current status of institutional repositories in japan2008/03/28 · outline of csi initiative for...

National Institute of Informatics

Current Status of Institutional Repositories

in Japan


Izumi SugitaLibrary Liaison Team

Scholarly and Academic Information DivisionCyber Science Infrastructure Development Department

National Institute of Informatics, Japan

North America Coordinating Councilon Japanese Library Resources2008 Open Meeting

プレゼンタープレゼンテーションのノートGood afternoon. My name is Izumi Sugita. I’m in charge of the Library Liaison Team at the National Institute of Informatics in Japan. I’d like to talk about the “current status of Institutional Repositories (IRs) in Japan”. This is the image character of our project. It’s not an official one, but a secret one. As you may know, “TORI” in Japanese means bird, so, the character of the “repository” is a bird.OK, let’s get started.


Outline

What is an Institutional Repository?

NII’s Institutional Repositories Program– Results of phase I (FY2005–FY2007)– Prospects for phase II (FY2008 – FY2009)

How can we use the content of Institutional Repositories?

プレゼンタープレゼンテーションのノートMy presentation today will be in three parts.First, I’m going to tell you what an institutional repository is.Second, I’ll give an overview of the Institutional Repositories Program.And finally, I’ll talk about how we can better use the content of institutional repositories.


Institutional Repository (IR)

What is an Institutional Repository?– Electronic archiving system of content produced by

universities, etc. gathered and stored as digital data and made freely available to public

• Definition of Institutional Repository:– “ … set of services that a university offers to the members of

its community for the management and dissemination of digital materials created by the institution and its community members”（Lynch, Clifford 2003）

Two Objectives:– Reform dissemination of information– Enhance social value of universities

プレゼンタープレゼンテーションのノートYou might want to ask, “What is an institutional repository?”Well, first of all, have you ever heard of an institutional repository before?Or are any of you planning to constitute a institutional repository in the future?Well, basically, it is electronic archiving system of the outcomes from universities and research institutions of the information gathered and stored as digital data and made freely available to the public.IRs have two objectives.The first is the reform the way such content is disseminated by being openly accessible.The second is the enhancement of the social value of universities. As this background, Japanese universities are required to ensure accountability nowadays.Well, now that you know what an IR is and what the objectives are, you might be wondering what the overall concept is. Let’s take a look.


Concept of IR

UsersLibraries,

etc.

Faculty

Reform of information disseminationShow-case content produced by universities

- Articles- Preprints

- Departmental bulletin papers

- Technical papers- Thesis & Dissertations

- Presentations- Teaching materials

- Database- Software

etc.

InstitutionalRepository

Access

Search

Deposit

Readers Writers

Interface,Search engine

プレゼンタープレゼンテーションのノートUniversity and institutional faculties, as writers, can deposit the content that they produce in the IR.Users, as readers, can search and access this content via a search engine.Usually, in order to read a journal article, they have to subscribe to a journal or pay per view, and it is very expensive.If a reader can get the full text of a journal article or similar viewing freely from an IR, in other words, if the open access is realized, it will reform and change the way of academic communication.Furthermore, such open access will be a better showcase of the content produced by universities and it will enhance their social value.


Outline of CSI Initiative for IRs Phase I (FY2005–2007)

Pilot project (FY2005):– NII selected 19 universities

Full-fledged project (FY2006-2007):– Objectives:

• To expand nationwide installation of institutional repositories• To boost innovative R&D

– Two project areas:• Area 1 (construction and operation of institutional repositories)• Area 2 (innovative R&D)

– Competitive selection process:• Open call for proposals

FY2005 FY2006 FY2007

Pilot project Full-fledged project

Area 1 19 57 70

Area 2 22 14

プレゼンタープレゼンテーションのノートTo encourage these activities, NII started programs to enhance IRs. This slide shows the outline of phase I of NII’s CSI initiative on IRs.A pilot project was started in 2005.NII selected 19 universities based on their achievements.In 2006, NII launched a full-fledged project with two objectives. The first was to expand the nationwide installation of institutional repositories.And the second was to boost innovative research and development.The project was divided into two areas.In area 1, we invited institutions to apply for funds for the construction and operation of institutional repositories. In 2006, we selected 57 universities to participate in area 1, and we added 13 more universities in 2007.So, we now have a total of 70 partners.In area 2, we invited innovative research and development projects. We reorganized 22 projects into 14 in 2007.This selection process was competitive.


0

10

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80

1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 36 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

0 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

3

5 5 6 6 6 69 9 9 9 11

12 12 12 12 12 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13

0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0

0 0 01 1 1

1 2 3 3

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2025

28 3031

32 32 33 3436 36 36 36

0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

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0 0 00 0 0

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00

02

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0 0 0 00 1 1 1 1 1 1

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2 2 22 3 3

3 33 4

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4

810 11

1212

12 12 1212

other

H19

H18

H17

H16

Increase in Number of IRs in JAPAN

Pioneers：Chiba

HokkaidoWaseda

13 IRsApril 2006

47 IRsApril 2007

76 IRs March 2008

Partners from 2006

Partnersfrom 2007

Others

Partners from 2005

Experimental project 2004

プレゼンタープレゼンテーションのノートThis bar graph shows that the number of IRs has been increasing each year.These sections show our partners.They are divided into the years in which they became partners.I’d like to focus on this area here, “others”.The universities in this section are not our partners.They are independently constructing IRs. This is a notable thing.At present, there are more than 70 IRs in Japan.


IRs by country

Open Directory of Open Access Repositories (DOAR) http://www.opendoar.org/ （Last accessed：2008/03/19）

World total：1108– Japan is fourth with 67

プレゼンタープレゼンテーションのノートThis pie chart shows the number of IRs in different countries around the world.There are now more than 1,000 IRs worldwide.As you can see, one quarter of them is in the U.S.Japan is ranked fourth in the world.This seams impressive, but in actuality, there are more than 700 universities in Japan, so this number is not so impressive.In fact, only 10% of universities in Japan have their own IR.


7

IR contents-1

Number of items depositedJuNii+ (number of IRs: 60, total number of content items: 273,852)

JuNii+ http://juniiplus.csc.nii.ac.jp/ (Test version, only Japanese)（Last accessed：2008/03/26）

17.9%

9.4%

52.2%

13.2%

Journal articles Theses and dissertations Departmental bulletin papers Conference papers Books Technical reports Research reports Preprints Presentation materials General articles Learning materials Data/ database Misc

Journal articlesTheses and dissertationsMisc.

Journal articles 48,898

Theses and dissertations 25,825

Departmental bulletin papers

142,872

Conference papers 2,373

Books 1,092

Technical reports 465

Research reports 7,531

Preprints 101

Presentation materials 854

General articles 4,701

Learning materials 2,557

Data/ database 442

Misc. 36,141

Total 273,852

Departmental Bulletin papers

プレゼンタープレゼンテーションのノートThe pie chart shows the number of items deposited in IRs in Japan. The items are divided into types.More than half of the items deposited are departmental bulletin papers.Almost 20% are journal articles.These contents are accessible via the JuNii+, which is a portal system of IRs produced by NII.

http://juniiplus.csc.nii.ac.jp/


IR contents -2

Breakdown by Nippon Decimal Classification (NDC)97,091 items (Input rate: 42.7%)

Date: 2008/01/09, 49IRs

プレゼンタープレゼンテーションのノートHere we can see a breakdown by using NDC for short. As you can see, almost 25% is in the field of medical science.The second is education and the third is mathematics.We can see that the contents from various fields are registered.


IR contents -3

Language: Input rate: 95.2%31 languages

Japanese

English

Date: 2008/01/09, 49IRs

プレゼンタープレゼンテーションのノートThis pie chart shows the languages of the content. More than three quarters are Japanese, and about 20% is English.


IR contents -4

Case study: Nagoya Repository

48,904

1,014

120,839

360

239,609

4,939

55,429

60

22,278

211

Download

number

(Accumulation)

Registrated

number

(Accumulation)

Journal articles Theses and dissertations Departmental bulletin papers

Learning materials Misc

49%

5%

25%

15%

© Nagoya University Library, March 2008

75%

10%

プレゼンタープレゼンテーションのノートHere are the results from a case study on the Nagoya Repository.This bar graph is divided by resource type.The upper one shows the number of contents and the bottom one shows the number of download times.Although there are not so many numbers; 5%, we can see that theses and dissertations are used a lot; 25%.Most of the learning materials viewed were by library pass-finders.


Achievements and Lessons form Phase I

Achievements:– Area 1:

• Increased number of IRs and their contents

– Area 2:• Clarified technical and institutional problems• Established librarian community:

– Digital Repository Federation (DRF)– Database of Society Copyright Policy Japan (SCPJ)

Lessons & Issues:– How to keep sustainability/maintain momentum?– Some system development projects in the area 2

are not spreading to other institutions

プレゼンタープレゼンテーションのノートI would like to conclude by talking about some of the achievements and lessons we have learned from phase I.In area 1, we increased the number of IRs and the content amount.And in area 2, we clarified the technical and institutional problems and established a librarian community.As for the lessons we have learned, we have seen that some system development projects in the area 2 are not expanding across other institutions.And we have to solve the problem how to maintain sustainability or the momentum of expansion.


Keys to Phase II

Keys to Phase II:– Emphasis on sustainable and self-supported

activities– Area 1:

• focus on priority resource type content, such as theses and dissertations, reports and related data from grants-in-aid research, and departmental bulletin papers, etc.

– Area 2: • stress projects with wider applications and

innovative additional values

プレゼンタープレゼンテーションのノートNow, let’s look at the next phase.The keys of phase II are as follows.We need to put emphasis on sustainable and self-supporting activities.For example, we recommend reserving a respectable percentage of research funds for information dissemination.NII will focus on prioritizing the resource types, such as theses and dissertations, and the reports and related data from grants-in-aid research, for example KAKEN.We also need to invite some proposals from innovative research and development to create additional value for IRs.


NII’s three activities for supporting IRs

Content Construction:– Digitization and supply of journal articles; “CiNii/ELS”– Communication and adjustment with academic societies– Recommendation to SPARC partners “Repository Friendly Policy” – Supply the system for dissemination “Departmental Bulletin Papers”

Support for Collaboration:– Training for academic portal specialist with DRF– Seminars, workshops, symposiums, etc.

System Cooperation:– Defining standard metadata format; JuNii2– Developing and providing IRs portal; JuNii+

http://juniiplus.csc.nii.ac.jp/ （test service）– Cooperation with other services

プレゼンタープレゼンテーションのノートOf course, NII’s support program not only involves funding. We have three activities for supporting IRs.First, support for content construction.Second, we supply some system cooperation.Third, support for the collaboration of the managers of the IRs.I would like to focus on the JuNii+.



Federated search over all institutional repositories in Japan that are compliant

with metadata format junii2

JuNii+ (test version)http://juniiplus.csc.nii.ac.jp/

Full text

Metadata

Institutional repositories

harvest

Crawl / harvest

■Google Scholar

Search engines

■Google■OAIster ・・・

JuNii+: Japanese IRs portal

Metadata ofJournal articles

&Bulletin papers

will go to

CiNii

OAI-PMH

プレゼンタープレゼンテーションのノートThis is a conception diagram of the JuNii+.JuNii+ harvests metadata from the IRs.So, users can do a federated search across almost all of the IRs in Japan. At present, only Japanese interfaces are supplied, but are going to develop an English interface by next autumn. And we are going to develop it as the system not use Java script. For data to be harvestable, it has to be compliant with the metadata in the junii2 format.Junii2 was devised for describing the articles.We are also planning to extract the metadata on academic journal articles and register them on our most important database: CiNii.


National Institute of InformaticsNational Institute of Informatics

For more information…

http://www.nii.ac.jp/irp/en/[email protected]

プレゼンタープレゼンテーションのノートThat’s all for my presentation.Although I have only covered the situation in Japan, I hope that will be useful to obtain the information that you need .If you have any questions, please feel free to contact us by e-mail at the address given here. Thank you for your attention.

Current Status of Institutional Repositories in Japan�OutlineInstitutional Repository (IR)Concept of IROutline of CSI Initiative for IRs Phase I (FY2005–2007)Increase in Number of IRs in JAPANIRs by country IR contents-1IR contents -2IR contents -3IR contents -4Achievements and Lessons form Phase IKeys to Phase IINII’s three activities for supporting IRsJuNii+: Japanese IRs portal スライド番号 16

current status of institutional repositories in japan2008/03/28 · outline of csi initiative for...

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