curriculum and syllabus of five year integrated msc …

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INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF PHOTONICS(ISP)

CURRICULUM AND SYLLABUS OFFive Year Integrated MSc Degree Course in Photonics

COCHIN UNIVERSITY OFSCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

COCHIN - 682 022

2013

Contact Address

Director,International School of Photonics,Cochin University of Science and Technology,Cochin-682 022Phone : 0484-2575848

INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF PHOTONICS

Centre of Excellence in Lasers and Opto-electronic Sciences (CELOS)Photonics is a Hi-Tuch subject that has evolved as a result of the fusion of optical

technology with electronics. Its deep impact in areas like communication, computing and controlas well as in fields like medicine, industry, defence and entertainment has made Photonics anindependent subject on its own right. The present M.Sc. course has been designed in such away that it includes the essential subjects like Physics, Mathematics, Electronics,Applied Optics, Quantum Optics, Instrumentation and Computer Science which makes this avirtually stand - alone course.

The University Grants Commission recognized Cochin University of Science andTechnology as a "University with potential for Excellence" in the field of "Lasers and OptoelectronicScience" in March 2002 and had released an amount of Rupees 5 crores for various activitiesunder this programme. Consequently a "Centre of Excellence in Lasers and OptoelectronicSciences" was established in Cochin University of Science and Technology in July 2002. Underthis Centre a unique teaching programme viz. Five year Integrated M.Sc. Degree course inPhotonics was introduced for the first time in this country, which is a 10 semester course withan annual intake of 20 students. Research activities in the area of Photonics have also beenundertaken under this Centre. The funding which was initially granted for 5 years was extendedfor a term of 5 more years up to 31 5t March 2012. Presently ISP is offering this course.

5 Year integrated M.Sc. Degree ProgrammeA salient feature of the programme is the five year integrated Msc degree course in

Photonics which is the only one of its kind combining the salient features of high technologysubjects like fibre optics, laser technology, computer science and microelectronics. The courseis imaginatively structured in such a way that in addition to the above areas, the student isgiven a firm foundation in applied mathematics and physics. The first batch of students of thiscourse came out in 2007. Students who have successfully completed the course are pursuingtheir doctoral studies in leading R&D institutions and universities spread over USA and Europe.We are sure that students of this course will be the seeds of future Photonics Scientists andtechnologists.

Scope of the CourseRecent advances in Photonics technology for imaging, health care and consumer elec-

tronics have contributed unprecedented progress in every sphere of human activities. Photonicsbased companies and R&D institutions are growing day by day which need people trained inPhotonics and allied areas.

1. Who can apply?

Eligibility for the admission for the Five year Integrated MSc degree course in Photonicsis +2 examination of the State of Kerala with Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics as theoptional subjects or any other examination accepted as equivalent thereto securing a minimumof 50% marks in Mathematics and 50% marks in Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry puttogether.


The minimum eligibility for SC/ST is 45% for Mathematics and 45% marks forMathematics, Physics and Chemistry put together.

Admission

Admission to the Course is based on the Common Admission Test (CAT) conducted bythe University.

DurationDuration of the course is 10 semesters. Each semester is of 16 weeks duration.

REGULATIONS FOR POST GRADUATE PROGRAMMESIN THE DEPARTMENTS/ SCHOOLS OF

THE COCHIN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

SCOPE

1.1 These Regulations shall apply to all post graduate programmes conducted by the

Departments/Schools of the Cochin University of Science and Technology excluding

Ph.D., M. Phil and P.G. Diploma and Certificate Courses.

1.2 The provisions herein supersede all other Regulations unless otherwise provided.

DEFINITIONS

2.1 Academic Committee means the commiuee constituted by the Vice-Chancellor under

this Regulation to monitor the running of the programme.

2.2 Core course means a course that the student admitted to a particular programme

must successfully complete to receive the Degree and which cannot be substituted by

any other course.

2.3 Elective course means a course, which can be substituted by equivalent courses from

the same or other Departments/Schools.

2.4 Audited course will not accrue any credit.

2.5 Department/School means Departments/Schools instituted in the University as per

Statutes and Act.

2.6 Levels of courses in these Regulations will generally mean: First Level : undergraduate

programmes

Second Level: all post graduate programmes (Master's Degree except M. Tech) Third

Level : M. Tech. courses

2.7. Semester and course credit system shall be followed.


ELIGIBILITY FOR ADMISSION

As per the Regulations prescribed by the University from time to time.

ADMISSIONAs per the Regulations prescribed by the University from time to time.

COURSE REGISTRATION

5.1 Every department/School shall have Faculty Members as Students' Advisors. Eachstudent at the time of seeking admission will be assigned to an Advisor by theDepartmental Council. He/She will advise the student about the academic programmeand counsel on, the choice of courses depending on the student's academic backgroundand objective. The student shall then register for the courses he plans to take for thesemester before the classes begin.

The Department offering any course shall prescribe the maximum number of studentsthat can be admitted taking into consideration the facilities available. In any departmentpreference shall be given to those students for whom the course is a core-course if thedemand for registration is beyond the maximum prescribed. Every student has tocomplete the prescribed prerequisites for the course before registration. The studentcan drop out if he feels that he has registered for more courses than he can handlewithin 20 days after the commencement of classes.

5.2 The University shall make available to all students a Bulletin listing all the coursesoffered in every semester specifying the credits, pre requisites, list of topics the courseintends to cover, the instructor who is giving the course, the time and place of theclasses for the courses and examination schedule. Each course shall have a codeconsisting of three characters denoting the Department and four digits of which firstdigit indicating the level of the course, second indicating the Semester and third and.thefourth digits the serial number of the course. However, in such departments havingmore than 1 Masters programme of same level, the first 2 characters denote departmentand the third, the course of study.

COURSE STRUCTURE

6.1 Core courses should generally be offered by the Department/School concerned.Normally no course shall have more than four credits except in cases where onlyproject/dissertation including seminars are involved in which case the minimum creditshall be sixteen.

6.2 Total number of credits for the core courses shall not exceed 60 for M.A. / M.Sc., 80 forMCA / MBA, 40 for M. Tech. and shall not be less than 48 for M.A. / M.Sc., 72 for MCA/MBA Programmes/ MIB and 36 for M. Tech.

6.3 The department council shall make recommendations on the core and elective coursesincluding the detailed syllabus for each programme offered by the department to the

University and approved by the concerned Board of Studies, Faculty and AcademicCouncil. The Department Council shall have the freedom to design and introducenew electives and/or audited courses, to modify / redesign existing electives and toreplace any existing electives with new or modified / redesigned electives to facilitatebetter exposure and training for the students. Prior approval from the Board of Studiesand Academic Council is not required for such modifications in the electives, but shallbe done only with the approval of the Academic Committee. Such changes shall bebrought to the notice of the concerned bodies in the next meeting.

6.4 The general structure of the programme shall be as given below:

MA/M.Sc. MBA MBA* MCA

Full Time Part Time

Programme duration 4 sem 4 sem 6 sem 6 sem

Accumulated minimum creditsRequired for successful 72 87 87 108Completion of the programme

Minimum attendance required 75% 75% 75% 75%

Note: * MBA (PT) programme has 6 semesters with the same content as thefall time programme with 4 semesters

Each semester shall have a minimum of 90 working days and one credit shallbe? given for one-hour lecture or 3 hours of practical work per week. No regularstudent shall register for more than 24 credits and less than 16 credits persemester. In case of MBA (PT) students the minimum and maximum creditsper semester will be 12 and 18 respectively.

6.5 Credit-based system to be made more versatile, whereby every student maytake about 25% of his/her course curriculum outside the parent department(Optional subjects) and the Core subjects which may constitute about 75% inthe parent department. In order to improve the soft skills of the students, acourse or 'Communicative English' will be offered as a non-credit course to allstudents of the University, whether UG or PG

7. EVALUATION7.1 The evaluation scheme for each se'mester contains two parts, an internal

assessment and an external examination. Equal weightage shall be given forthe internal and external examinations. However all practical examinations willbe internally evaluated as per the procedures laid down by the concernedDepartment council. Immediately after the examination is over the HOD shallarrange a valuation camp pertaining to all the examinations conducted in thedepartment and the results shall be finalised within one month after theexamination is over.

INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF PHOTON/CS

7.2 The existing rules shall apply for the conduct of all external semester endexaminations relating to all courses coming under these regulations.

7.3 The system of separate minimum for external / internal examinations bedispensed with, to ensure uniformity except for management programmes inSMS.

8. GRADE CARD

8.1 The University under its seal shall issue to the students a grade card oncompletion of each semester. The grade card shall contain the following:

Title of the courses taken as Core, Elective and Audit (an Audit course shall belisted only if the student has passed it).

The credits associated with and grades awarded for each course.

The number of credits (Core and Elective separately) earned by the studentand the grade point average. •

The total credits (Core and Elective) earned by the student till that semester.

8.2 The following grading system be adopted for all the courses. The followinggrades will be awarded based on the overall performance in each subject.

Range of marks Grades Weightage

90% and above S-Outstanding 10

(80-89) A-Excellent 9

(70-79) B-Very Good 8

(60-69) C-Good 7

(50-59) D-Satisfactory 6

Below 50% F-Failed 0

Overall performance at the end of the semester will be indicated by Gradepoint Average (GPA) calculated as follows.

GPA = G1C1 + G2C2 + G3C3 + +GnCn

C1 + C2 + C3 -I- +Cn.

where `G' refers to the grade weightage and 'C' refers to the credit value ofcorresponding course undergone by the student.

At the end of the'final semester Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) willbe calculated based the above formula.

INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF PHOTON/CS

Classification for the Degree/Diploma will be given as follows:

Classification CG PA

First Class with distinction 8 and above

First Class 6.5 and above

Second Class 6 and above

8.3 The Grade "Card issued at the end of the final semester shall contain the details of allthe courses taken which shall include the titles of the courses, the credits associated

with each course, the CGPA and the class in which the student is placed. The rankshall be awarded based on CGPA corrected to the second decimal.

8.4 Those who fail any Core or Elective course shall be given two additional chances for

appearing for the semester-end examination within a period of two years after the

completion of the course. However, the marks obtained by the continuous assessment

during the semester can be improved only by repeating the course. Students can

repeat the course after obtaining permission from the Departmental Council.

DEPARTMENT COUNCIL

9.1 Every postgraduate programme conducted in the Departments shall be monitored bythe Department Council subject to these regulations the Department council shall

design courses, prescribe the mode of conducting the courses and evaluating thestudents and teachers.

ACADEMIC COMMITTEE

10.1 There shall be an Academic committee constituted by the Vice-Chancellor to monitorand co-ordinate the working of the credit and semester system.

10.2 The committee shall consist of:

The Pro-Vice-Chancellor Chairman

The Registrar Secretary

The Controller of Examinations

One Teacher from each Dept. with Post Graduate course

10.3 A senior professor nominated by the Vice-Chancellor from among the members of the

committee shall be the Vice chairman of the committee.

10.4 The term of the office of the committee shall be two years, but the committee of ceconstituted shall continue in office until a reconstituted committee assumes office.


TRANSITORY PROVISION

Notwithstanding anything contained in these regulations, the Vice-chancellor shall, fora period of one year from the date of coming into force of these regulations, have thepower to provide by order that these regulations shall be applied to any programmewith such modifications as may be necessary.

REPEAL

The Regulations now in force in so far as they are applicable to programmes offered inthe University Departments and to the extent they are inconsistent with theseRegulations are hereby repealed. In the case of any inconsistency between the existingregulations and the regulations relating to the Credit and Semester System in theirapplication to any course offered in a University Department, the later shall prevail.


INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF PHOTONICS 10

CONTENTS Page No.

Semester I 17

Semester II 23

Semester III 31

Semester IV 38

Semester V 45

Semester VI 51

Semester VII 55

Semester VIII 58

Semester IX 61

Semester X 75

INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF PHOTONICSCochin University of Science and Technology

Integrated MSc Degree in Photonics -The course structure:(Applicable from 1 st semester of 2013 admission)

SEMESTER ICourse Subject Work/Week

CreditMarks

Lecture Lab Tutorial IE UE Total

CEL1101 Mechanics andWave Phenomena 3 1 3

50 50100

CEL1102 Electricity andMagnetism

3 1 3 50 50 100

CEL1103 Optics I-Geometrical Optics

3 1 3 50 50 100

CEL1104 Mathematics I 3 1 3 50 50 100

CEL1105 Statistical Methods 3 1 3 50 50 100

CEL1106 LabNiva 6 3 100+50 150

CEL1107 Communicative English 2 1 2 100 100

Total for Semester I 17 6 6 20 500 250 750

SEMESTER IICourse Subject Work/Week

CreditMarks


CEL1201 Electronics I-Basic Electronics 3 1 3

50 50100

CEL1202 Optics II -Physical Optics

3 1 3 50 50 100

CEL1203 Mathematics II 3 1 3 50 50 100

CEL1204 Computer Science 3 1 3 50 50 100

CEL1205 Nuclei, Particles andBeams

3 1 3 50 50 100

CEL1206 LabNiva 6 3 100+50 150

CEL1207 History of Scienceand Technology

1 1 1 50 50

Total for Semester II 16 6 6 19 450 250 700

nINTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF PHOTONICS

12INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF PHOTONICS

SEMESTER IIICourse Subject Work/Week

CreditMarks


CEL1301 Electronics II Analogand DigitalElectronics 3

1 350 50

100

CEL1302 Classical Mechanics3 1 3

50 50100

CEL1303 Thermodynamicsand Statistical

Mechanics3 1 3

50 50100

CEL1304 Mathematics III 3 1 3 50 50 100

CEL1305 Atomic Spectroscopy 3 1 3 50 50 100

CEL1306 LabNiva 6 3 100+50 150

CEL1307 Seminar 1 0 1 50 50

Total for Semester III 16 6 5 19 450 250 700

SEMESTER IVCourse Subject Work/Week

CreditMarks


CEL1401 Electronics IIIDigital circuits andmicro processers

3 1 350 50

100

CEL1402 Optics III-OpticalInstrumentation

3 1 3 50 50 100

CEL1403 Quantum Mechanics I 3 1 3 50 50 100

CEL1404 Electomagnetic Theoryand Relativistic

Phenomena3 1 3

50 50100

CEL1405 Mathematics IV 3 1 3 50 50 100

CEL1406 Computer lab 6 3 100 100

CEL1407 Workshop 1 0 1 100 100

CEL1408 Seminar/viva 1 1 100 100

Total for Semester IV 17 6 5 20 550 250 800

SEMESTER VCourse Subject Work/Week

CreditMarks


CEL1501 Optics IV -Applied Optics

31 3

50 50100

CEL1502 Electronics IV-Electronic

Instrumentation3 1 3

50 50100

CEL1503 Quantum Mechanics II 3 1 3 50 50 100

CEL1504 Materials Science 3 1 3 50 50 100

CEL1505 MolecularSpectroscopy 3 1 3 50 50 100

CEL1506 LabNiva 6 3 100+50 150

CEL1507 Seminar 1 1 50 50

Total for Semester V 16 6 5 19 450 250 700

SEMESTER VICourse Subject Work/Week

CreditMarks


CEL1601 Photonics I-Optoelectronics 3 1 3

50 50100

CEL1602 Photonics II-Fibre Optics

3 1 3 50 50 100

CEL1603 Photonics III-Laser Physics

3 1 3 50 50 100

CEL1604 ProjectNiva 12 4 200 200

CEL1605 LabNiva 6 3 100+50 150

Total for Semester VI 9 18 3 16 500 150 650

Total for Semester 1-VI 113 2900 1400 4300

13


SEMESTER VII( course number of electives 2EX1- 2EX7 correspond to course numbers of electives chosenfrom the list of electives given separately. For example if 2E01 Network analysis andCommunication Engineering and 2E03 Optical Sensor Technology are given as the Elective Iand Elective II respectively in the VII semester then CEL 2EX1 and CEL 2EX2 will be CEL2E01 and 2E03 respectively)

Course Subject Work/WeekCredit

Marks


CEL2701 Advanced Solidstate theory

4 1 4 50 50 100

CEL2702 Laser systems &Laser Applications 4 1 4

50 50100

CEL2EX1 Elective I3 1 3

50 50100

CEL2EX2 Elective II3 1 3

50 50100

CEL2703 Lab I Electronics 42 100 100

CEL2704 Lab II- Photonics Lab 4 2 100 100

CEL2705 SeminarNiva 1 1 100 100

Total for Semester VII 15 8 4 19 500 200 700

SEMESTER VIIICourse Subject Work/Week

CreditMarks


CEL2801Nonlinear Optics

4 1 4 50 50 100

CEL2802 Digital SignalProcessing andOptical Signal

Processing

4 1 450 50

100

CEL2EX3 Elective III3 1 3

50 50100

CEL2EX4 Elective IV3 1 3

50 50100

CEL2803 Lab I Electronics 42 100 100

CEL2804 Lab II Photonics 4 2 100 100

CEL2805 SeminarNiva 1 1 100 100

Total for Semester VIII 15 8 4 19 500 200 700


SEMESTER IXCourse Subject Work/Week

CreditMarks


CEL 2901 Optical Communication 4 1 4 50 50 100

CEL 2902 Lab I Fibre Optics Lab 4 2 100 100

CEL 2903 Lab II Photonics Lab 4 2 100 100

CEL 2904 SeminarNiva 1 1 100 100

CEL 2EX5 Elective V 3 1 3 50 50 100

CEL 2EX6 Elective VI 3 1 3 50 50 100

CEL 2EX7 Elective VII 3 1 3 50 50 100

Total for Semester IX 14 8 4 18 500 200 700

ELECTIVES

CEL 2E01 Network Analysis and Communication Engineering

CEL 2E02 Discrete Mathematics and Wavelets Theory

CEL 2E03 Optical Sensor Technology

CEL 2E04 Advanced Electromagnetic Theory

CEL 2E05 Optical Computing

CEL 2E06 Microwave Photonics

CEL 2E07 Atom Optics

CEL 2E08 Laser Spectroscopy

CEL 2E09 Quantum Optics

CEL 2E10 Optomechanical Engineering

CEL 2E11 Industrial Photonics

CEL 2E12 Biophotonics

CEL 2E13 Nanophotonics

CEL 2E14 Advanced Laser Systems

INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF PHOTONICS15

SEMESTER XCourse Subject Work/Week

CreditMarks


CEL 2X0 1 Project /viva

TOTALfor Semester X

16

16

200+100

300

200+100

300

600

600

Total Credits for the CourseSemesters Credits Marks

IE UE Total

Total for VII-X 72

(Core 51 and

Electives 21 credits) 1800 900 2700

Total fort-VI 113 2900 1400 4300

Total for I-X 185 4700 2300 7000


17 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF PHOTONICS

SEMESTER I

CEL 1101 MECHANICS AND WAVE PHENOMENA

Reading Section: Dimensional analysis, vectors and scalars, vector algebra, unit vectors,linearly independent and linearly dependent vectors, velocity, acceleration and force vectors.

Module 1Motion along straight line velocity, acceleration, velocity-time graph. Newton's laws of motion,equations of motion, motion in two and three dimensions projectiles. Force, work andenergy, energy conservation, work-energy theorem.System of particles Newton's law forsystem of particles, collisions, conservation of linear momentum, impulse, elastic andinelastic collisions in one and two dimensions.

Module 2Rigid body dynamics angular velocity and angular acceleration, angular momentum, torque.Newton's laws for rotational motion, angular momenta for systems of particles, conservationof angular momentum.Requirements of equilibrium, centre of gravity, Newton's laws ofgravitation, gravitation near the surface of earth and inside the surface of earth, gravitationalpotential energy, central force, reduced mass, Kepler's law.

Module 3Oscillations- simple harmonic motion, simple pendulum and its equation of motion,springand spring constant, Hookes law, work done by a spring, circular motion as SHM, dampedand forced oscillations, resonance.

Module 4Waves Transverse and longitudinal waves, traveling and standing waves, energy and powerin traveling waves, phase and group velocities, superposition, interference and dispersionof waves. Sound waves traveling sound waves, intensity and sound levels, Doppler effectin sound and light, sound pollution.

Advanced Reading : Acoustics of music, concert hail acoustics, mechanics of sports.

References:

Mechanics D S Mathur, S Chand & Company (2007) (Text)

Feynman Lectures Vol I, Narosa Publishing House (2002)

3. Fundamentals of Physics Resnik, Halliday and Krane, John Wiley and Sons,5th Edition (2002)

4 C. Knight, W. D. Ruderman, M. A. Helmholz, C A Moyer and B. J. Kittel, BerkeleyPhysics Course, Vol I Mechanics, Mc Graw Hill (1965)

5 Physics for scientists and engineers, Serway and Jewett, Brooks/Cole Publishers(2004)

CEL 1102 ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

Reading Section : Two types of charges- Coulomb's law, concept of electric field, field lines,dipoles and dipole moment

Module 1Quantization and conservation of charge, Millikan's oil drop experiment. Concept of electricflux-Gauss's law- Gauss' law in cylindrical, planar and spherical symmetry-applications.-Electric potential: equipotential surfaces, potential due to point charge, group of point chargesand due to electric dipole.Capacitance: capacitors in series and parallel connections, storingenergy in an electric field, capacitor with dielectric.Electric Current: current density,Resistance and Resistivity, Ohm's Law, Energy and power in electric circuits, Emf, potentialdifferences, RC circuits.

Module 2Magnetic field: the definition of B, Hall Effect, magnetic force on a current carrying wire,torque on a current lop, magnetic dipole, Ampere's law, SolenoidsElectromagnetic induction:Faraday's Law of induction, Lenz's law, induced electric field, inductance, self and mutualinduction, RL circuits, energy stored in a magnetic fieldMagnetism of Earth, Para, Dia andFerro magnetism, Lorentz force. Cyclotron and synchrotron.

Module 3Alternating currents- peak, rms and average values. AC through inductance, capacitance,resistance and their combinations. LC oscillations, damped oscillations,concept of phasedifference between voltage and current, phasor diagram, concept of impedance, AC power,power factor. Network theorems (for DC and AC) Thevenin's, Norton's, super position andmaximum power transfer theorems. Constant voltage and current sources.

Module 4Analysis of LC and RC circuits, series and parallel LCR circuits.Resonance, Acceptor andRejector circuits, 0-factor, relation of Q-factor to band width. Transformer- theory andconstruction. Losses in transformer.choke coil.AC and DC generators. Basic ideas of ACtransmission.

Advanced Reading Section - Bio-electricity, signal propagation through nerve cells, EEG.


t

References:Electricity and Magnetism - D. N. Vasudeva, S. Chand and company (2002) (Text)

Network theory and filter design - Aatre, New Age International Publication 2nd edition(2003) (Text)

Fundamentals of Physics - Resnik, Halliday and Walker; John Wiley & sons,4'h Edition (1994)

Basic Electrical Engineering - Thereja, S. Chand (2000)

The Feynman Lectures on Physics - Feynman, Leighton, Sands, Narosa Publishers(2003)

Electricity and Magnetism- R. Murugesan, S. Chand and Company, 4' h Edition (2001)

7. E M Purcell, Berkeley Physics course Vol 2, Electricity and Magnetism, McGraw Hill

CEL 1103 OPTICS I - GEOMETRICAL OPTICS

Module 1

Nature of light, Light as waves, rays and photons, Refractive index, velocity of light. Foucolt's,Anderson's, Houston's and Kerr Cell methods to measure velocity of light. Photometry-Radiomertic and Photometric units, inverse square law, Lambert's Law, Lummer, Flickerand photovoltaic photometers.

Module 2

Fermat's principle, Laws of reflection and refraction form Fermat's Principle, Total internalReflection, Prism, Minimum deviation, achromatism in prisms, dispersion without deviation,normal and anomalous dispersion, Wood's experiment.

Module 3Refraction and Reflection by spherical surfaces, Thin lens, converging, diverging andcylindrical lenses, Lens equations, aplanatic points, Combination of lenses, F number of alens, Power of a lens. Aberrations-Spherical aberration, coma, astigmatism, distortion,chromatic aberration.

Module 4

Matrix methods in Optics- Paraxial rays, Matrix representation of translation, refraction,reflection of light rays, ABCD law, lens wave guide.

Spectrometer, Prism, Spectrograph, Telescopes-Resolving power, Types of telescopes,optical telescope, radio telescopes, Microscopes-Resolving power and magnifying power.

Advanced Reading : Optics and Photonics in nature.

1


References

A text book of Optics N. Subrahmanian and Brijtlal, S. Chand and Company,22nd Edition, (1997) (Text)

Fundamentals of Physics- Resnik, Halliday, Krane, John Wiley and Sons, 5 th Edition,(2002)

3 Textbook of Optics, Ajoy Ghatak, Tata Mc Grow Hill, (2009)

Feynman Letures Vol I - Narosa Publishing House (2003)

Handbook of Optics Vol I and Vol II - Michael Bags (ED), Mc Graw Hills (1995)

Modern Engineering Physics- A. S. Vasudeva, S. Chand and Company, 2 nd Edition (2003)

Matrix methods in geometrical optics.- A. W. Joshi, New Age InternationalPublication (2005)

Optics Sathyaprakash, Rathan Prakashan Mandir Agra (1993)

Optics Eugune Hecht and A. R. Ganesan, Addison Wesley Longman (2002)

10. Berkeley Physics course, Vol 3, Frank S. Crawford, Tata McGraw Hill, 2008

CEL 1104 MATHEMATICS I

Reading Section : Differentiation and integration of simple functions

Module 1

Differential calculus : Differentiation of hyperbolica and inverse hyperbolic functions.Statement and applications of Leibnitz theorem, LMV theorem, Taylor's and Mclaurin'stheorems (no proof). Application to expansion functions- L'Hospital's Rule and itsapplications.

Partial differentiation Partial derivatives and total differential coefficients. Euler's theoremon homogenous function (no proof) chain rule for partial derivatives, errors andapproximations.

Module 2

Integral calculus Integration by parts, definite integral, multiple integrals. Applications ofdifferentiation and integration Equations of lengths of tangents, normal, radius of curvature,envelopes, rectification of curves. Volume of a solid of revolution, areas of surface ofrevolution.

Module 3

Ordinary Differential equations First order equation, variables separable, homogeneousand nonhomogeneous equations, integrating factor, Bernoulli's equations, enact equations,


second order linear differential equations with constant coefficients. Complimentary functionand particular integral, solution using auxiliary equation.

Module 4Partial differential equations Derivation of PDE by elimination of arbitrary constants andarbitrary coefficients. Concept of Jacobian. Solution of Lagranges Differential equations,Partial differential equation of the second degree, Laplace, Helmholtz and Poisson equations.

References

Calculus Vol I & Vol II Manicavachgom Pillai, Vishwanathan Publishing Co., (2000)(Text)

Differential Calculus Shanti Narayan, Vishwanathan Publishing Co., (2000) (Text)

Differential Calculus Joseph Edwards, AIIBS Publishers, (2001)

Integral Calculus for beginners., Joseph Edwards, MacMillan and Co (2008)

Mathematical Physics P K Chadopadhyaya, New Age International (1960)

Mathematical Methods for Physicists G B Art ken, H I Weber, Academic Press, (2001)

A text book of Mathematical Physicss P K Chakrabarti, S N Kundu Books and AlliedPub. Calcutta

Mathematical Methods in Classical & Quantum Physics Tulsi Das, S K Sharma,University Press (2009)

CEL 1105 STATISTICAL METHODS

Module 1

Probability spaces : conditional and independence, random variables and randomdistributions, marginal and conditional distributions

Curve fitting and principle of least squares, linear and quadratic curves, simple linearregression and correlation.

Module 2Independent random variables, mathematical expectation, mean and variance, binomial,Poissons and normal distributions, law of large numbers.

Module 3Central limit theorem (no proof), sampling distribution and-test for mean using T-distribution,c2 and F distributions.

21


Module 4

Time series analysis, Stationarity and nonstationarity, autocorrelation function

Testing statistical hypothesis significance level, Neyman-Pearson theorem (no proof) andsome of its simple applications, large sample test, standard error, tests based on T, c2and F.

References :

1 Statistical Methods S. P. Gupta, S. Chand & Co. (Text)

2. Probability and Statistics for Engineering and Sciences J. L. Devore, Brooks, California(1987)

3 Probability and Statistics, Schaum Series, McGraw Hill (2004)

Fundamentals of Mathematical Statistics S. C. Gupta and V. K. Kapoor, S. Chand & Co.

Time series analysis G. E. P. Bor, G. M. Jenkins

CEL 1106 LABNIVACEL 1107 COMMUNICATIVE ENGLISH

Elements of effective writing, methods of written exposition, art of condensation

Writing technical articles, proposals, research papers, reports, manuals and letters

Practical communicative Skills

3. Preparation and use of graphic aids

4. Technical Editing and Proof Reading

References

1. Technical Writing J. M. Lannonn

Sentence Skills A workbook for writers John Langon

New International Business English Leo Jones, Richard Alexander



SEMESTER II

CEL 1201 ELECTRONICS I BASIC ELECTRONICS

Module 1Diodes and their applications:

Conductors, insulators and semiconductors, Elements of semiconductor physics, p-typeand n-type semiconductors, pn junction diode, diode equation, operation and characteristicsof diode, Introduction to zener diode, photodiode, solar cell, varactor diode and LED.

Rectification, ripple factor, Rectifiers-Halfwave, Fullwave and Bridge. Filters-Different types,Voltage multipliers, clippers, clampers.

Module 2Transistors -BJTs, pnp and npn transistors, h-parameters, CE, CB, CC configuration,transistor characteristics, small signal analysis of BJT.

Unipolar transistors: FET, FET parameters, JFET, MOSFET-operations and theircharacteristics

Module 3Transistor biasing:-Need for biasing, faithful amplification, operating point, Stability factor(definition only), Biasing techniques-Base resistor, collector feedback, bias circuit withemitter resistor and voltage divider biasing. Voltage regulator using zener diode andtransistor.

Transistor amplifier- Classification of amplifiers, Transistor as an amplifier, CE, CC and CBamplifiers, multistage amplifiers, DC, RC, and transformer coupled amplifiers, Frequencyresponse of RC coupled amplifier

Power amplifiers-Class A, class B, and Class C operations, Push Pull amplifiers

Module 4Feedback amplifiers: Positive and negative feedback, Advantages of using negativefeedback, voltage series feedback, current series feedback, emitter follower

Oscillators: classification, Barkhausen criteria, different types. Tuned collector oscillator,Colpitts oscillator, RC phase shift oscillator, Wien bridge oscillator and crystal oscillator.

References1 Fundamentals of Electronics- J. D. Ryder, Prentice Hall India, 5 th edition, (2009) (Text)

2 Electronics devices and circuits Allen Mottershed, Prentice Hall India, (1973) (Text)

23

3 Electronics devices and circuit theory- Robert Boylestead and Nasheleski, PrenticeHall, (2004)

4 Integrated Electronics- Millman and Halkias, Tata Mc Grow Hill, (1972)

5 Principles of Electronics V. K. Metha, S. Chand & Co (2003)

6 Basic Electronics and Linear circuits N. N. Bhargava, Tata Mc Grow Hill (1984)

CEL 1202 OPTICS II - PHYSICAL OPTICS

Module 1

Superposition of two sinusoidal waves, path difference and phase difference, Analyticaland graphical methods. Coherent sources, spatial and temporal coherence, complexrepresentation of light waves, Interference of two monochromatic waves, optical beats.

Theory of interference and bandwidth, Interference by division of wavefront, Young's doubleslit experiment, Fresnel's bi-prism, Llyod's mirrors.

Module 2

Interference by division of amplitude, two beam interference, parallel sided plates, colourof thin films, wedge shaped film, Newton's rings - reflected and transmitted systems, Radiusof rings and expression for wavelength, Michelson interferometer, Determination ofwavelength separation and standarization of meter. Types of fringes- localized andnonlocalised fringes in white light

Module 3

Diffraction-Fresnel's assumptions, Rectilinear propagation of light and Fresnel's theory,Frednel's zones, theoy of zone plate and its comparision with convex lens, Fresnel andFraunhofer differactions- Fresnel's differaction at straight edge, Cornu's spiral applicationto diffraction phenomena. Fraunhofer diffraction at single slit, Double slit and multiple slits,missing orders in double slit differaction pattern, theory of plain transmission grating- obliqueand normal incidence, absence spectra, determination of wavelength of light using grating,dispersion and resolving power, Blazed gratings.

Module 4

Polarization, Experimental observation, Polarization by reflection and refraction, Brewsterangle, Pile of plates, Biot's polariscope, Malus laws, Double refraction - Optic axis, Uniaxialand biaxial crystals, Geometry of calcite crystals, Nicol prism, Nicol as analyzer andpolarizer. Huygen's explanation of double refraction, Quarter wave and Half wave plates,Production and detection of plane, elliptical and circular polarization of light.


24

ReferencesTextbook of Optics Ajoy Ghatak, Tata McGraw Hill, 2 nd Edition, (1992) (Text)

Text book of Optics N. Subrahmanian and Brijlal, S. Chand and Company, 22 nd Edition,(1997) (Text)Introduction to Classical and Modern Optics Jurgen R. Meyer Arendt, Prentice HallIndia 2nd Ed (1988)

Text book of optics Satyaprakash, Rathan Prakashan Mandir Agra, (1993)

Geometrical and Physical Optics- R. S. Longhrust, Orient Longman, 3 rd Edition, (1999).

Fundamentals of Optics Jenkins and White, Mc Graw Hill Int. editions, 4 th Edition,(1981).Optics Eugene Hecht, Pearson Education Inc., 4 th Edition, (2004)

Fundamentals of Physics Resnik, Halliday, Krane, John Wiley and Sons, 5 th Edition,(2002).

9. Wave optics and applications - R.S. Sirohi, Orient Longman, (2001)

CEL 1203 MATHEMATICS II

Reading Section : Vector Algebra, Matrix Algebra

Module 1Vector Calculus Vector differentiation, Gradient, divergence and curl, Solenoidal andirrotational vector point functions.

Vector integration, Line, surface and volume integration, Greens theorem, Gauss theoremand Stokes theorem (statements) Physical interpretations.

Module 2Matrices inverse of matrices, adjoint matrices (complex conjugate transpose) orthogonal,symmetric, skew symmetric, Hermitian and skew Hermitian matrices, elementarytransformations of a matrix.

Module 3Similarity and unitary transformation of matrices, diagonalisation of matrices, Eigen valuesand eigen vectors, Cayley-Hamilton Theorem, solution of algebraic equations using matricesconsistent and inconsistent equations:

Module 4Complex numbers Eulers formula, De Moivre's theorem (no proof), nth root of complexnumber.

IINTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF PHOTONICS25,<

Trigonometry Expansion of sin nx, cosnx and tannx, hyperbolic functions, separation intoreal and imaginary parts of sine, cosine, tangent, logarithmic and inverse tangent functions,summation of function using C+iS method.

ReferencesMathematical methods of Physics G. B. Arfken, H. J. Weber, Academic Press (2001)(Text)

Differential Calculus Shanti Narayanan, Vishwanathan Publishing Co., (2000) (Text)

Vector Analysis with introduction to Tensor analysis Schaum Series, (1974) (Text)

Trigonometry S. L. Loney, S. Chand & Co, (2002)

Matrices - Shanti Narayanan, S. Chand & Co., (2002)

A text book of Mathematical Physics P. K. Chakrabarti, S. N. Kundu Books and AlliedPub. Calcutta

Mathematical Methods in Classi gal & Quantum Physics Tulsi Das, S. K. Sharma,University Press (2009)

Calculus Vol I & Vol II Manicavachgom Pillai, Vishwanathan Publishing Co. (2000)

CEL 1204 COMPUTER SCIENCE

ReadingComputers and peripherals: Computers for individual users, organizations& Society - Whyare computers so important?- Keyboard standards - mechanical and optical mouse,trackballs, and track pads - Ergonomics-input devices, Avoiding Repetitive Stress Injuries- Microphones, input through MIDI, digital camera, video camera, Webcam, andcamcorders=, head phones and head sets - FAT, FAT32, NTFS, NTFS5, OSs like DOSworkstations, Windows - 9x, - 2000, - XP, Mac, UNIX, Linux, Network OSs like Windows -NT server, Windows - server-2003, and Novell Netware, Embedded Os - Word processing,spreadsheet, presentation programs, graphic and multimedia apps, file formats andcompatibility issues-issues in computing - HPFS-avoiding eyestrain and EMF health hazards.

Module 1Definition of Computer - Parts of a computer system with architecture - Informationprocessing cycle - hardware - Software - System and application software - data - computerusers- functions of keyboard controller, keyboard buffer - Mouse, its parts, functioning ofmouse - Game Controllers - Bar Code Readers, Image Scanners, OCR, Monitor types -CRT Monitors, Flat-panel monitors (LCD), Paper - white displays, ELD, Plasma displays,Factors for comparing monitors, Video cards, monitors, data projectors, sound systems,soundcards, bioacoustics - Printers, their types, factors for comparing printers, High-qualityprinters like Photo printers, Thermal-wax printers, Dye-Sublimation printers, Plotters, careand feeding of printers.


26

Module 2

Processor & Storage: Number systems, EBCDIC, ASCII - ALU - Machine cycles -Nonvolatile

Volatile & Cache memories - Factors affecting processing speed - Bus and bus standards- Modern

CPUs & manufacturers - RISC, CISC - Parallel processing - Serial, Parallel, SCSI, USB,IEEE 1394 •

& MIDI ports - Expansion Slots and boards - Plug and play - Magnetic Storage types,capacities, tracks, sectors, How OS finds data on a disk - Hot-swappable disks - tapes -Optical storage - Solid state storage devices, Flash Memory, Smart cards, SSD - Averageaccess time, Data transfer rate, Optimizing disk performance - Drive-interface standards.Current trends - Android, Artificial Intelligence, blue-ray discs

Module 3

Operating Systems & Utilities: OS types, OS functions, OS services, OS enhancementwith utility software, defragmentation, data compression, backup, antivirus, firewall, intrusiondetection, DBMS basics, computer languages.

Software: Algorithms, development of C programs

Module 4

Networking and other computing issues: Networking basics & objectives, LAN, WAN, CAN,MAN, HAN, lntranets, Extranets, Server-based networks, Client-Server networks, Peer-to-peer networks, cyberslacking, Network topologies and protocols, cables, wireless media,NIC, Hubs, Bridges, Switches, Routers, Gateways, Cabling equipments, Ethernet, Datacommunication with modem, Broadband, DSL, cable modem, ISDN, ATM, wireless accesspoint, wireless adapter - History of the Internet - major services of the Internet, WWW, e-mail, How web works, Web browsers, HTML tags, URL, helper apps,multimedia content -Tools for searching the web, advanced search, meta search - e-mail, FTP, IRC, P2P services- e-commerce, B2B - Basic security concepts & threats to users, hardware and data,Common hacking methods, Cyber terrorism, Protective rights and measures

References

Peter Norton's Introduction to Computers, 7 th Edition, 2010, Tata McGraw-Hill, NewDelhi (Text).

Fundamentals of computers —V. Rajaraman, fifth edition, 2010

Software Engineering - A PractitiOner's Approach, Roger S. Pressman, 7 th Edition,McGraw-Hill International Edition, 2009.

Management Information Systems, Dr. R Mohan, 7 th Edition, 2005, HimalayaPublishing House, Mumbai.

27 Ny INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF PHOTONICS

Management Information Systems - Managing The Digital Firms, Kenneth C. Laudon& Jane P. Laudon, 8th Edition, Indian Reprint, 2004, Pearson Education (Singapore),Delhi.

IT Fundamentals - Tools and Applications, T. Ramachandran Nambissan, 2003 DhruvPublications, Delhi.

The C programming Language, Brain W. Kernighan & Dennis M. Ritchie, Prentice-Hall of Techmedia, New Delhi. India., 2 nd edition, 2005

Programming in ANSI C. E. Balaguruswamy, 6' h edition, 2012

Let Us C by Yashavant Kanetkar, 12th edition, 2012

COM/DCOM Primer Plus, Chris Corry, Vincent Mayfield, John Cadman, Randy Morin,First Indian Edition, Tech media, New Delhi, 1998

CEL 1205 NUCLEI, PARTICLE AND BEAMS

Module 1Vector atom model, quantum numbers, Atomic nucleus, relationship between nuclear radiusand mass number, Nuclear forces, nucleons, spin and isotropic sin, isotopes and isobars,isomers, mirror nuclei, stability of nuclei, binding energy, fission and fusion.

Nuclear models-semi empirical mass formula, liquid drop model, shell model, magicnumbers, Parity of nuclear states, Meson theory of nuclear forces.

Module 2Radio activity, units, radio activity, alpha and beta decay, Gamow's theory, neutrino, Fermi'stheory of beta decay, Radiation hazards. Nuclear fusion and fission. Particle detectors -electroscope, scintillator, bubble chamber, cloud chamber, ionization chamber, GM counter.

Cosmic rays- Discovery, latitude, EW, altitude effects, primary and secondary cosmic rays,cosmic ray showers, Bhabha's theory, Pair production and annihilation, Positron and itsdiscovery, discovery of pi and mu mesons and strange particles, van Allen belts, origin ofcosmic rays, solar neutrino problem, neutrino oscillation and mass of neutrino.

Module 3Forces of nature and their unification (introductory ideas), Nuclear reactions, conservedqualities in nuclear reactions, Leptons, Baryons, Measons and Gauge particles, intrinsicand relative parity of elementary particles. (Elementary ideas of the following) -Gellman-Nakano-Nishijima relation, fundamental particles and their classifications, Standard modelParity violation and CPT conservation, CP violation and neutral Kaon decay, eightfold way,quark structure.

INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF PHOTON/CS 28

Module 4Nuclear reactor- critical condition, design aspects, classification, breeder reactor, effect ofnuclear radiation on living systems, Nuclear reactors and environment protection.

Particle accelerators -Van de Graff generator, Cyclotron, Synchrotron, Linear accelerator,Colliders.

ReferencesModern Physics- Beiser, Tata Mc Graw Hill, (2002) (Text)

Elementary particles and symmetries- I H Ryder, Gordon and Breach, (1975) (Textfor module III)

Modern Physics-Murugesan, S. Chand and Co, (2008) (Text )

Introduction to Nuclear Physics- Herald A. Enge, Addison Wesley Pub, (1972)

Nuclear Physics Kaplan, Narosa publishing House, (1962)

Nuclear Radiation detectors - Price,Tata McGraw Hill (1968)

Particle hunters- Neeman, Y. Kirch, Cambridge Univ. Press

Quantum Physics Eisberg and Resnik, John Wiley and Sons, 2 th Ed, (2002)

The cosmic onion-Quarks and nature of Universe - Frank Close, AIP (1983)

Elements of Nuclear Physics - W.E. Burcham, Longmans (1981).

University Physics with Modern Physics H. D.Young and R. A. Freedman, 11 th Edition,(2004).

Elements of Nuclear Physics M. L. Pandya & R. P. S. Yadav, 7 th Edition, (2002)

13. Nuclear Physics D. C. Tayal (2003)

CEL 1206 LAB/ VIVACEL 1207 HISTORY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Module 1Knowledge in ancient Europe- Plato- Aristotle-Ptolemaic system of Universe-Copernicansystem-Emergence of true science- Galileo — Kepler- Newton — Faraday and the discoveryof electrical machines-The industrial revolution

Module 2Emergence of modern science- Atomic discoveries- Relativity and quantum theory- Thenuclear era- The code of life- New materials - The electronic revolution and the IT era


Module 3Astronomy in ancient India, Egypt and other civilizations, some of the astronomicalinstruments Indian contribution during ancient to medieval period: sulbasutras, decimalsystem, number representation (various alpha numeric systems), contributions ofAryabhata, Brahmagupta, Varahamihira, Bhaskara Contribution by Kerala mathematiciansduring middle age e.g. Madhava, Neelakanda, Jyeshtadeva. Indian contribution to modernscience during the last 200 years-contributions of C. V. Raman, J. C. Bose, S. N. Bose etc

Module 4Introducing some of the classical works eg Aryabhatiyam, Opticks, Galileo's modern science.Principia of Newton. Topics in Philosophy of Science- facts and truth in science- Kanada-Francis Bacon-Thomas Kuhn and Karl Popper- The four percent universe and the currentscenario

References:Science in History - J. D. Bernal, All India Peoples Science Network, Vol 1-4 (1969)

Science in India (Vol 2) - Indian National Science Academy

Golden Age of Indian Mathematics - S. Parameswaran, 1998

Mathematics in Ancient and Medieval India - A. G. Bag, 1979

The History of Science and Technology from Ancient Greeks to ScientificRevolution - S. Pangenburg, D. K. Moser

Astronomy before the telescope - C. Walker, 1996

Aryabhatiya of Aryabhata - K. V. Sharma, INSA, 2009

The Sulbasutras - S. N. Sen and A. K. Bag, INSA, New Delhi, 1983

The Birth of a New Physics- Bernard Cohen, Double day and Co., New York, 1960

Brief history of Science and Technology in India, INSA

11. Lilavati's daughters, Indian National Science Academy, 2007


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SEMESTER III

CEL1301 ELECTRONICS-IIANALOG AND DIGITAL ELECTRONICS

Module 1

The differential amplifier- Emitter coupled logic, Common mode and Differential mode gain,CMRR, Single ended AC voltage gain, double ended AC voltage gain Complementaryoutput stage, Improves differential amplifier with constant current source.

DC level shifter, Integrated circuits, semiconductor processes, Monolithic ICs, Resistorand capacitor design on ICs.

Module 2

Op-amps: Block diagram, Electrical parameters, input and output impedances, offsetvoltages and currents, characteristics of ideal op-amp, open loop configurations, invertingand non-inverting amplifiers, stabilization of gain by negative feedback, voltage follower,current to voltage converter, Inverter and other configurations.

Module 3

Applications of Op-amp-Analog circuits, Adding circuits, Integration and Differentiatingcircuits, Comparators, Zero crossing detector, Schmitt trigger, Logarithmic amplifier, voltageregulator using Op-amps, Analog computations, Basic ideas, active filters

Digital fundamentals: the binary number system, octal and other codes, 1's and 2'scomplements, Binary arithmetic, Boolean algebra, Boolean theorems, Synthesis of Booleanfunctions,-Logic gates, Fundamental logic operations.

Module 4

Universal gate (NAND & NOR), combinational logic circuits, Half adder, Full adder, Halfsubtractor and Full subtractor, the XOR gate, Karnaugh diagram, Multiplexer, Encoderand decoder. Demultiplexer Logic families: DCTL, RTL, DTL NAND gate, TTL NAND gate,ECL circuits, PMOS, NMOS and CMOS logics, MOS inverter circuits, NAND & NOR CMOSswitches, CMOS transmission gate.

References

Electronics Fundamental and Applications- J. D. Ryder, Prentice Hall, India, 5 th edition(2009) (Text)

Integrated Electronics- Milman & Halkias, Mc Graw Hill- Kogakusha (2003) (Text)

3. Digital Fundamentals Floyd, Universal Publications (3' d Ed) (2001) (Text)

Digital Principles & Applications- Malvino & Leach, Tata Mc Graw Hill 5th Ed (1995)

Digital Electronics (circuits and systems) S. N. Ali., Gelgotia Publications, 2 nd Ed (2002)

Integrated Electronics- K. R. Botkar, Khana Publishers, 9 th Ed (1996)

Digital Electronics - V. K. Puri. Tata McGraw Hill (2006)

Electronic Principles Malvino, McGraw Hill 4 th Ed (1989)

Op- Amps and Linear Integrated circuits- Ramakant A. Gaykward PHI, (1999)

10. Electronic Devices and Circuits - Milman and Halkias,Tata Mc Graw Hill Ed (1991)

CEL 1302 CLASSICAL MECHANICS

Module 1

Frames of reference (basic ideas) Constraints, constrained motion and constraint force,generalized coordinates. Calculus of Variation. Hamilton's Principle. Lagranges equationsof motion, Lagrangian and Lagrange's equations in simple cases like freely falling body,simple pendulum. harmonic oscillator

Module 2Conjugate momenta, cyclic coordinates, conservation theorems and symmetry. Noether'stheorem (no proof). Hamiltonian, relationship between Hamiltonian and Lagrangian. Energyconservation.

Module 3Central force problem- reduction to equivalent one dimensional problem. Classification oforbits and stability condition for orbits. Kepler's laws. Kepler's laws using Lagrangianformulation.

Module 4Lagrangian formulation of small oscillations and normal modes with special reference toCO2 type molecules.

Hamilton's equations of motions. Canonical transformations. Generating function. PoissonBrackets, fundamental PB. Equations of motion using Poisson Brackets, simple examples

Advanced Reading : Action -angle variables. Hamilton Jacobi equation. Rigid bodydynamics-Euler's angles - equations of motion, symmetric top, Corioli's force.

References1. Classical Mechanics, H. Goldstein, C. Poole and J. Safko, 3 rd edition, Addison Wesley

(2005) (Text)


Classical Mechanics- Rana and Joag, Tata McGrawHill (1992)

Modem Optics - R. Guenther (for Lagrangian formulation of Optics), John Wiley Sons,(1990)

Classical Mechanics - V. B. Bhatia, Narosa Pub. (1997)

Classical Mechanics of particles and rigid bodies Kiran C. Gupta, Wiley EasternLtd. (1998)

Mechanics L. D. Landau and E. N. Lifshitz., Butterworth Heinemann, 3' d Ed (2002)

Ciassical Mechanics C. R. Mondal, Prentice Hall India, (2002)

8. Classical Mechanics - G. Aruldhas, PHI learning, 1 St edition (2008)

CEL1303 THERMODYNAMICS AND STATISTICAL MECHANICS

Reading section : Thermodynamic systems, thermodynamic equilibrium- thermodynamicprocess and cycles, Equations of states, Laws of thermodynamics, Carnot's engine andCarnot's cycle, Carnot's theorem, Claussius theorem and inequality.

Module 1Entropy - Change in entropy in reversible and irreversible processes, Entropy of ideal gas.Temperature- entropy diagram, entropy and second law of thermo dynamics. Nernst HeatTheorem.

Module 2Maxwell's Thermodynamics relations. Clasius - Clapeyron equation, ThermodynamicPotential. Internal energy. Helmholtz function. Enthalpy, Gibbs function, Gibhs Helmholtzequations

Phase transitions and critical phenomena - Phase diagram, first order phase transition.Clausius- Clapeyoron equation in the context of first order phase transition, Kirchhoff'sequation, second order phase transition. Ehrenfest's equations, liquid helium and superfluidity.

Module 3Macroscopic and microscopic systems- its general descriptions, phase space, ensemble,microcanonical, canonical and grand canonical ensembles, density distribution in phasespace. Liouville's theorem, volume conservation.

Module 4Distribution laws - classical and quantum statistics, Maxwell-Baltzniann distribution. Velocity

n33' INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF PHOTONICS

distribution, equipartition of energy, relationship between entropy and probability. Partitionfunction of monoatomic gas., Brownian motion

Quantum Statistics- Bose -Einstein and Fermi - Dirac distributions. Bosons and Fermions,

Photons and Bose statistics. Planck's law from Bosc statistics. B-E condensation.Thermionicemission and F-D statistics.

References

Theoretical chemistry - Glasstone, East West Press, New Delhi (Text)

Heat and Thermodynamics — Zeemansky and R. H. Dittman, Tata McGraw Hill (1997)(Text)

Thermodynamics Zeemansky, Tata McGraw Hill, 5 th Edition (1968).

Statistical Mechanics - K Huang, John Wiley & sons, 2 nd editioh (2008 )

Modern Thermo Dynamics-D. Kondepadi. Ilya Prigogene, John Wiley sons (1998)

Statistical Mechanics Kamal Singh, S. Chand and Co, New Delhi, 1 st edition (1988)

Statistical Mechanics R. K. Pathria, Butternorth-Heinemann, (1972)

Modern Physics- Beiser, Tata Mc Graw Hill, (2002)

Statistical Mechanics, A survival Guide- A. M. Glazer and J. S. Wask, Oxford UniversityPress (2001)

Introductory Stastistical physics-Roger Bowie, Academic press

Statistical Physics, Berkeley Physics Course Vol 5, F Reif, Tata McGraw Hill, 2011

Statistical Mechanics, R. K. Pathria, 2 nd edition, Elsevier (2002)

CEL 1304 MATHEMATICS 111

Module 1

Curvilinear coordinates: spherical and cylindrical coordinate systems, unit vectors line,area and volume elements, curl, divergence and gradient in curvilinear coordinates,Laplacian operator

Tensor Analysis: definition, law of transformations, rank of tensor, covariant and contravarianttensors, algebra of tensors, lowering and raising of indices, contraction of tensors,


fundamental tensors, metrics, covariant derivatives, Christoffel symbols, curvature tensor,Cartesian tensors, stress, strain and Hooke's law, moduli of elasticity, piezo electricity anddielectric susceptibility.

Module 2

Vector space: field, definition of vector space, inner product, norm, Schwart'z inequality,dual vectors and dual space, Bra and Ket notations, linearly independent and dependentvectors, orthonormal vectors, Schmidt's othogonalisation, basis, dimension, change ofbasis, linear operator, adjoint and Hermitian operators, matrix representation of operators,similarity and unitary transformations, eigen value and eigen vectors, projection operator,function space, Hilbert space.

Module 3

Partial Differential equations: separation of variables technique, Laplace's equation inrectangular, cylindrical , and spherical polar coordinates and their solutions, sphericalharmonics.

Differential equations: series solution, ordinary and singular points, Frobenius method,DiracDelta function Green's function technique to solve differential equations.

Module 4

Sturm-Liouville Problem, Hermitian differential equations, Beta and Gamma function,orthogonal functions, Legendre, Bessel and Hermite differential equations and theirsolutions, Legendre, Bessel and Hermite functions and their properties.

References:

Vector Analysis with an Introduction to Tensor Analysis - Murray R. Speigel, TataMcCraw Hill (1975) Schaum series (Text)

Matrices and Tensors for Physicists - A. W. Joshi, New Age International (1950)

Linear Vector Space - Hamos (Text)

Mathematics for Physicists and Engineers — G. B. Arfken, Academic Press (2001),(Text)

Mathematics for Physicists - Dennery and Kerzywiki

Mathematical Methods for Physicists - G. B. Arfken, H. J. Weber Academic Press (2001)

A textbook of Mathematical Physics - P. K. Chakrabarti, S. N. Kundu Books and AlliedPub, Calcutta (1996)

Mathematical Methods in Classical and Quantum Physics - Tulsi Dass, S. K. Sharma;University Press (1986)


Mathematical Physics: Differential equations and Transform Theory - A. K. Ghatak,I. C. Goyal, S. J. Chua; Mc Milian India Ltd. (2002)

Mathematical Physics (Parts 1,2 and 3) - J. D. Anand, P. K. Mittal, A. Wadhwa Har,Anand Publications (2003)

Mathematical Physics - Satya Prakash, Sultan Chand and sons, revised enlargededition, New Delhi (2002)

Mathematical Physics, Rajput Pragathi Prakashan, Meerut, 10 91 Edition (1985)

13. Mathematical physics, The Basics, S. D. Joglekar, University Press (2005)

CEL 1305 ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY

Module 1

Structure of atom: Rutherford model, alpha particle scattering, Bohr atom model, Bohr'sinterpretation of H atom, Hydrogen spectral series, Ritz combination principle, Combinationand intercombination series, Bohr's correspondence principle, Sommerfield relativistic atommodel, Wilson sommerfield modification, Vector atom model, Quantum numbers, Larmortheorem. Atomic orbitals and their shapes (no derivation)

Coupling schemes: Spectral terms and term symbols based on electron configuration.LS coupling, jj coupling, Pauli's exclusion principle, Hund's rule of multiplicity, selectionrules, intensity rules.

Module 2

Symmetry of atomic states, equivalent and nonequivalent electrons, normal and invertedatoms.

Spectra of one electron systems: Expression for spin orbit interaction, fine structure ofHydrogen atom, ionized Helium, alkali atoms, fine structure of doublet states- Sodium D1,D2 lines, Lande interval rule, Lamb shift, Intensity of spectral lines.

Hydrogen spectra- Hyperfine structure, Lande Interval rule.

Spectra of two electron systems: Alkaline-earth atoms, Mercury spectrum.

Module 3

Zeeman effect: Normal and anomalous Zeeman effect, classical interpretation of normalZeeman effect, explanation based on vector atom model, Lande's g factor, Evaluation ofZeeman shift, Zeeman effect in Sodium atom, experimental arrangement.

Intensity distribution of Zeeman lines: BDO rule, Keiss and Megger's rule.

Paschen- Back effect: Splitting of Sodium lines, selection rules, Zeeman and Paschen —Back effect in Hydrogen.


Module 4

Stark effect : Experiment, Stark effect in Hydrogen, weak field and strong field effect:First order and second order stark effect in Hydrogen (Qualitative ideas only).

X-ray spectra: Origin, Continuous and characteristic emission spectra, absorption spectra,explanation, Comparison of optical and X- ray spectra, Mosely's law, importance of Mosely'slaw, practical applications of singlet oxygen.

References :

Atomic spectra- White, Tata Mc Graw Hill NY 1983. (Text)

Elements of Spectroscopy - Gupta, Kumar and Sharma, Pragathi Prakashan Meerat,6 th edition 1983

Introduction to Modern Physics-H. S. Mani and G. K. Mehta, Affilated East and West(1988)

Concepts of Modern Physics- Beiser, Tata Mc Graw Hill 2003.

Spectroscopy - Straughen and Walker, Vol I John Wiley & Sons 1976.

Atomic and molecular physics - C. L. Arora, S. Chand publishing company, 3rdedition 2001.

7. Quantum physics - Eisberg and Resnik, John Wiley, 2 nd Edition 2002

CEL 1306 Lab Niva

CEL 1307 Seminar

37


SEMESTER IV

CEL 1401 ELECTRONICS IIIDIGITAL CIRCUITS AND MICROPROCESSORS

Module 1

Flip-flop, RS latches, level clocking, D latcher, edge triggered D flip fops, JK flip flop, JKMaster slave flip-flops.

Module 2

Registers and counters: Shift register, controlled shift registers, Ripple counters, decodinggates, synchronous counters, Ring counters, changing the counter modulus, decadecounters.

Module 3

Basic D/A converter, variable, resister networks, binary ladders, A/D converters, countermethod, successive approximation, dual slope A/D conversion, ND accuracy and resolution,VCO, sample and hold circuits, Static RAMs, Dynamic RAMs.

Module 4

Microprocessors 8085: Block diagram, pin out diagram, instruction format, Addressingmodes, Instruction types- Data transfer instruction, Arithmetic instructions, Logicalinstructions, Program control instructions, input output instructions, stack instructions,instruction timing and execution, timing diagrams, Programming Microprocessors.

Peripheral operations- Interrupt system, Serial input and Serial output, Programmed I/Oports, Memory interfacing, Direct Memory Access, DMA controller.

Introduction to 16 bit micro processor

References :

Digital Computer electronics- Malvino and Brown, Tata McGraw Hill education Pvt.Ltd, 3 rd Ed (1995) (Text)

Microprocessor Architecture Programming and applications using 8085 - R. S. Goanker,Prentice Hall India, 5'h Ed (2006) (Text)

Electronic Devices- Applications and Integrated circuits-Mathur Kulashreshta andChandha, Umesh publications

Digital principles and applications Malvino & Leach,Tata Mc Grow Hill, 5' h Ed (2002)

5. Fundamentals of Micro processers and Microcomputers B. Ram, Bhantat RaiPublishers, 6'h Ed (2006)


6 Microprocesser (8085) And its Applications-A. Nagoorkani, RBA Publications (2004)

Digital Logic and Computer Design-M Morris Manno, PHI (1995)

Fundamentals of digital circuits-A. Anadan, PHI (2006)

9. Digital circuits and design- S. Salivahanan & S. Arivazhavan, Vikas Pub. (2003)

CEL1402 OPTICS-III OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION

Module 1Double beam Interferometry-Interference in a plane parallel plate and in a plate of varyingthickness, Fizeau fringes, Mach-Zehnder Interferometer, Sagnac Interferometer,Interferometric measurements of rotation ,Channeled Spectra, Achromatic fringes, Fringesof equal thickness, Fringes of equal inclination, Fringes of equal chromatic order, PholInterferometer. Speed of light and Michelson Morley experiment.

Module 2Multiple beam Interferometry-multiple beam fringes of equal inclination, visibility andIntensity distribution. Fabry Perot Interferometer and Fabry Perot etalon, resolving powerand expression for finesse. Nonreflecting films, Highly reflecting films and Interferencefilters, Broad band reflectors, band pass filters, dichroic beam spliters and cold mirrors.

Wavefront shearing interferometers, Twyman- Green interferometer, Scanning Fabry- PerotInterferometer-central spot scanning, Spherical Fabry-Perot Interferometers, dynamic andstatic wavelength meters.

Module 3Theory of concave grating, Mountings for gratings-various mounting techniques, Gratingspectrographs, resolution and dispersive power of spectrographs, single beam and doublebeam monochromators, UV-VIS-NIR and IR Spectrometers, FT IR Spectrophotometer,Atomic Absorption Spectrophotmeter, Fluorometer.

Module 4Adaptive optics-Wavefront sensor, Guided star systems, MEMS and Deformable mirrorand wavefront corrections, actuators, Adaptive optics and vision optics

Imaging systems-Different types of projectors, LCD projectors, Endoscopes, Head updisplays, 3D projection systems Camera, High speed camera, video cameraRemote sensingand its applications- Radars and LidarsConfocal microscopes, Phase contrast microscopes.

References :

1 Optical interferometry- R Hariharan, Academic press (1985) (Text)

39



n..

2 Optics Eugene Hecht, Pearson Education Inc., 4 th Edition, ( 2004) (Text)

3 Basics of Interferometry - P. Hariharan, Academic Press (1985) (Text)

4 Optical measurement techniques and applications - P. K. Rastogi, Artech House (1997)

5 Principles of Adaptive optics: - R. K. Tyson, Academic press (1998)

6 Wave optics and applications - R. S. Sirohi, Orient Longman, (1993)

7 Geometrical and physical optics- R. S. Longhrust, Orient Longman, 3 rd Edition, (1991)

8 Introduction to optics and optical imaging - C. Scott, S. Chand Co, (1998)

Principles of optics Max Born and Emil Wolf, Cambridge University Press, (1999)

Light Ditch Burn, ELBS, Blackie and Sons, 2 nd Edition, (1963)

Handbook of Optics - Vol I and Vol II - Michael Bags (ED), Mc Graw Hills (1995)

Fundamentals of Optics Jenkins and White, Mc Graw Hill Int.editions, 4th Edition,(1981).

CEL1403 QUANTUM MECHANICS I

Module 1

Quantum aspects of black body radiation, Planck's Law, Photoelectric effect, Einstein'sphotoelectric equation, Compton effect, Bohr atom model, Frank-Hertz experiment, Wilson-Somerfield quantization rule and application to H-atom, Stern-Gerlach experiment, waveaspects of particles, de Broglie hypothesis, Davisson and Germer experiment, Diffractionof electron beam, wave packet, Group velocity and phase velocity, superposition, uncertaintyprinciple, consequerices of uncertainty principle, complementarity principle.

Module 2

Schrodinger wave function, particle in a box, SchrOdinger's equation for a particle subjectedto forces, wave function and its interpretations, probability ,probability current density andcontinuity equation, expectation values, Erhnfest theorem, admissibility conditions of wavefunctions, normalizations of wave functions, box normalization, time dependent and timeindependent SchrOdinger equations, stationary states and super position principle.

Module 3

Postulates of Wave Mechanics, Dynamical variables as operators, Linear operators,Commutator brackets,Dirac's notation, matrix representation of operators, Eigen functionsand Eigen values, Hermition operators and their properties, Orthogonality conditions,Schimidt's orthogonalization procedure, Physical significance of Eigen functions and Eigenvalues, Degeneracy, Simultaneous measurability and general uncertainty relations.

41: INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF PHOTONICS

Module 4Applications of SchrOdinger equation, Linear harmonic oscillator solutions, One dimensionalsquare well potential of finite and infinite depth, Square potential barrier, Quantummechanical tunneling, Alpha decay.

Particle in a spherically symmetric potential, Hamiltonial of two interacting particles, Rigidrotator, Hydrogen atom, Energy Eigen values, Hydrgen wave function, Radial probabilitydensity functions and Hydrogen atom orbitals.

References :

1. Quantum Mechanics G. Aruldhas, Printice Hall India (2004) (Text)

2 Concepts of modern physics Beiser, Tata McGraw Hill (2002) (Text)

3 Quantum mehanics A. Konar, Decca Students Library Publications, 1 St Edition (1988).

Quantum physics-Eisberg and Resnik, John Wiley sons (2002)

Quantum mechanics Mathews and Venketesan, Tata McGraw Hill (2006)

6. Quatum mechanics Singh and Bagde, S. Chand Publishing Company (2002)

Modern physics-Murugesan, S. Chand & Co. ( 2005)

Atomic and molecular physics-C.L. Arora, S. Chand Publishing Company,3rd Edition (2001)

Quantum mechanics B. K. Agarval & Hariprakash, Printice Hall India (2002)

Quantum Mechanics-Thankappan V. K., New Age International, 2 nd edition (2003)

CEL 1404 ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY ANDRELATIVISTIC PHENOMENA

Reading Section : Vector algebra and vector calculus

Module 1Electrostatics: Electric field, Gauss's Law in integral and differential forms, applications ofGuass's law, Scalar potential, Energy of continuous charge distribution, Poisson and Laplaceequations, Boundary conditions and uniqueness theorem, Dielectrics, induces dipoles,polarization and field of a polarized object, Guass's law for dielectric media, Displacementfield, linear dielectric and dielectric constant, energy and forces in dielectric systems.

Module 2Magnetostatics : Magnetic fields & magnetic forces, Bio-Savart law, Amper's law,Applications of Amperes law, Magnetic vector potential, Magnetization, Torque and forceson magnetic dipoles, The field of a magnetized object, Amper's law in magnetized material,Boundary conditions, Magnetic susceptibility and permeability.

Module 3Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, energy and magnetic field, Maxwells equationinn vaccum and dielectric media, Vector and Scalar potentials, gauge transformations-Lorentz and Coulomb gauges, Solutions of Maxwell's equation in vacuum and dielectricmedia, Poyting's theorem, conservation of energy and momentum, Reflection and refractionof EMW at dielectric boundaries, Snell's law, TIR, Brewster's angle.

Module 4Michelson- Morley experiment, Postulates of special theory of relativity, Lorentztransformations, velocity addition, velOcity dependent mass, structure of space-time andMinkowski diagram, Relativistic Mechanics- proper time, proper velocity, Relativisticmomentum and energy, Compton scattering, Magnetism as relativistic phenomenon.

Transformation of fields, the field tensor, four vectors, Maxwell's equation in tensor form.

References :Introduction to electrodynamics-David J. Griffiths, Prentice Hall (1999) (Text)

Electrodynamics J. D. Jackson, John Wiley & Sons (2003) (Text)

Feynman lectures in physics Feynman, Vol 1&2, Narosa Publishing house (2003)

Electricity and Magnetism K. K. Tewari, S. Chand & Company, 3 rd Edition (2005).

Electricity and Magnetism D. N. Vasudeva, S. Chand Publishing Company (2002)

Classical Electrodynamics- P. S. Sen Gupta, New Age International (2000)

Electromagnetic Theory and wave propagation - S. N. Ghosh, Narosa Publishers2nd Ed (2002)

Electromagnetic waves and radiating systems - Jordan E. C. and Balmian, PHI 2dd Ed(1998)

Concepts of modern physics Beiser, Tata McGraw Hill (2002)

Introduction to special theory of relativity, R. Resnick, Wiley india edition (2007)

CEL 1405 MATHEMATICS IV

Module 1

Fourier series, Laplace Transform, Laplace Transform of some simple functions, solving


-42

Differential equations using Laplace Transform. Fourier Transform, Properties of FT,Convolution Theorem, Solving Differential equations using FT.

Module 2Functions of Complex Variables: Analytic functions, power series, Taylor and Laurent series,Contour integration, Cauchy's theorem, Cauchy's Integral formula, Integration involvingbranch cuts and branch points.

Module 3Group Theory: Definition, Examples, properties of a group, Sub Group, Group multiplicationtable, Cyclic Group, Permutation group, Isomorphism and homomorphism of Groups,Cayley's theorem, Conjugate elements and classes, Representation of group, Reducibleand Irreducible representations, Character table, Group of symmetry of an equilateraltriangle and a square.

Module 4Numerical Analysis: Solution of algebraic and Transcendental equations- Newton- Raphsonmethod for single and two variables, solution of systems of non linear equations usingmethod of iteration. Newton's formula for interpolation- forward, backward and centraldifference formula. Numerical differentiation and integration- Trapezoidal rule, Simpson'srule, Double integration using Trapezoidal and Simpson's rules. Initial and Boundary valueproblems: Taylor series and Runge- Kutta method.

References :Mathematics for Physicists and Engineers — G. B. Arfken, Academic Press (2001),(Text)Chemical Applications of Group Theory- F. A. Cotton, Wiley Eastern (1971) (Text formodule III)Mathematical methods in Classical and Quantum Physics- T. Dass & S. K. SharmaComplex Variables- Schaum SeriesElements of Group Theory for Physicits- A. W. Joshi, Wiley Eastern Ltd, 3 rd Edition(1988)Introductory methods of Numerical Analysis- C. S. Sastry Prentice Hall India (2001)(Text)Numerical Methods- P Kandasamy, K Thilagavathy, K. Gunavathy, S Chand & Co (2003)Numerical Methods- Balagurusamy, Tata Mc Grow Hill (2001)Elements of group theory for Physicists, A. W. Joshi, Wiley Eastern Ltd, 3 rd edition,(1988)Churchill - Complex variabl9 theory.


CEL 1406 COMPUTER LAB

Mathematical modelling and simulation

Object Oriented Programming with C++ - Beginning with C++-Tokens, Expressions andControl Structures- Functions in C++- Manipulating Strings- Operator Overloading andType Conversions- Inheritance: Extending Classes- Polymorphism

Simulation and modeling using C++ - basic simulation programs

Awareness on Mat Lab, Mat CAD and Lab VIEW

References :

System simulation with digital computer - Narsingh Deo, Prentice Hall India(2003) (Text) .

Object Oriented Programming With C++, fifth edition by E Balagurusamy (Text)

3. Graph Theory with Applicaations to Engneering and computer science- Narsingh Deo,Prentice Hall India (2003) (Text).

CEL 1407 WORK SHOP

(Engineering drawing Practice to be given)

CEL 1408 SEMINARNIVA


SEMESTER V

CEL 1501 - OPTICS IV APPLIED OPTICS

Module 1Photometry and Radiometry- quantities and units, Colourimetry- chromaticity co-ordinates,UCS chromaticity coordinates, UCS diagrams, RGB colur mixing and colourpurity , colour temperature, CCT, Visual basis of colourimetry, Human eye and colourdeficiency ,colour vision model (Ref 1,9)

•

Module 2Light sources and Standardization of light sourceslncandescent lamps and Fluorescentlamps,- Tungston and halogen lamps, High pressure and low pressure discharge lamps-Sodium , Hyrogen, Mercury, Metal Hailde lamps, Electrodeless discharge lamps-magneticinduction lamps, plasma lamps, sulfur lamps, Broad band LED sources, supercontinuumsources (Ref 1,2)

Module 3Birefringence-Birefringent crystals, polarisers, polarization beam splitters,Wave plates (half-wave, Full-wave and quaterwave ), Compensators and Variable retarders,C ircular polarizers

Optical activity - Dextro and lavo rotatory substances, optical activity in liquids, Half-shadeplate, Laurrents half-shade polarimeter

Optical anisotropy-Index ellipsoid, Stress induced optical effects- E 0 effects(Pockel andKerr effects), M 0 effects, E 0, M 0 materials, A 0 effects- Raman-Nath and Braggscattering, Stress birefringence — Photoelasticity (Ref 3,6,7,5)

Module 4Analysis of Polarization- Mathematical description of polarization, states of polarization,polarization ellipse, special forms, Ellipitical parameters, Stokes polarization parameters,Stokes vectors, Stokes parameters for polarized and unpolalarized light, Stokes IntensityformulaJones and Muller matrix calculus- Matrices for polarizer, retarder,and rotator inboth representations, Neutral density filter, Muller matrix for Depolarizer

Poincare sphere, Representation of polarization states (Ref 4,8,3)

References :1 Handbook of Applied Photometry - C De Cusatis, AIR (1997)

2 Introduction to Soild State Lighting - Zukauskas, Shur, Caska, Wiley (2001)

3 Optics - Eugene Hecht (3rd Edition), Addison Weseli Long inc (1998)


4 Polarized light — Edward Collet, Marcel Decker (1992)

5 Introduction to Optoelectronics- Wilson and Hawkes, PHI, (1996)

6 Wave optics and Applications - R. S. Sirohi, Orient Longmann (2001)

7 Optical Electronics - Thyagarajan and Ghatak, Cambridge University Press (1997)

8 Polarization of light - S. Huard, John Wileyand Sons (1997)

9 Light emitting diodes- E Fred Scheubert, Cambridge University Press (2003)

CEL 1502 - ELECTRONICS IV - ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTATION

Module 1DC deflection instruments-D'Arsonval movement in DC meters- suspension mechanisms-Principle of operation of galvanometers -PMMC-as voltmeter, ammeter & ohmmeters, ACDeflection measurements-electro dynamometer instruments-electro thermic typeinstruments -hotwire ammeters & thermo couple ammeters- rectifier type instruments-fullwave & half wave, digital instruments-resolution and sensitivity in digital meters -digitalvoltmeter (DVM) - ramp & integrating type, Digital Multimeters (DMM), comparisonmeasurements —Basic AC and DC potentiometers- self balancing potentiometers, Displaydevices- Classification of displays- LED, LCD, Nixie tube etc.

Module 2Cathode Ray Oscilloscope : — Basic Principle — CRT features — Block diagrarri ofconventional CRO and, general CRO types-dual beam &dual trace, front panel controls ofCRO-triggered modes & time base generation circuits, General performance parameters-bandwidth, rise time and sensitivity, Special types of CRO — Sampling oscilloscope — Storageoscilloscope-Digital storage Oscilloscope (DSO), CRO measurements-lissajous figures-measurement of phase difference and frequency, Graphic recorders —strip chart recorders&X-Y recorders.

Module 3Tuned amplifiers Chopper stabilized amplifiers, Harmonic distortion in amplifiers .Signalanalysers -Wave analyser —heterodyne & frequency selective, voltage and gain outputmeasurements. Lock in Amplifiers, Spectrum analyser, BOXCAR averagers

Module 4Definition of transducers- classification of transducers - passive transducers: principle ofoperation construction details- characteristics and applications of passive electricaltransducers-strain gauge parameters and types, temperature transducers -resistancethermometers, thermistors, inductive transducers -variable reluctance transducers- LVDT,capacitive transducers- variable air gap type- variable area type — variable permittivitytype, Active transducers-Thermo electric transducers, Piezo electric transducers. Photo


1

46

electric transducers Data converters, DAC and ADC transfer characteristics, conversiontechniques, performance parameters, Voltage to frequency converters.

Micro computers advantages of micro computers, microcomputer interfacing,microcomputers in instrument and system design, serial interfacing standards RS232C,RS422A, IEEE 488 (GPIB)

Basic ideas of 8051 micro controller, peripherals, programming, single board computers(SBCs)

References :

1 Electrical and electronic instruments, G. K. Banerjee, PHI learning Pvt. Ltd. (2012) (Text)

2. Elements of electronic instrumentation and measurement - J J Car, Prentice HallIndia (1986)

3 Electronic Instrumentation- H. S. Kalsi, Tata Mc Graw Hill (2006)

4 Industrial and Solid State Electronics: Devices and Systems - T. J. Maloney, PrenticeHall India (1986)

A course in electrical and electronic measurement and instrumentation A. K. Sawhney,Danapath Rai and Co (2005)

Transducers and Instrumentation P. V. S. Murthy, Prentice Hall India (2003)

CEL 1503 QUANTUM MECHANICS II

Module 1

Position and Momentum representations in Q.M.Time evolution of a system SchrOdingerpicture, Heisenberg picture and interaction picture.Matrix formulation of quantum mechanicsmatrix representations of operators and wave functions, matrix representation of eigenvalueproblem, momentum representation, Dirac bra and ket notations.matrix formulationof linear harmonic oscillator.

Module 2

Solution of linear harmonic oscillator-operator method, coherent states, number operator,density operator, Dirac delta function.Theory of angular momentum, basic commutationrelations of angular momentum operators eigen value and eigen functions of angularmomentum op. L2 , Lz, J2 , Jz.Angular momentum matrices, spin, Pauli spin matrices, additionof angular momenta, identical particles.

Module 3

Time independent perturbation-first order and second order approximation, stark effect,degenerate states, variational method, hydrogen and helium atoms, WKBapproximation.Time dependent perturbation theory-first order approximation, constant and


harmonic perturbation, transition probability, dipole approx., Einstein coefficient, quantizationof EM field,spontaneous and stimulated emission.

Module 4Scattering theory, partial wave analysis, Born Approximation, scattering by hard sphere,square well and coulomb scattering.

Relativistic quantum mechanics- Klein-Gordon equation, plane wave solutions, interpretationof K-G equation, Dirac equation, Dirac matrices, plane wave solution, positron theory, spinof electrons from Dirac theory.

References :Quantum Mechanics G. Aruldhas, Printice Hall India, ( 2004) (Text)

Quantum physics-Ghatak and Lokanathan, McMillian, 5 th Ed (2003) (Text)

3 Quantum mehanics L. I. Schiff, Mc Grow Hill (1968)

Quantum mechanics Mathews and Venketesan, Tata McGraw Hill (2006)

Quatum mechanics Singh and Bagde, S. Chand Publishing Company (2002)

Quantum mechanics B. K. Agarval & Hariprakash, Printice Hall India (2002)

Modern Quantum Mechanics- J. J. Sakurai,Pearson Education, Revised Ed (2003)

Modern Physics- Beiser, Tata Mc Graw Hill, (2002)

Quantum Mechanics-Thankappan V. K., New Age International (P) Ltd, 2 nd edition

(2003)

CEL 1504 MATERIAL SCIENCE

Module 1Crystal symmetry and crystal systems: translational vectors and lattices, unit cell, Millerindices, symmetry operations, reciprocal lattices, hexagonal close packed structure, NaCI,CsCI, diamond and ZnS structures, X-ray diffraction and Bragg's law, Powder diffraction,different types of bonding in crystals, Vandervaal's, ionic, covalent and hydrogen bonds.

Module 2Lattice vibrations: phonons, phonon spectra of monatomic and diatomic linear lattices,scattering of phonons by neutrons, experimental techniques to get phonon spectra, latticeheat capacity, Einstein's Model, Debye's Model.

Module 3Band theory of solids: density of states, Fermi level, origin of bands, Bloch theorem, Kronig-Penny model, classification of materials based on band gap, electrical conduction in metals


48


and semiconductors, effect of doping on Fermi level in semiconductors, Materialcharacterisation using SEM, TEM and AFM.

Module 4Dielectric properties of solids: polarisability, local electric field of an atom, ferroelectriccrystals, Clausius Mosotti relation, Lorentz – Lorenz formula, Curie-Weiss Law,magneticproperties of solids, dia, para and ferro magnetism, Langevin's theory of diamagnetismand paramagnetism, ferromagnetic domains, hysterisis, BH curve, adiabatic

demagnetization.

References :

Solid State Physics – C. Kittel, 7th edition, John Wiley (2004) (Text)

Introduction to Solids – Azaroff, Tata McGraw Hill (1977)

Text Book of Solid State Physics - S. 0. Pillai, New age International (2002)

Problems in Solid State Physics - S. 0. Pillai,New age International (2003)

Solid State Physics- A. J. Dekker, MacMillian India Ltd (2005)

Solid State Physics- M. A.Wahab, 2nd edition, Narosa Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. (2005)

7. Solid State Physics, N. W. Ashcroft, N David Mermin, Harcourt, (1976)

CEL 1505 MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY

Module 1

Microwave spectra of molecules: Rotational energy levels of rigid and non rigid diatomicmolecules, Rotational term values, Pure rotational spectra of diatomic molecules, Effect of

isotopic substitution on spectra.Polyatomic molecules: Linear and symmetric top, Microwave spectrometer, Evaluation ofmolecular constants, Diatomic vibrating rotator, Vibrational term values, Evaluation ofvibrational constants of diatomic molecules.

IR spectroscopy : Pure vibration spectrum of diatomic molecules, SHO and anharmonicoscillator, Interaction of rotation and vibration, Breakdown of Born- Oppenheimer

approximation.

Module 2Vibration of polyatomic molecules: Modes of vibration of linear tri atomic and non-linear triatomic molecules with special reference to CO 2 and H2O. Linear and symmetric top—

Analysis by IR spectroscopy. Experimental techniques of IR spectroscopy.

Group theoretical applications in molecular spectroscopy with special reference to molecules

like water


Raman spectroscopy: Classical and quantum theory of Raman effect, Stokes and anti-stokes Raman lines, Pure rotational Raman spectra, Linear, symmetric top and sphericaltopmolecules, Vibrational Raman Spectra, Complemetary nature of IR and Raman Spectra,Structure determination from Raman and IR spectra, Experimental techniques andinstrumentation. Laser Raman Spectroscopy, SRS, CARS and PARS, SERS

Module 3

Electronic spectroscopy: Electronic spectra of diatomic molecules, Vibrational coarsestructure, progressions and sequences, Deslander's table, isotope effect, Frank-Condonprinciple, Intensity distribution in absorption and emission spectra, Dissociation andpredissociation, Evaluation of dissociation energy, Rotational fine structure of electronicspectra—F', Q, R branches, Band head formation, Band shading, Fortrat parabola, Basicideas of experimental techniques.

Module 4

Spin resonance spectroscopy : Spin and applied field- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance –Theory, Experimental techniques, Relaxation, Chemical shift, Medical applications. ESR:Theory and experimental echniques, g – factor, Hyperfine structure.

Mossbauer's spectroscopy: Mossbauer's effect, theory and experimental techniques,Isomer shift.

References :

Molecular spectroscopy- Banwell, Tata Mc Graw Hill, 4 th edition 1995 (Text)

Molecular spectroscopy- G. Aruldhas, Orient Longman 2001 (Text)

Quantum Physics- Eisberg and Resnik, John Wiley Sons 2002.

Spectroscopy- Stroghen & Walker Vol 2, John Wiley Sons NY 1976

Elements of spectroscopy- Gupta Kumar and Sharma, Pragathi Prakashan Meerut,6 th edition 1983.

Atomic and Molecular spectroscopy- C. L. Arora, S. Chand publishing company3 rd edition 2001.

Spectra of diatomic molecules- G. Herzberg, Dover Publishers (1983)

Laser spectroscopy and applications, Leon J. Radzeemski, Marcel Dekkar (1987)

9. Chemical Applications of Group Theory- F. A. Cotton, Wiley Eastern (1971)

CEL 1506 LAB/ VIVA

CEL 1507 SEMINAR


SEMESTER VI

CEL 1601 PHOTONICS I - OPTOELECTRONICS

Module 1

Electronic properties of semi-conductors- Band formation, Modification of band structuresby hetrodyning, alloying, strain. Effect of temperature and pressure on band gapSemiconductor statistics and energy distribution. Density of states-Density of carriers inintrinsic and exintrinsic semiconductors- carrier concentration Conduction processes insemiconductors- electron-hole pair formation and recombination, Doping - carrier transportand diffussion, consequences of heavy doping and bandtail formation Optical propertiesof semiconductors- Radiative and non-radiative recombination, band to band recombination,exciton absorption, donor- accecptor and impurity band absoption, longwavelengthabsoption, Relation between absorption and emission —stokes shift in optical transitions,near band gap transitions, Deep level transitions, Auger recombination

Module 2

Junction Theory-PN junction- current density across junctions, injection efficiency, Quasi-fermi level and high level injection, graded junctions- hetrojunction, double hetojunctionquantum well and quantum dots, superlattices.

Basics of all solid state lamps- LED materials and device configurations, efficiency, highbrightness LEDs, light extraction from LEDs, DBR, LED structures- SH, DH, SQW,MQW-device performance characteristics

White solid state lamps-generation of white light and applications.

Module 3

Opto-electronic detectors-Thermal detectors, Photoconductive detectors - junctionphotodoides, P-I-N photodetector- quantum effiency and frequency response, Siliconphotodiodes- performance characteristics APD- design issues and band width,Phototransistors, Modulated barrier photodiodes, Schottky barrier PD, Metal Semiconductorphotodetectors, MSM PD, Detectors for longwavelength operation, Microcavity PD Solarcells- I-V characteristics and spectral response, Materials and design considerations ofsolar cells

Module 4

Display devices- PL, EL, CL displays, displays based on LED, Plasma panel and LCDOptoelectronics modulation —Analog and Digital modulation, Optical hetrodyning andelectro-optic measurements, fibre coupling, EO,AO, and MO based switching devicesand modulators, SEED

52INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF PHOTON/CS

References :

Semiconductor optoelectronic devices- Pallab Bhattachraya, PHI, ISBN-978-81203-2047-5 (2009) (Text)

Semi conductor optoelectronics- Jasprit singh, Tata Mc Graw Hill (1995) (Text)

Semiconductor physics and optoelectronics- V. Rajendren, J. Hemaletha, M. StalinMaccolin, Vikas Publishers Delhi (2004), ISBN, 81-259-1448-X

An introduction to Optoelectronics- Wilson and Hawkes, PHI, (1996)

Light Emitting Diodes- E. Fred Scheubert, Cambridge University Press, (2003)

Sold State Lighting- Zukaszukasu, John Wiley Sons, NY (2002)

Optoelectronic devices and systems — S. C. Gupta, PHI, (2005)

Solid state Electronic devices- Ben G Streetmann and Sanjay Banerjee, PHI (2003)5th Edition, ISBN-81-203-1840-4

Introduction to Semi conductor Materials and Devices- M. S.Thyagi, John Wiley Sons,NY, (2003)

Physics of semiconductor devices- S. M. Sze John Wiley Eastern 2 nd Edition,(2002) ISBN-9971-51-266-1

CEL1602 PHOTONICS II - FIBRE OPTICS

Module 1

Optical waveguides, numerical aperture, Modes in planar waveguides, Goos-Hanscheneffect, evanescent field. Cylindrical fibres. Step index and graded index fibres, single modeand multimode fibres, cut of wavelengths, Integrated Optics, channel waveguides, electrooptic waveguides, i/p and o/p couplers, e-o and m -o modulators applications of integratedoptics - lenses, grating, spectrum analysers.

Module 2

Transmission characteristics of optical fibre, attenuation, absorption and scattering losses,nonlinear losses, wavelengths for communication, bend losses, dispersion effects in opticalfibres- material and waveguide dispersions, modal birefringence and polarizationmaintaining fibres.

Module 3

Optical fibre measurements - Attenuation, loss dispersion band width, refractive indexprofile. OTDR. testing of optical fibre systems, eye pattern techniques.

Fabrication and characterization of Polymer fibres and holey fibres. Erbium doped fibres.

Module 4Fibre optic sensors - Intensity modulation and interference type sensors, intrinsic: andextrinsic fibres. Polarisation modulation type sensors. Sagniac and fibre gyro, temperature,pressure, force and chemical sensors.

Fibre components - couplers, connectors, Packaging, Splicers, Cable, Fiber joints, fiberpolishing, Industrial, medical and technological applications of optical fibre.

ReferencesOptical Fibre communication - J. M. Senior. Prentice Hall India (1994) (Text)

Optical Fibre communication systems - J. Gowar, Prentice Hall India (1995)

Fibre optic communication - J. Palais, Prentice Hall India (1988)

Fundamentals of Fibre Optic Telecommunication -B. P. Pal., Wiley Eastern (1994)

Integrated Optics - R. G. Husperger. Springer Verlag, (1998)

Fundamentals of Fibre Optics-B. P. Pal, Wiley Eastern, (1994)

Understanding Fiber optics- J. Hecht, Pearson Edu. Inc (2006)

An introduction to Fiber Optics, Ghatak and Thyagarajan, Cambridge University Press1998.

CEL 1603 PHOTONICS III - LASER PHYSICS

Module 1Radiative transitions and emission Iinewidths Radiative decay of excited states,Spontaneous emission, decay rate, transition probability, spectral linewidths, spectral lineshapes and various line broadening mechanisms, homogeneous and inhomogeneousbroadening.

Radiation and thermal equilibrium: Radiation in a cavity, Modes of oscillation, Rayleigh-Jeans and Planck's radiation formula, field quantization, relationship between cavityradiation and blackbody radiation, Absorption and Stimulated emission, Einstein's A andB coefficients.

Module 2Conditions for producing a Laser : Absorption and gain of homogeneously broadenedradiative transition, gain coefficient and stimulated emission cross section for homogeneousand inhomogeneous bradening.

Necessary and sufficient conditions for laser action: Population inversion (necessarycondition), saturation intensity (sufficient condition), Development and growth of a laserbeam, shape or geometry of amplifying medium, exponential growth factor (gain), thresholdrequirements for a laser with and without cavity.


Laser Oscillation above threshold: Laser gain saturation, Laser beam growth beyondthe saturation intensity,Optimization of laser output power, laser output fluctuations- laserspiking, relaxation oscillations. Laser amplifiers (Elementary ideas only).

Module 3Requirements for obtaining population inversions : Inversions and two level systems,rate equations for three and four level systems, pumping mechanisms.

Laser cavity modes: Longitudinal laser cavity modes, FP resonator, transverse lasercavity modes, Properties of laser modes - spectral and spatial hole burning

Stable laser resonators: Stable curved mirror cavities, ABCD Matrices, cavity stabilitycriteria, unstable and ring resonators.

Module 40-switching: Theory, giant pulses, methods of producing 0-switching within a laser cavity,gain switching.

Mode locking : Theory,pico second optical pulses, techniques for producing mode-locking,

Pulse shortening techniques: Generation of ultra short optical pulses, Self phasemodulation, pulse compression (shortening) with gratings or prisms, femto second opticalpulses and techniques to characterize femto second pulses.

Properties of laser beams and techniques to characterize laser beam, Semi classicaltheory of lasers, polarization in the medium, first order theory.

References :

Laser fundamentals- W. T. Silfvast, 2 nd edition, Cambridge University Press 2004.(Text).

Principles of Lasers- 0. S. velto and D. C. Hanna, 4 th edition 1998.

Lasers- Theory and application- Ghatak and Thyagarajan, Mc Milian 2002. (Text)

Lasers-Peter W. Milonni, Joseph H .Eberly, John Wiley and Sons (1988)

CEL 1604 PROJECTNIVA

CEL 1605 - LABNIVA



SEMESTER VII

CEL 2701 ADVANCED SOLID STATE THEORY

Reading Section - Crystal structures, X-ray crystallography

Module 1Free electrons in metals: ground state of free electron gas, heat capacity of free electrongas, transport properties of conduction electrons, Wiedemall-Franz law and temperaturedependence of electrical and thermal conductivities, Hall effect, energy band structure,Bloch's theorem, nearly free electron model, tight binding approach, waves in crystals,normal modes, dispersion relations, Scattering of electrons and neutrons from solids:neutron scattering and phonon spectra, electron scattering, Metals: Fermi surfaces, densityof states.

Module 2Magnetism (Quantum View): para, dia, ferro and ferri magnetism, Weiss molecular field,Neel model of anti ferromagnetism, spin wave, dielectrics, polarization due to relative motionof electrons and nuclei, Landau model, piezo, pyro and ferrelectric materials.

Module 3Superconductivity: types of superconductors, Meissner effect, isotope effect, BCS theory,applications type I and type II, London equation, theory of superconductivity, BCS theory,Cooper problem and origin of attractive interaction, superconducting ground state, orderparameter, flux quantization, Josephson effects, SQUID, high temperature super conductors,applications.

Module 4Optical processes in semi conductors: electron hole pair formation and recombination,absorption in semi conductors, donor and acceptor impurity bands, oscillator strength ofband-to-band transition, Franz-Keldysh and Stark effects, Kramer- Kronig relations,luminescence emission from semi conductors.Low dimensional structures: quantum wellsand quantum dots, creation and structure of quantum dots, single particle states of quantumdots, selection rules for intraband transitions, intra and interband transitions,photoluminescence and absorption spectra, self assembled quantum dots, quantum dotsin magnetic field, exciton in quantum dot.

References :Solid state Physics - J. L. Hook and H E Hall, John Wiley and Sons, second ed. (1993)(Text)

Semiconductor Optoelectronics - Pallab Bhatacharya, Prentice Hall, second ed.(2002) (Text for module IV)

55:

Quantum dots - L. Jacak, P. Hawrylak, A. Wojs, Springer Ver;ag (1998) (Text formodule IV)

Solid State Physics - C. Kittel, 7 th edition, John Wiley (2004) (Text)

Solid State Physics- A. J. Dekker, MacMillian India Ltd. (2005)

Solid State Physics- M. A. Wahab,2nd edition,Narosa Publishing House Pvt. Ltd (2005).

7. Solid state Physics-N. W. Ashcroft and N. David Mermin, Harcourt (1976)

CEL 2702 LASER SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS

Module 1Classification of lasers- two level, three level and four level laser systems Laser systemsinvolving low density media- He-Ne laser, Ar -ion laser, Kr- ion laser, He-Cd laser, Coppervapour laser, CO 2 laser, N 2 laser, Excimer laser, X-ray laser, FEL laser

Laser systems involving high gain media — Dye lasers, Solid state lasers :- Ruby laser, Nd-YAG laser, Nd-glass laser, Pico and Femto second lasers- Alexandrite laser. Ti-Sapphirelaser and fiber laser

Laser diode- Thresold current and power output, Semiconductor lasers- hetrojunction lasers,Quantum well lasers, DFB laser, Surface emitting lasers, Rare-rarth doped lasers (Ref 1)

Module 2Industrial applications of lasers- laser absorption in metals, semi-conductors, insulatorsLaser welding, laser surface treatments, laser-induced material removal- cutting, scribing,marking etc.

Laser generated plasma, optical fibre splicing, laser deposition of thin films (Ref 2, 3)

Module 3Lasers in chemistry- laser isotope separation, laser induced chemical reactions- IRphotochemistry. Ulrafast processes in Bio-molecules-monitouring fast chemical reactions,study of photochemical processes and stimulation photochemical reactions Lasers inmedicine - Photo dynamic therapy, laser angioplasty, lasers in surgery, Laser DisplaysFluorescence spectroscopy, energy transfer, sensitization and quenching phenomena.Fluorescence of dyes and rare earth ions (Ref 2,3,14,15)

Module 4

Holography and Speckle Interferometry- Hologram recording and reconstruction, thin andthick holograms, applications of holography in NDT and pattern recognition, Principles ofSpeckle interferometry and its application to Non Destructive Testing Other applicationsof lasers- pollution monitoring, LIDAR, laser gyros, laser induced fusion, CD ROM,



Laser cooling and trapping of atoms- magnetic and optical traps, optical molasses

Lasers in computing- optical logic gates (Ref 4,8,9,10,11,13)

References :Laser fundamentals- Willium T. Silfvast, Cambridge University Press, SecondEdition (1995) (Text)

Laser processesing and Analysis of materials- W. W. Duley, Plenum Press (1983) (Text)

Industrial applications of lasers- John F. Ready, Accademic Press, USA (secondEdition), ISBN 0-12-583961-8 (1997) (Text)

Lasers, Principles, Types and Applications- K. R. Nambiar, New Age InternationalDelhi (2004), (Text )

Laser picosecond Spectroscopy and photochemistry of Biomolecules, V. S. Letokhov,Adam Hilger, ISBN 0-85274-469-2, Bristal and Philadelphia (1987)

Lasers and Non-linear optics — B. B. Laud, Wiley Eastern 3 rd Edition (2004)

Fundamentals of Photonics- B. E. Salch, M. Teich, John Wiley Sons 2nd Edition (2007)

Optical Holography- P. Hariharan, Cambridge University Press, 2 nd Edition (1996)

Lasers in Medicine — H. K. K. Cobener, Wiley Sons

Laser Cooling and Trapping - H. J. Metcalfe and P. Van der Staten, Springer Verlag

Optical computing — D. G. Beitelson, MIT Press, (2000)

Laser processessing and chemistry- Dieter Bauerde, springer Verlag, 2 nd Edition (1995)

Wave Optics and its applications, R. S. Sirohi, Orient Longmann (2001)

Spectroscopy, Luminescence and radiation centre in minerals-A S Marfunin, SpringerVerlag, NY (1997)

15. Luminescence in solids-DRVij, Plenum Press, New York (1998)

CEL 2703 LAB I - ELECTRONICS

CEL 2704 LAB II - PHOTONICS LAB

CEL 2705 SEMINAR /VIVA

CEL 2EX1 ELECTIVE I ( from the list)

CEL 2EX2 ELECTIVE II ( from the list)

57


SEMESTER VIII

CEL 2801 NON LINEAR OPTICS

Reading section : Maxwells equations, Pointing Vector, propagation of EMW in conductingand non conducting media, boundary conditions and snell s law.

Module 1Non-linear polarization, non-linear wave mixing, physical origin of non-linear opticalcoefficients, susceptibility tensors, propagation of EMW through 2nd order nonlinear media,OSHG, second order non-linear materials, phase matching conditions OPA and OPOfrequency conversion- basic equations, backward wave parametric amplification andoscillation in three wave mixing.

Module 2Third order non-linearity- third order suscesceptibility tensor, Degenerate four wave mixing,Phase conjugate optics- properties of phase conjugate light, Distortion correction theorem,Generation of phase conjugate light, FWM in optical Kerr media, coupled mode formulation,Experiments involving OPC- resonators with OPC mirror, Imaging through distortingmedium, Image processing through FWM.

Module 3Two photon Absorption, Experimental set up to detect TPA, SRS-Quantum mechanicaldescription of Raman scattering, Raman crossection and gain, SRS described by non-linear polarization, Stimulated Brillouion process, Antistokes Raman Scattering, CARS-FWM Self action effects- intensity dependent refractive index Maxwell — Bloch equation,self-induced transparency- pulse area theorem, self focusing-Threshold condition conditionsfor self focussing

Module 4Non-linear absorption- single beam TPA, TPA assisted ESA, Multiphoton absorption,Applications of N L absorption-, MUltiphoton spectroscopy, saturable and reverse saturableabsorbers, optical limiting- Z-scan- theory of closed aperture and open aperture Z- scan.Non-linear Fabry perot- etalon, NLF as a computing element, Optical Bistability- Absorptiveand dispersive bistability, Optical logic gates.

References :

Hand book of Non-linear optics-Richard L Sutherland, (Second Edition), Marcel DekkerInc, (2003) (Text)

Non-linear optics- Robert W Boyd, Accademic Press, Elsevier, Inc (Third Edition)(2008), (Text)

3. Photonics, Elementals and Devices- V. V. Rampal, Wheeler Publishing (1992)

Lasers and Non —linear optics- B. B. Laud, Wiley Eastern 3° Edition, (2004)

Optical Electronics in modern Communications (5 th Edition), A .Yariv, Oxford UniversityPress, (1997)

Non-Linear Optics- Shen, John Wiley Sons (1991)

Non-linear Fibre Optics- Govind P. Agarwal, Accademic Press, 3rd Edition (1989)

Quantum Electronics- A. Yariv, John Wiley Sons (1975)

Fundamentals of Photonics, B. .E A. Salch, M. C. Teich, John Wiley Sons, 2 nd edition(2007)

Physics of nonlinear optics-Guang S. He . and Song H. Lie, world scientific, London(1999)

Photonics -Linear and nonlinear interactions of laser light and matter-Ralf Menzel,Springer Verlag (2004)

CEL 2802 DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING ANDOPTICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

Module 1

Characteristics of signals : unit step function, impulse, ramp functions, frequency spectumof periodic wave functions.

Discrete time signals, LTI systems, transfer functions and impulse response function,convolution theorem- stability consideration, properties of discrete time systems, differenceand differential equation representation, concept of causality and stability, recursive &non- recursive systems-realization structures.

Module 2

sampling and digitization, Nyquist theorem, Reconstruction of signal, Aliasing, Quantisation

Z transform and its properties, inverse Z transform, Discrete FT and its properties, FFT,decimation in time and frequency.

Two dimensional Z-transform, Digital fillers, IIR and FIR filters, design considerations-Realisation of FIR & IIR filters- comparison of FIR & IIR filters.

Module 3

Fresnel Transform, Hilbert, Radon and Mellin transforms, Two dimensional FourierTransform, convolution and correlation. Effect of lens on wavefront. FT properly of lens,OTF. Time and space integrating architecture, spectrum analysis, Vanderlugt filter.

Module 4

Image spatial filtering. SLMs AO. MO, EO and LC based SLMs, Optical numerical


Iprocessing. Simple - arithmatic evaluation of polynomials. Optical implementation of matrixvector multiplication, double integration, partial differential equations.

References :

An introduction to analog and digital communication- Simon Haykin. John Wiley, (1994).

Modern digital and analog communication systems Lathi B P, CULT Oxford, (1998).

Signal processing using optics- B. G. Boone,Oxford Univ Press, (2000) (Text).

Optical computing-D. G. Feitelson., MIT Press, (2001).

Digital image processing- B. Jahane, Springer verlag, (1997).

The Fourier Transform And its Applications to Optics-P M Duffieux, John Wiley Sons2nd Ed, (1983)

Contemperory optics- Thygarajan & Ghatak, Mac Millian India, (1981)

Digital signal processing-Proakis J. G. Manolakis, Prentice Hall of India, 3rd

edition (2002) (Text)

Digital signal processing —R Ramesh Babu, e edition, Scitech publications (2008)

Discrete time signal processing, Oppenheim Schafer, second edition, Prentice HallIndia (2001)

Signals and systems-Oppenheim, 2nd edition, Prentice Hall of India (1998)

Digital signal processing-A. Nagoor Kani, RBA publications

CEL 2803 LAB -1 ELECTRONICS

CEL 2804 LAB- II PHOTONICS

CEL 2805 SEMINAR /VIVA

CEL 2EX3- Elective III, 2EX4 - Elective IV(From the list)


SEMESTER IX

CEL 2901 OPTICAL COMMUNICATION

Module 1Evolution of Optical Communication, Evolution of fiber types, guiding properties of fibers,crosstalk between fibers, dispersion properties of fibers, nonlinear properties of opticalfibers, SRS, SBS, Intensity dependent refractive index. Characterization of materials forfibers, fiber perform preparation, fiber drawing, Optical cable design, cable structures,connectors, splicing.

Module 2Optical sources- LED, structures, materials, quantum efficiency, power, modulation-LaserDiode, Modes and threshold conditions, laser diode rate equations, external quantumefficiency, resonant frequencies, laser diode structures and radiation patterns, single modelasers, modulation of laser diodes, temperature effects.

Module 3Photodetectors, photodetector noise, signal to noise ratio, optical receiver operation, errorsources, receiver configuration, digital receiver performance calculations, pre amplifiertypes, High impedance and Trans impedance amplifiers, analog receivers.

Module 4Digital transmission systems, Point to point links, link power budget, rise time budget, linecoding, coherent systems, heterodyne and homodyne detection, WDM concepts andcomponents, operational principle of WDM, Optical Amplifiers, semiconductor opticalamplifiers, Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers, Gain and Power Conversion Efficiency, Solitoncommunication, basic principle, Optical Network, Network topologies, Basic ideas of SONETand SDH networks, RF over fiber.

Rferences :

Optical Fiber Communications Principles and Practices- J. M. Senior, Prentice HallIndia (1994) (Text)

Optical Fiber Communications — Gerd Keiser, 4 th Ed (2006) (Text)

Optical Networks: A Practical Perspective- Kumar N. Sivarajan, Rajeev Ramaswami

Optical Fiber Communication- J. Palais, Prentice Hall International, (1988)

CEL 2902 LAB I FIBRE OPTICS LABCEL 2903 LAB - II PHOTONICS LAB

61 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF PHOTON/CS

CEL 2904 SEMINAR /VIVACEL 2EX5 Elective V (From the list)

CEL 2EX6 - Elective VI (From the list)CEL 2EX7 Elective VII (From the list)

ELECTIVES

(CEL 2Ex will be offered as electives during VII, VIII and IX semesters)

CEL 2E 01 NETWORK ANALYSIS ANDCOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Module I

Basic ciruit concepts-Kerchoffs law, Classification of circuits,T and D networks, Networktheorems and applications in circuit analysis, Loop variable and node variable analysis —Laplace transform of impulse and sinusoidal waveforms for RL, LC and RLC circuitsReciprocity and Substitution theorems. Transients in linear ciruits- R L & R C.

Module 2

Two port networks, open circuit impedance and short circuit admittance parameters,Transmission parameters, Hybrid parameters and their inter relations Laplace transformanalyses of simple network, partial fraction expansion, initial and final value theorems,convolution integrals. Network functions, complex frequency, impedance and admittancebetween transfer function and impulse response and their use in network analysis, zeroplot.

Module 3

Introduction to positive real functions, network functions, network synthesis - synthesis ofpassive one port network, LC, RC, RL network, Foster and Causer methods

Modulation techniques- amplitude modulation and demodulation, frequency devisionmultiplexing, frequency modulation and demodulation. FM Radio, stereophonic FMbroadcasting, Television, B/Wand colour Transmission and reception.

Module 4

Principles of AM- SSB, DSB,VSB. FM and PM — Direct and indirect modulation.

Digital modulation-sampling, quantization, coding, aliasing parameter

PCM, DPCM, DM, ADM. Carrier modulation-Ask, FSK, PSK, QPSK, BPSK

Multiplexing-TDM, FDM, WDM


References :Principle of network synthesis - Van Vakenberg, Wiley (1960)

Basic circuit theory - Desor and Kuo. Me. Gtaw Hill (1969)

Network analysis - Van Valkenberg, Prentice Hall India, 3 rd Ed (2004)

Network lines and fields Ryder, Prentice Hall India, 2 nd Ed (2003)

An introduction to digital and analog communication - Simon Haykin, John Wiley,(1994)Principles of communication systems - Taub. H and Schilling, Tata McGraw Hill, 2nd

edition, (1991)

Modern digital and analog communication systems- CULT OXFORD (1998)

Network Analysis-G. K. Mithal, Khana Publisherse Ed (1997) (Text)

Electronic Communication Systems- Kennely $ & Davis,TataGraw Hill 4th Ed (1999)(Text)Monochrome & Colour Television- R. R. Guletc, New Age International (2004)

CEL 2E 02 DISCRETE MATHEMATICS AND WAVELET THEORY

Module 1Introduction to Discrete mathematics, notions and notations, functions - definition,

construction, properties, construction techniques, inductively defined sets, languageconstruction Equivalence relations, inductive proof, optimal algorithm, solving recurrences,comparing rates of growth.

Module 2Elementary logic- Prepositional Calculus, formal reasoning system, predictive- logic, firstorder predictive calculus, equivalent formulae.

Applied logic, equality, programme correctness, higher order logic, computational logic,abstract data types and algebras, computational algebra.

Module 3Wavelet theory - one-dimensional wavelet systems, scaling equations, orthonormal waveletsystems.

Module 4Wavelet image compression, wavelet filter design, wavelet channel coding and digitalmodulation techniques.

63


References :

Discrete Mathematics - Hein James L. Jones and Burlett Publishers Inc. (1998) (Text)

Wavelet analysis - H. L. Resnikoff and R. 0. Wells, Springer verlag (1998) (Text)

Foundations of Discrete Mathematics - Joshi K. D., Wiley Eastern. (1989)

Wavelets and allied topics - P. K. Jain Mhaskar. Krishna. Narosa (2001)

CEL 2E 03 OPTICAL SENSOR TECHNOLOGY

Module 1

Light beam as a sensing tool- simple optical sensors- single and double optic sensors-measurements of small displacements- radius of curvature-lamp and scale arrangement-angle of rotation - speed of rotation - stroboscope, method of Triangulation, projectedfringe technique, lidar for atmospheric remote sensing. lidar equation.

Module 2

Interferometry for precision measurements, two-beam interferometry, Michelsoninterferometer, fringe displacement and fringe counting, heterodyne interferometer; superheterodyne interferometry. electron speckle pattern interferometry photoelasticmeasurements. Moire technique.

Module 3

Optical fibre sensors - general features- types of OFS- intrinsic and extrinsic sensors,shutter based multimode OFS simple fibre based sensors for displacement, temperatureand pressure measurements- reflective FOS and applications, Fibre Bragg grating basedsensors.

Light transmission in microbend fibres- microbend OFS- measurements with microbendsensors- evanescent wave phenomenon- evanescent wave FOS- chemical sensors usingEWFOS- distributed sensing with FOS- OTDR and applications, FO smart sensing.

Module 4

Interferometric FOS- basic principles- interferometric configurations- Mach-Zender,Michelson and Fabri-Perot configurations- component, and construction of interferometicFOS- applications of interometric FOS- Sagnac interferometer- fibre gyro, OTDR andApplications.

References :

Optical measurement techniques and applications- P. K. Rastogi. Artech House (1997)(Text)

Fibre Optics principles and applications - B. D. Gupta, NIPA (2006)

n


64

3 Fundamentals of Fibre Optics in Telecommunications and Sensor Systems- B. P. Pal,Wiley Eastern (1994)

4. Optics - Ajoy Ghatak, Tata Mc Graw Hill, 3 rd Ed (2005)

5 Lasers, Theory and Applications - Ghatak & Thyagarajan, Mcmillan India Ltd.

(2002)Optical Fibre sensors, components and subsystems Vol. 3- Brain Culshaw and JohnDakin, Artech House Inc. (1996)

Optoelectrinic Devices and Systems- S. C. Gupta, PHI (2005)

CEL 2E 04 ADVANCED ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY

Module 1Guided Waves- TE TM & TEM Waves -attenuation, Wave impedence, Rectangular waveguides, impedence and Q-factor of wave guides, power handling cavity,TE $ TM in circularwaveguides attenuation.

Module 2Transmission Lines-Lossy transmission line, Lossless transmission line, characteristics,striop lines, microstrip lines, properties of substrates.

Module 3Anntenna- Antenna structure, radition pattern, gain beam width, minor lobes, Travellingwave antenna, Directional properties of dipole antenna. Polarization, Thermal impedence

Loss, SNR.

Module 4Antenna arrays- Linear array, Binomial array, Antenna synthesis, Superdirectivearrays,arrays of two isotropic point sources, pattern multiplication, horn antennas, parabolicreflectors., Planar antenna

References :Electromagnetic waves and radiating systems- Jordan E. C. and Balmian, PHI 2 nd Ed

(1998) (Text)

Antenns- Krauss J. D.,Mc Graw Hill (1995)

Introduction to Electromagnetism- Paul C. A. and Nassar S. A., Mc Graw Hill (1987)

Microstrip Antennas- Bohl and Bhatia, Artech House (1980)


CEL 2E 05 OPTICAL COMPUTINGModule 1

Analog optical processing. Linear Optical processing. Spatial filtering using binary filters,inverse filtering. Analog optical arithmetic- nonlinear optical processing, arithmetic operation.

Module 2

Recognition using analog optical systems, matched niter, joint transform correlation,amplitude modulated recognition Tiller. Digital optical computing, nonlinear devices,integrated optical devices. SLM

Module 3

Shadow costing and symbolic substitution, design algorithm of shadow casting system,polarization encoded optical shadow tailing (POSC). POSC processing, symbolicsubstitution and optical implementation.

Module 4

Optical implementation of memory, holographic and wave guide optical interconnectionsOptical Computing devices- Nonlinear Fabry -Perot etalon. Optical transistor, thresholdlogic devices, devices using threshold logic gale components, optical computer.

References

Optical computing-an introduction - M. A. Karim. AAS Awwal, John Wiley, (1992) (Text)

Signal processing using optics- B. G. Boone. Oxford Univ Press, (2000)

Optical computing-D. G. Feitelson. MIT Press, 2001 ( Text)

Optical computing Digital and Symboles Arathoon, Macel Deccker N Y (1989)

CEL 2E 06 MICROWAVE PHOTONICSModule 1

General performance consideration of transmission lines-coaxial cables, wave guides.microstrip, stripline, optical fibre, comparison of losses. Radio frequency beam forming.scanning techniques, circuit beam formers, imaging reflector antennas, RF electronic beamsteering techniques for optical fibres.

Module 2

Phased array antennas. AO lime delays for phased array antennas, delay line, lime delaysarrangements for phased array antennas, experimental results, two dimensional arrayantennas, beam steering.

Module 3

Optically controlled beam scanning, phase shifters, injection locking, beam Steering usingsubharmonic injection locking, inter junction locking method, unilateral injection locking.

INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF PHOTON/CS 66


Module 4Binary optical delay lines, fibre optical delay lines, square root cascade delay lines, hackground binary fibre optical delay line, architecture and design of BIFODEL.

Optical beam steering of antennas using lasers, Optically controlled array, image mask,fibre optic shulter switch, signal lo noise ratio and laser out put. radiation pattern andreduction in side lobe level, photonic crystals (or microwave application).

Tea Antenna design with fibre optics- A Kumar, Artech House (1996).

References :Coplanar waveguides, circuit, components and systems- E J Simons, Wiley (2001)(Text)

Integrated optics,circuits-E. J. Murphy., Marcel Dekker Inc. (1999)

3. Photonics crystals - S. G. Johnson, J. D. Joannopoulos; Kluver Pub (2002)

CEL 2E 07 ATOM OPTICS

Module 1Linear Atom Optics- Light forces on atoms. atomic cooling. Doppler and Sisyphus cooling.Evaporative cooling. Atomic beam collimation and focusing, channeling by standing Waves.Evanescent Held mirrors, focused laser beam mirrors.

Module 2Atomic diffraction - Ramn-Nath and Bragg regime, grilling and interferometers, Atomictraps and cavities magneto optic. magnetic and optical traps. atomic waveguides.

Quantum atom optics- matter wave coherence, Bose Einstein Condensation, experimentsin alkali vapours, atom lasers, matters wave Solitons.

Module 3Nonlinear wave mixing- Atomic four wave mixing, mixing of optical and mailer waves.parametric amplification of atomic and optical fields.

Module 4Entanglement between atomic and optical fields, matter waves super radiance, mailerwave amplification. Application of atom optics.

ReferencesAtom Optics - P. Meysire . Springer Verlag. 2001 (Text)

Laser cooling and atom traps-Melcalfe, Springer Verlag (1998)

CEL 2E 08 LASER SPECTROSCOPY

Module 1

Different types of Spectroscopy : Spectroscopy technique, Conventional spectroscoperecording in UV-Vis-NIR region using dispersing spectrographs, Comparison betweenSpectrometers and interferometers.

OG Spectroscopy-theory and experimental techniques applications of OGS. (Ref 1, 4, 6)

Module 2

High Resolution spectroscopy-Doppler free spectroscopy, Two photon absorptionspectroscopy, Saturation absorption spectroscopy.

Laser photoionization spectroscopy-photoionization of excited atoms-Rydberg atomic statesOODR Techinique. Photoionization detection of single atoms-Different methods of singleatom detection. (Ref 1, 5, 7, 8)

Module 3

Correlation spectroscopy of scattered light, photon assisted collisional energy transfer,single molecule detection, spectroscopic characterization of BE condensates.

Thermal lens spectroscopy- Focal length of thermal lens single and double beam techniques- applications of TLS. (Ref 1, 3, 9, 10)

Module 4

Photoacoustic Spectroscopy- Theory of PAS of gases,-Resonance conditions RG Theory(analytical treatment) PA effect in gases, liquids, and solids- Design of PA spectrometerApplication of PAS Evaluation of optical and thermal parameters-Thermal diffusivity- Depthprofiling. (Ref 2)

References :

1 Laser Spectroscopy : W. Demtroder, Springer Verlag 3m ed, 2003 (Text)

Photoacoustic spectroscopy Rosencwaig, Wiley, (1981)

Thermo optic spectroscopy- J. Sell, Academic press, (1992)

Introduction to optical spectoscopy of inorganic molecules, J. Gacia Sole, L. E. Bausa,D. Jaque John Wiley Sons (2005)

Lasers and Nonlinear optics B .B. Laud, New Age International 2nd Edition, (2003)

Principles of fluorescence spectroscopy Joseph H. Lakowicz, Springer Varlag, 3rdEdition (2006)

Laser Photoionization Spectroscopy _Vladin S. Letokhov, Accademic Press Inc (1987)

INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF PHOTON1CS

68

8 Introduction to laser Spectroscopy, David L. Andrivi and Andry A. Demodiov, SpringerInternational Inc, 2 nd edition, (2002)

9 Photothermal investigations of solids and liquids, Jeffry a Sell, Academic Press Inc,New York (1989)

10 Photo thermal Science and techniques-Darryl P. Almond and Pravin M. Patel,Chapmann and Hill (1996)

CEL 2E 09 QUANTUM OPTICS

Module 1Quantisation of EMF. Field quantisation. Fock slates, coherent slates, coherence propertiesof EMF - first order optical coherence, coherent field, photon correlation measurements,photon counting measurements. •Representation of EMF. Expansion in number stales, coherent states, P-representation,correlation and characteristic functions, Photon statistics, photon number representation.

Module 2Density of states and density matrix. Squeezed light-generation and application of squeezedlight, coherent interaction of light with matter, Maxwell - Bloch equations. Spontaneousdecay of two level atoms.

Module 3Optical Instability- dispersive and absorptive cases Bell's inequalities in quantum optics,EPR argument, experimental studies, nondemolition measurements, quantum coherence.

Module 4Deflection of atoms by light. Kapitza- Dirac effect. Optical Stern -Gerlach experiment,Interaction between Atoms and quantized fields- dressed fields, Jaynes - Cummings model.

References :

Elements of quantum optics -Meysre and M. Sargent, Springer verlag, (1998) (Text)

Fundamentals of Quantum Optics- John R. Klauder and E. C. G. Sudarshan, Doverpublication (2006)

Quantum Optics - D. F. Walls, G. J. Milburn Springer Verlag, 2nd edition (2008) (Text)

Quantum Optics- Werner Vogel, Dirk-Gunnar Welsch, Wiley VCH, 3rd edition (2006)


CEL 2E 10 OPTO-MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Module 1

Drawings of optical components and systems, dimensional tolerances and error budgetsPrinciples of opto mechanical design-structural and kinematic aspects- vibration controlMaterials for optical systems, properties and selection criteria, metal mirrors- fabricationmethods and light weighting.

Module 2

Light weight mirror design- estimating minor weight, mirror self-weight deflection, contouredback mirrors and sandwich mirrors, Optical mounts for lenses, windows, small mirrors andprism: adjustment mechanism- lilear, tilt and rotary adjustment mechanism.

Module 3

Structural analysis of optics- finite element theory, displacement and dynamic models foroptics, stress models, optical surface evaluation, modeling of optical structures, ray tracing,optimum design. MEMS design and applications.

Module 4

Thermal and thermo elastic analysis of optics, heal transfer analysis, model types,interpolation of temperature fields, thermo elastic analysis.

Fabrication methods- method selection manufacturing methods, fabrication of light weightcomponents, chemical and vacuum coating processes in optics.

References

Hand book of optomechanical engineering - A. Ahmad, CRC (1997) (Text)

Passive Micro optical Alignment Methods R. A. Boudreau & S. M. Boudreau, Taylor &Francis Group, CRC (2005).

CEL 2E 11 INDUSTRIAL PHOTONICS

Module 1

Optical fiber transmission, fiber components-couplers, isolators, circulators, multiplexers,filters, fiber gratings, optical switches, wavelength converters, optical amplifiers, Transmitters,Receivers-Principle of operation, Performance parameters, Specifications, Applications

Module 2

Optical Node-design concepts, broadcast and select network, wavelength routed network,configurations, logical topologies, advantages, demonstrators, LAMBDANET, STARNET,RAINBOW- AON, MONET, DWDM networks, FTTx (x=home, curb, building, antenna)


71

Module 3Control and Management Functions- Configuration, Performance and Fault Management-Access network, architecture, deployment- Photonic Packet switching.

Module 4Fiber Optic Assembly- Reliability requirements, Fiber Optic Standards, Assemblyenvironment-clean rooms, classification- Tools for Fiber optic assembly- strippers, cleavers-Instruments for test purpose- IL Meter, BR Meter, Optical Spectrum Analyzer, Opticalpower meters, OTDR, Fiber optic Sources- Fiber joints-connectors, splices, Fusion splicers-Fiber polishing-Fiber cable design and structutes-Photonic Packaging-Passive and activecomponent packaging

ReferencesOptical Networks: A Practical Perspective 3rd Edition, 2010 by R. Ramaswamy andKumar N Sivarajan (Text)

WDM Optical Networks Concepts, Design and Algorithms, 2002 — Sivaram Murthyand Mohan Guruswamy

Understanding Optical Communications by Harry J.R. Dutton (pdf version available athttp://cs5517.userapi.com/u133638729/docs/3745fff272ed/Dutton_HJR_Understanding_Optical_Communications.pdf)

Optoelectronic Packaging by Alan R. Mickelson, Nagesh R. Basavanhally, Yung-ChengLee

Wdm Technologies: Active Optical Components, Volume 1 By Niloy K. Dutta, MasahikoFujiwara

Clean Assembly Practices to Prevent Contamination and Damage to Optics byJ. Pryatel, W. H. Gourdin (pdf version available at https://e-reports-ext.lInl.gov/pdf/328839.pdf)

CEL 2E 12 BIO-PHOTONICS

Topics for reading: Fundamentals of light as matter, basics of biology, fundamentals oflight matter interactions, lasers, laser technology, nonlinear optics (introduction to bio-photonics by PN Prasad, Chapter 1 6).

Module 1Photobiology; interaction of light with cells with cells and tissues, Photo-process inBiopolymers- human eve and vision, Photosynthesis; Photo-excitation free spacepropagation, optical fibre delivery system, articulated arm delivery, hollow tube wave-guides.

Optical coherence Tomogaphy, Fluorescence, resonance energy transfer imaging.


Module 2

Bio-imaging: Transmission microscopy, Kohler illumination, microscopy based on phasecontrast, dark-field and differential interference contrast microscopy, Florescence, confocaland multi-photon microscopy.

Optical Biosensors: Florescence and energy transfer sensing, molecular beacons andoptical geometries of bio-sensing, Biosensors based on fibre optics, planer waveguides,Flow Cytometry: basis, flurochromes for flow cytometry, DNA analysis.

Module 3

Laser activated therapy; Photodynamic therapy, photo-sensitizers for photodynamic therapy,applications of photodynamic therapy, two photon photodynamic therapy. Tissue engineeringusing light; contouring and restructuring of tissues using laser, laser tissue regeneration,femto-second laser surgery.

Module 4

Laser tweezers and laser scissors: design of Laser tweezers and laser scissors, opticaltrapping using non Guassian optical beam, manipulation of single DNA molecules, molecularmotors, laser for Genomics and Proteomics, semi conductor Quantum dots for bio imaging,Metallic nano-particles and nano-rods for bio-sensing, Photonics and biomaterials: bacteriaas bio-synthezers for photonics polymers.

References :

Introduction to bio-photonics P.N. Prasad Wiley Interscience (2003) (Text)

Biomedical Photonics A handbook T. Vo Dinh (CRC Press) (2002)

Optical Imaging Techniques in Cell Biology Guy Fox, Taylor & Francis Group,C.R.0 (2007).

An Introduction to Biomedical Optics- R. Splinter & B. A. Hooper, Taylor & FrancisGroup, C.R.0 (2007).

CEL 2E 13 NANOPHOTONICSModule I

Foundations for Nanophotonics.

Confinement of Photons and Electrons, Propagation Through a Classically Forbidden Zone:Tunneling, Localization Under a Periodic Potential: Bandgap, Cooperative Effects for Photonsand Electrons, Nanoscale Optical Interactions, Nanoscale Confinement of ElectronicInteractions, Quantum Confinement Effects, Nanoscale Electronic Energy Transfer.

Near-Field Interaction and Microscopy : Near-Field Optics, Modeling of Near-FieldNanoscopic Interactions, Nanoscale Enhancement of Optical Interactions, Time- and Space-Resolved Studies of Nanoscale Dynamics.



-/

Module 2

Quantum-Confined Materials : Quantum Wells, Quantum Wires, Quantum Dots QuantumRings, Manifes,tations of Quantum Confinement, Optical Properties, Quantum-ConfinedStark Effect, Dielectric Confinement Effect, Single-Molecule Spectroscopy, Quantum-Confined Structures as Lasing Media, Metallic nanostructures and their applications.

Growth Methods for Nanomaterials, Epitaxial Growth, Laser-Assisted Vapor Deposition(LAVD).

Module 3

Characterization of Nanomaterials, X-Ray Characterization, Transmission ElectronMicroscopy (TEM) Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).

Nanostructured Molecular Architectures : Noncovalent Interactions, NanostructuredPolymeric Media, Molecular Machines, Dendrimers, Supramolecular Structures.

Photonic Crystals : Basics Concepts, Methods of Fabrication, Photonic Crystal OpticalCircuitry, Photonic Crystal Fibers (PCF).

Module 4

Nanocomposites: Nanocomposite Waveguides, Random Lasers, Nanocomposites forOptoelectronics.

Nanolithography, Nanoimprint Lithography.

Bio Nanophotonics and nanomedicine : Photonic materials of biological origin,Nanoparticles for Optical Diagnostics.

Biosensing, Nanoclinics for Optical Diagnostics and Targeted Therapy.

References :

Nanophotonics : P. N. Prasad, Wiley Interscience (2003) (Text).

Biophotonics: P. N. Prasad, Wiley Publications (2004).

3. Nanophotonics, Heve Rigneault, ISTE (2006).

CEL 2E14 ADVANCED LASER SYSTEMSModule 1

Gas lasers: General principle of population inversion in gas laser excitation anddepopulation mechanisms-pulsed and continuous wave lasers-collision lasers. Helium Neongas laser-energy levels-energy transfer-excitation methods- fabrication details-operatingcharacteristics. He-Cd lasers-laser structure-excitation mechanism.

Molocular gas lasers: Discharge in molecular CO2 - inversion mechanisms- CO2 lasermodes-CW and pulsed CO2 lasers-power supply of CO2 lasers-laser amplifier-TEA CO2lasers-Nitrogen laser-pumping method-emission characteristics-pulsed N2 laser design.Far IR gas lasers-laser structure and excitation mechanisms.

(NI

to

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Module 2Ion laser: Argon ion energy levels - excitation mechanisms-fabrication of argon ion lasers-uv emission-Excimer and metal vapour rare gas dimers-electronic structure-rare gasexcimer-energy level diagram - excimer decay mechanism - xenon halide and kryptonhalide lasers-excitation mechanisms - efficiency physics of metal vapour laser-coppervapour laser-fabrication details.

Module 3Solid state lasers: properties of solid state laser materials fluorescence emission in solids- Ruby Nd. YAG, Nd: Glass lasers - laser energy levels pumping sources and cavityconfigurations - power supply - CW and pulsed operation - General ideas of the following:Tunable solid state lasers -Ti - sapphire and Alexandrite lasers - diode pumped solid statelasers-color center lasers., high power fiber lasers

Semiconductor lasersTunable diode lasers- tuning methods - high power semiconductor diode lasers- frequencycontrol of laser output - mode locking of semiconductor lasers, large wavelengthsemiconductor lasers.

Module 4Dye laser: Spectroscopy of organic dyes-fluorescence and phosphorescence- opticalpumping-incoherent and coherent pumping-threshold condition-rate equation-cw and pulseddye lasers-turning mechanism-dye laser line width-ring dye laser-General ideas of thefollowing lasers: Spin flip Raman laser-, -X-ray lasers and chemical lasers.

References1 Laser Fundamentals-William T. Silfast, 2 nd edition, Cambridge University

Press (2004) (Text)

2 Solid State Laser Engineering - W. Koechener (Springer Verlag) (1992)

3 Dye Laser - Schaffer (Springer Verlag), 2nd edition (2006)

4 Quantum Electronics - A. Yariv (John Wiley) (1975)

5 Laser Physics - Tarasov (Mir Publishers) (1986)

6 Semiconductor optoelectronic Devices-Pallab Bhattacharya, (Prentice HallIndia). (2009)

7 Lasers: Principles and Applications- J. F. B. Hawkes, Wilson. (Prentice Hall) (1996)

8 Lasers-Peter-W. Miloni and Joseph H. Eberly

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