cwd in norway 2016; status and research needs · cases of cwd documented in norway so far ... inra...
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CWD in Norway 2016; status and research needs
Deputy director Jorun Jarp
European Animal health and welfare research; collaborationresearch group
17th of November 2016, London
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Cases of CWD documented in Norway so far
Three wild reindeers from
a stock in Nordfjella
Two ajacent moose found
in the middle of Norway 320 km
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Analysis of cervids for CWD 2004-2015per species- Total 1943 cervids
800
10
810
130 183
0
200
400
600
800
1000
Semi
domestic
reindeer
Wild
reindeer
Red deer
(hjort)
Moose Roe deer
(rådyr)
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Wild reindeer, flock of 400, NordfjellaGPS-collaring project- NINAHelicopterIsolated, tranquilised?
illustration: The Gardian
Locomotions problems?
Photo: NINA
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PrPSc western blot(brain)
32 kD
18 kD
Clinical status
PrPSc immunohistochemistry(brain)
ELISA(brain)
research
TSEDiagnosis
Scrapie, BSE, CWD
Easter 2016: Test TeSeE ELISA
SAP Bio-Rad
High positive
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Confirmed positive with WB
WB Linh Tran
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Confirmed positive with IHC
IHC Britt Saure
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Two new CWD cases, in moose
Sent to VI regional laboratory
• Moose, pregnant female, emaciated, 13 years old, shot
• Moose, pregnant female, 14 years, found• dead in a river, trauma, normal condition
Same localisation (Selbu), 320 km from the CWDreindeer’s area
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Photo: Mark Picard
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Moose , IHC
Reindeer IHC
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Reindeer Moose
Different WB glycosylation pattern
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Category Analyzed (N)
Moose 4186Hunted 3777
Unspecified 2
Fallen stock, diseased 407
Deer 2327
Hunted 2068
Farmed slaughtered 83
Unspecified 4
Fallen stock, diseased 172
Reindeer 1635Hunted 501
Semidomesticatedslaughtered 756
Unspecified 11
Fallen stock, diseased 367
Roe deer 307
Hunted 24
Fallen stock, diseased 283
Miscell/Unknown 108
Hunted 90
Fallen stock, diseased 18
Total 8563
Active surveillance programme in 2016
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Wild reindeer aeries
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Tested and hunted number of wildlivingreindeer
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CWD-tested and hunted moose
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Questions to be answered:
Where does it come from What is the prevalence and can it be handled?
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Where does it come from?
Import of animals
Import food products
From sheep scrapie
From imported urine baits/lures for hunters
Contaminated by a spontaneous case in cervids
Other?
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Ongoing research or activity –funded by the Norwegian authorities
Experimental challence to mice withdifferent prion types
Genotyping Descriptive pathology Diagnostics on fecal materials In-vivo diagnostics – gut lymfoids Simulation model Planning of next year’s surveillance
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Ongoing experimental challenge trials on transgene mice
Institutions Country Recipient With prion from
INRA Toulouse France Transgenicmice
Sheep (3 lines), cattleand human
CEA Jouy-en-Josas
France Transgenicmice
Macaques
ISS Rome Italy Bank voles
UCL London UK Transgenic mice
Human
PRC Fort Collins USA Transgenicmice
Cervids and elk
CWRU Cleveland USA Transgenic mice
Human
ANSES Lyon France Transgenic mice
Sheep
RoslinEdinburgh
UK Transgenicmice
Human
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Thank you for your attention!
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A great thank to the involved staff:
Sylvie Benestad, L. Tran, B. Saure, R. Terland, M. Haugum, K. Handeland, K. Madslien, Ø. Kolbjørnsen, T. Moldal, B. Ytrehus, T. Vikøren
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Skrapesjuke BSE
CWD ???
Reindeer Moose
mAb: SHa31 and P4
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Reindeer-1Different cortical areas
mAb: L42
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Second opinion/ confirmation
from WeybridgeEU ref Lab TSE
and OttawaOIE ref CWD
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Necropsy findings, Turid Vikøren
Female reindeer, not pregnant > 2,5 years oldBody condition just under average, 43 kg Multiple hemorrhages and ruptures in the skeletal muscles General congestion and lung edema
Photos: T. Vikøren
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Requena et al., Prion 2016
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CWD diagnosed in North-America and Korea
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Today, -52 reindeer (50 free-ranging)-37 moose-14 red deer -10 elk
= 113 cervids analysed since the first CWD case
3 positive cases
Terry Spraker, CSU, CO
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Tested slaughtered and found deadsemidomestic reindeer
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Where does it come from?
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CWD = Classical scrapie . prion distribution in the body . epidemiology
Nor98 (atypical scrapie) and BSE: prions in the central nervous system
The most contagious TSE-disease (direct and via environment)
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Measures under consideration / taken
Norwegian Scientific Committee: risk assessment
Limited transportation between regions?
Testing under hunting season
Testing of fallen stock (whole country, all cervids)
Removal of salt stones?Today, 52 reindeer, 6 moose and 5 red deer (63 cervids)
analysed since the first CWD case
3 positive cases
Research: characterization of the isolates
Testing of slaughtered semi domestic reindeer
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Reindeer /Caribou
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Moose
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Deer distribution
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77145
211
710
47 53 41 38 21 10 10 190
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Analysis of cervids for CWD 2004-2015 per year
2004 ‘05 ‘06 ‘07 ‘08 ’09 2010 ‘11 ‘12 ‘13 ‘14 2015
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CWD
species
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CWDclinical signs
Emaciation
Excessive salivation
Behavior changes
Most of the time no signs
•
Terry Spraker, CSU, CO
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Norwegian reindeer (cousin of «caribou»)