cyberspace før og nå (8390 kb)
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Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (1475-1564)
The marble not yet carved can
hold the form of every thought the
greatest artist has.
E
DM
Får ikke kjøpe medisin Får ikke kjøpe medisin direktedirekte
”Innherred sykehus vil spare millionbeløp på å kjøpe legemidler direkte fra grossist.
Statens helsetilsyn sier nei.Sykehusdirektør Sigurd
Ingvaldsen er oppgitt.”Adresseavisen 26 oktober 2000
Cyberspace før og nå.
Om mennesker og maskiner.
Cyberspace før og nå.
Om mennesker og maskiner.
Førsteamanuensis Arne KrokanBI / Norges Markedshøgskole
Professor Tor G Syvertsen
Institutt for konstruksjonsteknikkStudio Apertura
NTNU
Førsteamanuensis Arne KrokanBI / Norges Markedshøgskole
Professor Tor G Syvertsen
Institutt for konstruksjonsteknikkStudio Apertura
NTNU
http://www.apertura.ntnu.no/cyberspace/cyberspace.htm
CyberspaceCyberspaceWilliam Gibson,William Gibson, Neuromancer, Neuromancer, 19841984 “Cyberspace. A consensual
hallucination experienced daily by billions of legitimate
operators, in every nation, by children being taught
mathematical concepts ...
A graphic representation of data abstracted from the banks of every computer in the human
system. Unthinkable complexity”
HG Wells: “World Brain”, HG Wells: “World Brain”, 19381938
"We are living in 1937, and our universities, I suggest, are not half-way out of the fifteenth century. We have made hardly any changes in our conception of university organization, education, graduation, for a century - for several centuries.
"We are living in 1937, and our universities, I suggest, are not half-way out of the fifteenth century. We have made hardly any changes in our conception of university organization, education, graduation, for a century - for several centuries.
The three or four years course of lectures, the bachelor who knows some, the master who knows most, the doctor who knows all, are ideas that have come down unimpaired from the Middle Ages.
The three or four years course of lectures, the bachelor who knows some, the master who knows most, the doctor who knows all, are ideas that have come down unimpaired from the Middle Ages.
Nowadays no one should end his learning while he lives and these university degrees are preposterous. It is true that we have multiplied universities greatly in the past hundred years, but we seem to have multiplied them altogether too much upon the old pattern.”
Nowadays no one should end his learning while he lives and these university degrees are preposterous. It is true that we have multiplied universities greatly in the past hundred years, but we seem to have multiplied them altogether too much upon the old pattern.”
““As We May Think”As We May Think”“Professionally our methods of transmitting and reviewing the
results of research are generations old and by now are totally
inadequate for their purpose. If the aggregate time spent in writing scholarly works and in
reading them could be evaluated, the ratio between these amounts of
time might well be startling”
Vannevar Bush: “As We May think”, July 1945
“Wholly new forms of encyclopedias will appear, ready-made with a mesh of associative trails running
through them, ready to be dropped into the memex and
there amplified”.
Memex Memex (Vannevar (Vannevar Bush)Bush)
“Consider a future device for individual use, which is a sort of mechanized private file and library. It needs a name, and to coin one at random, “memex” will do. A memex is a device in which an individual stores all his books, records, and communications, and which is mechanized so that it may be consulted with exceeding speed and flexibility. It is an enlarged intimate supplement to his memory.”
Augmenta
tion
Augmenta
tion v
svs
Autom
ation
Autom
ation
Augmenta
tion
Augmenta
tion v
svs
Autom
ation
Autom
ation
ConnectionsConnections“The secret of what anything means to us depends on how we've connected it to all the other things we know.That's why it's almost always wrong to seek the "real meaning" of anything. A thing with just one meaning has scarcely any meaning at all.”
- Marvin Minsky
The The LINKLINK is the is the FUNDAMENTAL FUNDAMENTAL
PROPERTYPROPERTYof the digital of the digital
mediummedium(WWW)(WWW)
The The LINKLINK is the is the FUNDAMENTAL FUNDAMENTAL
PROPERTYPROPERTYof the digital of the digital
mediummedium(WWW)(WWW)
SputnikSputnik
4 oktober 1957
Douglas C. Engelbart, ca 1950Douglas C. Engelbart, ca 1950FLASH-1: The difficulty of mankind's
problems was increasing at a greater rate than our ability to cope. (We are in trouble.)
FLASH-2: Boosting mankind's ability to deal with complex, urgent problems would be an attractive candidate as an arena in which a young person might try to "make the most difference."
Yes, but there's that question of what does the young electrical engineer do about it? Retread for role as educator, research psychologist, legislator, ... ? Is there any handle there that an electrical engineer could ...
FLASH-3: Ahah -- graphic vision surges forth of me sitting at a large CRT console, working in ways that are rapidly evolving in front of my eyes (beginning from memories of the radar-screen consoles I used to service).
FLASH-1: The difficulty of mankind's problems was increasing at a greater rate than our ability to cope. (We are in trouble.)
FLASH-2: Boosting mankind's ability to deal with complex, urgent problems would be an attractive candidate as an arena in which a young person might try to "make the most difference."
Yes, but there's that question of what does the young electrical engineer do about it? Retread for role as educator, research psychologist, legislator, ... ? Is there any handle there that an electrical engineer could ...
FLASH-3: Ahah -- graphic vision surges forth of me sitting at a large CRT console, working in ways that are rapidly evolving in front of my eyes (beginning from memories of the radar-screen consoles I used to service).
Den første musaDen første musa
Klaviatur og musKlaviatur og mus
Fall Joint Computer Fall Joint Computer Conference, Conference, San Fransisco 1968San Fransisco 1968
ArbeidsstasjonenArbeidsstasjonen
Lett å bruke?Lett å bruke?eller effektiv?eller effektiv?
ARPAARPAAdvanced Project Research Advanced Project Research AgencyAgency
1969: ARPANET1969: ARPANET
1973: UK og Norge tilknyttet1973: UK og Norge tilknyttet
1983: INTERNET1983: INTERNET
1989: internett1989: internett
~1994: WWW~1994: WWW
~1996: .com~1996: .com
Informasjonshistorikk Informasjonshistorikk (kortform)(kortform) Skriving
oppfinnesJohan Gutenberg finner opp løse typerog moderne trykking
Von Neumann m fl finner opp
datamaskinenMikroprosessoren gjør datamaskinen til allemannseie
Internett kobler oss alle sammen
Etter Nathan Myhrvold, Microsoft
The media shape the The media shape the thinkingthinking
50000 years: spoken language 5000 years: written language 500 years: printed books 50 years: computers 5 years: digital media
Idea: professor Mitchel Resnick, MIT Media LaboratoryIdea: professor Mitchel Resnick, MIT Media Laboratory
new media skills: 5 years knowledge economy: 10 years new organizations: 25 years new universities: 100 years??
Every medium has its natural symbols
Clay and pin Papyrus and brush Stone and chisel
CuneiformCuneiformlettersletters
Hieratic Hieratic lettersletters
RunicRuniclettersletters
The ComputerThe Computer
The Printing Press
SSSS iiii mmmm pppp llll eeee tttt yyyy pppp oooo gggg rrrr aaaa pppp hhhh yyyy
JOHANNES GUTENBERG
The IconThe Icon
From incunabulas
to
ReadingWritingArithmeticsHard-working
Acquire knowledge
Present ideas
Differential communication
Team-working
Printed Book
Basic SkillsBasic Skills
Digital Network
The First Paperless The First Paperless AirplaneAirplane
““Augmented Augmented Reality”Reality”
Kunstig synKunstig syn
Zoom
Richochet Wireless Internet Access
DISH Network
Home Service on Call
Long Distance
Electronic Town Square
Home Electronics Sale
Appliance Protection
Informasjons-forsyning:
‘Information atYour Fingertips’
get your position get your position right?right?
VIDEOCONFERENCING IN THE VIDEOCONFERENCING IN THE OUTBACKOUTBACKSince 1993, aborigine communities in Australia's Northern Territory have been using videoconferencing as the primary medium for personal and business communications among each other and other sites in Sydney, Darwin and Alice Springs. The Tanami Network, which uses PictureTel video-conferencing equipment, is favored over the telephone or radio because it can convey the extensive system of hand gestures used by aborigines while speaking. (Technology Review Apr 96 p17)
83 år gammel 83 år gammel Yamada-sjarmørYamada-sjarmør
Moore’s Law Moore’s Law RevisitedRevisited
1970
1974
1978
1982
1986
1990
1994
1998
2002
Performance/Costfor Computing
Nathan Myhrvold’s 1st Law:
Software is a gas -
it expands to fit the container it is
in
The digitalThe digitalmediummedium
Price0
Performance
Effektivisering av Effektivisering av “lukket avdeling”“lukket avdeling”
Kostnad pr enhet
Kostnad pr enhetProduserte
enheter
Produserte enheter
Effektivisering avEffektivisering av byråkratiet medfører: byråkratiet medfører:
MER BYRÅKRATIMER BYRÅKRATI
Effektivisering avEffektivisering av byråkratiet medfører: byråkratiet medfører:
MER BYRÅKRATIMER BYRÅKRATI
KommunikasjonKommunikasjon
Send
HentHent
Produsenten må Produsenten må være kundeorientertvære kundeorientert
Brukeren Brukeren har kontrollhar kontroll
KostnadKostnad
Senderenhar kontroll
og makt
Mottakerenblir nedlesset
What information What information consumesconsumes
Nobel laureate economist Herbert A. Simon
"What information consumes is rather obvious: it consumes the ATTENTION of its recipients. Hence a wealth of information creates a poverty of attention, and a need to allocate that attention efficiently among the over-abundance of information sources that might consume it."
Key Reso
urces:
Key Reso
urces:
Attentio
n and K
nowledge
Attentio
n and K
nowledge
Key Reso
urces:
Key Reso
urces:
Attentio
n and K
nowledge
Attentio
n and K
nowledge
Oppmerksomhetens Oppmerksomhetens kapasitet?kapasitet?
10000000 bit/s10000000 bit/s10 bit/s10 bit/s
Effektivisering i 20 årEffektivisering i 20 år
Har du fått Har du fått bedre tid?bedre tid?
Hvilket kjønn har en PC?Hvilket kjønn har en PC?Kvinnene: hankjønn For å bruke den, må en
først få den opp Den har massevis av
informasjon, men har fortsatt ingen egen mening om noe.
Den skal i utgangspunktet hjelpe deg med å løse problemer, men det er i virkeligheten DEN som er problemet.
Så snart du har bundet deg til en, innser du at hadde du ventet litt lenger, ville du fått en mye bedre modell.
Mennene: hunkjønn Ingen bortsett fra dens
skaper forstår dens indre logikk
Det interne språket den bruker for å kommunisere med andre PCèr er uforståelig for andre
Selv den aller minste feil blir lagret i langtids-minnet, for senere å bli hentet opp igjen til stadighet
Så fort du skaffer deg en, finner du ut at halvparten av lønna di går med til tilleggsutstyr.
Capital and Profitable Capital and Profitable KnowledgeKnowledge
Physical Capital:Physical Capital:matter and energymatter and energy
EngineeringEngineering
Financial Capital:Financial Capital:money and stocksmoney and stocks
EconomicsEconomics
Intellectual,Intellectual,Human,Human,
StructuralStructuralCapital:Capital:
ambitions,ambitions, attitudes, attitudes, relations relations
Sociology,Sociology,PsychologyPsychology
Anthropology,Anthropology,......
19601960
19801980
20002000
Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet (NTNU), Trondheim
Kunnskap om kunnskapsvekst
Dragvoll GårdDragvoll Gård
wwwwww
Know
HoW!
Know
What?
Know
Why?
BUY it!!!
DO it!!!
Attila the Hun Attila the Hun on Timingon Timing
"Pushing events to happen before their time is less important than their ultimate achievement. Victory comes to one who knows not only what to do but when to do it."
Kunstig Kunstig intelligens??intelligens??
Uintelligente komponenter
med effektiv kommunikasjon kan skape en intelligent
helhet!
Kan vi frambringeKan vi frambringekunstig intelligens?kunstig intelligens?
Naturlig dumhet!!Naturlig dumhet!!
Intelligente komponenter med ineffektiv kommunikasjon kanskape en uintelligent helhet....
Kan vi avskaffe naturlig dumhet?
New Millenium New Millenium ChampionsChampions1. Speed and Simplicity2. Unique External Relations3. Unique Internal Relations4. Responsibility and Trust5. Strong Beliefs6. Beautiful Dreams
20002000
Changing Times ....'It was the best of times,
it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom,
it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief,
it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light,
it was the season of Darkness, it was the spring of hope,
it was the winter of despair, we had everything before us,
we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to Heaven,
we were all going direct the other way'
(Charles Dickens: "A Tale of Two Cities”, 1859) MIDI Sequence
Y2K???Y2K???
Ingenting Ingenting motmotY1-Y1-problemet!problemet!!!
The Knowledge The Knowledge EconomyEconomy
Postulate 1: Postulate 1: Knowledge is PowerKnowledge is PowerPostulate 2: Postulate 2: Time is MoneyTime is Money
As any engineer knows;As any engineer knows;Work = Power*TimeWork = Power*Time
By substitution:By substitution:Work = Knowledge*MoneyWork = Knowledge*Money
Solving for Money:Solving for Money:
Money =Money = WorkWorkKnowledgeKnowledge
As Knowledge As Knowledge 0 0
Money Money regardless of Workregardless of Work
Hence:the less you know,the less you know,the more you makethe more you make
Hence:the less you know,the less you know,the more you makethe more you make
Hoffnarren: Tor G Syvertsen
Ide, tekst og grafikk: Tor G Syvertsen
Per R Stokke Jan Onarheim
Per Morten SchiefloeArne Krokan
Spesialrådgiver:Bjørn Vidar Lerøen
Produsert og framført av:Den norske digitalmisjon
Støttet av:NTNUStatoil
Norges ForskningsrådTrekkspill:
Helge FørdeThe Brazz Brothers
CopyLeft 1997-2001Den norske
digitalmisjonTAKK FOR
0