Child Mortality

Child mortality dips, one million saved, says Lancet study (The Hindu:20171004)

http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/child-mortality-dips-one-million-saved-says-

lancet-study/article19793332.ece

The study states that the mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) in neonates fell from 45 in 2000

to 27 in 2015.

The Registrar General of India implemented the study

India has avoided the deaths of about one million children under the age of five since 2005

owing to significant reductions in mortality from pneumonia, diarrhoea, neonatal infections

and birth asphyxia/trauma, measles and tetanus, claims a study published in the latest issue of

The Lancet.

National Health Mission

According to a release issued by the Union Health Ministry on Tuesday, the ‘India’s Million

Death Study’, implemented by the Registrar General of India, is the first study to directly

quantify changes in cause-specific child deaths in India, nationally and sub-nationally, from

2000-15 among randomly selected homes.

The study further illustrates that conditions prioritised under the National Health Mission saw

the maximum decline.

Pneumonia and diarrhoea mortality fell by over 60% — most of the decline due to effective

treatment; mortality from birth-related breathing and trauma during delivery fell by 66% —

DAILY NEWS BULLETINLEADING HEALTH, POPULATION AND FAMILY WELFARE STORIES OF THE DayWednesday 20171004

most of the decline due to more births occurring in hospital; and measles and tetanus

mortality fell by 90% — mostly due to special immunisation campaigns against each.

Mortality rate

The study states that the mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) in neonates fell from 45 in 2000

to 27 in 2015 or a 3.3% annual decline, while 1-59 months’ mortality rate fell from 45.2 in

2000 to 19.6 in 2015 or a 5.4% annual decline. Further, among 1-59 months, pneumonia fell

by 63%, diarrhoea by 66% and measles by more than 90%.

The decline was greater in girls, indicating that India has, remarkably, an equal number of

girls and boys dying.

Pneumonia and diarrhoea mortality rates for 1-59 months declined substantially between

2010 and 2015 at an average of 8% to 10% annual decline nationally and more so in the rural

areas and poorer States.

The study worked with directly monitoring the causes of deaths in over 1.3 million or 13 lakh

homes. Since 2001, about 900 staff members interviewed about one lakh living members in

homes that had suffered a child’s death and completed a simple two-page form with a local

language half-page narrative describing the deceased’s symptoms and treatment.

Records digitised

The records have been digitised and each one uniformly coded for cause of death

independently by two of about 400 trained physicians, using World Health Organization-

approved procedures. This is a direct study based on face-to-face interviews with families and

is not based on modelling or projections from small samples.

“The results signify that the strategic approach of the Health Ministry has started yielding

dividends and the efforts of focusing on low performing States is paying off,” noted the

release.

Swine Flu

Swine flu toll 12, drop in temperature may up risk (The Times of India:20171004)

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/swine-flu-toll-12-drop-in-temperature-may-up-

risk/articleshow/60930882.cms

New Delhi: The death toll due to swine flu in Delhi has touched 12, as per the latest data

released by the health ministry. The number of people affected by the viral influenza is 2,798.

Doctors said that with fall in temperature, swine flu cases may rise further.

"People should take extra precaution in terms of maintaining hygiene and reporting to doctor

if there is prolonged fever," said Dr Arup Basu, senior chest physician at Sir Ganga Ram

hospital (SGRH).

Maharashtra and Gujarat remain the worst-affected states by the viral influenza with 620 and

429 deaths respectively. Health officials said that countrywide there have been 1,964 deaths

as on October 1 this year. "Last year, 265 people died due to swine flu. In 2015, the death toll

stood at 2,990," the official added.

According to the National Centre for Disease Control and AIIMS in Delhi and Pune's

National Institute of Virology, the virus in circulation this year is of Michigan strain. Earlier,

it was mostly the California strain. Experts said the new strain could be behind the increase in

cases and mortality, but it is yet to be proved scientifically.

"Swine flu cases usually tend to pick up during winter. But this year we have been getting

many patients suffering from the infection since August itself. Most patients get better on

their own, but in rare cases admission is required," said Dr R K Singhal, senior consultant,

internal medicine at BLK super-specialty hospital. Dr Singhal added that middle-aged

persons and those with co-morbidities such as diabetes, asthma, chronic obstructive

pulmonary disease or cancer are vulnerable to death due to swine flu.

Another senior doctor said the death figures released by the government aren't complete.

"Ram Manohar Lohia (RML) alone has confirmed 31 deaths due to swine flu this year. Of

this, 17 patients are from Delhi and the rest are from neighbouring states like Haryana (3),

Uttarakhand (2), Uttar Pradesh (8) and Madhya Pradesh (1)," he added.

H1N1 infection, also referred to as swine flu since it was initially transmitted to humans

through infected pigs, predominantly affects young persons. Research showed that most

common symptom in fatal cases are cough followed by breathlessness, high fever, mild fever

and sore throat and the most common co-morbidity is diabetes.

Dr Anoop Misra, chairman, Fortis C-Doc, said people with uncontrolled diabetes should get

preventive flu vaccination. "Also, if they suffer from fever they should contact their physician

on urgent basis," he added.

Dengue

756 dengue cases reported in a week, total at 9,856 (Hindustan Times:20171004)

http://paper.hindustantimes.com/epaper/viewer.aspx

NEW DELHI : Delhi hospitals reported 756 cases of dengue in the week ending September

30, down from the nearly 900 cases that had been reported the previous week, according to

the data by the Municipal Corporations of Delhi (MCDs).

A municipal worker sprays insecticide in Okhla’s Shaheen Bagh area, to check mosquito

breeding.

This takes the total number of dengue cases to 3,865 this year, of which 1,807 are residents of

Delhi, with the rest coming from neighbouring states to Delhi hospitals for treatment.

This is compared to a total of 2,133 cases that had been reported during the same period last

year, of which 1,512 were residents of Delhi.

In 2015, which was a dengue outbreak year for Delhi, 7,606 cases had been reported during

the same period, of which 5,782 were Delhi residents.

“There has definitely been an increase in the number of cases of dengue and this could most

likely be due to the intermittent rains that Delhi had recently. Although, the numbers now

seem higher than the previous year, the figures will balance out as we are hoping that there

will be a decline in the number of cases in the next 15 or 20 days,” said a municipal health

official.

The report also shows that Delhi hospitals have also reported 995 cases of malaria, of which

482 people are Delhi residents.

As for chikungunya, a total of 589 cases have been reported, of which 338 people are from

Delhi.

Last year, when Delhi had a chikungunya outbreak, 4,257 cases had been reported during the

same period.

Flu Vaccine (The Asian Age:20171004)

http://onlineepaper.asianage.com/articledetailpage.aspx?id=9115227

Drug trafficking

Drugs: Centre sets up multi-agency panel (The Tribune:20171004)

http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/punjab/drugs-centre-sets-up-multi-agency-

panel/477008.html

The Centre has set up a multi-agency coordination committee for dealing with the drug

menace. The special task force established by the Punjab Government, too, is formulating a

strategy against drug trafficking.

Information to this effect was furnished before the Punjab and Haryana High Court today as

the “court on its own motion” or suo motu case against the drug menace came up for a

resumed hearing.

The Bench was told that the agency included officers from the Air Force, Army, BSF,

Customs, Punjab Police and the Narcotics Control Bureau. The Bench said it was imperative

for the agency to hold a meeting.

The government, meanwhile, told the High Court that the cases of drug abuse had registered

an increase in the past in the absence of a proper strategy to deal with the menace. The Bench

was told that effective checking was essential. For the purpose, a task force had already been

established.

It was functioning under the supervision of an Additional Director-General of Police-level

officer and was under the direct supervision of the state Chief Minister. It was formulating a

strategy to deal with the menace and would work in close coordination with the GRP and the

district police.

The pending “court on its own motion” case has its origin in a plea filed by Tarlochan Singh

through counsel Navkiran Singh. A Mohali resident, he was lodged at the Ropar district jail

at the time of filing the petition. The inmate was seeking an inquiry not only into the sale of

intoxicants in the Ropar jail “in connivance with the jail officials”, but also their

highhandedness towards prisoners reporting against illegal activities.

The High Court, on a previous date of hearing, had told Punjab that it wanted the

investigating agencies to trace the sources of drugs.

Meanwhile, the Chandigarh administration claimed that 165 drug cases had been registered in

the city till August this year, against 114 the previous year. In an affidavit, the High Court

was told that 112 cases were under investigation; 53 had been sent for trial — punishment

had been awarded in two and trial was pending in 51 cases.

Swachh Bharat Mission

Swachh Bharat cannot be only about building toilets (Hindustan Times:20171004)

http://paper.hindustantimes.com/epaper/viewer.aspx

A proper solid waste management system is crucial since urban India generates 151,831

tonnes of garbage per day

The Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban) was launched in 2014 with the objective to construct

household, community and public toilets to eliminate open defecation and implement proper

solid waste management (SWM).

Many of the dumping sites are the only open spaces available in a neighbourhood. They end

up being used for open defecation

At the beginning of the mission, various cleanliness drives were organised in government

offices and public places. The idea to promote cleanliness that should start with one’s own

surroundings became the overarching goal of the mission. Initially a larger share of funds

were allocated to SWM but by 2017 a larger share was sanctioned for toilet construction.

Toilet construction as a physical indicator of the progress of the mission is far more plausible

than SWM. The imagery of a constructed toilet has thus become synonymous with the

mission and does not even lead you to question the largesse of the problem.

As of June 2016, only 53% of wards are covered with door-to-door collection of waste and

on an average only 22% of waste is processed in urban centres, which means 78% of solid

waste remains untreated and contaminates land or makes its way into rivers and lakes.

What gets overshadowed is that urban India generates 151,831 metric tonnes of waste per

day. If not collected, treated and disposed safely, this can cause environmental and health

hazards. Inadequate collection and disposal of waste encourages dumping it in public spaces,

vacant plots and even drains. These become breeding grounds for diseases. People living

close to these sites are not only exposed to an unsafe environment but also often end up

working as rag pickers, thrusting them further down in the sanitation hierarchy. Many of

these dumping sites are the only open spaces available in a neighbourhood and as they get

characterised by dirt and stench they end up being used for open defecation.

Since behavioural change is essential to ensure toilet usage, it is important to understand that

insanitary spaces will only encourage poor sanitation habits. There is far less shame attached

to defecating in a garbage dumping site than anywhere else in the open.

The widespread existence of these spaces adds an element of acceptance and convenience

towards open defecation. These spaces would cease to exist if there is proper collection and

disposal of waste. Open defecation and SWM are as inextricably linked as our behaviour is to

the surroundings we live in. Changing people’s approach to sanitation that has been deeply

entrenched by the lack of services cannot be dependent on the mere construction of a toilet.

The least the Swachh Bharat Mission can do is to clean our surroundings before expecting

cleaner sanitation choices from people.

Cardiology

Statins may prevent potentially fatal blood infection (Medical News Today:20171004)

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319628.php

The use of this heart disease medication may also prevent staph infection.

A new study suggests that the use of statins may prevent the risk of a bloodstream infection

with Staphylococcus aureus by almost a third.

Staphylococcus aureus is a bacterium that is simultaneously part of our normal flora but that

can also cause disease.

In fact, S. aureus, which is also known as "staph," is the leading cause of bacteremia (or

infection of the bloodstream) and bacterial endocarditis (or infection of the heart). Once staph

reaches the bloodstream, the infection can be fatal.

Fortunately, however, new research suggests that taking statins - medication commonly used

to prevent heart disease - may prevent the risk of a staph bacteremia by almost a third.

The study was a collaboration between researchers at the University Hospitals in Aalborg and

Aarhus, both in Denmark, and the University Hospital in Seville, Spain.

The lead investigator for the research is Dr. Jesper Smit, of the Department of Clinical

Microbiology at Aalborg University Hospital, and the findings were published in the journal

Mayo Clinic Proceedings.

Staph infection risk lowered by 30 percent

Dr. Smit and colleagues analyzed the medical records of almost 30,000 Danish statin users

over a period of 12 years, between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2011.

Statin users were grouped under "current users" - who were then broken down further into

new or long-term use - "former users," and "non-users."

Long-term users were defined as such if they had received multiple prescriptions for statins

for more than 90 days, while new users received their first prescription within 90 days prior

to the study.

Participants had been prescribed statins for various chronic conditions, including diabetes,

kidney disease, and liver disease.

Statins: How safe are they?

We take a look at the controversy surrounding the use of statins.

During the 12-year follow-up period, the researchers found 2,638 cases of S. aureus

bacteremia.

These people were matched by 26,379 controls who did not develop the infection. Controls

were matched by age, sex, and residence in Denmark over the follow-up period.

Current statin users were 27 percent less likely to have a community-acquired staph infection,

and long-term users had a 30 percent lower risk of developing such an infection.

Additionally, the findings were dose-respondent, meaning that the more statins the users were

taking, the less likely they were to acquire the infection.

Clinical implications of the findings

Dr. Smit expands on the significance of the findings, saying, "Our results indicate that statins

may have an important place in the prevention of bloodstream infection caused by S. aureus,

which would hold important clinical and public health implications."

"Nevertheless," he goes on to say, "our observations warrant confirmation in other settings

and the biological mechanisms by which statin treatment may protect against this type of

infection should be explored further."

In an editorial accompanying the study, Drs. Daniel C. and Christopher V. DeSimone, both

from the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, MN, explain the clinical implications of the findings.

They say, "The work by Smit et al. raises the exciting possibility that the pleiotropic effects

[having multiple health benefits] of statins may also harbor important antimicrobial effects

that may exert a clinically relevant benefit by conferring resistance to [community-acquired

staph bacteremia]."

The editorial also emphasizes that the study "should stimulate randomized, placebo-

controlled trials examining this effect of statins."

"Such trials [...] are appealing, because [statins] are relatively low cost, can easily be matched

against a placebo, and would allow for enrollment at the time of an already necessary

antibiotic prescription."

Atherosclerosis: Skipping breakfast may double risk (Medical News Today:20171004)

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319611.php

A healthful, high-energy breakfast can consist of yogurt, whole grains, and fruit.

A study led by researchers in Spain has suggested that skipping breakfast doubles the risk of

"subclinical atherosclerosis."

Atherosclerosis occurs when fatty deposits, along with cholesterol and other forms of cellular

waste, build up inside the arteries. This reduces arterial elasticity, and, over time, it can lead

to coronary heart disease, angina, or peripheral artery disease, among other conditions.

Subclinical atherosclerosis is a latent form of the condition, which does not produce

symptoms straight away.

Popular wisdom has it that breakfast is the most important meal of the day - and the first set

of findings from the Progression and Early Detection of Atherosclerosis study (PESA)

suggests that the meal may be even more important than traditionally believed.

The results of the research show that those who consume less than 5 percent of their daily

calorie intake for breakfast may have double the risk of subclinical atherosclerosis compared

with people who have a high-energy breakfast.

A high-energy breakfast might comprise a good source of protein - such as yogurt or eggs -

whole grains, and fruit.

The first author of the new study is Dr. Irina Uzhova, of the Centro Nacional de

Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III in Madrid, Spain, and the findings were

published in the Journal of American College of Cardiology.

Studying breakfast patterns

Dr. Uzhova and her team examined three types of breakfast consumption, looking for a

connection between breakfast patterns and the incidence of subclinical atherosclerosis in a

healthy population.

PESA is a prospective study, comprising more than 4,000 participants with no history of

cardiovascular disease. Participants were aged between 40 and 54.

One good breakfast a day keeps weight gain away

A hearty breakfast and fewer snacks may help us to lose weight and live a healthier life.

They used multivascular imaging techniques and collected information about the participants'

lifestyle. The former informed the team about the presence of plaques in the carotid arteries,

iliofemoral arteries, the aorta, and the coronary arteries.

Participants were monitored for 6 years, and the data gathered were statistically analyzed

using multivariate regression models.

Breakfast skippers are at risk

The study found that 27 percent of the participants regularly consumed a high-energy

breakfast, or a breakfast that offered over 20 percent of the daily recommended calories.

Most of the population sample (70 percent) regularly consumed a low-energy breakfast, or

one that provided between 5 and 20 percent of the daily calorie intake.

Finally, 3 percent of the participants either ate very little (under 5 percent of the

recommended calories) or skipped breakfast entirely.

Overall, the researchers found that people in this latter group were more likely to have

unhealthful eating and lifestyle habits. These included a poor diet, smoking, and frequent

alcohol use.

Imaging data also revealed that they had 1.5 times more atherosclerotic lesions than people

who consumed a high-energy breakfast.

Also, in some vascular areas - such as the carotid artery and the iliofemoral arteries -

breakfast skippers were up to 2.5 times more likely to have atherosclerotic plaques.

This group also scored higher on the list of cardiovascular risk factors; those who skipped

breakfast tended to have a higher waist circumference and body mass index (BMI), as well as

increased fasting blood sugar levels and blood lipids, or fats.

Significance of the findings

Study co-author Dr. Valentin Fuster says that the findings show that skipping breakfast is

"one bad habit people can proactively change to reduce their risk for heart disease."

It is known that making lifestyle changes can reduce the risk of cardiometabolic disorders

such as diabetes, obesity, and hypertension.

"[The] PESA study makes an incalculable contribution to scientific knowledge and public

health," adds Dr. Fuster.

"Our findings are important for health professionals and might be used as a simple message

for lifestyle-based interventions and public health strategies, as well as informing dietary

recommendations and guidelines."

Study co-author Prof. Jose L. Peñalvo, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at

Tufts University

In an editorial comment accompanying the study, Dr. Prakash Deedwania - a professor of

medicine at the University of California, San Francisco - writes:

"Poor dietary choices are generally made relatively early in life and, if remained unchanged,

can lead to clinical cardiovascular disease later on."

He explains, "Adverse effects of skipping breakfast can be seen early in childhood in the

form of childhood obesity, and although breakfast skippers are generally attempting to lose

weight, they often end up eating more and unhealthy foods later in the day."

"Skipping breakfast can cause hormonal imbalances and alter circadian rhythms. That

breakfast is the most important meal of the day has been proven right in light of this

evidence," concludes Dr. Deedwania.

Depression

Just 1 hour of exercise per week could prevent depression (Medical News

Today:20171004)

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319607.php

New research suggests that a little weekly exercise could lower the risk of depression.

A new study that examined data from almost 34,000 people has found that as little as 1 hour

of exercise each week, regardless of intensity, can help to prevent depression.

Depression is a very common disorder, affecting around 6.7 percent of adults in the United

States per year. The economic burden of this disease was estimated to be $210.5 billion in

2010 alone. At a global level, the World Health Organization (WHO) calculate that more than

300 million people live with the disorder.

Treatments for depression usually involve medication, psychotherapy, or cognitive

behavioral therapy, or a combination of these approaches.

Recently, Australia-based not-for-profit group Black Dog Institute, who offer support to

people with mood disorders, launched a 1-month campaign encouraging people to exercise.

They suggest on their website that regular physical activity can help to prevent and treat

depression.

This is supported by research conducted by scientists from the Black Dog Institute in

collaboration with colleagues from other institutions worldwide, including universities and

health institutes from the United Kingdom, Australia, and Norway.

The study - led by Prof. Samuel Harvey, from the Black Dog Institute - analyzed data

collected from 33,908 Norwegian adults who were followed over a period of 11 years.

As Prof. Harvey explains, "We've known for some time that exercise has a role to play in

treating symptoms of depression, but this is the first time we have been able to quantify the

preventive potential of physical activity in terms of reducing future levels of depression."

"These findings," he adds, "are exciting because they show that even relatively small amounts

of exercise - from 1 hour per week - can deliver significant protection against depression."

The results were published in the American Journal of Psychiatry.

Doing no exercise increases depression risk

The researchers analyzed data collected through the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT),

which is one of the largest population studies to date. The data collection and participant

follow-up for HUNT took place between 1984 and 1997.

First, healthy participants were recruited and required to self-assess their physical activity

status, including how often they exercise, and how intensely.

Three different levels of intensity were reported: mild intensity exercise that was not

followed by breathlessness or sweatiness, moderate intensity activity that produced

breathlessness and sweatiness, and most intense exercise followed by physical exhaustion.

How exercise rejuvenates cells, extending lifespan

Later, the participants were given a self-assessment questionnaire - the Hospital Anxiety and

Depression Scale - and asked to report any developing states of depression or anxiety.

Confounding variables - including the participants' socioeconomic status, alcohol and

substance use, body mass index (BMI), new physical illnesses, and how well supported they

felt on a social level - were also adjusted for to ensure the consistency of the results.

It was found that those who did not engage in any physical exercise to begin with were 44

percent more likely than their peers who exercised for 1 to 2 hours each week to develop

depression.

The protective effect of exercise was also observed, regardless of its intensity. "Most of the

mental health benefits of exercise are realised within the first hour undertaken each week,"

explains Prof. Harvey.

"With sedentary lifestyles becoming the norm worldwide, and rates of depression growing,

these results are particularly pertinent as they highlight that even small lifestyle changes can

reap significant mental health benefits," he adds.

At the same time, however, the researchers did not note any benefits in the case of anxiety, as

they found no link between physical exercise and whether or not participants developed this

condition.

A little exercise brings 'substantial benefits'

The authors conclude that around 12 percent of depression cases might have been prevented

if the participants had done at least 1 hour of physical exercise per week.

"We are still trying to determine exactly why exercise can have this protective effect, but we

believe it is from the combined impact of the various physical and social benefits of physical

activity," says Prof. Harvey.

He also emphasizes the importance of this study's results in forming better health policies in

the future, saying that only small adjustments to people's lifestyles would be needed, enough

to include a manageable amount of exercise.

"These results highlight the great potential to integrate exercise into individual mental health

plans and broader public health campaigns."

Prof. Samuel Harvey

"If we can find ways to increase the population's level of physical activity even by a small

amount," he concludes, "then this is likely to bring substantial physical and mental health

benefits.

ĤǗ

¡ ǐ ȡ ȡ Ʌ ȣȡ ȣ, Ǖǔæ ɅǑã ȣ(Navbharat Times:20171004)

http://epaper.navbharattimes.com/details/31484-64996-2.html

2012 Ʌȣȡ ȣपर ĤǗ का è ȡ ȧबढ़ गया था, È ɉͩ ȡ ɉसे वायुमंडल Ʌ  ã

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के ȣ ɉको \ ͬ परेशानी होती है

ͪ ȯǑ ɉȡ ɉ ȧǒĐ ȧपर लगी रोक हटाई गई थी

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गई है। ǔè  मदन बी लोकूर ने मामले ȧसुनवाई से खदु को अलग ͩ ȡहै। मामला Ǘ  ȣɅ के

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मंगलवार दोपहर करनाल के कई ȡȲɉ Ʌ ȯ ɉ ȧओर से धआुं उठता देखा गया। करनाल-फफड़ाना

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मुकदमा [ ¡ ȣȲकर सकते।

Ǒ ȧȢ ȡȣ

k ɉ Ʌभी बढ़ ¡ ȣǑ ȧȢ ȡȣ(Hindustan:20171004)

http://epaper.livehindustan.com/story.aspx?id=2255437&boxid=49800574&ed_date=2017-

10-04&ed_code=1&ed_page=13

ǕǓ ȡभर Ʌमौत ȧदस बड़ी ¡ Ʌ

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धमनी को बंद करता है, जब `   ȧ] Ȳ ǐ परत को तोड़कर Ȩ ȯèĚȨ का ǐ  ȡ ǕǾ हो जाता है।

f èĚȪ ȯ ¡ ȡ Ⱦ इस परत को Ǖǽè रखता है, ^  ͧ f वह È धमनी Ʌ Ȩ ȯèĚȨ जमा होने ¡ ȣȲ

देता। मगर Ǒ के दौरे से बचने के ͧ f ¡ ȡ Ⱦ का यह ¢ ȡकवच ¡ ȣ ȡ ȧ ¡ ȣȲहै। Ȣ Ȱ ȣसे

जुड़ी तमाम Ȣ Ʌ Ǒ¡ ȡj Ȳ Ʌǿ ȡ ȡ के खतरे बढ़ा ¡ ȣ¡ ɇ@’मुंबई के नानावती \ è ȡ के ǿ

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से जुड़े ǿ रोग िजस तेजी से बढ़ रहे ¡ ɇ, वह ͬ Ȳ ȡकरने लायक है। ȨÈ माथुर बताते ¡ ɇ, ‘आज मेरे

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तनाव उन पर Ï ȡȡहै और ` Û¡ Ʌå ȡ ȡ करने का समय ¡ ȣȲͧ पाता है। ऐसा भी ¡ ȣȲहै ͩ वे

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Communicable Diseases (Hindustan:20171004)

http://epaper.livehindustan.com/story.aspx?id=2255446&boxid=87238142&ed_date=2017-

10-04&ed_code=1&ed_page=22

Child MortalitySwine FluDengueFlu VaccineDrug TracffickingSwachh Bharat MissionCardiologyDepressionप्रदूषण दिल की बीमारीCommunicable Diseases