Daily Science

Name the following compounds that contain a TRANSITION METAL: Zn2O3

ZrF2

CuN

PG. 53

Metallic and Covalent Bonds

Metallic Bonds

Between a metal and a metalOuter energy levels form a ‘sea of electrons’High melting and boiling pointsGood conductorsCan make alloys (mixture of elements that

have metallic properties)Ex. Brass and bronze

Covalent Bonds

Non-metal and non-metalValence electrons are sharedForm molecules (2 or more atoms covalently

bonded)Use Lewis Structures to show covalent bonds

Lewis Structures and Covalent Bonding

The shared electrons are called bonding pairsUnshared electrons are called lone pairsSingle bonds in a Lewis structure are called

sigma bonds (σ)Double and triple bonds are called pi bonds

(π)When bonds are broken they either release

energy or take in energy Exothermic- energy is released (feel heat) Endothermic- Energy is absorbed ( feels cold)

Naming Covalent Bonds

Name the first element first using the whole name If there is only one of the element name is regularly If there is more than one of the element use a prefix

The second element ALWAYS gets a prefix and the ending drops and you add –ide

Neither one is capitalized

Number of atoms Prefix

1 mono-

2 di-

3 tri-

4 tetra-

5 penta-

6 hexa-

7 hepta-

8 octa-

9 nona-

10 deca-

Examples

CCl4

As2O3

COSO2

NF3

Naming Acids

Always has a Hydrogen attached to it and is always dissolved in water

Naming binary acids: Only 2 elements Has a hydrogen atom Hydro- element or polyatomic ion- ic acid

Naming oxyacids: A polyatomic ion that contains an oxygen If the ion ends in –ate change it to –ic If the ion ends in –ite change it to –ous

Examples

HBrHCN

HNO3

HNO2