Daily Warm-up: List examples of ethos, pathos, and logos that you have seen in

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English I Honors—September 16, 2015

Homework:Reading Plus due at 11:59 on Sunday.

Study for Lesson 9 and 10 Vocabulary Quiz

Lesson 9 Vocabularyblighted—v. spoiled, harmed, or destroyedincomprehensible—adj. not able to be understood; not intelligible serene—adj. calm, peaceful and untroubled; tranquilbemused—adj. puzzled, confused, or bewildered.ephemeral—adj. lasting for a very short time

Lesson 9 Vocabularyambivalence—n. the state of having mixed feelings or contradictory ideas about something or someone.lament—v. mourn (a person’s loss or death).nostalgia—n. a sentimental longing or wistful affection for the past, typically for a period or place with happy personal associations.vibrant—adj. full of energy and enthusiasm.reminiscent—adj. suggesting something by resemblance.

Lesson 10 Vocabularymillennium: n. a period of a thousand yearsmillipede: n. a myriapod invertebrate with an elongated body composed of many segments, most of which bear two pairs of legs.millionaire: n. a person whose assets are worth one million dollars or more.millefleurs: n. a pattern of flowers and leaves used in tapestry, on porcelain, or in other decorative items.millisecond: n. one thousandth of a second

Lesson 10 Vocabularymilligram: n. one thousandth of a gram.milliliter: n. one thousandth of a litermile: n. a unit of linear measure equal to 5,280 feet, or 1,760 yards millimeter: n. one thousandth of a metermilestone: n. a stone set up beside a road to mark the distance in miles to a particular place; an action or event marking a significant change or stage in development.

Unit 1 EA2—Writing an Argumentative Essay

Your assignment is to write an essay of argumentation about the value of a college

education. Your essay must be organized as an argument in which you assert a precise claim,

support it with reasons and evidence, and acknowledge and refute counterclaims.

Unit 1 EA2—Writing an Argumentative Essay

Skills and Knowledge:• Write a well-developed introduction with appropriate background, a

clear explanation of the issue, a claim, and a thesis.• Present body paragraphs that strongly support the central claim with

relevant details.• Summarize counterclaims and clearly refute them with relevant

reasoning and evidence.• Conclude by clearly summarizing the main points and providing

logical suggestions.• Follow a clear organizational structure with a logical progression of

ideas and effective transitions that move the reader through the text.• Integrate credible source material into the text (with accurate

citations) smoothly.• Use a formal writing style and correct spelling, with excellent

command of standard English conventions.

Rhetorical AppealsRhetorical appeals: emotional, ethical, and logical appeals used to persuade and audience to agree with the writer or speaker.Logos is a rhetorical appeal to reason or logic.Ethos is a rhetorical appeal that focuses on the character or qualifications of the speaker.Pathos is a rhetorical appeal to the reader’s or listner’s senses or emotions.

You return home late from a friend’s house and your parents confront you. How could you use logos, ethos, and pathos to talk your way out of trouble?

Rhetorical TriangleLogos: Text—What

information, evidence, and logical reasoning are offered within the text?

Pathos: Audience—What values, beliefs, and emotions

are appealed to within the text? How does the text

evoke the audience’s feelings?

Ethos: Speaker—What perception of the speaker is created within the text? How

does the text evoke the audience’s trust?

When crafting an ARGUMENT, writers must strike a balance between the three rhetorical appeals. To sway readers, writers must: 1. Present a logical argument 2. Establish their own credibility.3. Show readers why they should care

about the issue or concept The rhetorical appeals help writers accomplish these goals.

Logos• Offers debatable thesis statement• Presents logical organization• Provides detail and development• Establishes evidence and supportPathos • Appeals to shared values of audience• Draws on strong imagery to appeal to emotions• Avoids manipulative use of emotional referencesEthos • Establishes credibility through logical and reasonable support,

evidence, and research• Presents and fairly refutes at least one opposing argument• Maintains a reasonable tone• Incorporates credible and reliable scholarly sources• Indicates where source information begins and ends in the text• Avoids inflammatory language and logical fallacies

Address to America’s School Children

As you read the speech, mark the text for the following: • the claim and any counterclaims addressed• Examples of ethos, pathos, and logos• anaphora (repetition of a word or words at the

beginning of two or more successive verses, clauses, or sentences) and rhetorical questions.

Address to America’s School Childrenclaim—a clear and straightforward statement of the writer’s belief about the topic of the argument. What is Obama’s claim?counterclaim—arguments made by the opposing side What are the counterclaims?refute—prove to be wrong or false How does he refute the counterclaims?logos—appeal to reason or logicethos—appeal that focuses on the character or qualifications of the speakerpathos—appeals to the emotionsanaphora—repetition of a word or words at the beginning of two or more successive verses, clauses, or sentencesrhetorical questions—a question that is asked for effect or one in which the answer is obvious

SMELLSender-Receiver Relationship: Who are the senders (speaker/writer) and receivers (audience) of the message, and what is their relationship (consider what different audiences the text may be addressing)? How does the sender attempt to establish his or her ethos?

Message: What is a literal summary of the content? What is the meaning/significance of this information?

Emotional Strategies: What emotional appeals (pathos) are included? What seems to be their desired effect?

Logical Strategies: What logical arguments/appeals (logos) are included? What is their effect?

Language: What specific language supports the message? How does it affect the text’s effectiveness? Consider both images (if appropriate) and actual words. What is the speaker’s voice in the text?

SMELL

Sender-Receiver Relationship: President Obama (sender) gives his speech to the students of America (receiver). He tries to relate and connect to the students by acting as a mentor or role model. He is speaking to a K-12 audience, but seems to focus more on high school students. As president, he seeks to connect with all young Americans and with America’s future.

Message: President Obama urges students to try hard in school. He argues that it is a responsibility and will pay off both for the students and country if everyone tries their best. He acknowledges that it can be hard to do well, but he makes the case that by working hard everyone can contribute to the “story of America”.

Emotional Strategies: Stories of students and celebrities and personal stories to illustrate that people can overcome hardships and be successful.

Logical Strategies: He doesn’t use statistics or data, but he does make logical statements—you don’t know what you can do until you try it. He isn’t using data because he doesn’t want to bore his audience.

Language: President Obama uses an informal voice, but formal rhetorical strategies. He uses illustrative examples to evoke images of success. Diction is accessible, and he uses lots of repetition to reinforce ideas.

Stop and SMELL the rhetoric!

Facts & Statistics - Numbers from surveys, studies, or observation, as well as pieces of commonly accepted information

Analogy – Comparison between two things to support conclusions about one based on similarities to another

EVIDENCE

Personal Experience/Anecdote - True story that describes a person’s experience relative to the topic

Illustrative Example - Description of a specific example to support the validity of a generalization

EVIDENCE

Expert/Personal Testimony - Use of a person’s words to support a claim, whether the person is like the audience or an expert

Hypothetical Case - Use of a possible scenario to challenge the audience to consider the claim

EVIDENCE

My neighbor's house and my house are both ranch homes with two bathrooms. They probably both use copper plumbing.

Over 75% of the murder victims in cases resulting in an execution were white, even though nationally only 50% of murder victims generally are white.

Water is made of hydrogen and oxygen.

What if a prisoner who was wrongly accused was put on death row?

What kind of evidence??

To thwack a child over the head because he does not get his lesson is about as wise as it would be to rap a watch with a hammer because it does not keep good time.

When I dropped out of college, it wasn’t the popular decision. Many criticized me saying that I, “gave up on what could have changed my life.” Today, I make 150,000 a year and I never have to answer to anyone but myself.

If Bill Gates could make a fortune without college, so can anyone else.

What kind of evidence??

• America’s Schoolchildren

• New school year, old story: Education pays (Pg.

• Quotes about education

• Five Ways Ed Pays notes

Texts:

A. Types of Evidence/Support B. Example from Class Readings/Viewings

C. Used to. . .(logos, ethos, pathos? In what way?)

Facts and Statistics

Analogy (figurative or literal)

Personal Experience/Anecdote

Illustrative Example (brief or extended)

Expert/Personal Testimony

Hypothetical Case