Dairy cattle breeding in Europe: diversity of organizations and governance models -

X.DAVID – UNCEIA May 5th, 2014

Dairy cattle breeding in Europe: diversity of organizations and governance models

- Plan -

• Context of dairy cattle breeding in Europe

• Diversity of the organizations

• Perspectives

Context

Distribution of dairy cattle in Europe

Number of dairy cows / km²

European Dairy cattle breeding faced many breakthroughs recently

• 2007: semen sexing • 2008: Genomic selection • New national breeding legislation

– 2007: France – 2013: Germany

• Since 2000: Restructurating of the coops – Fewer but bigger and transnational companies

European Dairy cattle breeding

• Mostly breeders’ owned companies: cooperatives

• Specialization: only one species: cattle

• Production dedicated to Home-market

• A long history of innovations :

– Milk recording

– Embryo transfer

– Genomics

European Dairy cattle industry: breed diversity

Key figures World

Europe (EU-27)

Number of dairy cows

> 253 mil.

> 23 mil.

Yield (kg/an) 2,394 6,466

60 % Friesian type cows

40 % non-Friesian type cows (Montbéliarde, Fleckvieh, Brown Swiss, …

29 separate breeding populations (including local breeds)

Alternative to the unique HO model

Different Breeding goals within holstein breed

• Total Merit Index in 4 countries for Holstein

Type Udder health Other

Diversified genetics

Diversity of Organizations

European Dairy cattle industry: still a diversity of national organizations

• EU legislation on zootechnics

• Strong impact of Member states

• Still some state fundings

Germany: Federal organisation

• Breeder’s Organizations: AI + breeding

• One breeder’s owned calculation center: vit

• Milk recording associations

Holstein

North & East

• Many local organizations

• AI companies, Breeding association, milk recording

• Still funded by Bavarian state

• One state calculation center

Fleckvieh

South

Key points: • Split into 2 different regions and

breeds: • North: a few big organizations • South: fragmented organizations

with state funding

Routinely, Genomic Evaluation is run by calculation centers

France: a central national organization

Key points: • Inspired by the Breeding Law 66 • Organized by mission regionally

and nationally • One single database and one

single calculation center • State funding through

mission

French Livestock Genetics for Ruminants One single database: all breeds / all species

Routinely, Genomic evaluation is run by INRA and UNCEIA

UNCEIA

Breeding companies +

AI centers

Federation of Milkrecording associations

Regional Milk and beef

recording

associations

Federation of breeds

associations

One Breeders

association per breed

National Organization

for Registration

regional organizations

for registration

Viking: a transnational organization

Vikinggenetics

Breeding

Vikingdenmark

AI service

Swensk

AI service

Faba

AI service + Milkrecording

Key points • Strong common identity:

Nordic countries • One breeding goal for 3

countries • One common calculation

center for all breeds

Routinely, Genomic evaluation is run by the calculation center NAV

Calculation center

NAV

Netherlands: 1single organization

Breeder’s

Association

Calculation Centre

Breeding company

+AI Service

Milk recording

System

Key points • Extremly centralised • One main dairy breed:

Holstein • No state subsidies

Routinely, Genomic evaluation is run by

Perspectives

After 50 years of breeding

• Key assets:

–High quality genetics available for all breeders

–Diversity of genetics

–Data Quality especially fitness traits

–Genetics still belong to breeders’ owned organizations

New sources of data

New challenges : New entrants in cattle genetics

New challenges: EU zootechnicallegislation discussed

CONSEIL DE

L'UNION EUROPÉENNE

Bruxelles, le 13 février 2014

(OR. en)

Dossier interinstitutionnel:

2014/0032 (COD)

6445/14

AGRI 99

VETER 16

AGRILEG 33

ANIMAUX 10

CODEC 419

NOTE DE TRANSMISSION

Origine: Pour le Secrétaire général de la Commission européenne,

Monsieur Jordi AYET PUIGARNAU, Directeur

Date de réception: 11 février 2014

Destinataire: Monsieur Uwe CORSEPIUS, Secrétaire général du Conseil de l'Union

européenne

N° doc. Cion: COM(2014) 5 final

Objet: Proposition de RÈGLEMENT DU PARLEMENT EUROPÉEN ET

DU CONSEIL relatif aux conditions zootechniques et généalogiques

applicables aux échanges et aux importations dans l'Union d'animaux

reproducteurs et de leurs produits germinaux

Conclusion

• World is changing…

• …Need of adaptation and innovation

• Go for collaborations from national to international levels