MA LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE WRITTLE COLLEGE

2012-2014

DAISY PARSONS

GLASTONBURY IN RUINSFINAL PROJECT

2014

CHELMER ARBORETUMFIRST SEMESTER PROJECT

2013-14

CONSTRUCTION DETAILSCONVERSION YEAR

2012-13

MA LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE WRITTLE COLLEGE

2012-2014

DAISY PARSONS

BRIEF: TO REDESIGN THE PARKLAND SURROUNDING THE RUINS OF GLASTONBURY ABBEY IN A WAY THAT IS SENSITIVE TO THE HISTORY OF THE SITE WHILST CELEBRATING ITS ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSETS.

LOCAL AREA STRATEGY PLAN

Abbey Park

Wearyall Hill

Parking in Street

Chalice Well Healing Gardens

Glastonbury Tor

The network of footpaths links car parking in the nearby village of Street with the pilgrimage route that runs west-east from Wearyall Hill with the Glastonbury Thorn, through Abbey Park, across to the Chalice Well Healing Gardens and then up to the Tor, from where a view over the whole park can be taken in - at this point public footpaths lead out towards Worthy Farm at Pilton where Glastonbury Festival is held

A raised walkway whose structure evokes the forms in the ruins is constructed from steel and timber, with wire trellis and affords the visitor a new perspective of the ruins.

GLASTONBURY IN RUINSFINAL PROJECT

2014

SCALE IN KILOMETRES

0 2 N

Worthy Farm

0 10

SCALE IN METRES

PLAN VIEW OF PROPOSED DESIGN FOR ABBEY PARK

0 100 NSCALE IN METRES

The Ravine Paths winding through limestone boulders, reflecting the site’s geological and architectural heritage

The PlateauPaths in the Ravine lead to the highest point on the site, from which the whole park can be surveyed

The Amphitheatre and Covered HallBehind the amphitheatre, a building with a vegetated roof set into the slope provides a performance space for inclement weather

Glastonbury thornA hawthorn flowering at Easter and Christmas and associated with Joseph of Arimathea, lines the eastern market road

The GladesA wooded expanse of varying density, planted with trees important in the Landscape Character Area

To Chalice Well Healing Gardensand Glastonbury Tor

Abbot’s Canal Entrance Forms main point of entry for both festival-goers

and pilgrims

The LabyrinthIn keeping with the concept of ruins, this is

deliberately not a true labyrinth, as it has unexpected dead ends

Abbot’s KitchenThe surviving kitchen houses a cafe, the old

kitchen garden serving as an outdoor seating area and performance space

The Great LakeA retaining pool reflects the hydrological

heritage of the area - neolithic tracks, lake villages, King Arthur and the flooding Levels

Abbot’s Canal MarketThe main path leading into the site

accommodates market stalls and follows the route of the mediaeval abbot’s canal

To Wearyall Hill for the

Glastonbury Thorn

Cloister GardenA reflecting pool with stepping stone surrounded

by living willow walls

Monks’ OrchardGrowing Somerset’s traditional and threatened varities, such as the Hangdown of Glastonbury

Monks’ PatchA community garden of 0.5 acres

Nave TheatreA glass roof and raised flooring allows use of the nave as a space for both ritual and music

Sacred Figs Line paths and populate the meditation garden

Abbey House RetreatSurrounded by the Meditation Garden, which is lined with trees to buffer festival sounds

MEDITATION GARDEN DETAIL PLAN

0 20SCALE IN METRES N

Drifts of shrubs, herbaceous perennials and annuals, along with raised or sunken pools form a walkable maze - pools are planted with species that are rare or endemic to the local area, such as the sedge Carex evoluta and a species of carnivorous sundew.

STRATEGY DIAGRAMS

CIRCULATION

TRAFFIC AND CIRCULATION

SUSTAINABLE DRAINAGE

PROGRAMME

GRADING

Meditation RecreationProduction

Trajectories are all arched

Lower ground

Overflows run through channels

to the Levels

Water enters pools on site

Meditation

PlayRecreation

Circulation is hierarchical

Higher ground

Runoff flowsdown through channels

PedestrianShared spaceVehicularPark pathsBlue badge baysEntrances

Organisedevents

Markets

5

SCALE IN METRES

N

An arch of paving encroaches on the pool, with a sacred fig and planting bed that provides some privacy and defensible space.

0

MEDITATION GARDEN DETAIL

Phenomena on which to meditate abound: a corten steel arch half is completed by its reflection in the water; dappled sunlight through leaves; the watery mirror of the sky.

MEDITATION GARDEN PERSPECTIVE

The nave is reactivated as a place for both worship and music - such use brings revenue that will help to preserve it

Raised flooring and glass panels help to protect the ruins from human damage, and a glass roof offers protection from rain to both ruins and audiences or congregations

NAVE THEATRE BY DAY AND BY NIGHT EAST MARKET ROAD AND TOR VIEW ENTRANCE

The Glastonbury Thorn, Crataegus monogyna ‘biflora’, flowers at Easter and Christmas - this passage of hawthorn with a view of the Tor echoes another passage of hawthorn futher up the mount on the approach to the Tor

n0

crataegus monogyna 'biflora'

sambucus nigra'gerda'

achillea ptarmica

achillea ptarmica

achillea ptarmica

chamaemelum nobile

chamaemelum nobile

calluna vulgaris

calluna vulgaris

calluna vulgaris

hypericum perforatum

hypericum perforatum

alchemillamollis

alchemillamollis

lunariaannua

aquilegiavulgaris

achilleaptarmica

sambucusnigra'gerda'

chamaemelonnobile

callunavulgaris

crataegus monogyna'biflora'

hypericumperforatum

alchemillamollis

genistatinctora

genistatinctoria

4mauthor, 2014

bbc, 2014 davis, 2014

rhs, 2014 cantes, 2014board, 2014

author, 2014

author, 2014forten, 2014 alchemy, 2014

mavis, 2014glastonbury abbey, 2014

genistatinctoria

Plants obscure dead ends and are chosen for their symbolism - red colour for the holy blood, elders to keep black magic away, self-seeding annuals for the unceasing turn of time and change.

LABYRINTH PLANTING PLANCLOISTER GARDEN MATERIALS PLAN

n0 8m

moreton, 2014

carson, 2014watts, 2014

sampson, 2014 calder, 2014

living willowfence

corten steel

sculpture

water

glasscanopy

limestonepavers

limestonebenches

felding, 2014

n0 4m

Stepping stones take paths leading somewhere or nowhere, whilst some are submerged - all echoing the concept of ruin.

SCALE IN METRES

SCALE IN METRES

Raised seating looks down over a stage area with fountains and light displays, set against the backdrop of the ruins framed by trees

PERSPECTIVE VIEW FROM AMPHITHEATRE NORTH WEST TOWARDS RUINS

BRIEF: TO CREATE A NEW WOODLAND PARK AT THE CONFLUENCE OF THE RIVERS CHELMER AND CAN IN CHELMSFORD. THE PARK SHOULD IMPROVE THE ECOLOGICAL AND CULTURAL VALUE OF THE SITE.

CHELMER ARBORETUMFIRST SEMESTER PROJECT

2013-14

CHELMER ARBORETUMStrengthening our city

Daisy ParsonsWrittle School of Design

The Meaning of the Forest

Culture

Ecology

Flooding CarbonPollution HabitatHeat Island

The Forest in our Collective Consciousness

Economic Benefits

Mental and Physical Health

0

0 0

0

0

0

0

0 10m

10m

200m

3km

3km

100m

200m 10m0 100m

N

N N

N

N

N

N

N

AA’

B

B’A

A’B

B’Detail Areawith materials

Seasonal Perspectives

Section A-A’

Perspective of Mill

Section B-B’

Planting Plan

Site Plan

Section A-A’Key to Drawings

Perspective of Mill

Section B-B ’ PerspectiveHigh Street

Seasonal Perspectives

Spring Summer Autumn

Detail Area with materials Proposal

Flooding has a huge effect on the city of Chelmsford, and forests can mitigate this effect. They do this by dissipating the kinetic energy of the volume of water moving along and out of the river channel. They also offer the benefit of water storage as it is drawn up by the roots of the trees and is transpired through their leaves. Flood waters are brown in colour because of the sediment they carry, and thus they can cause soil erosion. Tree root systems help to stabilise soil structures and therefore reduce the amount of erosion at times of flood.

The idea of the forest looms large in our history as a species, as a nation, and in the history of the county of Essex.

In Europe in particular the mythos of our ancestors is represented by a vast collection of stories related to forests, woodland and trees. The fairy stories that have come down to us testify to this. Little Red Riding Hood must traverse a dark forest , Sleeping Beauty is imprisoned in a forest of thorns, Snow White must survive hidden in the woods, having been shown mercy by a woodsman, and Hansel and Gretel are abandoned to die in a forest.

In our British history, the forest is a central theme in our myth-making as well. Sherwood Forest gives Robin Hood a hideout, The Babes in the Wood wander into the woods following their parents’ deaths, the forest is the scene for the tangled mischief of A Midsummer Night’s Dream; forests form the setting for the tales of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table; The Wind in the Willows gives us the Wild Wood; and the sacred groves of the Druids and the image of the mysterious ‘Green Man’ inspire feelings of awe at the rites of peoples that once inhabited this ‘green and pleasant land’.

Essex itself has a history concerning the woods also. The word ‘forest’ originally referred to any area of land given over to the king who thereby had the sole right to hunt here. For over a thousand years, Essex has continually been designated as forest, at some times in part and at some times completely.

The forest is the setting for such adventure precisely because it is not the town. Things here are hidden and full of mystery. We do, however, see an evolution in the mythic status of the forest in England. Whilst it had been for many centuries as the haunt of beasts and phantoms, it was also always used for timber, which is why the urban landscape always has a very close relationship with the forest. The need for timber grew vastly in concert with the industrial revolution, and so around this time woodland became more and more a commodity. From the twentieth century, however, it has come to be used as a place for recreation, and the love of the forest has grown in us as a nation.

The heat island effect that cities have been shown to produce in their environments is caused by the inability of hard surfaces such as concrete, asphalt, brick and stone to absorb heat. Trees and other vertical vegetation masses have just this ability that the hard surfaces lack.

Tree roots filter water pollution from surface runoff, and their leaves have a similar effect on air pollution. Particulates are taken in through the stomata on the surface of the leaves and are retained within the plant whilst oxygen is given out.

Forests are a vital element of the British landscape where habitat for wild animals is concerned. They provide cover for movement of otherwise vulnerable individuals, and as well as being a home in themselves, they therefore afford landscapes permeability.

Carbon offsetting is a term that is heard everywhere at the moment, and forests are a huge factor in this. Trees take carbon from the air to use in photosynthesis, and store it for the duration of their lives, some hundreds of years.

Woodland is increasingly seen as a place for recreation and outdoor activity. The benefits of contact with ‘nature’, with vegetation and fresh air have now been confirmed by scientific studies.

This benefit to our physical and mental health helps to relieve the enormous strain from our National Health Service. The impact that forests have on flooding will help to reduce the financial cost of these sudden and extreme weather conditions. Pollution in our air and water, as well as carbon releases and the heat island effect are all problems that we will be forced to deal with in the near future. Planting more woodland will help to reduce the effects of these problems and set us on a path in the right direction for our future.

TheatreConverted from the gas works, to seat around 1000 people, and to host both local performers and nationally-known names.

GalleryConverted from the gas works, to show both local and nationally-known artists. Ground floor parking is the first level of the building

Street TreesGuiding people from the town centre towards the arboretum and linking the forest with Central Park.

Street TreesMasking the sounds of traffic crossing the flyover.

Cycle PathJoining the cycle network from Central Park through the site and beyond.

Vehicular AccessFrom the town centre to the gallery and theatre as well as to the Essex Records Office

Forest RetailLocal commercial businesses in the building converted from the Tesco Home Plus. EcoCentre

Headquarters and information centre for the forest regeneration project.

Street TreesGuiding people from the residential areas towards the arboretum.

Cycle PathLinking the cycle network from Central Park through the site and downstream to Maldon.

EntranceSecondary entry point for people coming from residential area.

EntrancePrimary entry point for people coming from residential areas.

Allotments

Industrial EstateTo be converted to residential as per the council’s suggestions.

The WharfAllowing users to interact with the water’s edge, via ramps or stairs, with ledges providing seating.

Moulsham MillWith cafe and outdoor seating, as well as craft centre and other businesses.

Kayak LandingA gentle slope of short grass to allow kayakers to disembark and ground kayaks, to provide a stop point for meeting and relaxing.

The Solar PondWalkable solar panels form the flooring for outdoor seating, providing the mill with electricity and reflecting the mill on its surface as the mill pond would once have done.

BoardwalkLocally-sourced oak timber provides the panels for the decking. Grooves in the surface are painted non-slip. Structures are raised in the decking to provide seating in the same material.

FootbridgeA timber footbridge provides access over Parkway to the residential areas and library.

Road IslandRoad island planted with trees provides an easy crossing point for pedestrians.

BackwaterFollowing the original course of the Chelmer, the backwater provides a different kind of habitat from that offered by the running river.

BaysArtificial bays provide a shallower edge and a micro-habitat for a different kind of ecosystem.

SeatingA step down running the length of the boardwalk provides seating with a view of the backwater and forest.

The large-scale aim of the design is to connect the woodland at Danbury through the arboretum and all the way to Epping Forest.

Chelmsford

Chelmsford

Arboretum

Arboretum

Epping Forest

Epping Forest

These areas of the site are less prone to flooding, and will be planted with species representative of the landscape character areas which Chelmsford straddles: 86 and 111.

These areas have a high flood risk and will be planted with water-tolerant species, primarily Populus nigra ssp. betulifolia, as well as Salix spp. and Alnus glutinosa.

Areas closer to the town centre will be dominated by ornamental species prized for their spring or autumn colour as well as for scientific value.

These areas have some flooding, so will be planted with natives that can tolerate short periods of inundation, such as Betula spp. and Cornus spp.

Edge ConditionA permeable edge has a gradually decreasing height of vegetation and becomes less dense towards the edge.

Boardwalk MillBackwaterBridgeWet WoodlandKayak LandingThe WharfRiver Chelmer

Legacy Media, 2013 Radio Four, 2013 Okron, 2013 Rough Guides, 2013 Wizitch, 2013

Green Man, 2013

Edward Robert Hughes, 1908 Randolph Caldicott, 1879

Westonbirt Arboretum, 2013

Parsons, 2013

CHELMER ARBORETUMStrengthening our city

Daisy ParsonsWrittle School of Design

The Meaning of the Forest

Culture

Ecology

Flooding CarbonPollution HabitatHeat Island

The Forest in our Collective Consciousness

Economic Benefits

Mental and Physical Health

0

0 0

0

0

0

0

0 10m

10m

200m

3km

3km

100m

200m 10m0 100m

N

N N

N

N

N

N

N

AA’

B

B’A

A’B

B’Detail Areawith materials

Seasonal Perspectives

Section A-A’

Perspective of Mill

Section B-B’

Planting Plan

Site Plan

Section A-A’Key to Drawings

Perspective of Mill

Section B-B ’ PerspectiveHigh Street

Seasonal Perspectives

Spring Summer Autumn

Detail Area with materials Proposal

Flooding has a huge effect on the city of Chelmsford, and forests can mitigate this effect. They do this by dissipating the kinetic energy of the volume of water moving along and out of the river channel. They also offer the benefit of water storage as it is drawn up by the roots of the trees and is transpired through their leaves. Flood waters are brown in colour because of the sediment they carry, and thus they can cause soil erosion. Tree root systems help to stabilise soil structures and therefore reduce the amount of erosion at times of flood.

The idea of the forest looms large in our history as a species, as a nation, and in the history of the county of Essex.

In Europe in particular the mythos of our ancestors is represented by a vast collection of stories related to forests, woodland and trees. The fairy stories that have come down to us testify to this. Little Red Riding Hood must traverse a dark forest , Sleeping Beauty is imprisoned in a forest of thorns, Snow White must survive hidden in the woods, having been shown mercy by a woodsman, and Hansel and Gretel are abandoned to die in a forest.

In our British history, the forest is a central theme in our myth-making as well. Sherwood Forest gives Robin Hood a hideout, The Babes in the Wood wander into the woods following their parents’ deaths, the forest is the scene for the tangled mischief of A Midsummer Night’s Dream; forests form the setting for the tales of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table; The Wind in the Willows gives us the Wild Wood; and the sacred groves of the Druids and the image of the mysterious ‘Green Man’ inspire feelings of awe at the rites of peoples that once inhabited this ‘green and pleasant land’.

Essex itself has a history concerning the woods also. The word ‘forest’ originally referred to any area of land given over to the king who thereby had the sole right to hunt here. For over a thousand years, Essex has continually been designated as forest, at some times in part and at some times completely.

The forest is the setting for such adventure precisely because it is not the town. Things here are hidden and full of mystery. We do, however, see an evolution in the mythic status of the forest in England. Whilst it had been for many centuries as the haunt of beasts and phantoms, it was also always used for timber, which is why the urban landscape always has a very close relationship with the forest. The need for timber grew vastly in concert with the industrial revolution, and so around this time woodland became more and more a commodity. From the twentieth century, however, it has come to be used as a place for recreation, and the love of the forest has grown in us as a nation.

The heat island effect that cities have been shown to produce in their environments is caused by the inability of hard surfaces such as concrete, asphalt, brick and stone to absorb heat. Trees and other vertical vegetation masses have just this ability that the hard surfaces lack.

Tree roots filter water pollution from surface runoff, and their leaves have a similar effect on air pollution. Particulates are taken in through the stomata on the surface of the leaves and are retained within the plant whilst oxygen is given out.

Forests are a vital element of the British landscape where habitat for wild animals is concerned. They provide cover for movement of otherwise vulnerable individuals, and as well as being a home in themselves, they therefore afford landscapes permeability.

Carbon offsetting is a term that is heard everywhere at the moment, and forests are a huge factor in this. Trees take carbon from the air to use in photosynthesis, and store it for the duration of their lives, some hundreds of years.

Woodland is increasingly seen as a place for recreation and outdoor activity. The benefits of contact with ‘nature’, with vegetation and fresh air have now been confirmed by scientific studies.

This benefit to our physical and mental health helps to relieve the enormous strain from our National Health Service. The impact that forests have on flooding will help to reduce the financial cost of these sudden and extreme weather conditions. Pollution in our air and water, as well as carbon releases and the heat island effect are all problems that we will be forced to deal with in the near future. Planting more woodland will help to reduce the effects of these problems and set us on a path in the right direction for our future.

TheatreConverted from the gas works, to seat around 1000 people, and to host both local performers and nationally-known names.

GalleryConverted from the gas works, to show both local and nationally-known artists. Ground floor parking is the first level of the building

Street TreesGuiding people from the town centre towards the arboretum and linking the forest with Central Park.

Street TreesMasking the sounds of traffic crossing the flyover.

Cycle PathJoining the cycle network from Central Park through the site and beyond.

Vehicular AccessFrom the town centre to the gallery and theatre as well as to the Essex Records Office

Forest RetailLocal commercial businesses in the building converted from the Tesco Home Plus. EcoCentre

Headquarters and information centre for the forest regeneration project.

Street TreesGuiding people from the residential areas towards the arboretum.

Cycle PathLinking the cycle network from Central Park through the site and downstream to Maldon.

EntranceSecondary entry point for people coming from residential area.

EntrancePrimary entry point for people coming from residential areas.

Allotments

Industrial EstateTo be converted to residential as per the council’s suggestions.

The WharfAllowing users to interact with the water’s edge, via ramps or stairs, with ledges providing seating.

Moulsham MillWith cafe and outdoor seating, as well as craft centre and other businesses.

Kayak LandingA gentle slope of short grass to allow kayakers to disembark and ground kayaks, to provide a stop point for meeting and relaxing.

The Solar PondWalkable solar panels form the flooring for outdoor seating, providing the mill with electricity and reflecting the mill on its surface as the mill pond would once have done.

BoardwalkLocally-sourced oak timber provides the panels for the decking. Grooves in the surface are painted non-slip. Structures are raised in the decking to provide seating in the same material.

FootbridgeA timber footbridge provides access over Parkway to the residential areas and library.

Road IslandRoad island planted with trees provides an easy crossing point for pedestrians.

BackwaterFollowing the original course of the Chelmer, the backwater provides a different kind of habitat from that offered by the running river.

BaysArtificial bays provide a shallower edge and a micro-habitat for a different kind of ecosystem.

SeatingA step down running the length of the boardwalk provides seating with a view of the backwater and forest.

The large-scale aim of the design is to connect the woodland at Danbury through the arboretum and all the way to Epping Forest.

Chelmsford

Chelmsford

Arboretum

Arboretum

Epping Forest

Epping Forest

These areas of the site are less prone to flooding, and will be planted with species representative of the landscape character areas which Chelmsford straddles: 86 and 111.

These areas have a high flood risk and will be planted with water-tolerant species, primarily Populus nigra ssp. betulifolia, as well as Salix spp. and Alnus glutinosa.

Areas closer to the town centre will be dominated by ornamental species prized for their spring or autumn colour as well as for scientific value.

These areas have some flooding, so will be planted with natives that can tolerate short periods of inundation, such as Betula spp. and Cornus spp.

Edge ConditionA permeable edge has a gradually decreasing height of vegetation and becomes less dense towards the edge.

Boardwalk MillBackwaterBridgeWet WoodlandKayak LandingThe WharfRiver Chelmer

Legacy Media, 2013 Radio Four, 2013 Okron, 2013 Rough Guides, 2013 Wizitch, 2013

Green Man, 2013

Edward Robert Hughes, 1908 Randolph Caldicott, 1879

Westonbirt Arboretum, 2013

Parsons, 2013

MILL PLAZA

CHELMER ARBORETUMStrengthening our city

Daisy ParsonsWrittle School of Design

The Meaning of the Forest

Culture

Ecology

Flooding CarbonPollution HabitatHeat Island

The Forest in our Collective Consciousness

Economic Benefits

Mental and Physical Health

0

0 0

0

0

0

0

0 10m

10m

200m

3km

3km

100m

200m 10m0 100m

N

N N

N

N

N

N

N

AA’

B

B’A

A’B

B’Detail Areawith materials

Seasonal Perspectives

Section A-A’

Perspective of Mill

Section B-B’

Planting Plan

Site Plan

Section A-A’Key to Drawings

Perspective of Mill

Section B-B ’ PerspectiveHigh Street

Seasonal Perspectives

Spring Summer Autumn

Detail Area with materials Proposal

Flooding has a huge effect on the city of Chelmsford, and forests can mitigate this effect. They do this by dissipating the kinetic energy of the volume of water moving along and out of the river channel. They also offer the benefit of water storage as it is drawn up by the roots of the trees and is transpired through their leaves. Flood waters are brown in colour because of the sediment they carry, and thus they can cause soil erosion. Tree root systems help to stabilise soil structures and therefore reduce the amount of erosion at times of flood.

The idea of the forest looms large in our history as a species, as a nation, and in the history of the county of Essex.

In Europe in particular the mythos of our ancestors is represented by a vast collection of stories related to forests, woodland and trees. The fairy stories that have come down to us testify to this. Little Red Riding Hood must traverse a dark forest , Sleeping Beauty is imprisoned in a forest of thorns, Snow White must survive hidden in the woods, having been shown mercy by a woodsman, and Hansel and Gretel are abandoned to die in a forest.

In our British history, the forest is a central theme in our myth-making as well. Sherwood Forest gives Robin Hood a hideout, The Babes in the Wood wander into the woods following their parents’ deaths, the forest is the scene for the tangled mischief of A Midsummer Night’s Dream; forests form the setting for the tales of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table; The Wind in the Willows gives us the Wild Wood; and the sacred groves of the Druids and the image of the mysterious ‘Green Man’ inspire feelings of awe at the rites of peoples that once inhabited this ‘green and pleasant land’.

Essex itself has a history concerning the woods also. The word ‘forest’ originally referred to any area of land given over to the king who thereby had the sole right to hunt here. For over a thousand years, Essex has continually been designated as forest, at some times in part and at some times completely.

The forest is the setting for such adventure precisely because it is not the town. Things here are hidden and full of mystery. We do, however, see an evolution in the mythic status of the forest in England. Whilst it had been for many centuries as the haunt of beasts and phantoms, it was also always used for timber, which is why the urban landscape always has a very close relationship with the forest. The need for timber grew vastly in concert with the industrial revolution, and so around this time woodland became more and more a commodity. From the twentieth century, however, it has come to be used as a place for recreation, and the love of the forest has grown in us as a nation.

The heat island effect that cities have been shown to produce in their environments is caused by the inability of hard surfaces such as concrete, asphalt, brick and stone to absorb heat. Trees and other vertical vegetation masses have just this ability that the hard surfaces lack.

Tree roots filter water pollution from surface runoff, and their leaves have a similar effect on air pollution. Particulates are taken in through the stomata on the surface of the leaves and are retained within the plant whilst oxygen is given out.

Forests are a vital element of the British landscape where habitat for wild animals is concerned. They provide cover for movement of otherwise vulnerable individuals, and as well as being a home in themselves, they therefore afford landscapes permeability.

Carbon offsetting is a term that is heard everywhere at the moment, and forests are a huge factor in this. Trees take carbon from the air to use in photosynthesis, and store it for the duration of their lives, some hundreds of years.

Woodland is increasingly seen as a place for recreation and outdoor activity. The benefits of contact with ‘nature’, with vegetation and fresh air have now been confirmed by scientific studies.

This benefit to our physical and mental health helps to relieve the enormous strain from our National Health Service. The impact that forests have on flooding will help to reduce the financial cost of these sudden and extreme weather conditions. Pollution in our air and water, as well as carbon releases and the heat island effect are all problems that we will be forced to deal with in the near future. Planting more woodland will help to reduce the effects of these problems and set us on a path in the right direction for our future.

TheatreConverted from the gas works, to seat around 1000 people, and to host both local performers and nationally-known names.

GalleryConverted from the gas works, to show both local and nationally-known artists. Ground floor parking is the first level of the building

Street TreesGuiding people from the town centre towards the arboretum and linking the forest with Central Park.

Street TreesMasking the sounds of traffic crossing the flyover.

Cycle PathJoining the cycle network from Central Park through the site and beyond.

Vehicular AccessFrom the town centre to the gallery and theatre as well as to the Essex Records Office

Forest RetailLocal commercial businesses in the building converted from the Tesco Home Plus. EcoCentre

Headquarters and information centre for the forest regeneration project.

Street TreesGuiding people from the residential areas towards the arboretum.

Cycle PathLinking the cycle network from Central Park through the site and downstream to Maldon.

EntranceSecondary entry point for people coming from residential area.

EntrancePrimary entry point for people coming from residential areas.

Allotments

Industrial EstateTo be converted to residential as per the council’s suggestions.

The WharfAllowing users to interact with the water’s edge, via ramps or stairs, with ledges providing seating.

Moulsham MillWith cafe and outdoor seating, as well as craft centre and other businesses.

Kayak LandingA gentle slope of short grass to allow kayakers to disembark and ground kayaks, to provide a stop point for meeting and relaxing.

The Solar PondWalkable solar panels form the flooring for outdoor seating, providing the mill with electricity and reflecting the mill on its surface as the mill pond would once have done.

BoardwalkLocally-sourced oak timber provides the panels for the decking. Grooves in the surface are painted non-slip. Structures are raised in the decking to provide seating in the same material.

FootbridgeA timber footbridge provides access over Parkway to the residential areas and library.

Road IslandRoad island planted with trees provides an easy crossing point for pedestrians.

BackwaterFollowing the original course of the Chelmer, the backwater provides a different kind of habitat from that offered by the running river.

BaysArtificial bays provide a shallower edge and a micro-habitat for a different kind of ecosystem.

SeatingA step down running the length of the boardwalk provides seating with a view of the backwater and forest.

The large-scale aim of the design is to connect the woodland at Danbury through the arboretum and all the way to Epping Forest.

Chelmsford

Chelmsford

Arboretum

Arboretum

Epping Forest

Epping Forest

These areas of the site are less prone to flooding, and will be planted with species representative of the landscape character areas which Chelmsford straddles: 86 and 111.

These areas have a high flood risk and will be planted with water-tolerant species, primarily Populus nigra ssp. betulifolia, as well as Salix spp. and Alnus glutinosa.

Areas closer to the town centre will be dominated by ornamental species prized for their spring or autumn colour as well as for scientific value.

These areas have some flooding, so will be planted with natives that can tolerate short periods of inundation, such as Betula spp. and Cornus spp.

Edge ConditionA permeable edge has a gradually decreasing height of vegetation and becomes less dense towards the edge.

Boardwalk MillBackwaterBridgeWet WoodlandKayak LandingThe WharfRiver Chelmer

Legacy Media, 2013 Radio Four, 2013 Okron, 2013 Rough Guides, 2013 Wizitch, 2013

Green Man, 2013

Edward Robert Hughes, 1908 Randolph Caldicott, 1879

Westonbirt Arboretum, 2013

Parsons, 2013

PERGOLAISOMETRIC VIEW -FROM SOUTH WEST1:50

PLAN VIEW1:50

WALL BRACKETSISOMETRIC VIEW - FROM SOUTH WEST

1:5

BRACKETSISOMETRIC VIEW -FROM SOUTH WEST1:5

PERGOLA IN CONTEXTPLAN VIEW1:100

BRACKETS AND BOLTSISOMETRIC VIEW1:5

100mm150mm

447mm

392mm

445mm

R115mm R53mm

275mm

35mm47mm

10000mm

50mm

130mm

52mm

28mm

16mm

16mm

28mm

67mm

Ø16mm

Ø38mm

Ø18mm

50mm

5mm

105mm

100mm

Ø18mm

60mm

50mm60mm

5mm

105mm

100mm

60mm60mm

Ø18mm

50mm

120mm

55mm

50mm5mmØ18mm

100mm

494mm

120mm

55mm

125mm125mm

SURFACE AND FOUNDATIONSSIDE VIEW - FROM RIGHT/ WEST1:10

300mm

150mm

400mm

300mm

100mm

30mm

100mm

50mm

15mm

50mm150mm

250mm

150mm

20mm

100mm

125mm

300mm

Ø38mm

Ø16mm

Ø32mm

SUB-GRADE

DTP 3 HARDCORE SUB-BASE

CONCRETE FOUNDATION

WATERPROOF MEMBRANE

AGGREGATE BACKFILL

PERFORATE DRAINPIPEØ 100mm

LAID TO 1:200 FALL

DTP 3 HARDCORE SUB-BASE

CONCRETE FOUNDATION

DTP 3 HARDCORESUB-BASE

ASPHALT BINDER COURSE

RESIN-BOUND AGGREGATE SURFACETOPPED WITH GLASS SAND

GRANITE SETTDRAINAGECHANNEL

TIMBER SLEEPERS

WEEP HOLEØ17mm

STEEL PEG

50mm

PERGOLASIDE VIEW - FROM RIGHT/ WEST1:20

3295mm

2170mm

N

N

211

211

1

1

1

1

1

1

HAND-TROWELLED 15MM DEEP. RESIN TO BE CLEARAND UV STABLE. AGGREGATE OF SIZES 2-5MM,MINIMUM HARDNESS OF 6, MINIMUM POLISHED STONEVALUE OF 35EST. 'BIRCH' COLOUR FROM CLEARSTONEPAVING OR SIMILAR TO BE AGREED WITH DESIGNER.AGGREGATE TO BE WASHED, THEN BOUND WITH RESININ FORCED-ACTION MIXER. SCATTER ANTI-SLIP GLASSSAND ON TOP AND LEAVE SURFACE TO SET FOR 24HOURS. MAINTENANCE: WASH WITH POWER WASHERUSING APPROPRIATE PRESSURE AND NOZZELDISTANCE.

RESIN BOUND AGGREGATE SURFACE TO BE LAID ON50MM BINDER COURSE OF OPEN GRADED ASPHALTCONCRETE.

ASPHALT BINDER COURSE TO BE LAID ON 100MMSUB-BASE OF DTP TYPE 3 OPEN GRADED UNBOUNDAGGREGATE OF SIZES 20-40MM, WASHED ANDWELL-COMPACTED FOR 20% VOIDS.

RESIN BOUND AGGREGATE SURFACE

RECLAIMED GRANITE SETT DRAINAGE CHANNELS.HEWN AND WEATHERED FINISH, GREY COLOURS,100MM CUBES (9 11). THREE COURSES LAID IN ALONGITUDINAL DISHED CHANNEL. LAID ON 50MMDEEP MORTAR BED OF 4:1 BUILDING SAND TOORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT (BS 5628), JOINTSPOINTED.

RECLAIMED TIMBER SLEEPERS USED FOR RETAININGWALLS. UNTREATED OAK. 150 X 250 X VARIOUSLENGTHS. STABILISE SLEEPERS WITH GALVANISEDSTEEL ROD. PRE-DRILL HOLES FOR GALVANISED NAILSAND SCREWS. LAID ON IN SITU CONCRETEFOUNDATION, STRENGTH C20, AGGREGATE SIZE20MM, MEDIUM WORKABILITY (75MM SLUMP) - BS8500-1:2006. BS EN 942; BS EN 350-1. OAK IS CLASSEDAS DURABLE (CLASS 2) - LIFE EXPECTANCY 15-25YEARS. SWEET CHESTNUT OR CEDAR A VIABLEALTERNATIVE.

TIMBER: UNTREATED SWEET CHESTNUT. ROUGHHEWN AND SAWN FINISH. KILN-DRIED BUT NOTOVER-DRIED. PRE-DRILL HOLES FOR GALVANISEDNAILS AND SCREWS. POSTS: 125MM X 125MM X2400MM. BEAMS: 35MM X 150 X VARIOUS LENGTHS.RAFTERS: 47MM X 100MM X 3295MM. RAFTERSTHREADED WITH 3MM THICK GALVANISED WIRE ROPEAND FIXED TO WALLS WITH GALVANISED SCREWS OREXPANSION BOLTS THROUGH JOIST HANGERS - SEEHAND SKETCH ON SEPARATE SHEET. SWEETCHESTNUT IS CLASSED AS DURABLE (CLASS 2) - LIFEEXPECTANCY 15-25 YEARS. OAK OR CEDAR A VIABLEALTERNATIVE.

SUB-GRADE TO BE WELL-COMPACTED, ALL IMPURITIESAND GAPS REMOVED.

SOURCES FOR CONSTRUCTION DETAILS AND NOTES:FORTLAGE (1996, PP 2, 23, 40, 65, 69, 153); FORTLAGE(2001, VOL 3, PP 39, 41, 49); LITTLEWOOD (1993, VOL 1,PP 68, 87); LITTLEWOOD (1993, VOL 2, PP 48, 55, 82-4,148, 155, 162, 183, 191, 195); STEVENS ET AL. (1991, PP66-68, 98, 122); THALLON (2003, PP 20-1, 138-40).

NOTES

GALVANISED STEELJOIST HANGER

GALVANISED STEELCUP SQUARE BOLT

GALVANISED STEELBRACKET

GALVANISED STEELJOIST HANGERGALVANISED STEEL

COACH BOLT

GALVANISEDSTEEL NUT

GALVANISEDSTEEL WASHER

TIMBER POST

TIMBER BEAM

TIMBER RAFTER

21

21

21

21

21

21

Ø18mm

Ø32mmØ16mm

Ø16mm

Ø38mm

Ø16mm

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCTPR

OD

UC

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UC

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PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

PRO

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BY A

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DESK

EDU

CA

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UC

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PERGOLAISOMETRIC VIEW -FROM SOUTH WEST1:50

PLAN VIEW1:50

WALL BRACKETSISOMETRIC VIEW - FROM SOUTH WEST

1:5

BRACKETSISOMETRIC VIEW -FROM SOUTH WEST1:5

PERGOLA IN CONTEXTPLAN VIEW1:100

BRACKETS AND BOLTSISOMETRIC VIEW1:5

100mm150mm

447mm

392mm

445mm

R115mm R53mm

275mm

35mm47mm

10000mm

50mm

130mm

52mm

28mm

16mm

16mm

28mm

67mm

Ø16mm

Ø38mm

Ø18mm

50mm

5mm

105mm

100mm

Ø18mm

60mm

50mm60mm

5mm

105mm

100mm

60mm60mm

Ø18mm

50mm

120mm

55mm

50mm5mmØ18mm

100mm

494mm

120mm

55mm

125mm125mm

SURFACE AND FOUNDATIONSSIDE VIEW - FROM RIGHT/ WEST1:10

300mm

150mm

400mm

300mm

100mm

30mm

100mm

50mm

15mm

50mm150mm

250mm

150mm

20mm

100mm

125mm

300mm

Ø38mm

Ø16mm

Ø32mm

SUB-GRADE

DTP 3 HARDCORE SUB-BASE

CONCRETE FOUNDATION

WATERPROOF MEMBRANE

AGGREGATE BACKFILL

PERFORATE DRAINPIPEØ 100mm

LAID TO 1:200 FALL

DTP 3 HARDCORE SUB-BASE

CONCRETE FOUNDATION

DTP 3 HARDCORESUB-BASE

ASPHALT BINDER COURSE

RESIN-BOUND AGGREGATE SURFACETOPPED WITH GLASS SAND

GRANITE SETTDRAINAGECHANNEL

TIMBER SLEEPERS

WEEP HOLEØ17mm

STEEL PEG

50mm

PERGOLASIDE VIEW - FROM RIGHT/ WEST1:20

3295mm

2170mm

N

N

211

211

1

1

1

1

1

1

HAND-TROWELLED 15MM DEEP. RESIN TO BE CLEARAND UV STABLE. AGGREGATE OF SIZES 2-5MM,MINIMUM HARDNESS OF 6, MINIMUM POLISHED STONEVALUE OF 35EST. 'BIRCH' COLOUR FROM CLEARSTONEPAVING OR SIMILAR TO BE AGREED WITH DESIGNER.AGGREGATE TO BE WASHED, THEN BOUND WITH RESININ FORCED-ACTION MIXER. SCATTER ANTI-SLIP GLASSSAND ON TOP AND LEAVE SURFACE TO SET FOR 24HOURS. MAINTENANCE: WASH WITH POWER WASHERUSING APPROPRIATE PRESSURE AND NOZZELDISTANCE.

RESIN BOUND AGGREGATE SURFACE TO BE LAID ON50MM BINDER COURSE OF OPEN GRADED ASPHALTCONCRETE.

ASPHALT BINDER COURSE TO BE LAID ON 100MMSUB-BASE OF DTP TYPE 3 OPEN GRADED UNBOUNDAGGREGATE OF SIZES 20-40MM, WASHED ANDWELL-COMPACTED FOR 20% VOIDS.

RESIN BOUND AGGREGATE SURFACE

RECLAIMED GRANITE SETT DRAINAGE CHANNELS.HEWN AND WEATHERED FINISH, GREY COLOURS,100MM CUBES (9 11). THREE COURSES LAID IN ALONGITUDINAL DISHED CHANNEL. LAID ON 50MMDEEP MORTAR BED OF 4:1 BUILDING SAND TOORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT (BS 5628), JOINTSPOINTED.

RECLAIMED TIMBER SLEEPERS USED FOR RETAININGWALLS. UNTREATED OAK. 150 X 250 X VARIOUSLENGTHS. STABILISE SLEEPERS WITH GALVANISEDSTEEL ROD. PRE-DRILL HOLES FOR GALVANISED NAILSAND SCREWS. LAID ON IN SITU CONCRETEFOUNDATION, STRENGTH C20, AGGREGATE SIZE20MM, MEDIUM WORKABILITY (75MM SLUMP) - BS8500-1:2006. BS EN 942; BS EN 350-1. OAK IS CLASSEDAS DURABLE (CLASS 2) - LIFE EXPECTANCY 15-25YEARS. SWEET CHESTNUT OR CEDAR A VIABLEALTERNATIVE.

TIMBER: UNTREATED SWEET CHESTNUT. ROUGHHEWN AND SAWN FINISH. KILN-DRIED BUT NOTOVER-DRIED. PRE-DRILL HOLES FOR GALVANISEDNAILS AND SCREWS. POSTS: 125MM X 125MM X2400MM. BEAMS: 35MM X 150 X VARIOUS LENGTHS.RAFTERS: 47MM X 100MM X 3295MM. RAFTERSTHREADED WITH 3MM THICK GALVANISED WIRE ROPEAND FIXED TO WALLS WITH GALVANISED SCREWS OREXPANSION BOLTS THROUGH JOIST HANGERS - SEEHAND SKETCH ON SEPARATE SHEET. SWEETCHESTNUT IS CLASSED AS DURABLE (CLASS 2) - LIFEEXPECTANCY 15-25 YEARS. OAK OR CEDAR A VIABLEALTERNATIVE.

SUB-GRADE TO BE WELL-COMPACTED, ALL IMPURITIESAND GAPS REMOVED.

SOURCES FOR CONSTRUCTION DETAILS AND NOTES:FORTLAGE (1996, PP 2, 23, 40, 65, 69, 153); FORTLAGE(2001, VOL 3, PP 39, 41, 49); LITTLEWOOD (1993, VOL 1,PP 68, 87); LITTLEWOOD (1993, VOL 2, PP 48, 55, 82-4,148, 155, 162, 183, 191, 195); STEVENS ET AL. (1991, PP66-68, 98, 122); THALLON (2003, PP 20-1, 138-40).

NOTES

GALVANISED STEELJOIST HANGER

GALVANISED STEELCUP SQUARE BOLT

GALVANISED STEELBRACKET

GALVANISED STEELJOIST HANGERGALVANISED STEEL

COACH BOLT

GALVANISEDSTEEL NUT

GALVANISEDSTEEL WASHER

TIMBER POST

TIMBER BEAM

TIMBER RAFTER

21

21

21

21

21

21

Ø18mm

Ø32mmØ16mm

Ø16mm

Ø38mm

Ø16mm

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

PRO

DU

CED

BY

AN

AU

TOD

ESK

ED

UC

ATI

ON

AL

PRO

DU

CT

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

PRO

DU

CED

BY A

N A

UTO

DESK

EDU

CA

TION

AL PR

OD

UC

T

2400mm

400mm

150mm

100mm

50mm

600mm

100mm

300mm

100mm50mm

25mm50mm

50mm

424mmWEEP HOLEØ17mm

588mm

40mm

65mm

10mm

1mm

22mm

RETAINING WALL BENCHPLAN VIEW - 1:10

RETAINING WALL BENCHSIDE VIEWFROM RIGHT/EAST1:10

BENCH CONNECTORSISOMETRIC VIEW

FROM BELOW, SOUTH WEST1:2

RETAINING WALL BENCHISOMETRIC VIEWFROM SOUTH EAST1:10

WATERPROOFMEMBRANE

JETTYISOMETRIC VIEW

FROM SOUTH WEST1:50

JETTYSIDE VIEWFROM WEST/LEFT1:40

JETTY MEETS SHORE, SIDE VIEWFROM WEST/LEFT1:5

JETTY CONNECTORSISOMETRIC VIEW

FROM BELOW NORTH EAST1:4

Ø25mm

Ø12mmØ30mm

Ø12mm

20mm

PERFORATED DRAIN PIPEØ 100mmSET TO 1:200 FALL

SUB-GRADE

AGGREGATEBACKFILL

CONCRETE FOUNDATION

SUB-BASE

SUB-BASE

ASPHALT COURSE

RESIN-BOUNDAGGREGATE SURFACETOPPED WITH GLASS SAND

15mm

TIMBER SLEEPERS

Ø12mm 10mm

100mm

50mm

15mm

25mm

200mm

300mm

10000mm

2800mm

4000mm

N

N

BENCH AND JETTYIN CONTEXT

PLAN VIEW1:40

N

11

181

1

2

2

2

2

DTP 3 HARDCORE SUB-BASEASPHALT COURSE

RESIN-BOUND AGGREGATETOPPED WTIH GLASS SAND

STEEL SHEET PILING

PRE-CAST CONCRETE POST

GALVANISEDSTEEL PEG

WATER LEVELRESERVOIR BED

HAND-TROWELLED 15MM DEEP. RESIN TO BE CLEARAND UV STABLE. AGGREGATE OF SIZES 2-5MM,MINIMUM HARDNESS OF 6, MINIMUM POLISHEDSTONE VALUE OF 35EST. 'BIRCH' COLOUR FROMCLEARSTONE PAVING OR SIMILAR TO BE AGREEDWITH DESIGNER. AGGREGATE TO BE WASHED, THENBOUND WITH RESIN IN FORCED-ACTION MIXER.SCATTER ANTI-SLIP GLASS SAND ON TOP AND LEAVESURFACE TO SET FOR 24 HOURS. MAINTENANCE:WASH WITH POWER WASHER USING APPROPRIATEPRESSURE AND NOZZEL DISTANCE.

RESIN BOUND AGGREGATE SURFACE TO BE LAID ON50MM BINDER COURSE OF OPEN GRADED ASPHALTCONCRETE.

ASPHALT BINDER COURSE TO BE LAID ON 100MMSUB-BASE OF DTP TYPE 3 OPEN GRADED UNBOUNDAGGREGATE OF SIZES 20-40MM, WASHED ANDWELL-COMPACTED FOR 20% VOIDS.

MORTAR BEDDING

RECLAIMED GRANITE SETT DRAINAGE CHANNELS.HEWN AND WEATHERED FINISH, GREY COLOURS,100MM CUBES (9 11). THREE COURSES LAID IN ALONGITUDINAL DISHED CHANNEL. LAID ON 50MMDEEP MORTAR BED OF 4:1 BUILDING SAND TOORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT (BS 5628), JOINTSPOINTED.

RECLAIMED TIMBER SLEEPERS USED FOR RETAININGWALLS. UNTREATED OAK. 150 X 250 X VARIOUSLENGTHS. STABILISE SLEEPERS WITH STEEL ROD.WALL UNITS MAY BE BOLTED TOGETHER AT THE BACK- SEE HAND SKETCH AND PHOTOGRAPHS ONSEPARATE SHEET. PRE-DRILL HOLES FOR NAILS ANDSCREWS, WHICH MUST BE GALVANISED. LAID ON INSITU CONCRETE FOUNDATION, STRENGTH C20,AGGREGATE SIZE 20MM, MEDIUM WORKABILITY (75MMSLUMP) - BS 8500-1:2006. BS EN 942; BS EN 350-1. OAKIS CLASSED AS DURABLE (CLASS 2) - LIFE EXPECTANCY15-25 YEARS. SWEET CHESTNUT OR CEDAR A VIABLEALTERNATIVE.

TIMBER: UNTREATED SWEET CHESTNUT. ROUGHHEWN AND SAWN FINISH. KILN-DRIED BUT NOTOVER-DRIED. PRE-DRILL HOLES FOR GALVANISEDNAILS AND SCREWS TO FIX THROUGH GALVANISEDSTEEL CONNECTORS - SEE HAND DRAWN SKETCH ONSEPARATE SHEET. COAT JETTY DECK SURFACE WTIHGLASS SAND TO PROVIDE SKID RESISTANCE. JETTYDECK: 100MM X 30MM X VARIOUS LENGTHS. JETTYFRAME: 50MM X 200MM X VARIOUS LENGTHS. BENCHSEATS: 25MM X 50MM X 2400MM. BENCH FRAME:50MM X 50MM X VARIOUS LENGTHS. SWEETCHESTNUT IS CLASSED AS DURABLE (CLASS 2) - LIFEEXPECTANCY 15-25 YEARS. OAK OR CEDAR A VIABLEALTERNATIVE.

SUB-GRADE TO BE WELL-COMPACTED, ALLIMPURITIES AND GAPS REMOVED.

RESIN BOUND AGGREGATE SURFACE

CONCRETE POSTS SUPPORTING JETTY TO BEPRE-CAST WITH GALVANISED STEEL CONNECTOREMBEDDED TO ATTACH TO TIMBER FRAME - SEEHAND SKETCH ON SEPARATE SHEET. POSTS TO BEDRIVEN INTO RESERVOIR BED.

STEEL SHEET PILING TO BE DRIVEN INTO RESERVOIRBED TO RETAIN FILL ON BANK. TOP EDGE OF PILINGTO BE CAPPED WITH TIMBER TO PREVENT INJURY. IFNECESSARY, A SECOND LAYER OF PILING MAY BEDRIVEN INTO BANK BEHIND FIRST AND BOLTED TO ITFOR ADDITIONAL SUPPORT.

CONCRETE POST

TIMBER FRAME

GALVANISED STEELCUP SQUARE BOLTS

TIMBER DECK

FRAME BOLTEDTO RETAINING WALL

SOURCES FOR CONSTRUCTION DETAILS AND NOTES:FORTLAGE (1996, PP 2, 23, 40, 65, 69, 153); FORTLAGE(2001, VOL 3, PP 39, 41, 49, 88); LITTLEWOOD (1993,VOL 1, PP 68, 87); LITTLEWOOD (1993, VOL 2, PP 48, 55,82-4, 88, 148, 155, 162, 183, 191, 195); STEVENS ET AL.(1991, PP 66-68, 98, 132); THALLON (2003, PP 20-1, 110,118); MCLEOD (2008, PP 52, 143, 166);

NOTES

1818

18

18

18

18

18

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

PRO

DU

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BY

AN

AU

TOD

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PRO

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PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

PRO

DU

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BY A

N A

UTO

DESK

EDU

CA

TION

AL PR

OD

UC

T

2400mm

400mm

150mm

100mm

50mm

600mm

100mm

300mm

100mm50mm

25mm50mm

50mm

424mmWEEP HOLEØ17mm

588mm

40mm

65mm

10mm

1mm

22mm

RETAINING WALL BENCHPLAN VIEW - 1:10

RETAINING WALL BENCHSIDE VIEWFROM RIGHT/EAST1:10

BENCH CONNECTORSISOMETRIC VIEW

FROM BELOW, SOUTH WEST1:2

RETAINING WALL BENCHISOMETRIC VIEWFROM SOUTH EAST1:10

WATERPROOFMEMBRANE

JETTYISOMETRIC VIEW

FROM SOUTH WEST1:50

JETTYSIDE VIEWFROM WEST/LEFT1:40

JETTY MEETS SHORE, SIDE VIEWFROM WEST/LEFT1:5

JETTY CONNECTORSISOMETRIC VIEW

FROM BELOW NORTH EAST1:4

Ø25mm

Ø12mmØ30mm

Ø12mm

20mm

PERFORATED DRAIN PIPEØ 100mmSET TO 1:200 FALL

SUB-GRADE

AGGREGATEBACKFILL

CONCRETE FOUNDATION

SUB-BASE

SUB-BASE

ASPHALT COURSE

RESIN-BOUNDAGGREGATE SURFACETOPPED WITH GLASS SAND

15mm

TIMBER SLEEPERS

Ø12mm 10mm

100mm

50mm

15mm

25mm

200mm

300mm

10000mm

2800mm

4000mm

N

N

BENCH AND JETTYIN CONTEXT

PLAN VIEW1:40

N

11

181

1

2

2

2

2

DTP 3 HARDCORE SUB-BASEASPHALT COURSE

RESIN-BOUND AGGREGATETOPPED WTIH GLASS SAND

STEEL SHEET PILING

PRE-CAST CONCRETE POST

GALVANISEDSTEEL PEG

WATER LEVELRESERVOIR BED

HAND-TROWELLED 15MM DEEP. RESIN TO BE CLEARAND UV STABLE. AGGREGATE OF SIZES 2-5MM,MINIMUM HARDNESS OF 6, MINIMUM POLISHEDSTONE VALUE OF 35EST. 'BIRCH' COLOUR FROMCLEARSTONE PAVING OR SIMILAR TO BE AGREEDWITH DESIGNER. AGGREGATE TO BE WASHED, THENBOUND WITH RESIN IN FORCED-ACTION MIXER.SCATTER ANTI-SLIP GLASS SAND ON TOP AND LEAVESURFACE TO SET FOR 24 HOURS. MAINTENANCE:WASH WITH POWER WASHER USING APPROPRIATEPRESSURE AND NOZZEL DISTANCE.

RESIN BOUND AGGREGATE SURFACE TO BE LAID ON50MM BINDER COURSE OF OPEN GRADED ASPHALTCONCRETE.

ASPHALT BINDER COURSE TO BE LAID ON 100MMSUB-BASE OF DTP TYPE 3 OPEN GRADED UNBOUNDAGGREGATE OF SIZES 20-40MM, WASHED ANDWELL-COMPACTED FOR 20% VOIDS.

MORTAR BEDDING

RECLAIMED GRANITE SETT DRAINAGE CHANNELS.HEWN AND WEATHERED FINISH, GREY COLOURS,100MM CUBES (9 11). THREE COURSES LAID IN ALONGITUDINAL DISHED CHANNEL. LAID ON 50MMDEEP MORTAR BED OF 4:1 BUILDING SAND TOORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT (BS 5628), JOINTSPOINTED.

RECLAIMED TIMBER SLEEPERS USED FOR RETAININGWALLS. UNTREATED OAK. 150 X 250 X VARIOUSLENGTHS. STABILISE SLEEPERS WITH STEEL ROD.WALL UNITS MAY BE BOLTED TOGETHER AT THE BACK- SEE HAND SKETCH AND PHOTOGRAPHS ONSEPARATE SHEET. PRE-DRILL HOLES FOR NAILS ANDSCREWS, WHICH MUST BE GALVANISED. LAID ON INSITU CONCRETE FOUNDATION, STRENGTH C20,AGGREGATE SIZE 20MM, MEDIUM WORKABILITY (75MMSLUMP) - BS 8500-1:2006. BS EN 942; BS EN 350-1. OAKIS CLASSED AS DURABLE (CLASS 2) - LIFE EXPECTANCY15-25 YEARS. SWEET CHESTNUT OR CEDAR A VIABLEALTERNATIVE.

TIMBER: UNTREATED SWEET CHESTNUT. ROUGHHEWN AND SAWN FINISH. KILN-DRIED BUT NOTOVER-DRIED. PRE-DRILL HOLES FOR GALVANISEDNAILS AND SCREWS TO FIX THROUGH GALVANISEDSTEEL CONNECTORS - SEE HAND DRAWN SKETCH ONSEPARATE SHEET. COAT JETTY DECK SURFACE WTIHGLASS SAND TO PROVIDE SKID RESISTANCE. JETTYDECK: 100MM X 30MM X VARIOUS LENGTHS. JETTYFRAME: 50MM X 200MM X VARIOUS LENGTHS. BENCHSEATS: 25MM X 50MM X 2400MM. BENCH FRAME:50MM X 50MM X VARIOUS LENGTHS. SWEETCHESTNUT IS CLASSED AS DURABLE (CLASS 2) - LIFEEXPECTANCY 15-25 YEARS. OAK OR CEDAR A VIABLEALTERNATIVE.

SUB-GRADE TO BE WELL-COMPACTED, ALLIMPURITIES AND GAPS REMOVED.

RESIN BOUND AGGREGATE SURFACE

CONCRETE POSTS SUPPORTING JETTY TO BEPRE-CAST WITH GALVANISED STEEL CONNECTOREMBEDDED TO ATTACH TO TIMBER FRAME - SEEHAND SKETCH ON SEPARATE SHEET. POSTS TO BEDRIVEN INTO RESERVOIR BED.

STEEL SHEET PILING TO BE DRIVEN INTO RESERVOIRBED TO RETAIN FILL ON BANK. TOP EDGE OF PILINGTO BE CAPPED WITH TIMBER TO PREVENT INJURY. IFNECESSARY, A SECOND LAYER OF PILING MAY BEDRIVEN INTO BANK BEHIND FIRST AND BOLTED TO ITFOR ADDITIONAL SUPPORT.

CONCRETE POST

TIMBER FRAME

GALVANISED STEELCUP SQUARE BOLTS

TIMBER DECK

FRAME BOLTEDTO RETAINING WALL

SOURCES FOR CONSTRUCTION DETAILS AND NOTES:FORTLAGE (1996, PP 2, 23, 40, 65, 69, 153); FORTLAGE(2001, VOL 3, PP 39, 41, 49, 88); LITTLEWOOD (1993,VOL 1, PP 68, 87); LITTLEWOOD (1993, VOL 2, PP 48, 55,82-4, 88, 148, 155, 162, 183, 191, 195); STEVENS ET AL.(1991, PP 66-68, 98, 132); THALLON (2003, PP 20-1, 110,118); MCLEOD (2008, PP 52, 143, 166);

NOTES

1818

18

18

18

18

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CONSTRUCTION DETAILSCONVERSION YEAR

2012-13

THANK YOU FOR YOUR INTERESTDAISY PARSONS

DAISYPARSONS@YMAIL.COM98335533@WRITTLE.AC.UK

07931792231

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