dangerous volcanoes
TRANSCRIPT
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DANGEROUS VOLCANOES IN THE WORLD
A RE-ERUPTION OF 11 OF THE 1,500 ACTIVE VOLCANOES IS LIKELY TO BE VERY
DEVASTATING, LOCALLY, REGIONALLY, AND GLOBALLY
Dr. Walter Hays,
Global Alliance For Disaster Reduction
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GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION OF 1,500 ACTIVE VOLCANOES
GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION OF 1,500 ACTIVE VOLCANOES
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11 VOLCANOES THE WORLD HOPES WILL NOT ERUPT AGAIN
• Eyjafjallajökull and Katla (ICELAND)
• Chaiten
• Krakatau
• Merapi
• Vesuvius
• Pinatubo
• Mount Rainier
• Nevada del Ruiz
• Popocatepl
• Nyirangongo (CONGO)
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WHAT MAKES A VOLCANO ESPECIALLY DANGEROUS
• Location and a large explosivity index (VEI) combine to make some volcanoes especially dangerous.
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LOCATION NEAR CITIES MAKES SOME VOLCANOES VERY DANGEROUS
An eruption at some locations is certain to be devastating to people, their property, their health, the community infra-structure, the environment, and the economy.
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The Eyjafjallajökull and Katla Volcanoes: Southern Iceland
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EUROPEAN AIR TRAFFIC DISRUPTED: APRIL 15, 2010
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The 800-meter fissure caused by the first eruption, which grew to 1.2 km in the second eruption, could be heading towards the Myrdalsjokall
glacier, which sits atop the powerful Katla volcano
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An eruption of the Katla volcano, located under the
massive Myrdalsjokull icecap, could cause disastrous local
flooding, explosive blasts, and eruption clouds that would disrupt air traffic between
Europe and the USA.
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VOLCANO CHAITEN ERUPTS: CHILE: MAY 3, 2008
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CHAITEN ERUPTED AFTER 8,000-10,000 YEAR DORMANCY
•THE 1,200 M (3,550 FT) VOLCANO SENT ASH HIGH INTO THE SKY.• “VOLCANIC EARTHQUAKES WERE TRIGGERED IN THE AREA. •1,500 RESIDENTS EVACUATED, MOSTLY BY BOAT
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Krakatau • 26-27 August, 1883 • The big one!
http://www.geology.sdsu.edu/how_volcanoes_work/Krakatau.htmlhttp://www.geology.sdsu.edu/how_volcanoes_work/Krakatau.html
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The 1883 Krakatoa Eruption !
Anak Krakatoa—Son of Krakatoa
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MOUNT MERAPI: INDONESIA
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INDONESIA’S MOUNT MERAPI ERUPTED IN MAY & JUNE, 2006
• Mount Merapi emitted lava, debris, and a pyroclastic flow on May 15, but this one was not devastating.
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EXPLOSIVENESS OF JUNE 8 ERUPTION SENT 15,000 FLEEING
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MOUNT VESUVIUS: ITALY; A THREAT TO NAPLES
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Mount Somma-Vesuvius• Location: Bay
Naples, east of the city of Naples, Italy
• Last eruption: March, 1944
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MOUNT FUJI: JAPAN; A THREAT TO TOKYO
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MT. PINATUBO: THE PHILIPPINES; JUNE 15, 1991
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Pinatubo was the second largest eruption of the 20th century and the
largest to impact a densely populated area.
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MOUNT RAINIER: THREAT TO WASHINGTON (USA)
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MOUNT RAINIER: LAHAR SIMULATION
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MOUNT RAINIER: LAHAR SIMULATION
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MOUNT RAINIER: LAHAR SIMULATION
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NEVADA DEL RUIZ: COLOMBIA; A 1988 DISASTER
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The lahar generated by the eruption of Nevada del Ruiz buried 25,000
people in the city of Armero as they slept.
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POPOCATEPL: MEXICO; A THREAT TO MEXICO CITY
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Africa's most active volcano.
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NYIRANGONGO: DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO; A THREAT TO GOMA
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ERUPTION OF NYIRANGONGO: JANUARY 2, 2010
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WARNING:Don’t forget that the
other 1490 active volcanoes can erupt
anytime, also.