daniel griifin_academic portfolio

DANIEL GRIFFIN_PORTFOLIO 02

Major Project_03.indd 1Major Project_03.indd 1 11/06/2008 10:27:47 PM11/06/2008 10:27:47 PM

DANIEL GRIFFIN PORTFOLIO 02


DANIEL GRIFFIN_PORTFOLIO 02


Thematic Organisation//_INTRODUCTION_

//_EXCHANGE CULTURE_ {research thesis}

//_ON THE GROUND_ Jenin.West Bank. 2025

//_PLASTICITY_ Experimental Studio in Emergence Theory

//_TOWER MALAPROPOS_ 303 Collins St. Melbourne.

//_SKETCHES + MODELS_ Crucial Processes

CONTENTS


Throughout the studios that comprise my masters course there has been a series of common themes that fi nd different, or sometimes similar articulations. These themes have been identifi ed as part of a self critique. Together they begin to describe the idiosyncrasies of my design characteristics.

This publication is thus arranged thematically, and in reverse chronological order. It covers a selection of projects that best describe my architectural beliefs.

Introduction.//_THEMATIC STRUCTURE_


Much of my work relies heavily on architectural specifi city. The designs respond to both physical context and cultural context. This forms the core of my architectural ethos, for a role of architecture is to facilitate the creation of a sense of place - to battle the banal.

I am also concerned with the search for identity and its expression in architecture. In an era where the prevalence of physical connectivity is being diminished, the importance of generating a sense of belonging has never been stronger. As architects are only responsible for 5% of construction it is important that these pieces of urban fabric fully participate in the dialogue between our society and its environment.

The creation of permeability through my architecture is a recurring theme. Throughout each scheme there is an attempt to allow public access deep within the building or site. To open up the programs and create a sense of transparency. This sense of permeability is not just expressed in terms of circulation, but also through visual and emotional connection.

The dialogue between public and private domains is played out at various scales within my architecture. The articulation of the boundary that separates these two realms will forever be a domain for architectural exploration.

PERMEABILITY. b

a CONTEXT AND IDENTITY.


I understand architecture to play a very important role in the formation and support of social systems. This role shifts between societies and cultures, thus it is important to understand its implications.

To make occupants and user groups aware of one anothers importance and place within the social structure/system is a consistent aim embedded within my architecture. I seek to break down social preconceptions and bring people together. The architecture facilitates interaction and prevent alienation.

Similar to the modernists, I have utopian ideals. However I am also aware of the limitations of architecture to instigate rapid social change. Architecture should respond to society, culture, technology and environment in an attempt to create a built environment that is appropriate to our ever-changing condition. It should evolve slowly. Unlike the modernists I don not believe in drastic moments of intervention, but lean toward a bottom up organic approach.

Each of my projects has an agenda of social responsibility. I attempt to slowly and subtly manipulate social conditions to remedy documented defi ciencies within social systems.

ERODING SOCIAL BOUNDARIES.c

SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY.d


Throughout history architecture has been able to refl ect on the civilization, society and culture of its time. I believe this still true, whether it be intentional or not. I am interested in the way in which architecture borrows from other fi elds of academia and interprets these ideas into an rhetorical architectural language.

I think it is important to maintain a practice of research into theories within various fi elds of academic research. This is a practice that is evident in Sempers theories on tectonics which is linked to the developments in Egyptology and the opening of Japans borders.

Although this is a constant theme within my work, the degree to which I make it explicit may change depending on the content and the audience.

With each project I seek to critically engage with current theoretical discource and practice such that my work can contribute to that discourse. Of late this seems to be mainly focused on digital design processes and their relevance to contemporary architectural practice.

I believe that without this critical engagement there is little chance of developing progressive and innovative design practices.

DISCOURSE BEYOND ARCHITECTURE.e

PARTICIPATING IN ARCHITECTURAL DISCOURSE.f


My work is heavily reliant upon process driven methodologies. Throughout each project there is a systematic approach creating a framework to justify and articulate my design decisions. I am aware and self critical of these processes and constantly seek to evolve or disregard them. These processes have gone through exhaustive studies to test their potential and ultimately i have developed a series of processes that I can apply to any design problem, these processes enable specifi c design solutions to be developed quickly.

It is important to develop robust conceptual design processes that justify design decisions as these will be the fi rst points to come under scrutiny within practice.

Each project is grounded with precedent. This is usually done after some initial design exploration and research into the brief. Initially in the design process the precedent research it is orientated around understanding theoretical approaches to design problems, and only later does the precedent research begin to explore spatial, formal, tectonic or organisational principles. I believe that this is important to prevent formal mimicry and the resultant hodge podge of architectural elements copied and pasted together.

I am also interested in historical precedents and understanding the drivers behind these works. Sometimes the distance of time has a sobering clarity.

PRECEDENT.h

PROCESS NOT PRECONCEPTIONS.g


In todays climate it would be grossly unethical and idiotic to neglect environmental design principles. Often these ideals are seen as poetically dry by architectural academia + design profession. But what point is a permeable facade if we cant breathe the air?

As a designer I fi nd that ESD principles are the perfect element on which to graft more lofty architectural ideas. As society transforms to realise the legitimacy of ESD these environmentally responsible elements will become fundamental, and in some cases fi nancially self suffi cient. Therefore they are fertile ground for exploration and adaptation to architecture.

ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE DESIGN.i


//_EXCHANGE CULTURE {research thesis}

Jenin Refugee Camp

With reference to Mrs Abu-lug-hodWith reference to Mrs Abu-lug-hod

Similar to the change from the classical to gestalt Similar to the change from the classical to gestalt psychology, urban ecology must move away from the psychology, urban ecology must move away from the classification of individual symptoms to an analysis of classification of individual symptoms to an analysis of the processes of urban formation and development, the the processes of urban formation and development, the causal chains and potential influences. In considering causal chains and potential influences. In considering these causal processes, she sees the need to emphasize these causal processes, she sees the need to emphasize the sociological phenomena and to integrate this with the sociological phenomena and to integrate this with geographical, technological, and spatial theories of geographical, technological, and spatial theories of organizationorganization

Susan Landay- ecology of Islamic citiesSusan Landay- ecology of Islamic cities


//_EXCHANGE CULTURE_ Introduction

PHYSICAL CONTEXT ...FOREIGN ELEMENTS AND VOID SPACE

// Area of Concern

// Camp //Town Center

States of exclusion within cultural contexts exist at various scales. The repercussions of these circumstances can be identifi ed on different levels. These Geopolitical negotiations have an impact on the architecture and urbanity. The Israeli - Palestinian confl ict is just one such example within our contemporary world.

The wider context of this political landscape has recently driven discourse on the architectural nature of this occupation from architects such as Eyal Wiezman and Rem Koolhass. This is not the discourse that this paper project seeks to address.

It is the repercussions on the urban fabric and the repetition of these states of exclusion at the local scale within the Palestinian Occupied Territories that is of interest. This project seeks to address the immediate impact of the integration of refugee camps into their surrounds - following the formation of the Palestinian State. These enclaves currently sit as isolated bodies within their cultural and geographic contexts.

Consequently this project is located in the near future, when the Palestinian Territories have formed into a sovereign state or states, given the current political climate. The situation in township of Jenin, in the northern province of the West Bank, is that there is a disjunction between the Town Centre, and the Refugee Camp that lies on the outskirts. This is physically defi ned by the void in the urban fabric, an urban wasteland between the refugee camp and the new development extending from the town centre.

In this future context the offi cial boarders between the camp and town will dissolve with only the physical manifestation of the boundary remaining. No longer a symbol of the Palestinian struggle for a return to the home land. Its identity will be defi ned by its condition as an overcrowded, poverty ridden enclave. Distinguished by its physical presence, which continues to reinforce this state of exclusion.

Refugee Camp

Ground Zero

Main Commercial Streets

Jenin Township


//_EXCHANGE CULTURE_ Urban Analysis + Case Studies

With reference to Mrs. Abu-lug-hod

Similar to the change from the classical to gestalt psychology, urban ecology must move away from the classifi cation of individual symptoms to an analysis of the processes of urban formation and development, the causal chains and potential infl uences. In considering these causal processes, she sees the need to emphasize the sociological phenomena and to integrate this with geographical, technological, and spatial theories of organization

Susan Landay- ecology of Islamic cities

Vector fi eld analysis was conduct to identify if there were any trends in the orientation of dwellings.

These drawings reinforce this notion of two disparate planning systems functioning alongside one another.

The regular arrangement of vector lines into streams indicates the presence of relative alignment following a soft grid pattern.

The vector patterns within the camp that respond to various site forces is evident. These are particularly defi ned moving in the direction of the town. (Bottom right).

The vector fi elds within the camp also seem to bend in response to the topography.


//circulation_camp +town center //retail //institutions //mosque distribution

The primary access between the camp and the center is along the roads indicated. This suggests that the movement through the camp flows between bottom left toward these roads.

the retail area in incorporated within the redidential areas along these roads. these roads also provide the primary access to Jenins center.

Clockwise from top left.- Graveyard- Secondary School- UNRWA facilities- Rehabilitation Center- Hospital- Settlement

There are 3 mosques located within the vecinity of the refugee camp. According to research. Mosques should be distributed evenly wihin residential areas. (Mortada.2003)


//_EXCHANGE CULTURE_ Cultural Context + Emergence Theory

The social systems identifi ed earlier in this paper are illustrated here. The residential matrix is identifi ed by a triangulation of the courtyards, which display a behavioural pattern similar to that of cells. Although this does not provide useful information in terms of connections between cells, it does however identify the extent to which the residential fabric spreads. It also enables holes in the fabric to be identifi ed indicating the presence of different programs.

Diagram identify the potential family cells and their relationship to other cells was done by encircling the houses that immediately address the hosh - courtyard. The overlap of theses shaded parts indicates the possible existence of houses common to both courtyards and thus indicates that the occupants are common relatives. This illustrates the cohesiveness and strength and inter connectivity of the families within the network.

These cells and courtyard arrangements are most likely to the result of intermarriage between families. As the tradition of arranged marriages is still maintained, with the wife them moving into the husbands families compounds, it is possible to imagine these void spaces slowly being encircled as successive generations marry and form families.

Self Organising Systems

Crowds in Enlgish Parks

MarrakeshCourtyards + Evolution

Kin Exclusive Family Networks Gender divided spatial arrangement

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//void/courtyard _refugee camp

//void/courtyard _context //residential matrix

//clusters _buidingsfacing void

Analysis of voids generally indicates an increase in size moving away from the main roads - NW. It appears that there is a pattern between the voids and surrounding built form.

It is obvious that there is a greater prevolence of voids surrounded by built form - forming hoshs within the refugee camp than the wider context. This could be due to a higher density or a different approach to built form.

Triangulating the voids creates a matrix.Anthropologicalstudies indicate that hoshs exist mainly within residential areas. Holes in the matrix indicate the existance of different programs.

The clusters include only those houses that are oriented toward the void. Overlaps indicate that the families may be connected.

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Dim15: Dim l, InitialVectors, NumVectors16:17: VariabilityBetween = Rhino.GetReal("Define v18:19: Variability = Rhino.GetReal("Define variabil20:21: RandomRotation = Rhino.GetReal("Define varia22:23: OriginPt = Rhino.GetPoint ("Select origin ie24:25: Radius = Rhino.GetReal("radius of point forc26:27: BaseLine = OriginPt28:29: Units = Rhino.GetReal("Define units ie mm = 30:31: AttStrength = Rhino.GetReal("strength of po32:33: AttPt = Rhino.GetPoints (,,"Select attractor34:35: maxPts = UBound(AttPt)36:37: ReDim arrAttPoint(UBound(AttPt))38: ReDim AttPoint(UBound(AttPt))39: 'ReDim AttRadiusPt(UBound(AttPt))40: ReDim AttPtCircle(UBound(AttPt))41: ReDim ArrPlane(UBound(AttPt))42: ReDim DistBaselineAttPt(UBound(AttPt))43:44:45: NumParticles = Rhino.GetReal("number of vect46:47: InitialVectors = Rhino.GetObjects ("Select I48: NumVectors = UBound(InitialVectors)49:50: ReDim arrVectorParticle(NumParticles)51: ReDim StartPt(NumParticles)52: ReDim EndPt(NumParticles)53: ReDim Distance(NumParticles)54: ReDim DistBaseLine(NumParticles)55: ReDim VectorLine(NumParticles)56:57: ReDim arrStartPt(NumParticles)58: ReDim arrEndPt(NumParticles)59:60: ReDim NewStartPt(NumParticles)61: ReDim NewEndPt(NumParticles)62:63: ReDim NewarrStartPt(NumParticles)64: ReDim NewarrEndPt(NumParticles)65:66: ReDim RotatedVectorLine(NumParticles)67:68: '___________________________________________69: For l = 0 To NumVectors70:71: For i = 0 To NumParticles72:73:74:75: If i =0 Then76: VectorParticle = InitialVectors(l)77: Else78: VectorParticle = Rhino.FirstObjectt79: End If80:81: PositiveNegative = Rnd()*282: If PositiveNegative 1 Then85: PN = 186: End If87:88: VarBet = Rnd()* VariabilityBetween89:90: Variance = Rnd()* Variability * PN91: Var = CInt(Variance)

//_EXCHANGE CULTURE_ Master planning Strategies

The siting of this facility is crucial in facilitating the reconnection of the camp back into the town. The massing of my proposal will thus arise from a mutation of the existing fabrics along the edge conditions of the site into a symbiosis of planning strategies reconciling the formal and informal. A study of the camp has revealed the signifi cance of the organizational systems in place there. The built form is a manifestation of the social organisational institutions based around kin exclusive networks, gender defi ned space, traditions and security.

I have incorporated these social systems within my master plan allowing for fl exibility within the organizational systems that may generate there, this forms part of the residential component of my major project, which will deal with the dialogue established between the infrastructure component and the residential fabric. I am looking to establish a fl uidity through the boundary which would become a surface of transmission. Executed in such a way as not to inhibit the integration of the camp with the surrounding township yet at the same time enabling its memory to remain.

Form AND SPACEorm AND SPACEFoormmm ANNND SPFo92:92:orm ...MUTATING TO CONTEXTCONTCONTONTNTEONTEXTCONTEXTMEEMajor Project_03.indd 18Major Project_03.indd 18 26/05/2008 8:14:45 PM26/05/2008 8:14:45 PM

Max. building foot prints

Existing industrial buildings

to be relocated

Jenin old town center

UNRWA Headquarters

Proposed Site

Hospital and UNRWA Clinic

2004 UAE Reconstruction

Jenin Refugee Camp


Jenin.West Bank. 2025

//_ON THE GROUND_


ground zerotown center

commercial strip

refugee camp

Israeli Boarder

Understanding complex urban conditions

Hosh - Family Courtyard

Urban Wastelands = Restich urban fabrics

Area of concern - connecting urban densities

Return of Palestinian diaspora = growth

The aim is to generate an architecture that celebrates + articulates a sense of place, giving spatial form + experience to cultural topologies.

Connecting culture to place. The architecture extends from the context, responding to the specifi c conditions.

Context and Identity

//_ON THE GROUND_

a Jenin Refugee Camp


site

Kin-exclusive Family Network

Common Ancestral Dwelling

Hosh - Feminine Space

Rersidential Matrix

Jenin Refugee Camp

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Three organisational systems interact to form a complex urban fabric. 01_ Self referencing system based on building alignment.

02_ Self organising courtyard and housing location based on Kin-exclusive family networks and gender. 03_ Pedestrian permeability resulting from informal settlement origin. Building alignment responding to desire lines and topography.

Site Plan: Edge condition is defined in relation to Diagram 04 with projection lines.


Many are fi nally reaching the inevitable conclusion that serious research, analysis, evaluation and objective implementation of compatible and sustainable design elements, from both local and imported models are necessary to synthesize a new, complex-free, modern Egyptian architecture of which we can all be proud. ( El Husseiny, 2004).


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hospitalientryr[below]]

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Anthropological research illustrates the importance of gender structures on spatial relations. These relations evidently have a private/public spatial relationship.

This articulation of Public/private domains is established in various scales across this scheme. From the relationship between patients, and relative/carer, in the family rooms to the separation of break-out space from the bedroom space in the single patient room.

The relationship between these patient domains and the extended family common rooms has to be carefully controlled for security reasons. Thus the placement of staff bases and the articulation of their presence through ceiling details.

The strategic location of these family rooms in relation to the public urban spaces of the site has been surgical, maximising connectivity.

Allowing public permeability through the site is crucial to activating it and allowing for ownership by the community. These arcades and atriums connect with the surrounding context.

Permeability

//_ON THE GROUND_

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Feminine + Masculine space ...catering for the extendedeMajor Project_03.indd 26Major Project_03.indd 26 27/05/2008 2:18:37 PM27/05/2008 2:18:37 PM

ramp dood

//_THIRD FLOOR PLAN

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A challenging aspect of this brief is confi guring the building such that social boundaries are broken down through exposer and thus familiarity, culminating with a sense of normality. This is essential if we are to get users to overcome stigmas and preconceptions. The aim is to facilitate education.

The primary strategy to achieve this is trough circulation and connection. This is diffi cult because of programmatic needs for restricted access and circulation. The solution in this case is to create visual connections.

Encouraging wider public use of the site is also crucial.

One of the essential elements of this design is the integration of various user groups in order to stimulate a forum that will address the health risks resulting from lifestyle and circumstance.

Examples of such users are: Prosthetic department Cerebral palsy patients

Psychologically victims

Eroding Social Boundaries

//_ON THE GROUND_

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Programmatic reorganisation ...mixing user groupsMajor Project_03.indd 28Major Project_03.indd 28 27/05/2008 8:55:38 PM27/05/2008 8:55:38 PM

Circulation Diagram LVL 01

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Circulation Diagram LVL 02/03


Here I am making a case for the validity and understanding of Palestinian urbanism emerging out of a complex interaction of very ordered systems resulting in a seemingly chaotic fabric. This project defends the complexity of this fabric in relation to the very ordered forms of Israeli urban settlements.

Urbanity became the Palestinian weapon of retaliation, threatening to undermine the other urbanity of the settlements that was being produced to maintain Israeli territorial control. Wiezman, 2004.

Additionally, the project looks at the intersection of Arab and Western architectures. The project identifi es similarities in philosophies across the cultures and celebrates the differences. The drivers are examine to create and appropriate language for a new Palestinian state without over emphasis on nostalgic architectural language. The aim is to generate an architecture that encapsulates a new sense of hope and identity.

Where secular buildings strive for an Islamic identity, the result is a kitsch postmodern,

Mohammad El Husseiny- In search of identity

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//_ON THE GROUND_

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Transforming social preconceptions ...protests

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However, non west not only refers to and maintains the ideology of an exaggerated difference between the west and its others, but also disavows the differences within these others. It completely undermines the centuries long hybridizations between these geographical zones their intertwined histories, their effects on the cultural imaginations of each other as if a pure west and a pure east can exist.

Mohammad El Husseiny- In search of identity


Architectures ability to make comments on the society, culture and science of its time is one of its most fascinating characteristics. A study of the infl uences and developments of civilization at the time of architectural creation reveals the level of understanding and engagement of its architecture, and visa versa. Sempers understanding of tectonics was heavily infl uenced by the developments in egyptology and the engagement by japan in International exhibitions.

In this case the infl uences that have positioned my architecture in relation to historical developments is the connection between medieval Middle Eastern and contemporary mathematics.

Additionally this project explores the potential of developments within evolutionary biology - epigenetics research - and its potential to inform an architecture. In this case the geometric code of forms are programmed with switches that imitate the function of epigenetic switches within DNA proteins.

This theory is fundamental to describing diversity within nature - Tawid - patterns within patterns

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Reflecting on civilization ...commenting on the times

Discourse Beyond Architecture

//_ON THE GROUND_

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Option Explicit

Sub GeneticScript Dim strObject_01, lngSegments, ptarray_01, i, PlatePt_01(2), arrPlatePts_01Dim maxSegments, RotationsDim originDim strObject_02, ptarray_02, PlatePt_02(2), arrPlatePts_02 Dim strObject_03, ptarray_03, PlatePt_03(2), arrPlatePts_03Dim strObject_04, ptarray_04, PlatePt_04(2), arrPlatePts_04Dim strObject_05, ptarray_05, PlatePt_05(2), arrPlatePts_05

Dim strObject_06, ptarray_06, PlatePt_06(2), arrPlatePts_06Dim strObject_07, ptarray_07, PlatePt_07(2), arrPlatePts_07

Dim diagonal_01, diagonal_02, diagonal_03, diagonal_04, CenterPt_A, CenterPt_B, Center_A, Center_B

Dim pt1, pt2, pt3, pt4, pt5, pt6, pt7, pt8Dim Vector(2), VectorLength, UnitVector(2), GrowthRate, RingPt(2), distanceHgt, xDim arrRingPt(), Line, distanceDim k, arrCurvePt, CurvePt(2), Line2, ProfileCurveDim arrPlateCrvs, plateCrv strobject_01 = Rhino.GetObject (Select curve, 4) strobject_02 = Rhino.GetObject (Select curve, 4) lngSegments = Rhino.GetInteger (segments,4) GrowthRate = Rhino.GetInteger (rowth rate as factor,2) Rotations = Rhino.GetInteger (number of rotations,4)

ptarray_01 =

Piloties, facade system, roofing system and Hamam roof are generated from the epigenetic script. The form mutating in each case in response to environmental conditions using buleon statements similar to epigenetic switches within DNA.

//_EPIGENETIC SPRIPT_form mutating to environment

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Epigenetic SwitchWithin DNA Code

Pilotis

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Roofing System


Participating in Architectural Discourse

//_ON THE GROUND_

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This project explores the link betweenMorpho-Ecologies + the Islamic philosophy of Tawid. Tawid in this case being expressed as patterns within patterns, often through geometry.

Here the biological paradigm is examined through both the western scientifi c and Arabic cultural lens.

A link between contemporary mathematics/biology and tawid is re-established. Contemporary biological and genetic theories identify epigenetic switches within DNA chains as a key cause for environmental mutation, variation and evolution.

...The missing link in the traditional chain nature- architecture-building is architecture: the jump is straight from nature to building. Vidler 2001

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morpho-ecologies + tawid ...cross cultural exchangedMajor Project_03.indd 36Major Project_03.indd 36 27/05/2008 8:54:05 PM27/05/2008 8:54:05 PM

Option Explicit

Sub GeneticScript Dim strObject_01, lngSegments, ptarray_01, i, PlatePt_01(2), arrPlatePts_01Dim maxSegments, RotationsDim originDim strObject_02, ptarray_02, PlatePt_02(2), arrPlatePts_02 Dim strObject_03, ptarray_03, PlatePt_03(2), arrPlatePts_03Dim strObject_04, ptarray_04, PlatePt_04(2), arrPlatePts_04Dim strObject_05, ptarray_05, PlatePt_05(2), arrPlatePts_05

Dim strObject_06, ptarray_06, PlatePt_06(2), arrPlatePts_06Dim strObject_07, ptarray_07, PlatePt_07(2), arrPlatePts_07

Dim diagonal_01, diagonal_02, diagonal_03, diagonal_04,CenterPt_A, CenterPt_B, Center_A, Center_B

Dim pt1, pt2, pt3, pt4, pt5, pt6, pt7, pt8Dim Vector(2), VectorLength, UnitVector(2), GrowthRate,RingPt(2), distanceHgt, xDim arrRingPt(), Line, distanceDim k, arrCurvePt, CurvePt(2), Line2, ProfileCurveDim arrPlateCrvs, plateCrv strobject_01 = Rhino.GetObject (Select curve, 4) strobject_02 = Rhino.GetObject (Select curve, 4) lngSegments = Rhino.GetInteger (segments,4) GrowthRate = Rhino.GetInteger (rowth rate as factor,2)

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Ceiling System


Drawing from contextual characteristics the edge condition of the site is defi ned. Responding to master planning strategies a broad sense of massing is established.

In response to organisational strategies and drivers of urban form observed earlier, a vector fi eld is used to deform the massing streams. These streams are deformed to attraction + repulsion points. The points located according to intended intensities in the urban fabric. This design strategy also occurs in section as seen in the central chamber of the Hamam - opposite.

A soft grid is generated. These cells are then mutated to programmatic and environmental conditions.

Each element above is a mutated cell. 01 - 06

Process not Preconceptions

//_ON THE GROUND_

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Rule Generated Framework ...creating a robust conceptMajor Project_03.indd 38Major Project_03.indd 38 27/05/2008 2:44:34 PM27/05/2008 2:44:34 PM

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Gaudi + Biological ParadigmGaudi + Biological Paradigm

The intention of this paper is to help sustain the value of observation of the natural world around us. Taking its cue from the methods of Gaudi, it proposes that observation can be combined with more intuitively driven design sensibilities, providing a real alternative to the exclusive acceptance of the seductive powers of the digitally engaged algorithm Burry, 2006

In the biological sciences the study of forms and their categorization, or morphology, was the fi rst instrumental set of zoology, predating evolutionary theory. More recently morphology has outstripped its historical confi nes, becoming morphogenesis, with an emphasis on the forces that generate living forms, on how forms and environments come into beings.

Eisenmanns use of field Eisenmanns use of field conditions, contextural conditions, contextural grids and overlays.grids and overlays.

The original idea ...or reworking past masters

Precedent

//_ON THE GROUND_

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Stan Allens theory on Stan Allens theory on field systems.field systems.

By comparison with classical western architecture, it is possible to identify contrasting principles of combination: one [Arabic] algebraic working with numerical units combined one after another, and the other [western] geometric, working with fi gures (lines, planes, solids) organised in space to form larger whole...

Field confi gurations are inherently expandable.

...by understanding construction as a sequence of events, it becomes possible to imagine an architecture that can respond fl uidly and sensitively to local differences while maintaining an overall stability

Stan Allen, 1997

Zaha Hadid - Soft grid and Zaha Hadid - Soft grid and the arabesque.the arabesque.


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ESD is explored on many levels within this project. There is a focus on variation, self similarity, and mass customisation orientated around evnironmental performance criteria.

Contemporary construction techniques are combined with traditional thermal mass technologies. The extensive use of arabesque screens as solar and thermal heat screening devices is evident. Additionally these screens are deployed as natural ventilation systems.

The use of natural light is prioritise and used in strategic places. This is evident in the light wells within the main atrium.

These light wells double as natural ventilation shafts. This element posed design challenges within hospital guidelines as an extensive use of glass would be in breach of fi re regulations. Hence the use of pattern to control aperture size.

Fundamental to initial design strategies was a focus on water collection and retention. The fl uted columns form driven, in part, for the need to collect water and store it in underground reservoirs for emergency use.

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Environmentally Sustainable Design

//_ON THE GROUND_

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Experimental Studio in Emergence Theory

//_PLASTICITY_

Plasticity may be seen in the expressive flesh covering the skeleton as contrasted with the articulation of the skeleton itself. In my work the idea of plasticity may now be seen as the element of continuity. Frank Lloyd Wright (quoted in Colin Rowe, The Architecture of Good Intentions, p129)


Firmly grounded in the biological paradigm, this studio explored the potential for biological systems to inform our development of design system. Central to this studio was a focus on experimentation and observation. To this end we experimented with the emergent properties of slime mould.

The ideas of the studio was to develop plastic systems. Systems that are fl exible enough to adapt to specifi c conditions whilst maintaining their overall integrity. The intended design outcome would contain a level of continuity and integration.

The preferred system responded to the suburban grain of the context. Twisting, pulling, compressing to site and programmatic conditions the grain deforms along the numerous streams.

Comprehensive site analysis was used to establish the various site conditions and their dynamic potentials which were then turned into a series of rules.

The fi eld system was then given characteristics and rules that enabled its response to these conditions, generating a logical continuity of response and adaptation across the site.

01

02

01

Introduction

//_PLACTICITY_


02 aContext and Identity

//PLACTICITY_


Central to the spatial organisational strategy of this project is the creation of multiple access points and visual connections to any space - responding to Adolf Loos and the Muller Villa where he reconnects with classical confi gurations of space.

Private spaces are mediated by anterooms with specifi c transitional functions. Public spaces are interwoven with private space whilst maintaining controlled access and exposure.

Gradients of privacy and publicity are increased toward the periphery of each unit.

Research, aged care, and child care programs are interwoven creating a sense of community. Aged care residents become a central player in child care activities and research communities, giving them a sense of worth and stimulation.

The central tenant of this project is to use architecture as an instrument for social transformation. Here it addresses issues such as the alienation of the aged population, the integration of child care into the community, and opening these institutions up to sociological, psychological and medical researchers.

Permeability

//_PLACTICITY_

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Eroding Social Boundaries//PLACTICITY_c


//PLACTICITY_

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As stated earlier the focus of this studio was to explore and understand the plastic characteristics of biological systems and the potentials of developing this understanding into an architectural process that creates a homogenous design approach.

Studies into the emergent properties of slime mould were undertaken. The close interaction and scientifi c observation of the behaviour of this organism not only revealed an understanding of its qualities, but also the benefi ts of adopting a scientifi c approach to design research.

Once again the need for architects to look beyond their own profession for inspiration and innovation is evident.


//PLACTICITY_

e



//_PLACTICITY_

i

01 02 03

One of the aims of this project was to explore the integration of environmental/green technologies into the design. As the design was a seamless integration of architecture and landscape architecture Swales were deployed as generative components of the design. Swales are used to collect runoff and redirect water to areas that are in need.

Additionally operative permeable facade systems were designed to respond to environmental and social circumstances. The facade system acts like a skin. Pores opening to either collect the prevailing winds or vent the internal space, as well as allowing for controlled solar penetration.

Borrowing from the ancient dwelling traditions of arid climates in Asia the architecture is embedded into the landscape utilising courtyards and the Thermal mass inherent in buried dwellings

Innovations and developments in alternative energy sources and technologies were explored and adapted to the design.

01

01

02

03


01 02 03

EVEN DISTRIBUTION

CONTOUR DEFORM

EVEN DISTRIBUTION

JOIN TO SITE HOLES EXPAND TO EXISTING BL

SUBURBAN GRAIN

A side project within the plasticity studio was the exploration of fi eld systems and their ability to develop into adaptive dynamic dynamic structures that deform in real time. This is in response to contemporary design practices that use deformative/inter-active process which then become frozen and turned into static pieces of architecture.

Here parametric design based on data fi elds is developed into a fl exible structure that can respond to environmental conditions by deforming its shape and changing size. it was exhibited at RAIA National Conference 07 and LOreal Fashion Festival 08

Iterative design processes are explored. It was evident that these processes must be tied to qualitative or quantitative criteria by which to judge any outcome. Without these conditions then the outcome becomes as arbitrary as cloud reading.P

articipating in Architectural Discourse

//_PLACTICITY_

f 02

01

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01


Several precedents were examined in relation to fi eld systems. The Gothic was studied with emphasis on the structural systems deployed and their articulation. The Gothic tectonic is examined in relation to the patterns of decoration revealing a material logic in relation to openings and wall systems. A clear mediation/gradient in the scale of openings articulated by window mullions is evident and was adapted in the fi nal design.

Stan Allens From Object to Field was fundamental in changing my approach to generating architecture.

Arakawa and Gins reversible destiny theory provided inspiration into how architecture can be used to transform sociological and physiological behavioural

Lars Spuybroeks Analog experimentations and design processes were examined and inspired me to become more open with experimentation and alternative methods of generating architecture and form. Ultimately this resulted in the development of our architecture machine

Kokkugias approach to generating architecture from the interaction of fi eld system operating on different scales and planes was fundamental to our approach.

Foreign Offi ce Architects Yokohama International Port Terminal provided formal and structural inspiration for our fi nal design where spaces are intertwined at various levels. Roller coaster construction technologies could also be used in our design.

03 04

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03

Precedent

//PLACTICITY_

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Experimentation into biological systems and networks with emergent characteristics set up a direction for research and design development Site analysis revealed the Contextural framework that the design would respond to. The edge condition of the site became very important as the project developed into an experimentation into the integration of private facilities in a very public site. Ultimately the site analysis resulted in rule generated design.

In response to contemporary design practices that still use the bubble diagram the programmatic loop Method was developed. This method allows for exploration of programmatic adjacencies in plan and section simultaneously

Moving beyond the bubble diagram

01

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03


//_PLACTICITY_

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01 02 03 04

EVEN DISTRIBUTION

CONTOUR DEFORM

EXPAND TO SITE HOLES

EVEN DISTRIBUTION

JOIN TO SITE HOLES EXPAND TO EXISTING BLDGS

EXPAND TO EXISTING BLDGS

JOIN TO EXISTING BLDGS CONTOUR DEFORM

SUBURBAN GRAIN

CONTOUR DEFORM

CLUSTER TAILS

SUBURBAN GRAIN

CONTOUR DEFORM

EXPAND TO SITE HOLES

JOIN TO EXISTING BLDGS

Iterative design processA system of components was set up according to rules. Changing the relationship of the components-rules-situation generated multiple outcomes.

Iterative design machineThe dynamic design machine allowed us to quickly see the relationships between components transform and rules and situations changed. It was an effective design tool.

Interactive RepresentationThe Unreal game engine was deployed as a representational tool.

04

05

06


303 Collins St. Melbourne

//_TOWER MALAPROPOS_


0Super-

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Transfer

Levels

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Phase 2

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Transfer

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Phase 1

Phase 2

Tower_Malapropos 303 Collins St Melbourne Vic City of Melbourne Council

This project resulted from a search for an appropriate site for a large tower in the Melbourne CBD. The reconsideration of the identity inferred by Melbourne city skyline was fundamental to the conceptual development. The result of this inquiry, which included an examination of the programs existing within the city and their organization, identifi ed the AXA building and its adjacent forecourt on Collins St as an appropriate site for a malapropos program. This aimed at constructing an ethical discourse into the organization of the city, in particular its corporate sector, and the way in which the notion of public space and access can be reconsidered. Rather than design an autonomous object, the 60 storey tower grafts over the existing AXA building and reconfi gures it usage. This combined entity is wrapped in a camoufl age skin, creating plays on the tension between what occurs within and what the public is aware of on the outside. The notion of skin in relation to the dialogue that a

building constructs with its surrounding environment was examined. The Conventional functions within Melbournes fi nancial district intermingle with unconventional activities such as a mosque, brothel and youth hostel in an attempt to awaken a discourse on social responsibility. This project explores the possibilities of programmatically and fi nancially offsetting various institutions to develop an increased sense of social awareness and connectivity with marginalized peoples. In this case there is an interesting social disjunction between the various user groups that share common spaces.

The site is of economic and historical importance, and the project responses to this in an innovative way. As this project explores the tower typology there are structural issues, in particular a focus on phased development of the site. There is also focus on ESD, and the development of an environmental facade in particular.

01

Introduction



The Crisis of Limits

Cities have become deregulated. As with the contemporary city, there are no more boundaries delineating a coherent and homogenous whole.

Tschumi-Architecture and Disjunction

Melbournes CBD grid is becoming intangible as high rise development spreads. If the massing planning protocols called for higher development on the periphery of the grid then the identity of the grid will become articulated. The transgression of which would strengthen the limits enhancing the experience of both the inside and the outside of the CBD.

03

02

Context and Identity

//TOWER MALAPROPOS_


A primary objective of the TM redevelopment of AXA fore-court was to generate a sense of public communal space that

01

A primary objective of the TM redevelopment of AXA forecourt was to generate a sense of public communal space that would add to the cultural activities of the west Collins street area. Allowing for permeability to encourage Public activation of corporate space is essential. Hence the openness of the site was preserved along with its access to natural daylight due to its northerly aspect, which is consistent with 2030s stipulation that public open space should have a northerly aspect.

This notion of public space extends to the buildings relationship with the existing AXA House. A separation is established between the two to create a public access lane way similar to the laneways in the surrounding context. Clear views are maintained through this laneway to connect Market and William Street so as to encourage pedestrian movement. Clear views are also provided from the forecourt to this lane and AXA House to encourage movement and allow or ease of navigation.

Creating a sense of permeability is crucial in enabling the interaction of various user groups in order to break down social boundaries.

Blue = General Public SpaceOrange = Public SpaceRed = Corporate/organisation communal space

Permeability


b 02


Eroding Social Boundaries

//TOWER MALAPROPOS_

c

Floor Level Difference

ProposedDevelopment

ExistingBuilding

Exhibition Space +

Exhibition Space +

Exhibition Space +

Artist

Artist

Artist

NGO

Corporate Research

NGO

Auditorium

Mosque

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Classification [longnitudinal section]Classification +

Programmatic adaptation [cross section]

Mosque

Mosque

Private Residential Garden

Retail + NGO Shopfront


Cafe + NGO ShopfrontOrganic Food Market


Concourse

RetireeResidential

Corporate Serviced Apartment

Restaurant

Gym

Gym

RetireeResidential

RetireeResidential

RetireeResidential

RetireeResidential

Youth HostelNightclub



RetireeResidential

RetireeResidential

RetireeResidential

RetireeResidential

RetireeResidential

RetireeResidential

RetireeResidential

NGO Office

NGO Office

NGO Office

NGO Office

AXA Office

Corporate Office

Corporate Office

NGO Office

NGO Office

AXA Office

AXA Office

AXA Office

AXA Office

AXA Office

AXA Office

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

AXA Office

AXA Office

AXA Office

AXA Office

AXA Office

AXA Office

AXA Office

AXA Office

AXA Office

Corporate Office

Corporate Office

NGO Office

NGO Office

Corporate Office

Corporate Office

MinaretMosqueMinaret

NGO Office

Youth Hostel Staff

transfer

Auditorium

Auditorium

Auditorium

Exhibition Space + Bar


Homeless Shelter ReceptionHomeless ShelterReception


Auditorium

Auditorium

Auditorium

NGO Office

Corporate Office

AXA Office

Corporate Office

AXA Office

transfertransfer23

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First Phase of Development

03


In the 80s and 90s ...the suburbanites returned to install in the cities a regime of consumerist blandness that is fundamentally anti-urban, in that it evacuates from the city the bad, the ugly, the deformed, the formless and the unmentionable. Rem Koolhaas


Strategies set out in 12.06 A Fairer City call for a wider distribution of social and cultural infrastructure. In the case where the CBD becomes re occupied there must be provision for these services.

The placement of exhibition spaces and artist/artisan studios, as well as a short fi lm cinema and school within the corporate precinct will mix user groups, according to 12.06-2 Culture and the Arts, Encouraging a wider range of arts, cultural and entertainment facilities including cinemas, restaurants, nightclubs and live theatres, at Principal and Major Activity Centres. The redevelopment of the forecourtand positioning of these public programs round this court deals with 22.01 Public Spaces by Encourage new public spaces to cater for the needs of the Citys diverse communities.

The Programmatic concept also responds to Melbourne Atlas census data that outlines several issues. Such as the defi ciencies of kindergartens in CBD when considered per capita of people employed, and health and disabilityindicators which point toward an increase in mental health contacts within the centre of Melbourne. (DSE 2006, p.5.2) The Melbourne Atlas also indicates a signifi cantly high population of homeless people (3552 in 2001) in the CBD thatutilize boarding houses as their primary source of accommodation.

The primary idea behind the client framework is to allow for underprivileged organizations to occupy a programmatically strategic position within the CBD, such that increased exposure to the fi nancially privileged will enable networks to develop. Therefore there needs to be a fi nancial offset between the higher end users and charities/NGOs to assist in funding their lease.

Essentially the architecture becomes a platform for corporations to establish social responsibility with corporate sponsorship and the media facade advertising offsetting social awareness.



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Multi media facade technology such as Barko M-Pix was used

Anime graphic representation and urban vision, as well as technology was integrated

Optical camouflage technology was deployed on a large scale

Indian screen structure and layering provided inspiration for facade and structural system

05

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05 06 07 08


//TOWER MALAPROPOS_

e


One of the aims of this project was to develop an approach to generating a robust conceptual framework. In this case the conceptual relationship was to link the various elements together such that neither component could be removed without the other being jeopardised. So this called for the integration of circulation-structure-facade-voids-environmental system.

It began as a critical response to current approaches to parametric design strategies. I began to question the possibilities of parametric capabilities in producing meaningful conceptual design outcomes that linked the pragmatic approach with the form fi nding generative processes.

This project also seeks to challenge typologies. Do towers really need to have program stacked horizontal fl oor plates? Is the circulation between fl oors limited to the elevator? Does the organisation of lease space have to be separated into horizontal bands? What benefi ts, both socially and in terms of generating a healthy work place, can be achieved by adopting another approach?

Participating in Architectural Discourse


f


Precedence_Form and organisation

Precedence_Form and organisation

In 1937 Daniel Sheets Dye catalogued various Chinese lattice

designs constructed between 1000 BC and 1900 AD. In recent

years, shape grammars have been used as a means to explain

the designs of the Chinese lattice. The work presented here

expands on the original shape grammar implementations (Stiny

1977) and catagorizes a specific Chinese lattice (ice-rays) into 4

sub-categories according to shape grammar rules.

[email protected] http://web.mit.edu/~haldane/www/icerays/

Precedent

//TOWER MALAPROPOS_

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Floor Level Difference

ProposedDevelopment

ExistingBuilding

Exhibition Space +

Exhibition Space +

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Artist

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NGO

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Mosque

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Cafe + NGO ShopfrontOrganic Food Market


Concourse

RetireeResidential


Restaurant

Gym

Gym

RetireeResidential

RetireeResidential

RetireeResidential

RetireeResidential

Youth HostelNightclub



RetireeResidential

RetireeResidential

RetireeResidential

RetireeResidential

RetireeResidential

RetireeResidential

RetireeResidential

NGO Office

NGO Office

NGO Office

NGO Office

AXA Office

Corporate Office

Corporate Office

NGO Office

NGO Office

AXA Office

AXA Office

AXA Office

AXA Office

AXA Office

AXA Office

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

AXA Office

AXA Office

AXA Office

AXA Office

AXA Office

AXA Office

AXA Office

AXA Office

AXA Office

Corporate Office

Corporate Office

NGO Office

NGO Office

Corporate Office

Corporate Office

MinaretMosqueMinaret

NGO Office

Youth Hostel Staff

transfer

Auditorium

Auditorium

Auditorium



Homeless Shelter ReceptionHomeless ShelterReception


Auditorium

Auditorium

Auditorium

NGO Office

Corporate Office

AXA Office

Corporate Office

AXA Office

transfertransfer23

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First Phase of Development

SOLAR EXPOSURE ANALYSIS OF EXISTING AXA BUILDING - LOCATING TM IN HIGHEST DENSITY TO ACT AS SOLAR SCREEN AND MINIMISE THE DEPLETION OF LIGHT TO ALREADY SHADED AREAS

Comprehensive Solar Analysis Drives Facade Massing05

06

Programmatic Analysis of CBD01

Site, Place and Programmatic Opportunity02

Programmatic Reorganisation in Section03

User group Analysis and Interaction Diagram04

Form generated via subtraction of surrounding facades projected at key sun angles.



h

06d06a 06c06b


Structure_modulated design approach

Parametric Facade Module

Meeting pod

BCA Stair Module

As stated in the introduction the structural system of TM is based on a module of BCA stairs that is repeated across the length of the building and deforming in the horizontal plane to correspond to the floor plates and changes in lighting require-ments of AXA. The Structure is integrated with the circulation of the building and the duel structural skin system is integral to the VDF. The duel structural skin system is designed to allow for maximum structural efficiency in accordance with BF1.1 and BP 1.1, whilst providing column free space for flex-ibility of program.

As this project focuses on the first phase of construction for the high-rise tower provision must be made within the struc-tural design to accommodate BP1.1(b)(xiv) construction activity actions. TM is a high-rise tower typology and therefore is has a LEVEL 3 (Table b1.2a) importance level and designed in accordance with (Table b1.2a). The structure must be engi-neered in accordance to B1.3 Loads. This is particularly perti-nent to the design and construction of the structural knuckles that join the modulated members, which need to comply with C3.16 Construction joints.

The structural elements of TM are in reinforced concrete to comply with B1.4 (b) Determination of structural resistance of materials and forms of construction, and thus AS 3600. These elements need to be protected from fire in accordance to Table 3. As TM is a multiuse building with multiple classifica-tions per storey then in accordance with C2.8

MODULATION

As the Structure is modulated according to circulation needs the structure therefore also relates to DP2. This became rather problematic in the design phase of the project where under section DP2.(c) (iii)&(iv) the structural system had to accommodate Australian Standards for suitable landings to avoid fatigue and landings where a door opens from or onto the stairway or ramp so that the door does not create an obstruction

D2.13 Goings and risers determined the structural modulation, in which case (a) was satisfied with only 13 risers per flight and (c) was attained with constant proportions. D2.14 Landings determined the number and space of risers under (a) landings having a maximum gradient of 1:50 may be used in any building to limit the number of risers in each flight and each landing must(i) be not less than 750 mm long, and where this involves a change in direction, the length is measured 500 mm from the inside edge of the landing; and

As there is a duel structural system, this modulation is repeated in the external layer. By staggering this system the density of structure is increased allowing the structure to work as a sun-shading device for the internal usable floor space. This meant that the larger landings had to accommo-dated a flight within their length.

SPECIFICATION C1.1 FIRE-RESISTING CONSTRUCTION

3. TYPE A FIRE-RESISTING CONSTRUCTION

Table 3 TYPE A CONSTRUCTION: FRL OF BUILDING ELEMENTS

04


ProposedDevelopment

ExistingBuilding

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Exhibition Space +

Exhibition Space +

Artist

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NGO

Auditorium

Mosque

Mosque

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Internal Gardens

InternalGardensas airfilters

As stated earlier the facade is comprised of a double skin system that is linked to the circulation. The external skin uses a active Ventilation System developed by the Belgium building research institute.

The external Double Skin Environmental Facade is comprised of shaft boxes that run vertically up through the facade. Along side these sit the compartment modules which have automatic vents control air fl ow and temperature.

Passive Heating and Cooling is achieved through this integrated system such that air is drawn up through the internal atrium (where it is fi ltered by skygradens) through the massing envelope and into the shaft boxes.

Atriums and Skygardens are placed at strategic points so that the air is purifi ed before entering the occupiable space. These areas also provide break-out space for the offi ces to improve occupants well being

The design also features a Residential Roof top Terrace as a communal space for leisure activities. This terrace is elevated above the public realm, which enhances privacy whilst still retaining its connection to the plaza so that it is energised.

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Shaft BoxCompartmentedModule

Shaft Box Location+operable vents [c2.6]diagram 4.3

voids + gardens

Shaft BoxMotorised Control Vent

CompartmenModule

01

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02


Crucial Processes

//_SKETCHES + MODELS_


Crucial Processes



Major Project_03.indd 75Major Project_03.indd 75 28/05/2008 12:21:22 AM28/05/2008 12:21:22 AM

Crucial Processes



Week 01

Week 04

Week 07

Week 10

Week 13

Week 17


daniel griifin_academic portfolio

Documents

role of architecture

sense of permeability

important role

sense of place

pmdaniel griffin portfolio

architectural beliefs

physical context

architectural ethos