Molecular Basis for DNA Breakage

and 

Mutation during DNA Replication 

Daniel Mejía Arrieta

Medicine Student, 2011

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INTRODUCTION AND MAJORITIES

Molecular Basis for DNA Breakage Identified (July 19, 2011)

 

Molecular Basis for DNA Breakage Identified

• The DNA encodes all the genetic information so it can be duplicated in the replication and the after transduction to the protein syntesis and the normal running of the cell, with the active participation of those proteins.

• A simple alteration or modification of the sequence like the translocation of a purin for a pirimidin, causes a complete mutation that alteres the optimus function, compromising in many cases, the health in a human being.

Molecular Basis for DNA Breakage Identified

• The breakage of the DNA specifically in the “fragile sites” leads to a lost of the proteic information, involving the basic structure of the proteins, and of course, its primary function. The knowledge of the most weak sites of the DNA sequence can allow to prevent a rupture of the same.

• The breakage forces a cell proliferation that becomes in potencial cancerinogenic cells, ocurring in most of cases, in the fragile sites who are target for an anormal division, with a DNA perturbed by the previous breakage.

Molecular Basis for DNA Breakage Identified

• The DNA brekage is considered a hallmark to the cancer proliferation in tissues, because the rupture of the genomic information becomes in an acelerated replication to guarantee the DNA of the daughter cells, causing a high probability of mutation.

PERSONAL COMMENT

‘Evolved’ mice defeats common poison

(July 25, 2011)

Every living organism requires defense

mechanisms againts

predators and other dangers like chemicals

or physical factors in the

enviroment, for survival and

proliferation of the specie.

In this case, the mice have

succesed in resist common

poisons in a way to

preserve their existence and the herence of

a genetic information

with the ability of resistance

‘Evolved’ mice defeats common poison

• Vitamin K is actually rich in diverse foods like vegetables, meat, cereals, fruits and other kind of nutrients available to the human diet.

• The Vitamin K its involved in many physiological functions like the carboxilation of glutamic proteins but most important, the synthesis of hepatic coagulation factors, in this case the protrombine, VII, IX, X factors and C, S, Z proteins

‘Evolved’ mice defeats common poison

• The warfarin, an anticoagulant drug, its used as a component of rodent poison, causing the death of non-resistant mice. The deficience in diet of Vitamin K is the most probable cause of the resistance to warfarin.

• The mutation of gene vkorc1 in mice changes the management of Vit. K and causes a rare resistance to warfarin, and therefore, to the rodent poison

‘Evolved’ mice defeats common poison

• The mutation occurs during the DNA replication, in a concrete point, adapting the genes to be capable to the expression of the structural change.

• The resistance and the specific mutation was inherit by the next generations of mice, and even in other families of the same specie, adapting the genes to the genetic disruption.

PERSONAL COMMENT

MEDICAL AND CLINICAL USE  The molecular

investigations, the researchs, and other

studies have allowed to

understand in a better way, the genomic data

The full understanding of

the genome map of a human being

makes an important advance in the

medical fields of investigation

MEDICAL AND CLINICAL USE• The mere process of replication provides the fully

characteristics of a living organism, grant it the diferences that can define a specie, a defense mechanism, an individual feature of every human being.

• The complete domination and knowledge of the DNA replication and of the central dogma of genetic, gives an advantage in the quest against diseases, because it becomes in a chance to find a cure, a path to the prevention in a 100%

MEDICAL AND CLINICAL USE

• According to the learning of the DNA information, the detection of an anormality can be crucial to the prevention; a perfect case results from the DNA breakage, that obliges a cellular proliferation.

• The result is a hallmark that provides the necessary data to detect and understand the physiopathology of a mutation, and intervention after the requirements of the case, and in a future, the human can have the entire power to prevent affectations that are not even expressed in symptoms or clinical tests.

MEDICAL AND CLINICAL USE• Differents patterns and factors drives to a

mutation like in the rodent poison-resistent mice, in that case, the deficience of Vitamin K, in a try to survive the enviroment.

• The correct and moral use of an induced mutation can guarantee a better quality of life, all based in the information recolected during the replication and the many alterations and abnormalities that transfers to the chromosomes during replication, becoming a simple translocation, in a potencial hereditary disease.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 

MARTÍNEZ S, Lina María. Biología molecular. 3. ed. Medellín: UPB. Facultad de Medicina. Paginas 74 a 80

 Molecular Basis for DNA Breakage Identified ScienceDaily (July 19, 2011)

 ‘Evolved’ mice defeats common poison The Hindu (July 25, 2011) 

THANKS!! trollface