dara ghasimi phd candidate at tu delft civil engineering & geosciences
DESCRIPTION
66 th Vakantiecursus, TU Delft, January 10, 2014. Potential Role of Thermophilic Digestion in Energy-Neutral Sewage Treatment Plants “ Adaptation Beyond Expectation”. Dara Ghasimi PhD candidate at TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences Sanitary Engineering Section. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
1Challenge the future
Potential Role of Thermophilic Digestion in Energy-Neutral Sewage Treatment Plants
“Adaptation Beyond Expectation”
Dara Ghasimi
PhD candidate at TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences
Sanitary Engineering Section
Promoter: Prof. Jules van Lier (TU Delft)Supervisor: Dr. ir. Merle de Kreuk (TU Delft)Supervisor: Dr. ir. Marcel Zandvoort (Waternet)
66th Vakantiecursus, TU Delft, January 10, 2014
2Challenge the future
3Challenge the future
Digestate sludge
• Reduction in aeration energy, less sludge, low transportation cost • Removal efficiency comparable to pre settling tank (removal of inert COD, TS..)• Onsite Energy Production: Energy Neutral STP @ Low Cost!
Expectation
Biogas (Renewable energy)
Application of Fine Sieve For STP Energy Optimization
Digester
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Automatic Methane Potential Test System (AMPTS)
Gas Volume Measuring DeviceCO2 Fixing BottlesWaterbath & Flasks
RT=30 days
I/S = 3 & 5 (based on VS)
5Challenge the future
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4Thermophilic BMP Test Cellulose
Cellulose 1Cellulose 2Cellulose 3Average
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4Thermophilic BMP Test Toilet Paper
Toilet Paper 1Toilet Paper 2Average
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
Time (days)
Cum
ulat
ive
CH
4 pro
duct
ion
(L /
g V
S)
Thermophilic BMP Test FSF
FSF 1FSF 2Average
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
Thermophilic BMP Test Primary Sludge
Primary Sludge 1Primary Sludge 2Primary Sludge 3Average
Inoculum: Non-adapted Seed Sludge
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4Thermophilic BMP Test Cellulose
Cellulose 1Cellulose 2Cellulose 3Average
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4Thermophilic BMP Test Toilet Paper
Toilet Paper 1Toilet Paper 2Average
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
Time (days)
Cum
ulat
ive
CH
4 pro
duct
ion
(L /
g V
S)
Thermophilic BMP Test FSF
FSF 1FSF 2Average
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
Thermophilic BMP Test Primary Sludge
Primary Sludge 1Primary Sludge 2Primary Sludge 3Average
DRANCO- (GFT=VFY)
T-55°C
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5Mesophilic BMP Test Cellulose
Cellulose1Cellulose2Cellulose3Aerage
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5Mesophilic BMP Test Toilet paper
Toilet paper1Toilet paper2Toilet paper3Aerage
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
Time (day)
Cum
ulat
ive
CH
4 pro
duct
ion/
((L
/gV
S)
Mesophilic BMP Test FSF
FSF1FSF2FSF3Aerage
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5Mesophilic BMP Test Primary sludge
Primary sludge1Primary sludge2Primary sludge3Average
HNP WWTP
M-35°C
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0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 500
100
200
300
400
Time (day)
Cum
ulat
ive
CH
4 pro
duct
ion/
(ml/
gVS
adde
d)
Mesophilic BMP Test FSM (I/S=3)
FSM1FSM2FSM3Average
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 500
100
200
300
400Mesophilic BMP Test FSM (I/S=5)
FSM4FSM5Average
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 500
100
200
300
400Mesophilic BMP Test Toilet paper
Toilet paper1Toilet paper2Toilet paper3Average
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 500
100
200
300
400Mesophilic BMP Test Cellulose
Cellulose1Cellulose2Cellulose3Average
Inoculum: 8 months Adapted Seed Sludge
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
100
200
300
400
Time (day)
Cum
ulat
ive
CH
4 pro
duct
ion/
(ml/
gVS
adde
d)
Thermophilic BMP Test FSM (I/S=3)
FSM1FSM3Average
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
100
200
300
400Thermophilic BMP Test FSM (I/S=5)
FSM4FSM6Average
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
100
200
300
400Thermophilic BMP Test Toilet paper
Toilet paper1Toilet paper3Average
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
100
200
300
400Thermophilic BMP Test Cellulose
Cellulose1Cellulose2Cellulose3Average
M-35°C
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 500
100
200
300
400
Time (day)
Cum
ulat
ive
CH
4 pro
duct
ion/
(ml/
gVS
adde
d)
Thermophilic BMP Test FSM (I/S=3)
FSM1FSM3Average
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
100
200
300
400Thermophilic BMP Test FSM (I/S=5)
FSM4FSM6Average
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
100
200
300
400Thermophilic BMP Test Toilet paper
Toilet paper1Toilet paper3Average
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
100
200
300
400Thermophilic BMP Test Cellulose
Cellulose1Cellulose2Cellulose3Average
T-55°C
7Challenge the future
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 140
100
200
300
400
Time (day)
Cum
ulat
ive
CH
4 pro
duct
ion/
(ml/
gVS
adde
d)
Thermophilic BMP Test (I/S=0.5)
FSF1FSF2
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 140
100
200
300
400Thermophilic BMP Test (I/S=1)
FSF3FSF4
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 140
100
200
300
400Thermophilic BMP Test (I/S=3)
FSF6
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 140
100
200
300
400Thermophilic BMP Test (I/S=15)
FSF11FSF12
Inoculum: 18 months Adapted Seed Sludge
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 160
100
200
300
400
Time (day)
Cum
ulat
ive
CH
4 pro
duct
ion/
(ml/
gVS
adde
d)
Mesophilic BMP Test(I/S=0.5)
FSF1FSF2
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 160
100
200
300
400Mesophilic BMP Test (I/S=1)
FSF3FSF4
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 160
100
200
300
400Mesophilic BMP Test (I/S=3)
FSF6
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 160
100
200
300
400Mesophilic BMP Test (I/S=15)
FSF11FSF12
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 160
100
200
300
400
Time (day)
Cum
ulat
ive
CH
4 pro
duct
ion/
(ml/
gVS
adde
d)
Mesophilic BMP Test(I/S=0.5)
FSF1FSF2
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 160
100
200
300
400Mesophilic BMP Test (I/S=1)
FSF3FSF4
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 160
100
200
300
400Mesophilic BMP Test (I/S=3)
FSF6
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 160
100
200
300
400Mesophilic BMP Test (I/S=15)
FSF11FSF12
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 140
100
200
300
400
Time (day)
Cum
ulat
ive
CH
4 pro
duct
ion/
(ml/
gVS
adde
d)
Thermophilic BMP Test (I/S=0.5)
FSF1FSF2
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 140
100
200
300
400Thermophilic BMP Test (I/S=1)
FSF3FSF4
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 140
100
200
300
400Thermophilic BMP Test (I/S=3)
FSF6
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 140
100
200
300
400Thermophilic BMP Test (I/S=15)
FSF11FSF12
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
100
200
300
400
Time (day)
Cu
mu
lati
ve
CH 4 p
rod
uct
ion
/(m
l/g
VS
ad
ded
) Thermophilic BMP Test FSM (I/S=3)
FSM1FSM3Average
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
100
200
300
400Thermophilic BMP Test FSM (I/S=5)
FSM4FSM6Average
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
100
200
300
400Thermophilic BMP Test Toilet paper
Toilet paper1Toilet paper3Average
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
100
200
300
400Thermophilic BMP Test Cellulose
Cellulose1Cellulose2Cellulose3Average
M-35°C T-55°C
T-55°C
M-35°C
8Challenge the future
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 160
100
200
300
400
Time (day)
Cum
ulat
ive
CH
4 pro
duct
ion/
(ml/g
VS
adde
d)
Mesophilic BMP Test(I/S=0.5)
FSF1FSF2
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 160
100
200
300
400Mesophilic BMP Test (I/S=1)
FSF3FSF4
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 160
100
200
300
400Mesophilic BMP Test (I/S=3)
FSF6
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 160
100
200
300
400Mesophilic BMP Test (I/S=15)
FSF11FSF12
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 140
100
200
300
400
Time (day)
Cum
ulat
ive
CH
4 pro
duct
ion/
(ml/
gVS
adde
d)
Thermophilic BMP Test (I/S=0.5)
FSF1FSF2
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 140
100
200
300
400Thermophilic BMP Test (I/S=1)
FSF3FSF4
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 140
100
200
300
400Thermophilic BMP Test (I/S=3)
FSF6
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 140
100
200
300
400Thermophilic BMP Test (I/S=15)
FSF11FSF12
Inoculum: 18 months Adapted Seed Sludge
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 160
100
200
300
400
Time (day)
Cum
ulat
ive
CH
4 pro
duct
ion/
(ml/g
VS
adde
d)
Mesophilic BMP Test(I/S=0.5)
FSF1FSF2
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 160
100
200
300
400Mesophilic BMP Test (I/S=1)
FSF3FSF4
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 160
100
200
300
400Mesophilic BMP Test (I/S=3)
FSF6
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 160
100
200
300
400Mesophilic BMP Test (I/S=15)
FSF11FSF12
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 140
100
200
300
400
Time (day)
Cum
ulat
ive
CH
4 pro
duct
ion/
(ml/g
VS
adde
d)
Thermophilic BMP Test (I/S=0.5)
FSF1FSF2
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 140
100
200
300
400Thermophilic BMP Test (I/S=1)
FSF3FSF4
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 140
100
200
300
400Thermophilic BMP Test (I/S=3)
FSF6
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 140
100
200
300
400Thermophilic BMP Test (I/S=15)
FSF11FSF12
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
100
200
300
400
Time (day)
Cu
mu
lati
ve
CH 4 p
rod
uct
ion
/(m
l/g
VS
ad
ded
) Thermophilic BMP Test FSM (I/S=3)
FSM1FSM3Average
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
100
200
300
400Thermophilic BMP Test FSM (I/S=5)
FSM4FSM6Average
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
100
200
300
400Thermophilic BMP Test Toilet paper
Toilet paper1Toilet paper3Average
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
100
200
300
400Thermophilic BMP Test Cellulose
Cellulose1Cellulose2Cellulose3Average
M-35°C
T-55°C
M-35°C T-55°C
9Challenge the future
Conclusion
Short Term Test: Mesophilic Digester More Efficient
Long Term Adaptation: Thermophilic Outcompetes Mesophilic
Thermophilic Digester:
High Loaded;
Less Footprint;
Efficient Digester For Onsite Energy Recovery From FSF!
10Challenge the future
??? + !!!
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0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 500
100
200
300
400
Time (day)
Cum
ulat
ive
CH
4 pro
duct
ion/
(ml/
gVS
adde
d)
Thermophilic BMP Test FSM (I/S=3)
FSM1FSM3Average
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
100
200
300
400Thermophilic BMP Test FSM (I/S=5)
FSM4FSM6Average
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
100
200
300
400Thermophilic BMP Test Toilet paper
Toilet paper1Toilet paper3Average
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
100
200
300
400Thermophilic BMP Test Cellulose
Cellulose1Cellulose2Cellulose3Average
12Challenge the future
13Challenge the future
•Dutch Water boards AND STPs agreed to have 20% reduction in Energy Consumption By 2030
•STPs: Energy Neutral or Surplus Energy
Why I AM DOING THIS RESEARCH?
14Challenge the future
• Cellulose makes up about 30-50% of the SS in the sewage
• It mainly originates from the use of toilet paper (10-14 kg/person/year)
• Degradation of cellulose in the aeration tank is incomplete and requires aeration energy
• Cellulose separation efficiency in a primairy clarifier is low (up to 50%; poor settling property fibres)
Introduction
15Challenge the future
Component FSFs
TS [g/kg] 100-250
VS[g/kg] 90-225
DS [%] 10-25
VS/TS [%] 90
COD [g/kg] 140-360
SCOD [g/kg] 14-36
TN [g/kg] 1400-1900
TP [g/kg] 700-760
(Physical-Chemical Characteristics)
16Challenge the future
TaxonomyT2-01-2013
[55°C]T2-03-2013
[55°C]M2-01-2013
[35°C]M2-03-2013
[35°C]
Firmicutes 49,0% 10,1% 4,8% 3,0%
Bacteroidetes 0,1% 0,9% 63,0% 69,6%
OP9 42,7% 85,5% 0,5% 0,4%
Chloroflexi 0,0% 0,0% 25,3% 20,7%
Archaea Euryarchaeota 1,8% 1,2% 0,3% 0,1%
Pyrosequencing Results of The Thermophilic and Mesophilic Sludge