dash7 "the new rfid"

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DASH7 BY ANISH GULATI(063006) LOKESH GULATI(063021) NISHIT SEHGAL(063032) PUSHKAL ARORA(063038) ROHIT BATTA(063042) E D S I E P R O J E C T

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Page 1: Dash7 "the new RFID"

DASH7

BY

ANISH GULATI(063006)

LOKESH GULATI(063021)

NISHIT SEHGAL(063032)

PUSHKAL ARORA(063038)

ROHIT BATTA(063042)

E D S I E P R O J E C T

Page 2: Dash7 "the new RFID"

Table of Contents

Abstract! iii

Introduction! iv

What is Dash-7! iv

DASH7 Features! iv

BLAST! iv

Why use Dash7! v

Instant-On ! v

Excellent Range! v

Low Power! v

Precise! v

Secure! v

Inexpensive! v

Interoperable! vi

Dash7 Alliance! vi

Implementations in Advertisement! vii

Outdoor publicity! vii

Loyalty programs! viii

Smarter Stores! viii

Implementation in Social Media! viii

Implementation in Logistics! ixF O R E S c h o o l O f M a n a g e m e n t! D A S H 7

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Page 3: Dash7 "the new RFID"

Real-Time Locating System (RTLS)! ix

Implementation Costs! x

Security! x

Limitations! x

Current Development! xi

Haystack! xi

Savi Technology! xi

Agaidi Oy! xii

Arynga! xii

References! xiii

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AbstractDASH7 is a new “instant-on”, long range, low power wireless communications standard. It is used as a ac-tive RFID standard or It can be used as complement technology to the already existing NFC in the mobile phones. This project will be dealing into the reasons why Dash7 is the most talked about technology in the RFID world, impact Dash7 will have in the advertisement industry, social networking and logistics. We will also be looking into the current developments happening in this field.

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Introduction

What is Dash-7

DASH7 is an RFID standard which uses active tags operating at the 433 MHz frequency band which is unli-censed and available globally. It is evolved from a combination of existing radio-frequency identification and sensing technologies. Communication between two DASH7-compatible devices occurs when they are brought within range of one another and a wireless “hand shake” is initiated by one or both devices.

DASH7 Features

•It operates at 433 MHz, which is globally available and is an unlicensed spectrum

• It is based Based on ISO 18000-7 standard

• It has multi year battery life

•It has a range of up to 2 km (potentially farther)

•It can penetration of concrete walls, water, and ability to “bend” around metal objects

•Low latency protocol that enables reliable tracking of moving objects

•It is Small, lightweight protocol stack that minimizes silicon costs

•It can transfer data at up to 27.77kpbs (potentially as high as 250kpbs)

•Sensor & security support

•It support RTLS

BLAST

DASH7 has been designed to operate using the “BLAST” concept: Bursty, Light-data, ASynchronous, Transi-tive.

• Bursty: Data transfer is abrupt and does not include content such as video, audio, or other isochronous (i.e. streaming) forms of data.

•Light-data: In conventional applications, packet sizes are limited to 256 bytes. Transmission of multiple, consecutive packets may occur but is generally avoided if possible.

•Asynchronous: DASH7’s main method of communication is by command-response, which by design re-quires no periodic network “hand-shaking” or synchronization between devices.

•Transitive: A DASH7 system of devices is inherently mobile. Unlike other wireless technologies DASH7 is upload-centric, not download-centric, so devices do not have to be to be managed extensively by fixed infra-structure (i.e. base stations).

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Agaidi OyDash7 network connectivity

Dash7 used to track people

Why use Dash7

Instant-On

DASH7 excels at connecting things that move, unlike most wireless data protocols which are limited to fixed or static applications.  DASH7’s built-in query capability allows for “instant-on” connections with passing cars, buses, or people jogging, unlike WiFi or Bluetooth.  DASH7 re-invents wireless P2P communications in ways other technologies can’t come close to matching.

Excellent Range

Unlike WiFi or Bluetooth, DASH7 operates at a radio frequency which provides for both long range (up to 1km in some markets) and excellent indoor signal propagation. HVAC ducts, chicken wire, and concrete walls are the kinds of obstacles that DASH7 penetrates or “bends” around that competing technologies can-not.

Low Power

DASH7 requires a tiny trickle of power to communicate between devices.  A simple coin cell is enough to power most DASH7 devices for many years, but DASH7 even supports energy harvesting (like solar cells) unlike most other wireless protocols.

Precise

DASH7 was designed to support precise indoor location from the outset, in combination with RSSI-based location engines.  Precise to within 1 meter indoors, DASH7 offers an unparalleled combination of location accuracy, low power, and low cost for mobile advertising, mobile commerce, and other indoor or yard-based location applications.

Secure

DASH7 was designed with security in mind from the beginning.  DASH7 enables “cloaking” of devices and enables them to remain “invisible” until an approved device initiates a communication.  Second, DASH7 supports AES 128 cryptography, including public key encryption, as well as many other private- and public-key cryptography standards.

Inexpensive

DASH7 components are inexpensive.  Single chip silicon can be purchased in volume for $2 each, while coin cell batteries, antenna, and housing can be purchased in volume for less than $1.  Your unique requirements F O R E S c h o o l O f M a n a g e m e n t! D A S H 7

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will determine the ultimate cost structure of your products, but DASH7 is highly competitive with other wireless protocols. In addition, DASH7 is an open standard, which means your company will not be “locked” into a single company’s proprietary (i.e. expensive) solution but rather will have multiple supply options for components, products, software, and services.

Interoperable

As an open standard using a single global frequency, DASH7 stands apart from the competition. Unlike standards that specify only two layers of the OSI stack, DASH7 defines seven layers, which means getting your DASH7 device to interoperate with another company’s DASH7 device is just massively easier.

Dash7 Alliance

The DASH7 Alliance, formed in 2009, promotes the use of sub 1GHz Radio Technology based on the Alliance Mode Protocol, chip development and device productization and offers such interoperability to standards bodies, Industry associations and related government entities in order to accelerate adoption and advance integration for the benefit of society. The Alliance principal objective is to ensure interoperability among de-vices whilst educating the market on Alliance  technology.

The goals of the DASH7 Alliance are to:

•Develop improvements and extensions to the ISO 18000-7 standard

•Work to ensure that products claiming DASH7 capabilities comply with DASH7 specifications

•Encourage the development of products using DASH7 technology

•Educate consumers and enterprises globally about DASH7 technology

The DASH7 Alliance provides a framework for extensive application development, seamless interoperabil-ity, and security for DASH7-enabled transactions.

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Implementations in Advertisement

Outdoor publicity

Dash7 can be used for the purposes of mobile advertising, loyalty programs, couponing, etc. If a person crosses by or stands in front of a media asset like a movie poster, kiosk, or billboard that has an attached Dash7 Tag then the Dash7 device like mobile phone, tablet etc will acquire the data in the “tag” affixed to the media asset or invoke the appropriate application.

While this model has been promoted by some NFC vendors but NFC requires the same 4 centimeter proxim-ity to a media asset while Dash7 will execute the same applications even if the subject is a) at a farther dis-tance, b) while moving, and c) in some cases, passively/without any conscious initiation of their own.

For example: Arbaaz Khan may want to promote the upcoming release of “Dabaang 2” to potential movie-goers. So when a pedestrian walking past an Dabaang 2 movie poster in a metro station, he open up his cell-phone and receives the promotional wallpaper for the mobile or a coupon for a free popcorn, it may also ini-tiate opening up of a website of the movie for review and movie info. With NFC the potential customer has to stop within four centimeters of the media asset and “download” the promotion to their smartphone. But with Dash7 one can do the same while on the go and without stopping or tapping to receive the promotion.

For the media company responsible for placing the movie poster and maximizing its effect (let’s say it’s an outdoor ad company like Bright Outdoor Media LTD) there is the longterm potential to acquire information about the person interacting with your media asset. Today, companies like IRI or Nielsen provide estimates of audience reach/trial/repeat buying through costly statistical sampling and other measurement models that can potentially be replaced in some cases by a more interactive advertising experience using DASH7.

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Loyalty programs

With DASH7, a user could set his or her preferences in an application that would allow the user to be automatically “discovered” or “checked in” at the grocery store/restaurant/superstore etc. and thereby ac-crue loyalty points passively, i.e. by just being “in” the establishment, rather than requiring active/conscious user behavior to participate in the program. For example, a user sets his application preference to “let Big Bazaar discover me when I walk into one of their locations”. Upon walking into a Big Bazaar, the user auto-matically receives a virtual phamplet or a special discounts products page based on your preference.

Smarter Stores

Apart from loyalty programs, one area that has received some overdue attention recently is that of creating “smart storefronts” for local merchants seeking to attract new customers. In the case of restaurants, If it uses Dash7 “tag” to provide the prospective diners with the menu card and clipping of the review from the local newspaper on the front door. Also a driver passing by the restaurant at, say, 30 km/h or a customer shop-ping in a market could simply click a “get info” button on a smartphone to get a full restaurant review along with menu and deals and then decide to eat with the range of 1-2 kms. Another example could be that when you enter “Shopper Stop” you get the complete layout of the store along with what product is available where, which are the schemes running in the store, what are the prices of the product.

Implementation in Social MediaEver imagined if you could talk to the car infront of you, well with Dash 7 enabled cars one can send a mes-sage to the car or if a friend crosses you or is stuck in the same traffic-jam, the mobile would receive a notifi-cation of that.

Also If a App that uses Dash7 tags to identify Facebook friends that are nearby you while you are shopping in a market or a shopping mall. Another example could be, let’s say Rohit is at a social event and wants to be notified whenever someone within two degrees of his Facebook network or 2nd degree connection of Linke-dIn is in the same room. A friend of another friend his, Ankita, is in the same room and also wishes to be no-tified of the same. Using DASH7, the two can be notified of one another’s presence and initiate get-acquainted rituals.

Dash7 could also be used to check-in to a place as on Facebook, Twitter, Foursquare etc as GPS sometimes may not provide the identification to all the places, so in this case it would use the Dash7 tags of the stores.

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Implementation in Logistics

Real-Time Locating System (RTLS)

End users/ Companies have been seeking an active RFID solution that could function as a real-time locating system (RTLS), something currently accomplished only with a wired infrastructure.

Dash7 allows the tag to automatically send sensor data if an event occurs, such as movement bring detected by a motion sensor, or a temperature threshold being exceeded.

In addition, Dash7 addresses the RTLS challenge by enabling one active tag to transmit to another—that is, peer to peer. For example, vendors are now working on ISO 18000-7 tags that can receive a transmission from another tag, and then forward that information to a reader. With this capability, users could, for exam-ple, attach tags that support received signal strength indication (RSSI) functionality to a building's walls or ceilings—RSSI tags can measure the power of a received RF signal—and when individuals wearing or carry-ing a Dash7 tag enter that building, the strength of the badge tag's signals received by the wall-mounted tags could be used to determine the location of an individual as he or she moves about a floor or building. What's more, Dash7 tags could be placed on assets, and RSSI-enabled tags in a building could track the location of those items throughout the facility. A system could also track who has been in or near certain assets—for in-stance, which employees have been in the vicinity of a specific server or forklift—based on their location data.

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Implementation CostsImplementing DASH7 on a mobile handset will trigger little or no increase to the handset bill of materials. For non-handset devices (e.g. DASH7 device on the Dabaang 2 poster), device costs are currently as low a $10 each and likely to fall further in the near future. Prices increase according to the amount of onboard memory selected or whether environmental sensors (e.g. motion sensor) are required. There is no monthly service charge required to use DASH7 (it uses unlicensed, globally available 433 MHz spectrum) unlike cel-lular alternatives, and device maintenance costs are minimized due to the multiyear battery life of DASH7 devices

SecurityThe importance of security in any wireless network is paramount for many customers. DASH7 supports public key cryptography, meaning that interactive experiences in any of the above scenarios can be shielded from eavesdroppers with minimal impact on the user experience while maximizing privacy. NFC and other passive RFID technologies are by design unable to support public key encryption, creating continued con-cern among privacy advocates that the presence of NFC or passive-RFID enabled devices may be abused by government employees or other third parties wishing to monitor individuals. In many respects, DASH7 tackles these privacy issues head-on with its support of full public key encryption.

LimitationsDash7 will always have a limitation wherein the longer distance between the host and receiver becomes a security concern, For example using Dash7 for making payments will always be susceptible as there may be a concern of information being leaked on the way, so for monetary and other secure transfers NFC would prove to be better due to its short range touch based transfers.

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Current Development

Haystack

Haystack’s mission is to bring the power of DASH7 and OpenTag to companies of all sizes in the mobile and embedded sectors.

The Haystack delivers the essential tools your company needs to build DASH7 products.The Haystack in-cludes access to long-term maintained, stabilized, and comprehensively tested and hardened releases of The Haystack, including OpenTag, Haystack Server-side Applications, iOS Tools, and future components in de-velopment for The Haystack.

HayTag: A commercially available product for the customer who wants to track their lost pets. HayTag is a wireless pet tracking system that tracks and recovers lost pets over long distances using your smartphone. The product will be ready to deliver by March 30,2013. Combination of Tag and Adapter cost $99.95

Savi Technology

Savi Technology has been the leading provider of RFID-based supply tracking solu-tions to the DoD for more than 15 years. The company providing real-time supply chain and asset management solutions, unveiled a state-of-the-art Radio Frequency system-on-a-chip (SoC) about the size of a dime that streamlines design and devel-opment processes of DASH7 RFID-based tracking devices.

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Agaidi Oy

Agaidi Oy is a technology company that develops wireless communication solutions based on active RFID technology, e-paper and other low-power display technologies. In fact, it is the first company to launch devices that are ready for DASH7 Mode 2 – the lowest power, longest range active RFID technol-ogy available anywhere.

GAIDI is Agaidi´s superlight new media device that requires no charging, maintenance or repair. It offers real-time, location-based information to users via the Agaidi wireless system at a range up to 2 km. The media device is also easy-to-use and cost-effective. GAIDI can be used up to 3 years before charging or changing batteries

Arynga

It is software and services company focused on delivering secure, reliable and cost-effective wireless solu-tions for transportation, energy, travel and hospitality, and consumer electronics companies.

Arynaga’s provides a solution called locateON™ thats works on DASH7 RF interface for two way commu-nications and localization

locateON™ is an end-to-end hardware and software solution that provides enterprises with the ability to locate people and determine their best route for evacuation during emergencies. locateON employs an inno-vative two-way communication approach to track and locate both people and assets, particularly in physi-cally harsh and challenging RF environments.

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References1.http://www.dash7.org

2.http://haystacktechnologies.com/products-and-services

3.http://readwrite.com/2010/04/11/dash7_bringing_sensor_networking_to_smartphones

4.http://www.arynga.com/products-services/locateon.html

5.http://www.agaidi.com/technology/

6.https://dash7.memberclicks.net/assets/PDF/cr-savi-101%20march%2012%202009.pdf

7.http://spectrum.ieee.org/telecom/wireless/dash7-wireless-networking-gains-momentum/0

8.http://www.rfidjournal.com/article/print/7780

9.http://www.eetimes.com/electronics-news/4087461/Dash7-sensor-network-alliance-rolls-working-groups

10.https://dash7.memberclicks.net/assets/PDF/cr-savi-101%20march%2012%202009.pdf

11.https://dash7.memberclicks.net/assets/PDF/dash7%20wp%20ed1.pdf

12.https://dash7.memberclicks.net/assets/PDF/iso18k7_whitepaper.pdf

13.http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/dash7-alliance-demonstrates-momentum-with-increased-membership-new-working-groups-and-certification-program-83236992.html

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