dashboard 2015 - boston trends_07.29.15
TRANSCRIPT
Dashboard Project – Boston TrendsCreated by Will Want
Summary of Work to Date
I. Data Collection – COMPLETE • ~1700 data points over 168 indicators across 6 races and 2 genders
II. Data Analysis – In progress • Proficiency – COMPLETE• High School – COMPLETE• College – COMPLETE• Employment – COMPLETE• Disconnected Youth – COMPLETE• Homicide Rate – COMPLETE
III. Data Visualization • Proficiency – COMPLETE• High School – COMPLETE
What We Looked For
What We Found: Proficiency Trends
What We Found: High School Trends
What We Found: Associate’s Degree Trends
What We Found: Employment Trends
What We Found: Disconnected Youth Trends
Correlations (within data) HS graduation and higher education attainment follow the same trends:
• Latino and All Other male rates are improving while Black male rates are worsening.
• Furthermore, Black females attain both HS diploma and higher education at higher rates than Black males.
Perhaps related to the education trends, Black male employment for ages 25-44 (and also 16-24) is decreasing while rates Latino and All Other males 25-44 remain constant
Possible relationship between proficiencies and HS graduation rates? Possible relationship between Black male reading levels and employment?
Correlations (external) Black and Latino males are significantly underrepresented in BPS’s
Advanced Work Class (AWC) program. • Correlation with proficiencies and HS graduation rates.
Black and Latino males are highly underrepresented in BPS’s “exam schools” and MassCore Curriculum.• Correlation with HS grad and higher education rates.
Black and Latino male suspension and dropout rates are much higher than for other students.• Correlation with HS completion trends.
Exam schools enroll disproportionately fewer students on NSLP. • Correlation with trends shown in NSLP eligible vs. non-eligible graphs.
Black and Latino males are significantly underrepresented in BPS’s Advanced Work Class (AWC) program.
AWC is a program offered to BPS students in which admitted students, grades 4-6, complete higher volumes of work and are set on a track to enroll in one of Boston’s three exam schools.
In SY2012, Black and Latino males constituted 79.2% of total male enrollment in grades 4-6. Yet they accounted for only 48.9% of male enrollment in AWC.
That translated into only 5.9% of Black and 5.3% of Latino males being enrolled in AWC in 2012, compared to 20.0% of White and 25.8% of Asian males.• White males were enrolled at more than 3x the rate of their Black peers.
(Miranda et al., 2014)
Disproportionate AWC enrollment may be related to differences in 8th grade math and reading proficiency.
(Miranda et al., 2014)
Black and Latino males are highly underrepresented in BPS’s exam schools
Boston’s three exam schools provide extensive resources, advanced classes, and more thorough college preparation to students in grades 7-12
In 2012, Black and Latino males made up 76.1% of Boston’s grade 7-12 male student population, but they accounted for only 37.0% of the exam school population.• White males were enrolled in exam schools at a rate 5.2x that of Black males.
(Miranda et al., 2014)
Disproportionate exam school enrollment may be related to trends in HS graduation, higher education attainment, and/or youth employment.
Black and Latino males have disproportionately low MassCore Curriculum completion rates
The Massachusetts Core Curriculum is a rigorous set of courses in various subjects designed to prepare students for college and/or work after high school.
White and Asian male students completed the curriculum at more than double the rate of Black and Latino males in 2012.
Only one out of five Black males in Boston completed the curriculum recommended by the state of Massachusetts to be prepared for college.
MassCore completion may be related to trends in higher education attainment and/or youth employment.
(Miranda et al., 2014)
Black and Latino males also have disproportionately high suspension and dropout rates
Black and Latino male suspension rates are by far the highest and have declined the least in the last decade (compared to White and Asian males).
In all three grade spans, Black male suspension rates were between 3 and 4 times as high as those for White males.
Black and Latino males are also nearly twice as likely as their White counterparts to drop out (rates are 25.3%, 26.7%, and 14.7% for Black, Latino, and White males, respectively).
Suspension and dropout rates may be related to trends in HS graduation and/or youth employment.
(Miranda et al., 2014)
Conclusion Inequities in educational opportunities have lead to BPS having two tracks:
one which offers extensive resources and the greatest learning opportunities, which serves disproportionately more White and Asian males, and another that offers diminished opportunities and is disproportionately made up of Black and Latino males.
The process begins at 4th grade and leads to fewer opportunities in education and ultimately diminished lifelong prospects for Black and Latino males.
Inequalities in education such as these are reflected in the data.
Key Considerations Discuss any additional questions we want to look into Plans on how to utilize the data for RCC and CBMA
MATH/READING PROFICIENCY TRENDS:
2003 -2013
There is a general improvement in 4th and 8th grade math and reading proficiencies for all males since 2003
2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 20130
10
20
30
40
50
60
12%
23%
4th Grade Reading Levels
Profi
cien
cy (%
)
2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 20130
10
20
30
40
50
60
14%
35%
4th Grade Math levels
All Males
Profi
cien
cy (%
)
2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 20130
10
20
30
40
50
60
17%
35%
8th Grade Math Levels
Profi
cien
cy (%
)
2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 20130
10
20
30
40
50
60
17% 20%
8th Grade Reading Levels
Profi
cien
cy (%
)
Greatest improvement in 4th grade Math (2.5x more boys proficient)
2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 20130
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
7%
13%
5%
21%
9% 10%
35%
48%44%
65%
32%
45%
Math & Reading Proficiencies, Black/White Males in Boston: 2003 - 2013
4th grade math4th grade reading8th grade math8th grade reading
Year
Perc
ent o
f stu
dent
s at o
r abo
ve p
rofic
ienc
y (%
)
White Males
Black Males
However, a significantly higher proportion of White males continue to be proficient at 4th/8th Math & Reading than Black and Latino males
The proportion of White males at/above 8th grad Math proficiency is 3x higher than that of Black males
2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 20130
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
29%
9%
18%
7%
25%
11%14%
35%
48%
44%
65%
32%
45%
Math & Reading Proficiencies, Latino/White Males in Boston: 2003 - 2013
4th grade math4th grade reading8th grade math8th grade reading
Year
Perc
ent o
f stu
dent
s at o
r abo
ve p
rofic
ienc
y (%
)
White Males
Latino Males
However, a significantly higher proportion of White males continue to be proficient at 4th/8th Math & Reading than Black and Latino males (cont’d)
The proportion of White males at/above 4th grade reading proficiency is 2.6x higher than that of Latino males
2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 20130
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
22%
15%
18%
6%
18%
24%27%
61%
40%
58%
51%
68%
56%
66%
Math & Reading Proficiencies, Black/White Females in Boston: 2003 - 2013
4th grade math4th grade reading8th grade math8th grade reading
Year
Perc
ent o
f stu
dent
s at o
r abo
ve p
rofic
ienc
y (%
)
White Females
Black Females
The proportion of White females at/above 4th grade Reading proficiency is 3x higher than that of Black females
Similarly, a higher proportion of White females are proficient than Black/Latino females across all 4 indicators
2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 20130
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
14%
22%
6%
16%
28%27%
61%
40%
58%
51%
68%
56%
66%
Math & Reading Proficiencies, Latino/White Females in Boston: 2003 - 2013
4th grade math4th grade reading8th grade math8th grade reading
Year
Perc
ent o
f stu
dent
s at o
r abo
ve p
rofic
ienc
y (%
)
White Fe-males
Latino Females
The proportion of White females at/above 4th grade Reading proficiency is nearly 3x higher than that of Latino females
Similarly, a higher proportion of White females are proficient than Black/Latino females across all 4 indicators (cont’d)
Additionally, the gap between the % of proficient White males and Black males has been increasing across all indicators since 2003
2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 20130
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
8th Grade Reading Levels (across races)
White MalesLatino MalesBlack Males
Year
Profi
cien
cy (%
)
35%23%
35%
2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 20130
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
4th Grade Math Levels (across races)
Year
Profi
cien
cy (%
)
44%
31%
2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 20130
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
8th Grade Math Levels (across races)
Year
Profi
cien
cy (%
)
39%
44%
2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 20130
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
4th Grade Reading Levels (across races)
Year
Profi
cien
cy (%
)
35%28%
The Black/White 8th gd Reading proficiency gap has increased by 1.5x
2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 20130
5
10
15
20
25
30
9 10
18
24
8th Grade Reading Proficiency, Black Children in Boston : 2003 - 2013
Year
At o
r abo
ve p
rofic
ienc
y (%
)
2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 20130
5
10
15
20
25
30
1518
7
13
4th Grade Reading Proficiency, Black Children in Boston : 2003 - 2013
Female MaleYear
At o
r abo
ve p
roic
ienc
y (%
)Within the same race, the gap in Reading proficiency has stayed constant/increased slightly while Black males are on par with Black females for Math proficiency
2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 20130
5
10
15
20
25
30
6
22
4th Grade Math Proficiency, Black Children in Boston : 2003 - 2013
Year
At o
r abo
ve p
rofic
ienc
y (%
)
2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 20130
5
10
15
20
25
30
5
21
8th Grade Math Proficiency, Black Children in Boston : 2003 - 2013
Year
At o
r abo
ve p
rofic
ienc
y (%
)
HIGH SCHOOL & COLLEGE GRADUATION RATES:
2005 -2013
The % of males with less than a high school diploma has been decreasing slightly, implying that more and more males are graduating with at least a high school diploma
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
15.71% 16.27%14.75%
17.58%
14.11% 13.86% 13.33%14.77%
% of Boston Males with less than a High School Diploma (or Equiva-lent), Ages 18 and Above: 2005-2012
Males (Total)Linear (Males (Total))
Year
Perc
enta
ge o
f Mal
es
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
6,98319.39%
8,91222.19%
9,35222.46%
10,25723.69%
10,07821.73%
9,86121.57% 8,973
18.72%
12,18824.86%
12,14245.9%
10,92034.31%
12,41034.53%
11,56035.99% 13,263
34.6% 11,60732.82%
10,09026.31%
13,52532.99%
11,7108.79%
16,41610.9% 13,335
8.32%
18,93911.92%
12,5707.41%
12,2427.52%
13,3338.52% 11,250
6.99%
% of Boston Males with Less than a High School Diploma (or Equivalent), Ages 18 and Above: 2005-2012
BlackLatinoAll Other
Year
Perc
enta
ge o
f Mal
es (%
)
In 2012, the proportion of Latino males with less than a GED was 4.7x higher than that of All Other males
However, Black and Latino male rates remain significantly worse than that of All Other males
2005 2006 2007 2008 20090
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
18.79%
21.92% 22.17%
19.1% 18.37%
34.69%
32.37%33.77%
32.1%30.92%
10.28% 10.15%9.35%
10.84%
7.55%
% of Boston Females with Less than a High School Diploma (or Equivalent), Ages 18 and Above: 2005-2012
BlackLatinoAll Others
Year
Perc
enta
ge o
f Fem
ales
(%)
The proportion of Latino females with less than a GED is consistently 3x higher than that of All Other females
Females across all races show a similar trend as their males counterparts – however, a higher proportion of Black females continue to have less than a high school degree compared to Black males, Latino females, and all other females
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
6,98319.39%
8,91222.19%
9,35222.46%
10,25723.69%
10,07821.73%
9,86121.57 % 8,973
18.72 %
12,18824.86 %
11,7108.79%
16,41610.9% 13,335
8.32%
18,93911.92% 12,570
7.41%12,2427.52%
13,3338.52%
11,2506.99%
% of Boston Males with Less than a High School Diploma (or Equivalent),
Ages 18 and Above: 2005-2012
BlackLinear (Black)
Year
Perc
enta
ge o
f Mal
es (%
)
…and 3.56x higher in 2012
The gap between high school graduation rates of All Other males and Black males has been slightly increasing since 2005 but decreasing for Latino males
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50 12,14245.9%
10,92034.31%
12,41034.53%
11,56035.99% 13,263
34.6% 11,60732.82%
10,09026.31%
13,52532.99%
11,7108.79%
16,41610.9% 13,335
8.32%
18,93911.92% 12,570
7.41%12,2427.52%
13,3338.52%
11,2506.99%
% of Boston Males with Less than a High School Diploma (or Equivalent),
Ages 18 and Above: 2005-2012
LatinoLinear (Latino)
Year
Perc
enta
ge o
f Mal
es (%
)
The proportion of Black males with less than a GED was 2.21x higher than that of All Other males in 2005…
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
5
10
15
20
25
30
19.39
22.19 22.4623.69
21.73 21.57
18.72
24.86
18.79
21.92 22.17
19.118.37
0 0
19.75
% of Black Bostonians with less than a High School Diploma (or Equiva-lent), Ages 18 and Above: 2005-2012
MalesFemales
Year
Perc
ent w
ith le
ss th
an H
S di
plom
a (%
)Within the same race, the gap in high school graduation rates between Black males and Black females seems to be increasing
[[The difference in graduation rates between Black males and females increased from 0.6% in 2005 to 5.11% in 2012]]
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
47.22 46.22 44.2744.97 50.7
47.85 47.17 47.26
% of Boston Males with Associate's Degree or Higher, Ages 25 and Above: 2005-2012
Total MaleLinear (Total Male)
Year
Asso
ciat
e's d
egre
e or
hig
her (
%)
The rate of Associate’s degree attainment has remained constant for males in general since 2005
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
10
20
30
40
50
60
7059.74
56.2859.27
55.94
63.59 62.64 61.13 62.77
19.97
29.88
13.65
23.0726.55
19.72 20.1917.06
% of Boston Males with Associate's Degree or Higher, Ages 25 and Above: 2005-2012
All OtherYear
Asso
ciat
e's d
egre
e or
hig
her (
%)
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
10
20
30
40
50
60
7059.74
56.2859.27
55.94
63.59 62.64 61.13 62.77
17.43 18.51
9.64
20.26 18.92 17.52
24.92 22.88
% of Boston Males with Associate's Degree or Higher, Ages 25 and Above: 2005-2012
All OtherLinear (All Other)
Year
Asso
ciat
e's d
egre
e or
hig
her (
%)
However, Black and Latino rates are significantly lower than that of All Other males, and for Black males the gap is widening
The proportion of All Other males with an associate’s degree or higher was 3x higher than that of Black males in 2005…
…and 3.67x higher in 2012
Within the same race, there appears to be a gap in higher education attainment rates between Black males and Black females
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 20130
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
19.97
29.88
13.65
23.0726.55
19.72 20.1917.06
22.8820.4 25.37
24.82 26.31
33.8429.3
24.13
16.83
31.98
% of Black Bostonians with Associate's Degree or Higher, Ages 25 and Above: 2005-2013
MalesLinear (Males)FemalesLinear (Females)
Year
Asso
ciate
's de
gree
or h
ighe
r (%
)
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
102030405060708090
100
91.96 95.7 92.34 94.42 90.47 89.98 90.59 89.94
% of Boston Males in the Labor Force who are Employed, Ages 25-44: 2005-2012
Total MaleYear
Perc
ent e
mpl
oyed
(%)
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
102030405060708090
100
84.45 79.6985.37 87.38
75.05 74.54 78.7284.39
% of Boston Males in the Labor Force who are Employed, Ages 16-24: 2005-2012
Year
Perc
ent e
mpl
oyed
(%)
Overall male employment has remained constant--or decreased very slightly--since 2005
However, Black male employment has been dropping while All Other male employment has remained constant or even increased
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
102030405060708090
100 95.89
66.72
% of Boston Males in the Labor Force who are Employed, Ages 16-24:
2005-2012
White MaleLinear (White Male)BlackLinear (Black)
Year
Perc
ent e
mpl
oyed
(%)
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
102030405060708090
100 92.29
83.21
% of Boston Males in the Labor Force who are Employed, ages 25-44: 2005-
2012
Year
Perc
ent e
mpl
oyed
(%)
In 2012, Black males ages 16-24 were more than 4x as likely to be unemployed as White males of the same age
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
102030405060708090
100
% of Boston Males in the Labor Force who are Employed, ages 25-44: 2005-
2012
Year
Perc
ent e
mpl
oyed
(%)
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
102030405060708090
100 95.89
79.32
% of Boston Males in the Labor Forcewho are Employed, Ages 16-24:
2005-2012
White MaleLinear (White Male)LatinoLinear (Latino)
Year
Perc
ent e
mpl
oyed
(%)
Latino male employment has also dropped for ages 16-24, but it has remained constant for ages 25-44
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
102030405060708090
100
82.16
57.49
70.43
74.87
50.8853.81
71.25 66.72
81.586.85
79.97
57.25
63.54
0 0
78.3
% of Black Bostonians in the Labor Force who are Employed, Ages 16-24: 2005-2012
Males FemalesYear
Perc
ent e
mpl
oyed
(%)
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
102030405060708090
100
89.73 93.3786.29
92.67
70.22 69.66
84.17 83.21
89.72 92.65 88.97 91.55 87.64
0 0
82.8
% of Black Bostonians in the Labor Force who are Employed, Ages 25-44: 2005-2012
Year
Perc
ent e
mpl
oyed
(%)
Within the same race, Black male and Black female employment rates have stayed relatively even
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
7.45
16.47
8.7110.48 12.16
10.34 10.36 8.82
% of Boston Males Ages 16-24 that Qualify as "Dis-connected Youth”: 2005-2012
Total MaleLinear (Total Male)
Year
Disc
onne
cted
you
th (%
of t
otal
pop
ulati
on)
Overall rate of disconnected males has stayed mostly constant since 2005
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
4.39
13.31
5.68 5.77 4.45 4.18 4.84 4.67
13.49
6.59
5.75
20.34
13.64
22.83
19.81
11.889.37
31.12
20.9
18.75
29.89
18.63
19.96 19.15
% of Boston Males Ages 16-24 that Qualify as “Disconnected Youth”: 2005-2012
All OtherLinear (All Other)LatinoLinear (Latino)BlackLinear (Black)
Year
Disc
onne
cted
you
th (%
of t
otal
pop
ulati
on)
As expected, disconnected youth rates for Black and Latino males continue to be be significantly higher compared to All Other males
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
9.37
31.12
20.918.75
29.89
18.63 19.96 19.15
10.57 9.4914.06 14.65
25.27
0 0
11.98
% of Black Bostonians Ages 16-24 that Qualify as "Dis-connected Youth”: 2005-2012
MalesFemales
Year
Disc
onne
cted
you
th (%
)
Within the same race, the percentage of disconnected Black males is consistently higher than that of Black females
Homicide rates for Black and Latino males are higher than all others, but they appear to be dropping
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 20130
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
3.071.97 1.31 1.56 1.93 1.74 1.42 1.22 1.06 1.55 1.95 1.46 1.18
14.25 13.69 14.03 13.2111.27 10.51 11.22
12.5115.02 15.26
12.69
7.159.2
29.54
34.26
21.85
34.11
36.08
35.88 35.16 34.4
27.47
35.44
31.28
18.21 19.15
Homicide Rates for Males (across races) in Massachusetts: 2001-2013
WhiteLinear (White)LatinoLinear (Latino)BlackLinear (Black)
Year
Deat
hs p
er 1
00,0
00
Homicide rate for Black males dropped by 46% from 2010 to 2013
Further Consideration
2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 20130%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
23%28%
38%31%
40%45%
6% 12%15%
22% 20% 21%
4th Grade Math Proficiency; Bostonians Eligible for NSLP: 2003-2013
WhiteBlackLatino
Year
Perc
ent a
t or a
bove
pro
ficie
ncy
2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 20130%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
27% 27% 29% 31%35% 36%
10% 10% 12%17% 16% 15%
4th Grade Reading Proficiency; Bostonians Eligible for NSLP: 2003-2013
Year
Perc
ent a
t or a
bove
pro
ficie
ncy
(%)
Even isolating for public school students on financial aid, a significantly higher proportion of White students are proficient than Black and Latino students across all 4 indicators
2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 20130%
10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
18%
46%
7%24%
8th Grade Math Proficiency; Bostonians Eligible for NSLP: 2003-2013
WhiteBlackLatino
Year
% A
t or A
bove
Pro
ficie
ncy
2005 2007 2009 2011 20130%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
69%81%
13%
32%
8th Grade Math Proficiency; Bostonians Non-eligible for NSLP: 2003-2013
Year
% A
t or A
bove
Pro
ficie
ncy
2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 20130%
10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
25% 26%
12%14%
8th Grade Reading Proficiency; Bostonians Eligible for NSLP: 2003-2013
Year
% A
t or A
bove
Pro
ficie
ncy
2005 2007 2009 2011 20130%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
65%74%
17%
36%
8th Grade Reading Proficiency; Bostonians Non-eligible for NSLP: 2003-2013
Year
% A
t or A
bove
Pro
ficie
ncy
Wealth, as measured by the NSLP income threshold, has a strong correlation with the proficiency rates of White students, but very little apparent relation with those of Black students
The proportion of White males at/above 8th grade math proficiency is nearly 2x higher than that of Black males for low-income students…
…and more than 2.5x higher for non low-income students
Conclusion Possible recommendation:
• Enrollment in AWC and exam schools is based on grades and entrance exam• White males not on NSLP have significantly higher proficiencies than Black
males not on NSLP as well as White males on NSLPo wealth has a strong correlation to White male proficiencies
– theory: it may be (and intuitively would be) that White males with medium to high income families have better access to resources and networks that allow them to succeed in school
• If this is the case, then the previous graphs are evidence that the best approach is not just to modify acceptance standards to get desired demographic make-up in AWC and exam schools, but to focus more on providing poorer students— especially minorities—with better access to resources at an early ageo this would benefit them short-term as well as give more students the
opportunity to access BPS’s high-quality programs
Massachusetts ranks highly in per-pupil spending
(Gustafson, 2012)
U.S. avg
Massachusetts ranks highly in proficiency, often leading the nation
(Gustafson, 2012)
However, while White males in Boston had equivalent or higher proficiencies to the Massachusetts male average, Black males in Boston were drastically lower
2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 20130
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20
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40
50
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8th Grade Math, Black/White Males in Boston vs. Massachusetts Male Average:
2003-2013
Mass. male avg.White Males (BOS)Black Males (BOS)
Year
At o
r Abo
ve P
rofic
ienc
y (%
)
2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 20130
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
8th Grade Reading, Black/White Males in Boston vs. Massachusetts
Male Average
YearAt
or A
bove
Pro
ficie
ncy
(%)
Conclusion: Leads nation in proficiencies + high per-pupil spending + significantly
larger than average proficiency gap (than average gap nationally)• Massachusetts offers strong educational opportunities, but they are
offered inequitably across races. This conclusion may tie in with the concept (stated in slide 16) of Boston
Public Schools having a bifurcated educational system, with one track offering more and better resources and serving a disproportionately high proportion of White and Asian students.
Unassigned Graphics
Massachusetts ranked in the bottom 10 states for Latino male HS graduation according to the Schott foundation’s 2012 report
(Holzman et al., 2012)
Where Boston standsranked by Black male HS graduation rates
(Holzman et al., 2012)
(Holzman et al., 2012)
Where Boston standsranked by Black/White male HS graduation gap
Massachusetts schools are highly dependent on local sources of revenue (accounts for 53.8% of total revenue)
(Gustafson, 2012)
Distributions in Boston
(Jennings, 2014)
Potentially relevant stat: 85% of young and impoverished people in Boston are Black or Latino (Jennings, 2014)
Distributions (cont.)
(Jennings, 2014)
(Jennings, 2014)
Distributions (cont.)
(Jennings, 2014)
Distributions (cont.)
BPS map by neighborhood
Retrieved from: http://www.bostonpublicschools.org/domain/175
National charts from The Boston Foundation 2010 report (you suggested I include everything I found)
(Moscovitch, 2010)
(Moscovitch, 2010)Boston is in this category
(Moscovitch, 2010)
Additional Notes Black males are under-enrolled in AWC. On top of this, Black males in AWC
are drastically under-enrolled in exam schools. 39% of Black males in AWC go on to exam schools, compared to 83.7% of White males in AWC (Miranda et al., 2014). Why is this?• Possible factors:
o AWC may not be uniform in quality across all BPS schools.o Potential bias in exam school enrollment system.
– Seems unlikely, as it’s based solely on grades and entrance exam.
There is a consistent gender gap in HS grad rates for Black and Latino students (with females doing better than males), but for White students the males actually have better rates.
Notes (cont.) There is a large proficiency gap (between races) in Boston, and I have
presented some possible causes/correlations. The state of Massachusetts overall has a somewhat similar proficiency gap. How this relates to the Boston gap should be considered.
The Schott Foundation 2015 report has great info on suspensions (bias in punishment, impact on students, etc.), including national stats and sources.
(Jennings, 2014) has some interesting key findings, in addition to the distribution maps. For example:• Half of Black Bostonians are in 8th grade or lower.• 85% of young and impoverished people in Boston are Black or Latino
(efforts to help poor youths in Boston therefore must take race into consideration).
Works Cited IPUMS website Naep nation’s report card website Foundation center (funding maps)Gustafson, C. (2012). Public school funding in Massachusetts: Where we are, what has changed, how we compare to other states.
Massachusetts Budget and Policy Center. Retrieved from: http://www.massbudget.org/report_window.php?loc=ed_census_2012.html
Holzman, M., Jackson, J., Beaudry, A., Dexter E., Watson, K. T., & St. John, P. (2012). The urgency of now: The Schott 50 state report on public education and Black males. Cambridge, MA: The Schott Foundation for Public Education. Retrieved from: http://www.schottfoundation.org/urgency-of-now.pdf
Jennings, J. (2014). Social, demographic, and economic profile of young Black and Latino males Boston, Massachusetts 2010-2018 . Medford, MA: Tufts University. Retrieved from: http://bma.issuelab.org/resource/social_demographic_and_economic_profile_of_young_black_and_latino_males_boston_massachusetts_2010_2018
Miranda, H. P., Mokhtar, C., Tung, R., Ward, R., French, D., McAlister, S., & Marshall, A. (2014). Opportunity and equity: Enrollment and outcomes for Black and Latino males in Boston Public Schools. Boston, MA and Providence, RI: Center for Collaborative Education and Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University. Retrieved from: http://www.bostonpublicschools.org/cms/lib07/MA01906464/Centricity/Domain/24/Executive%20Summary_final_pages.pdf
Moscovitch, E. (2010). School funding reality: A bargain not kept. Boston, MA: The Boston Foundation and The Massachusetts Business Alliance for Education. Retrived from: https://www.tbf.org/~/media/TBFOrg/Files/Reports/MBAE%20SchoolFinanceReport.pdf
Backup Slides
Female Associate’s Degree
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
% of Boston Females with Associate's Degree or Higher, 25 and Above
All OtherLatinoBlack
Year
Asso
ciat
e's d
egre
e or
hig
her (
%)
Female Employment
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
102030405060708090
100
% of Boston Females in the Labor Force who are Employed, Ages 16-24
All OtherLatinoBlack
Year
Perc
ent e
mpl
oyed
(%)
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
102030405060708090
100
% of Boston Females in the Labor Force who are Employed, Ages 25-44
Year
Perc
ent e
mpl
oyed
(%)
Female Disconnected Youth
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
5
10
15
20
25
30
% of Boston Females Ages 16-24 that Qualify as "Dis-connected Youth"
All OtherLatinoBlack
Year
Disc
onne
cted
you
th (%
of t
otal
pop
ulati
on)