Data CaptureData CaptureData CaptureData Capture

F451 - AS ComputingF451 - AS ComputingF451 - AS ComputingF451 - AS Computing

Data and InformationData and InformationData and InformationData and Information

• Data–Raw Facts and Figures–No structure or context

• Information–Structured, Organised Data–Processed Data

A Good ExampleA Good ExampleA Good ExampleA Good Example

BarcodesBarcodesBarcodesBarcodes

• Barcode (Data) is scanned - Input

• Data Capture

• Data is Processed

• The price and item name is the Output

How can computers gather data? How can computers gather data? How can computers gather data? How can computers gather data?

• SensorsSensors• Magnetic stripsMagnetic strips• Smart cardsSmart cards• BarcodesBarcodes• Magnetic ink character recognition Magnetic ink character recognition

(MICR)(MICR)• Optical mark recognition (OMR)Optical mark recognition (OMR)• Optical character recognition (OCR)Optical character recognition (OCR)• Voice recognitionVoice recognition

Input/Output Devices ExampleInput/Output Devices ExampleInput/Output Devices ExampleInput/Output Devices Example

• Supermarket Checkout

• Input Devices– Barcode Reader– Scales– Chip & Pin Reader– Touch Screen

Input/Output Devices ExampleInput/Output Devices ExampleInput/Output Devices ExampleInput/Output Devices Example

• Supermarket Checkout

• Output Devices– Screen– Receipt Printer– Speaker

Use of BarcodesUse of BarcodesUse of BarcodesUse of Barcodes

• Thickness of each line represents number Thickness of each line represents number that corresponds an item in the storethat corresponds an item in the store

• Each item has a unique numberEach item has a unique number

• Number is looked up on a central Number is looked up on a central database to find the item name and pricedatabase to find the item name and price

Reading a BarcodeReading a BarcodeReading a BarcodeReading a Barcode

• Laser/Infra red beam used to detect thickness of each line

• Barcode numbers usually have start/stop lines and a check digit

Databases in Barcode SystemsDatabases in Barcode SystemsDatabases in Barcode SystemsDatabases in Barcode Systems

• Scanned number of barcode is looked up on stock database

• Stock can be incremented/decremented automatically when barcodes are scanned.

• Automated stock control systems. Real time systems. Always upto date.

• Used in warehouses, supermarkets

Operating a ComputerOperating a ComputerOperating a ComputerOperating a Computer

INPUTINPUT

PROCESSPROCESS

OUTPUOUTPUTT

MICR – Magnetic ink recognitionMICR – Magnetic ink recognitionMICR – Magnetic ink recognitionMICR – Magnetic ink recognition

Printed at the bottom of a cheque

Can be read at very high speeds

Read with 100% accuracy

Optical mark recognitionOptical mark recognitionOptical mark recognitionOptical mark recognition

• Machines read pre-printed sheets and check for marks in certain places on them

• Used for:

– Lottery numbers

– Multiple choice exams

– Registration

Optical Character recognitionOptical Character recognitionOptical Character recognitionOptical Character recognition

• Hardware captures images

• Software compares shapes with stored data