Data Center DesignData Center Design

Christopher GeyerChristopher Geyer

A Data CenterA Data Center

Highly secure, fault-resistant facilities Highly secure, fault-resistant facilities housing equipment that connect to housing equipment that connect to telecommunications networks. The telecommunications networks. The facilities accommodate servers, switches, facilities accommodate servers, switches, routers, modem racks.  Data centers routers, modem racks.  Data centers support corporate data bases, web sites support corporate data bases, web sites and provide locations for CLECs, ISPs, and provide locations for CLECs, ISPs, ASPs, Web hosting companies, DSL ASPs, Web hosting companies, DSL providers and other IT services.providers and other IT services.

Rack Location UnitsRack Location Units

A standard for measuring equipment A standard for measuring equipment space in a data center is RLUs or Rack space in a data center is RLUs or Rack Location UnitsLocation Units

1U 2U 3U 4U…1U 2U 3U 4U…

Elements of a Data CenterElements of a Data Center

The SiteThe Site

Command CenterCommand Center

Cable ManagementCable Management

Network InfrastructureNetwork Infrastructure

Terminal ServersTerminal Servers

Environmental ControlsEnvironmental Controls

PowerPower

CriteriaCriteria

The Budget $The Budget $

-What is the available budget?-What is the available budget?

-Can the scope of the project be achieved -Can the scope of the project be achieved with the current budget?with the current budget?

-What are the actual funds needed to -What are the actual funds needed to create the data center?create the data center?

-How will funds be distributed & can they -How will funds be distributed & can they be redistributed?be redistributed?

Criteria ContinuedCriteria Continued

Physical Constraints:Physical Constraints:

-Available Space & Weight of Equipment-Available Space & Weight of Equipment

-Power Requirements-Power Requirements

-Cooling-Cooling

-Bandwidth-Bandwidth

Criteria ContinuedCriteria Continued

System Availability ProfilesSystem Availability Profiles-Categorization-Categorization-Device Redundancies-Device Redundancies-Power Redundancies-Power Redundancies-Cooling Redundancies-Cooling Redundancies-Network Redundancies-Network Redundancies

Structural AspectsStructural Aspects

When dealing with a raised floor ceiling When dealing with a raised floor ceiling height matters.height matters.Basement data center locations near Basement data center locations near water are not a good idea.water are not a good idea.Their must be a pathway for equipment to Their must be a pathway for equipment to be moved in & out of the data center.be moved in & out of the data center.Make sure the floor where the data center Make sure the floor where the data center is to be located is rated for the estimated is to be located is rated for the estimated load.load.

PowerPower

Adequate powerAdequate power

Surge suppressionSurge suppression

Proper grounding of equipmentProper grounding of equipment

Cable LayoutCable Layout

Power RedundancyPower Redundancy

Forms of Power RedundancyForms of Power Redundancy

1. Battery-feed UPS1. Battery-feed UPS

2. Power Generators2. Power Generators

NetworkingNetworking

Each cabinet needs be to supplied with Each cabinet needs be to supplied with appropriate connection media: Cat6 appropriate connection media: Cat6 copper, multi-mode fiber, and/or single-copper, multi-mode fiber, and/or single-mode fibermode fiber

Proper cable Proper cable

management should management should

be implementedbe implemented

Over FlowOver Flow

SecuritySecurity

Physical AccessPhysical Access

Levels of AccessLevels of Access

MonitoringMonitoring

Past to FuturePast to Future

Technology changes continuously making Technology changes continuously making versatility a primary focus in a Data Center. versatility a primary focus in a Data Center.

At one point in time a single computer occupied At one point in time a single computer occupied the space of an entire Data Center. That same the space of an entire Data Center. That same space can be occupied by thousands of servers space can be occupied by thousands of servers today.today.

ExpandabilityExpandability

Create more RLUs than current needs Create more RLUs than current needs dictatedictate

Power Distributions Unit (PDU) Power Distributions Unit (PDU)

HVACHVAC

Physical SpacePhysical Space

Example RLU DefinitionsExample RLU Definitions

12

3

Power:3.42 BTUs per Hr = 1 watt

Bandwidth:-inbound and outbound bandwidth specifications-Media type requirement

Weight:-Weight of the equipment

Physical Space:-Width and depth of rack chassis-Cooling Dimensions

Functional Capacity:-Needed to determine quantity ofservers for a particular RLU definition

Example RLU DefinitionsExample RLU Definitions

Specifications RLU-A (storage server)

RLU-B(storage server)

RLU-C(processing server)

Weight 780 lbs 970 lbs 1000 lbs

Power Two 3 Amp 208VL6-30R outlets3812 Watts x RM

Two 30 Amp 208VL6-30R outlets4111 Watts x RM

Four 30 Amp 208VL6-30R outlets8488 Watts x RM

Cooling 13040 BTUs per hr 14060 BTUs per hr 29030 BTUs per hr

Physical Space 24 x 48 in 24 x 48 in 24 x 53 in

Bandwidth 8 multi-mode fiber 12 multi-mode fiber 4 Cat6 copper12 multi-mode fiber

Functional Capacity

5.2 TB 4.7 TB 24 CPU 96GB RAM

Disaster PreparationDisaster Preparation

Natural DisastersNatural Disasters-Flooding-Flooding-Seismic Activity-Seismic Activity-Temperature Extremes-Temperature Extremes-Fire-FireHuman DisastersHuman Disasters-Industrial Pollution-Industrial Pollution-Electromagnetic Interference-Electromagnetic Interference

OverviewOverview

1.1. What equipment will the data center What equipment will the data center contain?contain?

2.2. What will be the RLU definitions?What will be the RLU definitions?

3.3. What are the required utility feeds?What are the required utility feeds?

4.4. How many RLUs will be needed?How many RLUs will be needed?

5.5. What are the limiting factors?What are the limiting factors?

BibliographyBibliography

Snevely, Rob. Snevely, Rob. Enterprise Data Center Design Enterprise Data Center Design and Methodology.and Methodology. Palo Alto, California: Sun Palo Alto, California: Sun Microsystems Press, A Prentice Hall Title, 2002Microsystems Press, A Prentice Hall Title, 2002Hornby, David and Pepple, Ken. Hornby, David and Pepple, Ken. Consolidation Consolidation in the Data Centerin the Data Center. Santa Clara, California: Sun . Santa Clara, California: Sun Microsystems Press, A Prentice Hall Title, 2003Microsystems Press, A Prentice Hall Title, 2003Willian, Toigo. Willian, Toigo. Disaster Recovery PlanningDisaster Recovery Planning. . Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall PTR, 2003PTR, 2003Portolani, Maurizio. Portolani, Maurizio. Data Center FundamentalsData Center Fundamentals. . Indianapolis, Indiana: Cisco Press, 2004Indianapolis, Indiana: Cisco Press, 2004

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