data report for the t.f. green air monitoring program...data report for the t.f. green air...

Data Report for the T.F. Green Air Monitoring Program Reporting Period: January 2015 – March 2015 Prepared for:

Rhode Island Airport Corporation

American Ecotech LLC

May 2015

Reporting period January 2015 – March 2015 May 2015

RIAC – T.F. Green Revision 1.0

Transmittal Letter

FIRST QUARTER 2015 MONITORING REPORT FROM: American Ecotech LLC

100 Elm St.

Warren RI, 02885

TO: Jay Brolin

Manager of Environmental Programs

Rhode Island Airport Corporation

2000 Post Road Warwick, RI 02886-8204

Dear Jay,

This document represents American Ecotech with contributions of past data provided by Advanced Monitoring Methods (AMM). This report is a summary of the data collection efforts at T.F. Green for the period of January 2015 through March 2015.

Best Regards, American Ecotech LLC.



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Table of Contents

Section 1: Introduction and Short Summary of the Quarter ....................................................... 2 1.1 Quarterly Summaries of Data Collection ...................................................................................................................................... 2

Section 2: Sampling Program ...................................................................................................... 6 2.1 Station Locations .................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 2.2 Program Description ............................................................................................................................................................................ 7 2.3 Sampling Methods ................................................................................................................................................................................. 8 2.4 Environmental Control ...................................................................................................................................................................... 10 2.5 Sample Handling and Custody ........................................................................................................................................................ 10 2.6 Analytical Methods Requirements ................................................................................................................................................ 10

Section 3: Summary of Monitoring Data ................................................................................... 12 3.1 Overview ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 12 3.1.1 Data Completeness ........................................................................................................................................................................... 12 3.2 Summary of PM2.5 Data ................................................................................................................................................................... 13

3.3 Summary of SVOC Data...................................................................................................................................................................... 15 3.4 Summary of VOC Data ........................................................................................................................................................................ 17 3.5 Summary of Carbonyl Data .............................................................................................................................................................. 18 3.6 Summary of Black Carbon Data ..................................................................................................................................................... 19 3.7 Summary of Particle-Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Data ............................................................................... 4 3.8 Summary of Ultrafine Particulate Data ......................................................................................................................................... 9 3.9 Summary of Meteorological Data .................................................................................................................................................... 5 3.10 Summary of Runway Usage Data .......................................................................................................................................... 15

Section 4 Quality Control Activities ........................................................................................... 18 4.1 Sampler Calibrations .......................................................................................................................................................................... 18

ADDENDA ADDENDUM A: PM2.5 LAB SHEETS

ADDENDUM B: TO-11A LAB SHEETS ADDENDUM C: TO-13A LAB SHEETS ADDENDUM D: TO-15 LAB SHEETS ADDENDUM E: SITE CHECK FORMS



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Quarterly Report

FIRST QUARTER 2015 REPORT PREPARED FOR: RIAC

PREPARED BY: American Ecotech LLC

COPIES: 1

DATE: May 2015

Section 1: Introduction and Short Summary of the Quarter

Under Section 1-7-1 of the State of Rhode Island General Law (The Permanent Air Quality Monitoring Act, or “the Act”), RIAC is required to “design, acquire, install, operate, and maintain a long-term air monitoring program in the vicinity of T.F. Green Airport, American Ecotech began overseeing the monitoring network mid-November 2014. This report summarizes the monitoring activities and results of the RIAC Air Monitoring Program for the 1st quarter of 2015.

The RIAC Air Monitoring Program (RAMP) includes ambient air monitoring for black carbon, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), volatile organic carbons (VOCs), semi-volatile organic carbons (SVOCs), and particulate matter (PM2.5, and PM0.1) at four stations around T.F. Green airport. In addition, select meteorological parameters (wind speed, wind direction, ambient temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation, and barometric pressure) are retrieved from the National Weather Service site at the airport. Flight data is obtained quarterly from RIAC.

Sampling for this period began January 1, 2015 at 0000 hours and was completed on March 31, 2015 at 2400 hours. Sampling was conducted according to the RIAC Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP). The results of this 3-month monitoring work, including comparison to the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), and quality control and quality assurance activities are presented in this report.

1.1 Quarterly Summaries of Data Collection

Past quarterly reports (the current quarterly summary is at the end of this subsection): o During first quarter 2012, data capture was less than specified in the QAPP as

sample collection system contamination issues were resolved and numerous instruments were at the manufacturer for repair and service.

o Second quarter 2012 began with most systems on-line and producing valid data. It was not until April 20, 2012, however, that all instruments and systems had been returned from repair and all RIAC sites were fully functional. After that time, the only



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significant data loss was due to the failure of CPC 3781s at the Lydick and Fire

Station sites. All ultrafine particulate data from those sites was invalidated for the entire second quarter. RIAC ordered new instruments (EPC 3783).

o During 3rd quarter 2012, generally all instruments at all RIAC sites were functional. The only significant and ongoing source of data loss was due to the ultrafine particle

counters. All data from the older model particle counters were invalidated during 3rd

quarter. Additionally, one of the new models at the Pembroke site had a warranty issue and was returned to the manufacturer.

o Fourth quarter 2012 data capture was less than specified in the QAPP at the Fieldview station. Multiple power outages due to Hurricane Sandy and ongoing follow-up issues with samplers were the primary cause for low data recovery. Additional aethalometer data loss at the Fieldview station was due to a malfunctioning sampler. The unit was returned to the manufacturer for repair. Data capture for the ultra-fine particulate samplers continued to be problematic. The new samplers arrived and were installed at the end of December at the Fire Station and

Lydick sites. All 4th quarter data from the old model ultra-fine particulate samplers was invalidated.

o First quarter 2013 met or exceeded all data capture specifications in the RIAC QAPP with the exception the continuing issues with Ultra-fine particle counters. Two new samplers were installed at the end of 2012 at Fire Station and Lydick. However, operational problems remained. The Lydick station ran well for the quarter with a data recovery exceeding 90%. The Fire Station analyzer ran well for one week and then failed. The Fieldview analyzer produced minimal valid data for the period. The Pembroke EPC yielded a 60% data recovery for the quarter. Despite multiple calls to the manufacturer and significant troubleshooting the EPCs did not perform well. AMM initiated an in-depth on-site review with the current manufacturer (Teledyne). This resulted in a site visit/issue resolution trip by the manufacturer to help identify any problems and get the instruments running optimally. Generally, this type of instrument is evolving from a research/lab environment to routine field measurements. AMM and the manufacturer believe that reliable, consistent, and valid data is possible with the planned changes to the instruments that are underway. Data recovery for the aethalometers and polyaromatic hydrocarbon samplers exceeded 90% at all stations. Data recovery for the media based samplers exceeded specifications in the RIAC QAPP except for the Fieldview PUF sampler. The controller unit for this sampler reported spurious flows. The pump was replaced and recalibrated and the sampler still did not run correctly. A new controller unit was ordered but not received by the end of the quarter.

o During second quarter 2013, the ultra-fine particulate samplers continued to have issues. Another site visit with the Teledyne representative was scheduled to identify the sampler issues and to affect repairs and upgrades that will insure satisfactory recoveries. The polyaromatic hydrocarbon sampler at Lydick showed a smaller recovery percentage due to the failure of the sampling pump. A replacement pump was delayed as the manufacturer orders the pumps from Germany and does not



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keep any spares. To prevent a reoccurrence of the delay and associated lost data,

AMM has budgeted for and purchased a spare pump for the sampling program moving forward. Second quarter data capture met or exceeded specifications in the QAPP for media based sampling except for the Fieldview PUF sampler. The flow control unit for this sampler failed and a replacement was ordered. The manufacturer initially sent the wrong flow control unit for the sampler. The incorrect unit was returned to the manufacturer and the correct unit had not arrived on site by the end of the quarter.

Overall during 3rd quarter 2013, data capture met or exceeded QAPP specifications except for the ultra-fine particulate samplers at Fieldview and Pembroke as well as Fieldview’s PUF sampler.

The correct controller for the Fieldview PUF sampler was received and installed. Data recovery for this parameter at the Fieldview site now exceeds the minimum.

The ultra-fine particulate samplers at Fieldview and Pembroke had been returned to the manufacturer for repair and upgrade. They were installed on site in early August. The data recovery for all the ultra-fine particulate samplers has exceeded QAPP specifications since that time.

o 4th quarter 2013 data capture met or exceed specifications in the QAPP for all continuous instruments and sites. Fourth quarter data capture also met or exceeded specifications in the QAPP for all media based sampling.

o 1st quarter 2014 data capture met or exceeded QAPP specifications except for the ultra-fine particulate and PUF samplers at Fieldview and the ultra-fine particulate sampler at Pembroke. Various power outages at Fieldview caused the insufficient data capture on the samplers at this site. The insufficient recovery at Pembroke was due to a pump failure.

o 2nd quarter 2014 data capture met or exceeded QAPP specifications except for the ultra-fine particulate sampler and TO-15 sampler at Fieldview, the Fire Station PUF sampler, and the ultra-fine particulate sampler at Pembroke:

The Fieldview ultra-fine particulate sampler experienced large erroneous spikes that resulted in the invalidation of several hours of data.

The Fieldview TO-15 analysis on April 23, 2014 was invalidated when it was determined that the SILCO canister fitting had a leak.

The Fire Station PUF sampler’s motor controller started to fail in early May. It was initially thought that the motor was bad. However, swapping-out the motor did not fix the problem and a new controller was ordered. Order lead-time resulted in a significant loss of data for the quarter.

The Pembroke ultra-fine particulate sampler pump failed in May resulting in the loss of approximately 8 days of data. A replacement pump was installed and a flow check was conducted.

o 3rd Quarter 2014 data capture met or exceeded QAPP specifications for all parameters and instruments except for the ultra-fine particulate sampler at



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Fieldview. The sampler pump failed in late August and the analyzer was immediately returned to the manufacturer. Unfortunately the spare analyzer was also at the manufacturer for repair so this parameter was not collected until the repaired samplers were returned in late September. Also during the quarter the Pembroke station was moved approximately 200 meters south of its current location to accommodate new athletic fields. This move occurred from September 17th through 19th and resulted in the loss of two days of data. Additionally, it should be noted that the measured values for all parameters at the Pembroke station during the quarter are elevated due to the proximity of construction activities

o 4th Quarter 2014 this quarter’s monitoring practices were started by AMM in October and transferred to American Ecotech in November for the rest of the quarter. Data capture met or exceeded the QAPP specifications.

The Fieldview site was without a PC initially and was subsequently set up to the mirror the other 3 stations. The integration led to gaps in data and other maintenance shutdowns.

The Fieldview TO-11 measures for December were not possible due to a pump failure, which was subsequently replaced.

Quarterly Summary for Current Quarter 1 2015:

This quarter the Fieldview environmental particle counter’s water fill inlet connector broke on 2/19/2015, new connectors were ordered from the manufacturer and the analyzer was brought in for service since it could not run. During this time we performed an annual service on the equipment by changing filters, orifices, inspecting and cleaning internals, and verifying proper flow rates, the analyzer was reinstalled on 3/2/2015 resulting in a loss of 11 days of data.

o The Firestation EPC was brought in for an annual maintenance on 3/24/2015 for intermittent laser status errors, the flows were verified, orifices and filters changed, inspection and cleaning.

o The Partisol sampler at the Lydick site did not run for the 1/18/2015, 1/24/2015, and 1/30/2015 due to a valve being left shut by the site operator.

o The Firestation PUF did not run on 3/7/2015 due to a motor failure, which was subsequently replaced.

The measured values at Pembroke are expected to be exaggerated due to construction on the parking lots and fields in that area.

Runway 16-34 was closed for construction on March 30th 2015 and does not expect to be re-opened until November 2015



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Section 2: Sampling Program

2.1 Station Locations

The four Warwick, RI sites where the monitoring is conducted are described below: 1. The South Site is known as Fieldview (former location of 138 Fieldview Drive) – Located

south-southwest of the airfield approximately 450 feet from Taxiway S and 900 feet from the end of Runway 5. Adjoining land uses include single-family residential to the west and south, long-term parking for airport patrons to the north, and the taxiway/runway system to the east.

2. The North Site is known as Lydick (western end of Lydick Avenue) – Located adjacent to the Spring Green neighborhood and the airport’s northeastern property line, approximately 3⁄4 mile (3,680 feet) from the end of Runway 23. Adjoining land uses include single-family residential to the north, east, and south. To the west is the runway protection zone (RPZ). This site is approximately 2,950 feet northeast of the main runway.

3. The West Site is known as Fire Station (behind Fire Station No. 8, on California Avenue off Post Road) – Located west-northwest of the airport approximately 1⁄2 mile (2,250 feet) from the end of Runway 16. Adjoining land uses include an open field and single family residential to the north and west, commercial development to the south and the fire station, and Post Road to the east.

4. The East Site is known as Pembroke (Pembroke Avenue, between Rowe Avenue and Wells Avenue) – Located due east of the airport approximately 1⁄4 mile (1,425 feet) from the intersection of Runways 5/23 and 16/34. Adjoining land uses are the airport to the west, and residential or vacant land to the north, east, and south.

The locations of the monitoring sites are shown on Figure 2.1 (aerial photograph).



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Figure 2.1. Monitoring Stations Locations.

2.2 Program Description

Table 2.1 presents the monitoring configurations of each of the RIAC monitoring stations.



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Table 2.1. Sampling and Configuration of the Four Monitoring Stations in the RIAC Air Quality Monitoring

Program.

Parameters and Target Compounds1

Sampling and Analysis Equipment/Methods2

Summary Description

Particulate Matter

Fine particulate matter (PM) < 2.5 microns (PM2.5)

EPA Reference Method for PM2.5 Time-integrated (24-hr) sample collected on filters and based on sample weight.

Ultra-fine PM < 0.1 microns (PM0.1)

Water-based Condensation Particle Counter4

Real-time measurements based on light (infrared) scattering characteristics of airborne PM.

Black Carbon (BC) Aethalometer monitors Real-time measurements based on the light absorbing characteristics of soot.

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)3

Benzene4 EPA Method TO-15 Time-integrated (24-hr) sample collected in canisters and based on laboratory GC/MS analysis.

1,3 butadiene4 EPA Method TO-15 (same as above)

Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds (SVOCs)3

Naphthalene4 EPA Method TO-13 (with XAD-2 resin)

(same as above)

Carbonyls3

Acetaldehyde4 EPA Method TO-11A Time-integrated (24hr) sample collected on adsorbent cartridges and based on laboratory HPLC analysis.

Formaldehyde4 EPA Method TO-11A (same as above)

Other

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) bound to particulate matter3.

Monitors for particle-bound PAHs. Real-time measurements based on photoionization of particle-bound PAH.

Wind Direction, Wind Speed, Relative Humidity, and Temperature

Wind vane and anemometer instrumentation

Direction and speed from National Weather Service at the airport.

1 Parameters taken from the State of Rhode Island General Law Section 1-7-1 (The Permanent Air Quality Monitoring Act). 2

Methods cited include the following:

Federal Register Notice (04/22/99) “Revisions to Reference Method for the Determination of Fine Particulate Matter as PM2.5 in the Atmosphere” (Direct Final Rule).

EPA Method TO-11A, Determination of Formaldehyde in Ambient Air Using Adsorbent Cartridge Followed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) [Active Sampling Methodology].

EPA Method TO-13A (Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Ambient Air Using GC/MS).

EPA Method TO-15 (Determination of VOCs in Air Collected in Specially-Prepared Canisters and Analyzed by GC/MS). 3 Because of the limited applications of this instrumentation, the use of water-based condensation particle counters will remain under evaluation by RIAC and RIDEM. 4 Includes the assessment of all the compounds in the classification, not just the ones identified as “target compounds”. For example, EPA Method TO-15 includes additional VOCs other than benzene and 1, 3 butadiene.

2.3 Sampling Methods Sampling of ambient air for the measurement of pollutant concentrations and atmospheric conditions was performed by appropriate monitoring methods. This assures that the air sampled was representative of the ambient air and that the measurements were representative of the



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actual pollutant concentrations.

2.3.1 Reference and Acceptable Methods

Only the PM2.5 monitoring for this program is designated by EPA as a Reference Method. The VOC, SVOC, and carbonyl monitoring were conducted in accordance with EPA Methods TO-15, TO-13A, and TO-11A, respectively. The instruments and systems used to collect ultrafine particulate (PM0.1), black carbon (Aethalometer), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are acceptable, real-time samplers for pollution measurements but they are not EPA certified. Descriptions of each of these monitoring methods are presented below.

2.3.1.1 Fine particulate matter PM2.5 measurements were collected with a Thermo Fisher Partisol-FRM 2000 air sampler. The sampler collects air with a low-volume sampler equipped with a size-segregating cyclone and pre- weighed filters. Post-sample weighing of the filters provided the gravimetric determination of particulate.

2.3.1.2 Semi-volatile organic compounds SVOC samples were collected on a pre-treated polyurethane foam (PUF) plug and XAD resin cartridge with a quartz filter. A Tisch TE-1000 PUF+BL high-volume air sampler was used. The brushless version of this sampler was used, which does not require motor or brush replacement. The particulate phase was collected on a quartz filter, followed by a PUF plug sandwiched around a XAD resin to capture the more volatile compounds, such as naphthalene. Concentrations were determined in accordance with EPA Method TO-13A.

2.3.1.3 Volatile organic compounds and carbonyls VOC samples were collected in six-liter stainless steel SUMMA® canisters. The VOC samples were collected using a passive Entech sampler timing system. The Entech CS1200 sampler was configured to allow the collection of 24-hour VOC samples, including duplicate sampling. The samplers record start and stop times, final canister pressure, and temporal canister pressure data, which are downloaded after each run. Concentrations were determined in accordance with EPA Method TO-15.

2.3.1.4 Carbonyls Carbonyl (e.g., formaldehyde, acetaldehyde) samples were collected on a Sep-Pak cartridge coated with 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH). The cartridges were exposed using an active SKC Aircheck 2000 system. The sampler consists of a sampling pump and a digital timer. The sampler is configured to allow collection of 24-hour carbonyl samples, including duplicate sampling. The samplers record start-and-stop times, final flow rate, and time averaged flow data, which are downloaded after each run.

2.3.1.5 Black carbon Optically-absorbing black-carbon (BC) aerosol particles, which are a characteristic of diesel and jet exhaust, were continuously measured by a Magee Scientific Model AE-22 aethalometer. The aethalometer is equipped with a PM2.5 inlet to ensure BC in the respirable size range is measured.



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2.3.1.6 Particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Particle-bound PAHs were measured continuously with a Desktop Photoelectric Aerosol Sensor (PAS) 2000, manufactured by EcoChem Analytics. Carbonaceous particles are collected in an electrically insulated filter, and PAH-coated aerosols are charged. An electrometer measures the resulting electric current, which is proportional to the PAH concentration.

2.3.1.7 Ultrafine particles Total particle count was measured using two different, real-time, water-based condensation particle counters (EPC). Two of the EPCs were manufactured by TSI (Fieldview and Pembroke). The other two were also manufactured by TSI and then upgraded and sold by Teledyne API (Fire Station and Lydick). New EPCs were installed at all sites during 2013, however, only 2 sites have the upgraded models (Lydick and Fire Station). The particle counters are equipped with an inlet cyclone to screen out particles larger than 3 mm. The majority of particles counted have a diameter of 0.1 mm or less.

2.4 Environmental Control

To help insure proper performance of the gas and particulate samplers, all analyzers and supporting equipment were installed and operated in a temperature-controlled environment. An insulated enclosure with a thermostatically controlled heater was installed to house the analyzers, samplers, data acquisition system, materials, supplies, and storage of project documentation. During the warmer months a built-in Environmental Condition Unit (ECU) maintains appropriate

temperatures in the shelter. The shelter is maintained between 20 and 30 0C and is designed to minimize rapid fluctuations in temperature.

2.5 Sample Handling and Custody

The field technician fills out Chain-of-Custody (COC) forms to document and label each time-integrated sample that requires laboratory analysis. Sample COCs are kept at each of the sites, and each individual sample travels with a paper document from the field to the lab.

A COC is included with each sampling round. The purpose of the COC is to document the history of each sample from collection to analysis. The form lists the sample identifier, sampling matrix, date and time collected, and the requested analyses. The chain also includes the name of the sampler and the time, date, and name of all sample transfers until acceptance at the laboratory.

American Ecotech retains the COCs as long-term records, as well as scanning them for electronic retention. Returning from the field, the technicians either hand-off the samples and COC forms to the laboratory staff, put them in designated areas, or put them in the laboratory refrigerator, as appropriate.

2.6 Analytical Methods Requirements This section provides a description of the analytical methods used for the time-integrated samples (i.e., VOCs, carbonyls, SVOCs, and PM2.5) by the laboratories.



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2.6.1 VOC Analysis

VOCs are analyzed by ConTest Labs in accordance with US EPA guidelines outlined in Compendium Method TO-15: Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in Air Collected in Specially Prepared Canisters and Analyzed by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS).

2.6.2 Carbonyl Analysis

Carbonyls (e.g., formaldehyde, acetaldehyde) are analyzed by ConTest Labs in accordance with Compendium Method TO-11A: Determination of Formaldehyde in Ambient Air Using Adsorbent Cartridge Followed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).

2.6.3 SVOC Analysis

SVOCs (e.g., naphthalene) from the PUF plug and XAD filter are analyzed by ConTest Labs in accordance with Compendium Method TO-13A: Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Ambient Air Using GC/MS (USEPA 1999c).

2.6.4 PM2.5 Analysis

PM2.5 is analyzed by Chester LabNet in accordance with the Federal Reference Method for the Determination of Fine Particulate Matter as PM2.5 in the Atmosphere (40 CFR Part 50, Appendix L).



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Section 3: Summary of Monitoring Data

3.1 Overview

The Clean Air Act requires EPA to set National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). Below is an overview of the relevant NAAQS for the RIAC Monitoring Project.

There are two NAAQS for PM2.5:

The 24-hour standard is 35 g/m3. EPA’s form of the standard is the 98th percentile, averaged over 3 years.

The annual standard is 15 g/m3. EPA’s form of this standard is as an annual mean averaged over 3 years.

In this report, the first and second maximum 24-hour concentrations are reported as well as the average concentration measured during the period.

All other pollutant data without corresponding NAAQS will be reported as follows:

SVOC data will be reported as 24-hour concentrations of naphthalene in g/m3.

VOC data will be reported as 24-hour concentrations in part-per-billion by volume (ppbv) of benzene and 1,3 butadiene.

Carbonyl data will be reported as 24-hour concentrations of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in g/m3.

Black carbon data will be reported as hourly-average concentrations in ng/m3.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons will be reported as hourly average concentrations in ng/m3.

PM0.1 data will be reported as hourly-average concentrations of particles/cm3.

Depending on the collection frequency, pollutant data are typically presented in this report with maximum values, averages, and plots.

Meteorological data obtained from the local National Weather Service Station at the T.F. Green Airport is summarized in Section 3.9.

Runway usage data is summarized in Section 3.10.

3.1.1 Data Completeness

First quarter 2015 data capture met or exceeded the goals specified in the work plan. Refer to section 1.1 above for a description of any instrument and/or data issues. The table below details data recovery statistics.



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Table 3.1. Data Recovery from Continuous Monitors, 1st Quarter 2015.

Site Parameter Valid Hours Total Hours Recovery %

Fieldview

Aethelometer 2095.2 2160.0 97.0%

Polychromatic Hydrocarbons 2095.2 2160.0 97.0%

Ultrafine Particulate Matter 1836 2160.0 85.0%

Lydick

Aethelometer 2095.2 2160.0 97.0%


Ultrafine Particulate Matter 2095.2 2160.0 97.0%

Pembroke

Aethelometer 2116.8 2160.0 98.0%



Firestation

Aethelometer 2008.8 2160.0 93.0%



Total 24948 25920.00 96.3%

3.2 Summary of PM2.5 Data

3.2.1 24-Hour Average PM2.5 Data

Table 3-2 presents all of the 24-hour PM2.5 concentrations for the period. Figure 3.1 presents a plot of the 24-hour average PM2.5 concentrations for all sites for each sampling event from January 1, 2015 through March 31, 2015.

The overall average across sites for 1st quarter 2015 was: 8.7 μg/m3

2015 2014 2013

Quarter 1 8.7 μg/m3 9.3 μg/m3 6.7 μg/m3

Quarter 2 6.1 μg/m3 6.7 μg/m3



Table 3.3 presents a comparison of the 1st high 24-hour average PM2.5 concentrations for all four RIAC

stations relative to the 24-hour average PM2.5 NAAQS for each month from January 2015 through March

2015.



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The highest 24-hour value of 19.5 g/m3 was recorded on March 7th at the Pembroke site.

Previous maxima were:

2014 Location 2013 Location 2012 Location

Quarter 1 21.9μg/m3 Lydick 20.6 μg/m3 Fire Station Quarter 2 29.2 μg/m3 Fieldview 14.3 μg/m3 Fieldview 16.8 g/m3 Pembroke

Quarter 3 12.3 μg/m3 Fieldview 14.6 μg/m3 Fieldview 18.0 g/m3 Lydick

Quarter 4 15.8 μg/m3 Fieldview 13.9 μg/m3 Lydick 17.7 μg/m3 Lydick

Table 3.2. All 24-Hour PM2.5 Concentrations (g/m3) for all Stations, 1st Quarter 2015.

Sampling Date

PM 2.5 Concentratrion ( g/m3 )

Fieldview Fire Station Lydick Pembroke

1/6/2015 6.21 5.46 7.88 7.17

1/12/2015 7.21 7.42 8.04 7.58

1/18/2015 12.7 11.8 ID 17.2

1/24/2015 9.92 9.58 ID 10.8

1/30/2015 9.54 9 ID 10.4

2/5/2015 8.54 8.29 9.63 9.38

2/11/2015 8.46 7.08 8.67 7

2/17/2015 9.88 10.00 11.50 8.83

2/23/2015 10.10 8.96 10.90 11.30

3/1/2015 13.50 12.30 14.90 13.80

3/7/2015 12.5 14.4 16 19.5

3/13/2015 3.92 3.92 3.04 5.58

3/19/2015 10 5.25 6.42 3.46

3/25/2015 9.25 10.8 12.4 10.9

3/31/2015 3.17 6.08 4.25 0.5 Average 8.99 8.68

7.64 9.56

Note: ID = Lab or sampler error, or filter damage.

Figure 3.1. Plot of 24-Hour PM2.5 Concentrations (g/m3) for all Stations 1st Quarter 2015.

0

5

10

15

20

25

Fieldview

Fire Station

Lydick

Pembroke



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Table 3.3. Comparison of the 24-Hour Average PM2.5 Concentration (g/m3) and NAAQS for 1st Quarter 2015.

Period

Maximum 24-Hour Average PM2.5 Concentrations and NAAQS (g/m3 )

NAAQS Fieldview Fire Station Lydick Pembroke

January 2015 35.0 9.1 8.7 3.4 10.6 February 2015 35.0 10.1 9.3 11.1 10.1 March 2015 35.0 7.8 8.1 8.4 8.0

Quarterly Value 35.0 9.0 8.7 7.6 9.6

3.3 Summary of SVOC Data

3.3.1 24-Hour Average Naphthalene Data

The SVOC data of interest is the compound naphthalene. Twenty-four hour samples are taken every

6-days. Table 3.4 presents all monitored 24-hour naphthalene concentrations (g/m3) by site during 1st Quarter 2015. The same information is presented in Figure 3.2, a plot of the 24-hour average naphthalene concentrations for all sites for each sampling event from the quarter. Table 3.5 presents a comparison of the 1st high 24-hour average naphthalene concentration for all four RIAC sites during 1st quarter.

The highest 24-hour value of 0.089 g/m3

was recorded on 3/1/2015 at Fieldview.

Previous quarters maxima were

2014 Location 2013 Location 2012 Location

Quarter 1 0.179 μg/m3 Lydick 0.099 μg/m3 Fire Station Quarter 2 0.055 μg/m3 Fieldview 0.041 μg/m3 Lydick Quarter 3 0.064 μg/m3

0.425 μg/m3 Lydick Quarter 4 0.048 μg/m3 Firestation 0.137 μg/m3 Lydick 0.116 μg/m3 Lydick

The average value across sites for 1st quarter 2015: 0.042g/m3

Prev. Quarters Averages: 2014 2013 2012

Quarter 1 0.059 μg/m3 0.039 μg/m3 Unavailable

Quarter 2 0.021 μg/m3 0.017 μg/m3 0.22 g/m3





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Table 3.4. 24-Hour Naphthalene Concentrations (g/m3) Collected During 1st Quarter 2015.

TO-13 Naphthalene Concentration (g/m3 )

Sample Date Fieldview Fire Station Lydick Pembroke

1/6/2015 0.026 0.025 0.028 0.011

1/12/2015 0.021 0.013 0.013 0.010

1/18/2015 0.078 0.062 0.073 0.055

1/24/2015 0.037 0.030 0.029 0.036

1/30/2015 0.063 0.072 0.061 0.054

2/5/2015 0.044 ID 0.043 0.033

2/11/2015 0.041 0.037 0.033 0.031

2/17/2015 0.073 0.061 0.070 0.047

2/23/2015 ID 0.034 0.054 0.026

3/1/2015 0.089 0.061 0.071 0.061

3/7/2015 0.054 ID 0.049 0.050

3/13/2015 0.034 0.037 0.033 0.030

3/19/2015 0.047 0.027 0.032 0.026

3/25/2015 0.040 0.050 0.049 0.040

3/31/2015 ID 0.016 0.022 0.015

Average 0.050 0.040 0.044 0.035

Note: ID = Lab or Sampler Error

ND = Not Detectable

Figure 3.2. Plot of 24-Hour Average Naphthalene Concentrations (g/m3) Collected during 1st Quarter 2015.

0.000

0.010

0.020

0.030

0.040

0.050

0.060

0.070

0.080

0.090

0.100

Fieldview

Fire Station

Lydick

Pembroke



17

Table 3.5. Comparison of the Maximum 24-Hour Average Naphthalene Concentrations (g/m3) by Site During 1st

Quarter 2015.

Period

Maximum 24-Hour Average Napthalene Concentrations (g/m3 )


January 2015 0.078 0.072 0.073 0.055

February 2015 0.073 0.061 0.070 0.047

March 2015 0.089 0.061 0.071 0.061

Quarterly Maximum 0.089 0.072 0.073 0.061

3.4 Summary of VOC Data

3.4.1 24-Hour Average VOC Data

The VOC data is acquired via a once a month, 24-hour canister sample. Two VOCs are of interest: 1,3 Butadiene and Benzene. Table 3.6 contains the measurements of each of the VOCs by month by site. All but one of the 1,3 Butadiene samples were below the detection limits of the sampling and analysis systems. The only reported result was of 0.036ppbv from Fire Station on 1/24/15.

The 1st quarter maximum Benzene value of 0.82 ppbv was collected at Fieldview on 3/20/15.

Previous quarter’s maxima:

2014 2013 2012

Quarter 1 0.536 ppbv 0.854 ppbv Quarter 2 0.662 ppbv 0.541 ppbv 1.81 ppbv

Quarter 3 0.435 ppbv 0.812 ppbv 0.545 ppbv


The 1st quarter average of all valid monthly Benzene samples across sites is 0.413 ppbv. Previous quarter’s averages are:

2014 2013 2012

Quarter 1 0.351 ppbv 0.381 ppbv n/a


Quarter 3 0.325 ppbv 0.471 ppbv 0..382 pbv

Quarter 4 0.2985 ppbv 0.455 ppbv 0.426 ppbv Table 3.6. 24-Hour Monthly Samples by Site of VOCs during 1st Quarter 2015.

Date

Parameter

Concentration in Part-Per-Billion by Volume (ppbv)


1/24/2015 1,3 Butadiene ND 0.036 ND ND

Benzene 0.66 0.38 0.25 0.19

2/23/2015 1,3 Butadiene ND ND ND ND

Benzene 0.35 0.53 0.34 0.21

* 3/20/2015 1,3 Butadiene ND ND ND ND

Benzene 0.82 0.32 0.71 0.2

ID = Lab or Sampler Error

ND = Not Detectable *Scheduled sample date 3/25/15, operator error



18

3.5 Summary of Carbonyl Data

3.5.1 24-Hour Average Carbonyl Data

The carbonyl data is acquired via a once a month, 24-hour cartridge sample.

The highest 1st quarter formaldehyde value of 151.35 g/m3 was collected on 2/23/15 at Fire station. Previous quarter’s maxima are:

Formaldehyde 2014 2013 2012

Quarter 1 306.27 μg/m3 1.49 μg/m

3


3 7.11 g/m

3

Quarter 3 83.11 μg/m3 186.72 μg/m

3 4.42 g/m

3

Quarter 4 109.00 g/m

3 175.21 μg/m

3 2.60 μg/m

3

The average valid formaldehyde measurement for 1st quarter 2015 is 39.61 μg/m3.

Previous quarter’s averages are:

Formaldehyde 2014 2013 2012

Quarter 1 117.11 μg/m3 0.96 μg/m3 Quarter 2 47.18 μg/m3 1.15 μg/m3 3.48 g/m3



3 1.39 μg/m

3

The quarterly maximum acetaldehyde value is 0.96 μg/m3 on 1/24/15 at Fire Station. Previous quarter’s maxima are:

Acetaldehyde 2014 2013 2012




The average acetaldehyde value for the 1st quarter 2015 is 0.63 g/m3.

Previous quarter’s averages are:

Acetaldehyde 2014 2013 2012






19

Table 3.7. 24-Hour Monthly Samples by Site of Carbonyls during 4th Quarter 2014.

Date

Parameter

Fieldview

Concentration in g/m3

Firestation Lydick

Pembroke

1/24/2015 Formaldehyde ND 123.3 0.35 0.72 Acetaldehyde ND 0.96 0.424 ND 2/23/2015 Formaldehyde ND 151.35 0.32 ND Acetaldehyde ND 0.50 ND ND 3/19/2015* Formaldehyde 1.414 38.70 0.87 1.29 Acetaldehyde 0.548 ND ND ND

ND = Not Detectable

*Scheduled sample date 3/25/2015, operator error.

3.6 Summary of Black Carbon Data

3.6.1 Real-Time Black Carbon Data

The black carbon data is collected hourly with an aethalometer at each monitoring site. The 4th

quarter data are presented by site in tables and plots in separate subsections.

Fieldview: o The highest hourly value at Fieldview was 2141.0 ng/m3 on 2/4/15 at 8:00AM .

Previous quarterly maxima: 4th quarter 2014 --- 3153.8 ng/m3, 3rd 2014 --- 2196.7 ng/m3 , 2nd

2014 -- 2557.8 ng/m3, 1st 2014 - 4815.8 ng/m3, 4th 2013 - 3754.3 ng/m3, 3rd 2013 –

4815.1 ng/m3, 2nd 2013 - 4187.9 ng/m3, 1st 2013--4521.4 ng/m3, 4th 2012 - 5133.0

ng/m3, 3rd 2012 - 7002.7 ng/m3, and 2nd 2012- 4679.3 ng/m3. o The average hourly value during 1st quarter was 339.5 ng/m3.

Previous quarterly averages: 4th quarter 2014 --- 518.2 ng/m3,3rd quarter 2014 ---399.4 ng/m3 , 2nd 2014 -- 295.8 ng/m3, 1st 2014 - 431.6 ng/m3, 4th

quarter 2013 – 518.8 ng/m3, 3rd 2013 471.8 ng/m3, 2nd quarter 2013 - 369.6 ng/m3, 1st 2013 - 421.1 ng/m3, 4th 2012 - 674.7 ng/m3, 3rd 2012 - 541.8 ng/m3, and 2nd 2012 - 458.4 ng/m3.

Fire Station: o The highest hourly value at Fire Station was 3774.9 ng/m3 on 3/25/15 at 6:00AM.

Previous hourly maxima:4th quarter 2014 --- 3796.0 ng/m3 , 3rd quarter 2014 --- 2851.3 ng/m3,2nd 2014 -- 5398.0 ng/m3 , 1st 2014 – 5209.5 ng/m3, 4th

2013 - 5437.1 ng/m3, 3rd 2013 - 6380.7 ng/m3, 2nd 2013 - 2596.6 ng/m3, 1st

2013 - 4767.8 ng/m3, 4th 2012 - 4309.3 ng/m3, 3rd 2012 - 6219.3 ng/m3, and 2nd 2012 -3133.9 ng/m3.

o Its average hourly value during 1st quarter was 423.1 ng/m3.

Previous quarterly averages:4th quarter 2014 --- 496.6 ng/m3, 3rd quarter 2014 --- 438.7ng/m3,2nd quarter 2014 -- 346.6 ng/m3, 1st quarter 2014 – 466.2 ng/m3, 4th 2013 - 614.6 ng/m3, 3rd 2013 – 489.7 ng/m3, 2nd 2013 - 358.6 ng/m3, 1st 2013 - 374.6 ng/m3, 4th 2012 - 537.9 ng/m3, 3rd 2012 - 534.4 ng/m3, and 2nd 2012 - 382.8 ng/m3.



20

Lydick: o The highest hourly value was 6311.2 ng/m3 on 2/25/15 at 7:00AM.

Previous quarterly maxima:4th quarter 2014 --- 5468.8 ng/m3, 3rd quarter 2014 --- 3288.1 ng/m3 , 2nd 2014 -- 2396.7 ng/m3, 1st 2014 – 4895.2 ng/m3, 4th 2013 - 5762.3 ng/m3, 3rd 2013 – 6014.8 ng/m3, 2nd 2013 - 11,278.5 ng/m3, 1st 2013 - 5980.7 ng/m3, 4th 2012- 8662.0 ng/m3, 3rd 2012 - 4913.8 ng/m3, and 2nd 2012 - 2997.9 ng/m3.

o Its average hourly value during 1st quarter was 474.0 ng/m3.

Previous quarterly averages:4th quarter 2014 --- 512.4 ng/m3 ,3rd quarter 2014 --- 443.8 ng/m3, 2nd 2014 297.4 ng/m3, 1st 2014 – 485.2 ng/m3, 4th 2013 - 582.3 ng/m3, 3rd 2013 – 463.9 ng/m3, 2nd 2013 - 320.5 ng/m3, 1st 2013 - 376.4 ng/m3, 4th 2012 - 550.9 ng/m3, 3rd 2012 - 449.1 ng/m3, and 2nd 2012 - 336.5 ng/m3.

Pembroke: o The highest hourly value was 4811.1 ng/m3 on 2/25/15 at 7:00AM.

Previous quarterly maxima: 4th quarter 2014 --- 3127.7 ng/m3,3rd quarter 2014 --- 7071.9 ng/m3,2nd 2014 -- 3809.1 ng/m3, 1st 2014 – 14,803.9 ng/m3, 4th 2013 - 17,189.1 ng/m3, 3rd 2013 – 13,220.3 ng/m3, 2nd 2013 - 8136.9 ng/m3, 1st 2013- 15,767.8 ng/m3, 4th 2012 - 17,325.0 ng/m3, 3rd 2012 - 12,126.6 ng/m3, and 2nd 2012 - 3010.1 ng/m3.

o Its average hourly value was during 1st quarter was 474.0 ng/m3.

Previous quarterly averages: 4th quarter 2014 --- 434.7ng/m3, 3rd quarter

2014 --- 534.5 ng/m3, 2nd 2014 -- 323.1 ng/m3, 1st 2014 – 1007.3 ng/m3, 4th

2013 - 2031.3 ng/m3, 3rd 2013 – 1606.1 ng/m3, 2nd 2013 - 1094.8 ng/m3, 1st

2013 - 1324.5 ng/m3, 4th 2012 - 1858.0 ng/m3, 3rd 2012 - 871.5 ng/m3, and

2nd 2012 -300.3 ng/m3.



0

3.6.1.1 Black Carbon Fieldview Site

Table 3.8. Hourly Maximums and Hourly Average Black Carbon Concentrations (ng/m3) at Fieldview, 1st Quarter

2015.

Period

Maximum and Hourly Average Black Carbon Concentrations (ng/m3)

Fieldview

1st High 2nd High Average

January 2015 1995.4 1856.3 318.8

February 2015 2141.0 2124.3 405.3

March 2015 1723.0 1504.4 294.4

Maximum 2141.0 2124.3 405.3

Average 339.5

Figure 3.3. Plot of Hourly Average Black Carbon Concentrations (ng/m3) at Fieldview, 1st Quarter 2015.



1

3.6.1.2 Black Carbon Fire Station Site

Table 3.9. Hourly Maximums and Hourly Average Black Carbon Concentrations (ng/m3) at Fire Station, 1st

Quarter 2015.

Period


Fire Station


January 2015 2262.2 2157.6 353.9

February 2015 2146.4 2023.7 400.7

March 2015 3774.9 2383.5 514.7

Maximum 3774.9 2383.5 514.7

Average 423.1

Figure 3.4. Plot of Hourly Average Black Carbon Concentrations (ng/m3) at Fire Station, 1st Quarter 2015.



2

3.6.1.3 Black Carbon Lydick Site

Table 3.10. Hourly Maximums and Hourly Average Black Carbon Concentrations (ng/m3) at Lydick, 1st Quarter

2015.

Period


Lydick


January 2015 3163.5 2855.3 404.5

February 2015 6311.2 3985.6 547.7

March 2015 3056.4 2649.8 469.9

Maximum 6311.2 3985.6 547.7

Average 474.0

Figure 3.5. Plot of Hourly Average Black Carbon Concentrations (ng/m3) at Lydick, 1st Quarter 2015.



3

3.6.1.4 Black Carbon Pembroke Site

Table 3.11. Hourly Maximums and Hourly Average Black Carbon Concentrations (ng/m3) at Pembroke, 1st

Quarter 2015.

Period


Pembroke


January 2015 2246.7 2231.3 376.9

February 2015 4811.1 3720.7 483.2

March 2015 3907.0 3048.6 430.1

Maximum 4811.1 3720.7 483.2

Average 430.1

Figure 3.6. Plot of Hourly Average Black Carbon Concentrations (ng/m3) at Pembroke, 4th Quarter 2014.



4

3.7 Summary of Particle-Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Data 3.7.1 Real-Time Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Data

The PAH data is collected hourly with a photoelectric aerosol sensor at each monitoring site. The 1st quarter data are presented by site in tables and plots in separate subsections below.

Fieldview

o The highest hourly value during 1st quarter was 421.7ng/m3 on 1/29/15 at 7:00PM Previous quarter’s maxima: 4th quarter 2014 --- 471.0 ng/m3, 3rd 2014 --- 207.5

ng/m3 , 2nd 2014 -- 158.1 ng/m3, 1st 2014 – 778.6 ng/m3, 4th 2013 - 398.4 ng/m3, 3rd 2013 – 496.6 ng/m3, 2nd 2013 – 905.8 ng/m3, 1st 2013 - 368.4 ng/m3, 4th 2012 - 411.5 ng/m3, 3rd 2012 – 378 ng/m3, and 2nd 2012 - 192.9 ng/m3.

o The average hourly value during 1st quarter was 32.8 ng/m3. Previous quarter’s averages: 4th quarter 2014 --- 33.3 ng/m3, 3rd 2014 --- 23.8

ng/m3 , 2nd 2014 -- 1st 2014 – 39.5 ng/m3, 4th 2013 - 39.3 ng/m3, 3rd 2013 – 24.9 ng/m3, 2nd 2013 – 21.2 ng/ m3, 1st 2013 - 30.8 ng/m3, 4th 2012 - 38.6 ng/m3, 3rd 2012 - 24.6 ng/m3, and 2nd 2012 - 20.2 ng/m3.

Fire Station o The highest hourly value during 1st quarter was 256.6 ng/m3 on 3/25/15 at 6:00 AM.

Previous quarter’s maxima: 4th quarter 2014 --- 499.7 ng/m3, 3rd 2014 --- 157.0 ng/m3 , 2nd 2014 -- 147.2 ng/m3, 1st 2013 – 194.0 ng/m3, 4th 2013 - 326.6 ng/m3, 3rd 2013 – 472.9 ng/m3, 2nd 2013 – 139.3 ng/m3, 1st 2013 - 218.7 ng/m3, 4th 2012 - 4433.5 ng/m3, 3rd 2012 - 399.2 ng/m3, and 2nd 2012 - 326.1 ng/m3.

o The average hourly value during 1st quarter was 21.0 ng/m3. Previous quarter’s averages: 4th quarter 2014 --- 26.9 ng/m3, 3rd 2014 --- 19.8

ng/m3 , 2nd 2014 --- , 1st 2014 – 22.6 ng/m3, 4th 2013 - 29.1 ng/m3, 3rd 2013 – 20.2 ng/m3, 2nd 2013 – 17.2 ng/m3, 1st 2013 - 21.8 ng/m3, 4th 2012 - 493.1 ng/m3, 3rd 2012 - 21.7 ng/m3, and 2nd 2012 - 18.0 ng/m3.

Lydick o The highest hourly value during 1st quarter was 705.5ng/m3 on 2/25/15 at 7:00 AM.

Previous quarter’s maxima: 1st quarter 2014 --- 685.5 ng/m3, 3rd 2014 --- 379.8 ng/m3, 2nd 2014 -- 251.6 ng/m3, 1st 2014 – 482.2 ng/m3, 4th 2013 – 519.1 ng/m3, 3rd 2013 – 535.5 ng/m3, 2nd 2013 – 904.0 ng/m3, 1st 2013 - 534.5 ng/m3, 4th 2012 - 532.8 ng/m3, 3rd 2012 - 1584.3 ng/m3, and 2nd 2012 292.8 ng/m3.

o The average hourly value during 1st quarter was 46.3 ng/m3. Previous quarter’s average values: 4th quarter 2014 --- 48.9 ng/m3, 3rd

quarter 2014 --- 32.5 ng/m3, 2nd 2014 -- 25.1 ng/m3, 1st 2014 – 45.4 ng/m3, 4th 2013 - 47.6 ng/m3, 3rd 2013 – 26.5 ng/m3, 2nd 2013 – 25.7 ng/m3, 1st 2013 – 36.7 ng/m3, 4th 2012 - 46.4 ng/m3, 3rd 2012 - 30.5 ng/m3 and 2nd 2012 - 26.6 ng/m3.



5

Pembroke o The highest hourly value during 1st quarter was 489.7ng/m3 on 3/15/15 at 5:00 AM.

Previous quarter’s maxima: 4th quarter 2014 --- 751.8 ng/m3, 3rd quarter 2014 --- 1348.4 ng/m3 , 2nd 2014 306.6 ng/m3, 1st 2014 – 450.1 ng/m3, 4th

2013 - 610.4 ng/m3, 3rd 2013 – 295.0 ng/m3, 2nd 2013 – 506.4 ng/m3, 1st

2013 - 2034.4 ng/m3, 4th 2012 - 1441.3 ng/m3, 3rd 2012 - 348.3 ng/m3, and 2nd 2012 - 432.0 ng/m3.

o Pembroke’s 1st quarter average hourly value was 43.6 ng/m3. Previous quarter’s averages: 4th quarter 2014 --- 43.5ng/m3 , 3rd quarter

2014 --- 51.8 ng/m3, 2nd 2014 -- 43.1 ng/m3, 1st 2014 – 44.1 ng/m3, 4th 2013 - 47.4 ng/m3, 3rd 2013 – 29.8 ng/m3, 2nd 2013 – 29.8 ng/m3, 1st 2013 - 51.1 ng/m3, 4th 2012 - 52.7 ng/m3, 3rd 2012 - 32.5 ng/m3 and 2nd 2012 - 28.4 ng/m3.

3.7.1.1 PAH Fieldview Site

Table 3.12. Fieldview Site Hourly Maximums and Average Monthly & Quarterly PAH Values (ng/m3), 1st Quarter

2015.

Period

Maximum and Hourly Average PAH Concentrations (ng/m3)

Fieldview


January 2015 421.7 258.0 32.4

February 2015 376.8 367.0 39.6

March 2015 219.0 181.2 26.5

Maximum 421.7 367.0 39.6

Average 32.8

Figure 3.7. Plot of Fieldview Site Hourly Average PAH Concentrations (ng/m3), 1st Quarter 2015.



6

3.7.1.2 PAH Fire Station Site

Table 3.13. Fire Station Site Hourly Maximums and Average Monthly & Quarterly PAH Values (ng/m3), 1st Quarter

2015.

Period


Fire Station


January 2015 130.9 108.3 20.7

February 2015 168.2 137.0 21.9 March 2015

256.6 159.2 20.4

Maximum 256.6 159.2 21.9

Average 21.0

Figure 3.8. Plot of Fire Station Site Hourly Average PAH Concentrations (ng/m3), 1st Quarter 2015.



7

3.7.1.3 PAH Lydick Sitea

Table 3.14. Lydick Site Hourly Maximums and Average Monthly & Quarterly PAH Values (ng/m3), 1st Quarter 2015.

Period


Lydick


January 2015 419.0 381.7 44.1 February 2015 705.5 508.2 54.0

March 2015 381.1 376.0 41.0

Maximum 705.5 508.2 54.0

Average 46.3

Figure 3.9. Plot of Lydick Site Hourly Average PAH Concentrations (ng/m3), 1st Quarter 2015.



8

3.7.1.4 PAH Pembroke Site

Table 3.15. Pembroke Site Hourly Maximums and Average Monthly & Quarterly PAH Values (ng/m3), 1st Quarter

2015.

Period


Pembroke



March 2015 489.7 261.5 40.9

Qrtly Maximum 489.7 366.8 48.2

Average 43.6

Figure 3.10. Plot of Pembroke Site Hourly Average PAH Concentrations (ng/m3), 1st Quarter 2015.



9

3.8 Summary of Ultrafine Particulate Data

3.8.1 Real-Time Ultrafine Particulate Data

The ultrafine particulate data is collected hourly with a particle counter equipped with an inlet cyclone to screen out particles larger than 3 mm. The majority of particles counted have a diameter of 0.1 mm or less. The 1st quarter data are presented by site in summary form immediately below and in tables and plots in separate subsections.

Fieldview

o The highest hourly value during 1st quarter was 78,363 particles/cm3 on 1/3/15 at 8AM.


Fieldview 2014 2013 2012

Quarter 1 111,836 particles/cm3 invalid data Quarter 2 131,465 particles/cm3 invalid data 97,873.3 particles/cm

3

Quarter 3 112,022 particles/cm3 86,618.0 particles/cm3 284,343.6 particles/cm

3

Quarter 4 103,301 particles/cm3 138,025 particles/cm3 96,986.9 particles/cm3

o The average hourly value during 1st quarter was 12,392 particles/cm3

Previous quarter’s average values:

Fieldview 2014 2013 2012

Quarter 1 15,264 particles/cm3 invalid data Quarter 2 11,877 particles/cm3 invalid data 8357 particles/cm3

Quarter 3 10,109 particles/cm3 12,032.0 particles/cm

3 9403 particles/cm

3

Quarter 4 12,501 particles/cm3 12,357 particles/cm

3 12,249.3 particles/cm

3

Fire Station

o The highest hourly value during 1st quarter was 94,285 particles/cm3 on 1/29/2015 at 8AM.


Firestation 2014 2013 2012

Quarter 1 89,946 particles/cm3 invalid data Quarter 2 87,429 particles/cm3 invalid data invalid data

Quarter 3 109,807 particles/cm3 75,590 particles/cm3 invalid data


o The average hourly value during 1st quarter was 12,806 particles/cm3. Previous quarter’s averages:

Firestation 2014 2013 2012

Quarter 1 17,169 particles/cm3 invalid data Quarter 2 11,032 particles/cm3 invalid data invalid data





10

Lydick

o The highest hourly value during 1st quarter was 98,411 particles/cm3 on 2/3/15 at 6PM.


Lydick 2014 2013 2012

Quarter 1 117,411 particles/cm3 170,860 particles/cm3




o The average hourly value during 1st quarter was 12,057 particles/cm3.

Previous quarter’s averages:

Lydick 2014 2013 2012

Quarter 1 15,380 particles/cm3 17,570 particles/cm3



3 invalid data


3 invalid data



0

Pembroke o The 1st quarter’s highest hourly value of ultrafine particles was 91,923

particles/cm3 on 2/27/15 at 6:00 AM. Previous Quarters Maxima

Pembroke 2014 2013 2012


3

Quarter 2 111,452 particles/cm3 data invalid


3


3 356,342 particles/cm

3

o The 1st quarter’s average hourly value was 17,211 particles/cm3.

Previous quarter’s average values:

Pembroke 2014 2013 2012


3

Quarter 2 11,063 particles/cm3 data invalid


3


3 20,611 particles/cm

3



1

3.8.1.1 Ultrafine PM Fieldview Site

Table 3.16. Hourly Maximums and Hourly Average Ultrafine Particle Concentrations (PM0.1) at Fieldview, 1st

Quarter 2015 in particles/cm3.

Period

Maximum and 24-Hour Average PM0.1 (particles/cm3)

Fieldview


January 2015 78363.3 72950.3 11690.6

February 2015 43910.2 39695.0 12292.8

March 2015 50128.3 49373.5 13193.0

Maximum 78363.3 72950.3 13193.0

Average 12392.1

Figure 3.11. Plot of Hourly Average Ultrafine Particles (PM0.1) at Fieldview, 1st Quarter 2015 in particles/cm3.



2

3.8.1.2 Ultrafine PM Fire Station Site

Table 3.17. Hourly Maximums and Hourly Average Ultrafine Particle Concentrations (PM0.1) at Fire Station, 1st


Period


Fire Station



March 2015 89401.7 62230.0 10792.7

Maximum 94285.0 79241.7 15302.8

Average 12806.4

Figure 3.12. Plot of Hourly Average Ultrafine Particles (PM0.1) at Fire Station, 1st Quarter 2015 in particles/cm3.



3

3.8.1.3 Ultrafine PM Lydick Site

Table 3.18. Hourly Maximums and Hourly Average Ultrafine Particle Concentrations (PM0.1) at Lydick, 1st


Period


Lydick



March 2015 85808.3 78323.3 9658.7

Maximum 98411.7 90253.3 14094.3

Average 12057.8

Figure 3.14. Plot of Hourly Average Ultrafine Particles (PM0.1) at Lydick, 1st Quarter 2015 in particles/cm3



4

3.8.1.4 Ultrafine PM Pembroke Site

Table 3.19. Hourly Maximums and Hourly Average Ultrafine Particle Concentrations (PM0.1) at Pembroke, 1st


Period


Pembroke



March 2015 68194.2 67544.7 15338.0

Maximum 91923.3 85335.0 21217.7

Average 17211.1

Figure 3.14. Plot of Hourly Average Ultrafine Particles (PM0.1) at Pembroke, 1st Quarter 2015 in particles/cm3.



5

3.9 Summary of Meteorological Data

3.9.1 Hourly Average Meteorological Data

The National Weather Service station at T. F. Green Airport provided the meteorological data. The parameters summarized below include: wind speed, wind direction, temperature, and relative humidity.

3.9.2 Wind Rose Summary

Wind roses for the 10-meter wind sensor for each month of the period as well as for the entire quarter are presented in Figure 3.15 through Figure 3.18, respectively.

Figure 3.15. Wind Rose for the 10-meter Wind Sensor, January 2015.



6

Figure 3.16. Wind Rose for the 10-meter Wind Sensor, February 2015



7

Figure 3.17. Wind Rose for the 10-meter Wind Sensor, March 2015.



8

Figure 3.18. Wind Rose for 10-meter Wind Sensor, 1st Quarter 2015



9

3.9.3 Wind Speed The 10-meter wind speed summary for the period January 1, 2015 through March 31, 2015 is presented in Table 3.21 and Figure 3.19. The highest hourly average value during 1st quarter of 33 m/s occurred on 1/27/2015 at 4AM. The overall average wind speed for 1st quarter was 9.6m/s.

The average wind speed for previous quarters: 4th quarter 2014 --- 9.2 m/s, 3rd quarter 2014 --- 4.5m/s ,2nd 2014 – 4.0 m/s, 1st 2014 – 4.1 m/s, 4th 2013 – 3.3 m/s, 3rd 2013 – 3.2 m/s, 2nd 2013 - 4.0 m/s, 1st 2013 - 4.4 m/s, 4th 2012- 3.6 m/s, 3rd 2012 - 3.0 m/s, and 2nd

2012 - 3.6 m/s.

Figure 3.19. Plot of 10-meter Hourly Average Wind Speed (m/s), 1st Quarter 2015.



10

3.9.4 Temperature Summary

The average daily temperature data at 2 meters with corresponding maximums and minimums for the period January 1, 2015 through march 31, 2015, is presented in Table 3.22 and Figure 3.20. The

quarterly average temperature for the entire period was -2.50C. The highest hourly average

temperature for the period of 14.40C was recorded on 3/26/2015 at 8pm. The lowest temperature

for the period of -20.6 0C was recorded on 2/21/2015 at 3am. Table 3.22. Daily Average, Maximum, and Minimum Temperatures (°C), 1st Quarter 2015.

Date Tmax Tmin Tavg Date Tmax Tmin Tavg Date Tmax Tmin Tavg

1/1 2.8 -8.3 -2.8 2/1 0.6 -11.7 -5.6 3/1 -1.7 -14.4 -7.8

1/2 5.0 -3.3 1.1 2/2 -0.6 -11.1 -5.6 3/2 2.2 -5.0 -1.1

1/3 1.7 -5.0 -1.7 2/3 -5.0 -14.4 -9.4 3/3 1.7 -12.8 -5.6

1/4 13.3 0.6 7.2 2/4 3.9 -15.0 -5.6 3/4 6.1 1.7 3.9

1/5 10.0 -8.3 1.1 2/5 2.8 -12.2 -4.4 3/5 3.3 -6.7 -1.7

1/6 -7.2 -11.1 -8.9 2/6 -5.6 -18.3 -11.7 3/6 -4.4 -12.8 -8.3

1/7 -3.9 -15.0 -9.4 2/7 -1.7 -9.4 -5.6 3/7 1.7 -13.3 -5.6

1/8 -6.7 -17.8 -12.2 2/8 0.6 -8.9 -3.9 3/8 6.7 -5.6 0.6

1/9 2.2 -9.4 -3.3 2/9 -5.6 -8.9 -7.2 3/9 9.4 -7.8 1.1

1/10 -4.4 -11.7 -7.8 2/10 0.0 -8.3 -3.9 3/10 6.7 -3.9 1.7

1/11 1.1 -12.2 -5.6 2/11 -3.3 -7.2 -5.0 3/11 13.9 2.2 8.3

1/12 3.9 1.1 2.8 2/12 1.1 -11.7 -5.0 3/12 5.6 -2.8 1.7

1/13 2.2 -8.9 -3.3 2/13 -5.6 -15.0 -10.0 3/13 3.9 -5.0 -0.6

1/14 -3.3 -9.4 -6.1 2/14 -1.1 -18.3 -9.4 3/14 6.7 -1.7 2.8

1/15 -0.6 -4.4 -2.2 2/15 -5.6 -18.3 -11.7 3/15 7.8 -1.1 3.3

1/16 4.4 -8.3 -1.7 2/16 -7.8 -19.4 -13.3 3/16 8.9 -1.7 3.9

1/17 -3.9 -11.7 -7.8 2/17 -5.6 -11.7 -8.3 3/17 11.7 -1.1 5.6

1/18 11.1 -7.2 2.2 2/18 -1.1 -8.9 -5.0 3/18 1.1 -5.6 -2.2

1/19 6.7 0.0 3.3 2/19 -3.3 -12.8 -7.8 3/19 2.8 -7.2 -2.2

1/20 3.3 -2.8 0.6 2/20 -6.7 -17.8 -12.2 3/20 0.0 -7.8 -3.9

1/21 1.7 -6.7 -2.2 2/21 1.1 -20.6 -9.4 3/21 5.0 -2.8 1.1

1/22 3.9 -1.7 1.1 2/22 3.9 -4.4 0.0 3/22 2.8 -6.7 -1.7

1/23 3.3 -5.6 -1.1 2/23 -1.1 -15.0 -7.8 3/23 1.1 -8.3 -3.3

1/24 1.7 0.0 1.1 2/24 -6.7 -19.4 -12.8 3/24 5.0 -6.1 -0.6

1/25 3.3 -5.6 -1.1 2/25 1.7 -13.9 -6.1 3/25 8.3 -5.6 1.7

1/26 -2.2 -9.4 -5.6 2/26 -4.4 -7.8 -6.1 3/26 14.4 4.4 9.4

1/27 -6.1 -10.0 -7.8 2/27 -1.1 -13.3 -7.2 3/27 7.2 3.3 5.6

1/28 -3.3 -11.1 -7.2 2/28 -1.7 -12.2 -6.7 3/28 3.9 -1.7 1.1

1/29 0.6 -16.1 -7.8 3/29 6.1 -4.4 1.1

1/30 1.7 -7.2 -2.8 3/30 8.9 -1.1 3.9

1/31 -5.0 -11.1 -7.8 3/31 9.4 0.0 5.0

Jan. Avg.

-3.08

Feb. Avg.

-7.38

Mar. Avg.

0.56



11

Figure 3.20. Plot of Daily Average, Maximum, and Minimum Temperatures (°C), 1st Quarter 2015.

-25.0

-20.0

-15.0

-10.0

-5.0

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

Tem

p (

deg

C)

Date

Temperatures Q1 2015

Tmax

Tmin

Tavg



12

3.9.5 Relative Humidity Data

The average daily relative humidity data for the period January 1, 2015 through March 31, 2015 is presented in Table 3.23 and Figure 3.21. The quarterly average relative humidity for the entire period was 62.4% the highest hourly average relative humidity for the entire period of 100% was recorded for 1 or more hours on 11 days during the 1st quarter. The lowest hourly average relative humidity for the entire period of 17% was recorded on 3/18/2015 at 11am.

Table 3.23. Daily Average Relative Humidity (RH%), 4th Quarter 2014 by month.



13



14



15

Figure 3.21. Plot of Daily Average Relative Humidity (RH%), 1st Quarter 2015.

3.10 Summary of Runway Usage Data

3.10.1 Runway Usage Data

The runway data was acquired from RIAC. Figure 3.21 presents a map of the airport with the arrivals and departures for each runway for each month of the quarter as well as the cumulative total. Table 3.24 summarizes the same data. There were a total of 12,038 flights during 1st quarter 2015.

Previous quarter’s totals: 4th quarter 2014 --- 13,649 flights ,3rd quarter 2014 --- 17,823 flights, 2nd 2014 – 16,089 flights, 1st 2014 – 12,760 flights, 4th 2013 – 14,359 flights, 3rd

2013– 18,153 flights, 2nd 2013 - 14,928 flights, 1st 2013 - 11,713 flights, 4th 2012 - 14,420 flights, 3rd 2012 - 17,636 flights, and 2nd 2012 - 16,346 flights.



16

Figure 3.22. Maps Presenting the Number of Flights by Arrival and Departure for Each Month and the Cumulative Total for 1st Quarter 2015.

January 2015 February 2015

March 2015 January – March 2015 (1st Quarter)

Arrival 626 / 16%

Arrival 858 / 23%

Arrival 10 / 0% Arrival 282 / 7%

Depart 1015 / 27%

Depart 721 / 19%

Depart 266/ 7%

Depart 20 / 1%

Arrival 630 / 16%

Arrival 708 / 18%

Arrival 7/ 0% Arrival 374 / 9%

Depart 1008 / 26%

Depart 784 / 20%

Depart 401 / 10%

Depart 33 / 1%

Arrival 521 / 12%

Arrival 963 / 22%

Arrival 25 / 1% Arrival 463 / 11%

Depart 1298 / 30%

Depart 577 / 13%

Depart 388 / 9%

Depart 60 / 2%

Arrival 1777 / 14.8%

Arrival 2529 / 21.0%

Arrival 42 / 0.3% Arrival 1119 / 9.3%

Depart 3321 / 27.6%

Depart 2082 / 17.3%

Depart 1055 / 8.8%

Depart 113 / 0.9%



17

Table 3.24. Summary of All the Runway Usage, January – March 2015.

Runway Arrival / Depart January February March Total

Flights Percent Flights Percent Flights Percent Flights Percentage

5 Arrivals 626 16% 630 16% 521 12% 1777 14.8%

5 Departures 721 19% 784 20% 577 13% 2082 17.3%

16 Arrivals 10 0% 7 0% 25 1% 42 0.3%

16 Departures 20 1% 33 1% 60 2% 113 0.9%

23 Arrivals 858 23% 708 18% 963 22% 2529 21.0%

23 Departures 1015 27% 1008 26% 1298 30% 3321 27.6%

34 Arrivals 282 7% 374 9% 463 11% 1119 9.3%

34 Departures 266 7% 401 10% 388 9% 1055 8.8%

Total 3798 100% 3945 100% 4295 100% 12038 100.0%



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Section 4 Quality Control Activities

Quality controls (QC) are implemented in this program to insure high quality of all collected data as per the Quality Assurance Program Plan. QC activities included monthly sampler calibrations and weekly site checks. The QC checks performed during this period are described in the following sections.

4.1 Sampler Calibrations

4.1.1 PM2.5 and PUF Samplers

The Partisol and PUF samplers were calibrated on a monthly basis. The dates of calibrations during 4th quarter 2014 are in Table 4.1.

Table 4.1. Partisol and PUF Calibrations,1st Quarter 2015.

Station Partisol and PUF Monthly Calibrations

Date


RIAC Monitoring

Stations

X X X X January

X X X X February

X X X X March

4.1.2 Site Checks

Site checks were conducted during every site visit. Site visits typically occurred immediately after a sample run. Media were exchanged in the Partisol and PUF samplers, and performance checks were conducted on the operational, real-time samplers.

Table 4.2. Site Check Dates, 4th Quarter 2014.

Station Site Check Date

RIAC Monitoring Program

Weekly Site Checks

1/8/2015

1/13/2015

1/19/2015

1/25/2015

2/1/2015

2/7/2015

2/12/2015 2/18/2015

2/24/2015

3/3/2015

3/8/2015

3/15/2015

3/20/2015 3/27/2015

4/2/2015

Appendix Lab Report Sheets and Site Check Forms

data report for the t.f. green air monitoring program...data report for the t.f. green air...

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