data transfer through skin by human area networking marzook
TRANSCRIPT
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DATA TRANSFER THROUGH SKIN
By
N.Rajeev
06J11A0487
http://campus.mst.edu/itsc2009/ -
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Over view Introduction
Human Area Networking
Transceiver
Experimental Analysis
Human Safety
Application & Advantages Features & Limitations
Conclusion
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INTRODUCTION
Mobile & Internet networks are used for transmission over distant
terminals but not a right option for transmission between wearable
devices and other embedded systems.
Drawbacks in blue tooth & WAN in crowded places ,made to useINTRABODY COMMUNICATION ,in which the body is used as a
transmission medium.
The concept involves transmission of minute electric field through
body.
The technique is called ELECTRIC FIELD PHOTONICS , where alaser is used to detect the variation of the electric field and converted
back.
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HUMAN AREA NETWORKING
Electro-optic sensor combining Electro-optic crystal with
laser is used.
Key features of SENSOR:
measure electric field from device without contacting it.ultra wide band is possible.
one point contact measurement ,independent of earth.
Ea is electric field induced through body by transmitter
signal electrode, this require a ground close to electrode.
Ebcan have return path to transmitter ground.
Ec escape from body to ground through feet.
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HUMAN AREA NETWORKINGAt receiver ,Es=Ea-(Eb+Ec ),it couplesto Electric opticcrystal & change itsproperties . Thischange is detectedby laser &transformed into
data by detectorcircuit
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TRANSCEIVERS
o Transmitter induce weak electric field on body,&receiver sense change in field.
o Relies on principle that optical properties of crystal varyaccording to change in field & also detect change inproperties using LASER & convert result to electricsignal.
o TRANSMITTER:
consist of transmitter circuit does induce electric fieldinto body & used to distinguish between transmissionand receiving modes.
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TRANSCEIVERS
RECEIVER:
Has optic sensor &detector circuit.This
amplifies the signalfrom sensor andconvert back toelectric signal. Beforesending data the
circuit is checked forany transmission.
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EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS
Setting two sets or transceiver, each connected to PDA.As subject holding each electrode in hand .
The result transmission show no problems at 10 mbps.
Good communication is not only achieved by by
human skin but also by clothing & shoes.
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HUMAN SAFETY Electrodes are covered by insulating films , preventing
body from flow of current.
Electrons in body generate displacement currentbecause it is subjected to minute electric fields.
This current intensity is far below safety limit given byRadio frequency-exposure protection standard(RCR
STD-38)issued by Association of radio industries andbusiness(ARIB).
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TRANSCEIVERS SAFE SIGNAL FLOW
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APPLICATIONS
Elimination of human errors ( eg.selection of bottles).
In touch advertising and receive information.
Instant private data exchange.
Conference system.
In wearable systems(portable music player).
Security applications.
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Secure than other broadcasting systems.
In busy areas, there may be hundreds of blue tooth
devices running,this makes transmission a bit tougher .
As body as aerials data is passed with ease and security.
The transceiver can be treated a standard networkdevice. So software running through ethernet or TCP/IPprotocol based network can run unmodified.
ADVANTAGES
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FEATURES AND LIMITATIONS
Various service can be triggered with human network. Interactive ,Broad-band & Two way communication can
be formed unlike RFID,HAN.
Independent path, so data is secure,duplex ,interactive
Both conductor & dielectric is used as medium.
LIMITATIONS:
1.operating range(few mts only).
2.communication speed.this arise due to absence of ground line in the sensor
require both ground and signal lines.
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conclusion
They are easy to use but they are still under study.
The technology like Redtacton is under development.
Our human body has the hardware and software to beused over a large network and this interface is under
experimental stage.
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THANK YOU
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