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JOURNALINDIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICALEDUCATION, SPORTS MEDICINE

& EXERCISE SCIENCE

, LAKSHMIBAI NATIONAI, UNTVERSTTYOF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

GWALIOR

Contents

A ReldtJtl€ InJTuence of t .a lzg WrlostlreStrength and Speed on Long Jt rralt Pe"foflra4nceDeepak Kunlar SinghKrishnaBanerjee I I

A stu4g ol self-confldence os d. psltcrwloglcaldttlerentlal oflang sports ochlel/€'rs, raon qchlelersand

'I'ortr p(;;rflclp.Ints femq,le trlbql

Prof. A.KDuttaDr. T. Onina RedtgDr. vitiam SinghM. VijaA Blarati

A conpqrqt hte sfi.litg oJ q&xtet!level of naale .,sldrn 4;rcrr''rsPtof. S. Ituk|ErkeDr. vikram snghMr. Neerqj DabasKta h&)an

Cottrp.Irlson oJ erratlonal lntelllgenceafl@rrg t E plagers oI selected, t tdlrtidudl spo/tsDr, V, K. Sriuast4uantotc Rqi MeetlaPreetiShatia

Retatlor.sw of percono;llly tralltsthought control oJ athletesAhnet Dilson L'Id.D. RajplaY.S.Dr. Ghai G.D.

Ptevq.le/I,.,e oJ nutrltTonq'l suttplerrEnts ln ggrnsAruind I't!'Jik

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trIeqsltrerncnt of p h! stcd,l self. effr c c q,cglevel of (r.d',lts lntnltEd. ln programnedphgslcq,l exerclses ln rfil€'s stdte, ,alterl(I,DR. J. B. WPENEDR. V.C. EMERTBE 7

Comp.,]dson o! self co cept betuaen crlcketers oIspotts collcge and, loc(,'l qcademg ol fucknow!"f:.y K rybs:Dr. Vikrcm SinghMr. Yltvroj Singh

Conltqrst:lve s''..dg oj somdtotgpe qmongathletes oJ lndlaldua'l sportsDL Manordr LajMrs. Surish1tu1 DeuiMts Gurjit Kaur

Ef,f,ect oJ lout moder^te qnd, htgh tntE tsatgplgonctrlc tr4,ln;lng on ktcktag (rnaldrthbltng petJot nance oJ Jootbd.ll plqgercDr. S. LTANIKANDANDr. N. PREMKIIMARDr. M. RAJASIIEKARAN

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ACADEMIC CHAIR

MaJ Ger S. S. Pawar' (vsltlVice Chancellor, LNUPE, Gwalior

EDIIOR-IN.CITIEFProf. (DrJ L. N. Sarkar (Regtstrarl

LNUPE, Gwalior

EDII1OR

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A RELATIVE INFLUENCE OF THE LEGEXPLOSTYE STRENGTH AND SPPED ON LONG

JUMP PERS,ORMANCE

-..*,*^*";n:*ffir#::?;Krtuh'ta Baneijee

ReadeL PhAsicol Educ<ttion Departrrcrd,

.ABSTRACTIn order to deLermine the jnfluence ol leg explosjve strengLh andspeed on the longjump perfoimance , fifteen students ofclass eight& nine age 13 to 14 years were selected for the study. Speed ,Iegexplosive strength and long jump ability were the criterianmeasures. Speed was measured by 50yd. dash test, leg explosivestrengti by sunding btoad ju mp and lon g j ump abili iy was measuredby subject's long jump performance. To assess the relativeinfluence of two pedormance vadables in relation to mnning broadjump performance iank order correlations were computed fornecessary interpretation. From the result it lvas appeared thatthe coefficient ofcorrelation between 50yd dash and running broadjump was .57 and between leg ei'?losive strength and running brcadjump was.72 respectively.lt has been also reveald that both thepeformance vadables were positively related with .unning broadn!mn ^Frf^!-ln?n^a

Key wordsr leg explosive strength , speed , longjump , performance

INTRODUCTIONPerformance is the process of maneuvering certain action withminimal expenditure of energr. in the lield of pedormance spoteach athlete tdes to pedorm the best their best by using the meanand methods and scientific principles of sports trainingperfomance ill sports, aims at high level of sports performanceand for that the physical and psychic capacities of sportsman aledeveloped to extreme iimits, performance of an athlete dependsupon the physical including structural factors, physiological factors,psychological factors, as well as on the technique, practice andfitness status.Speed like strength and endu.ance is a conditional ability . It hasa complex natute as it depends to a considerable extent on thecentral nervous system. Speed abiliw depends upon the reactionability, moveirent speed, acceleration speed, locomotor ability andspeed endurance,

Recentiy the sports scientist have used a special form of exercisehaining dliil termed as plyomet cs or reactive jump or explosivejump training . essentially with the plyometdc exercise , over loadis applied to a skeletal muscles in a manner that mpidly placesthe muscles on stretch immediately prior to the concentric phaseor contraction .Like wise explosive strength is also a fitnesscomponent .It depends upon the cumulative effort of strength &speedso rar as ath'cfe is con.FrnFd.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY :The foliowing purpose were mentioned below -i) To obseffe the speed ability of the subjects.

ii) To obseffe the explosive strength of the subjects.

iii) To find out the relation betw€en speed and long jumppedormance.

iv) To find out the relation between leg explosive strcngth andI^no nlmn ha'f^rmrn.a

METIIODSFifteen (15) students of class viii of Ukhla Adarsh Vidyalaya areselected as the subjects for the study. The age of the studentswerc 13 to 14 years and all the students were physically active.Only the boys students were ta.ken for the study. For the presentstudy, speed, leg explosive strength and long jump pedormancewerc the cdterion measures. Speed was measurcd by 50 yd dashtest, leg explosive strength was measured by standing broadjumptest and longjump was measured by subjects longjump perlormarce.For longjump and standing brcad jump three trials were given toeach subjects and the best of the three tdals to the nearestcentimeter was tak€n as performance ability. All the test wereconducted on the respective school ground with the help ofsrandardjzed equjpment by the investigator himself.

R.ESUL?S AND DISCUSSIONThe data which were collected on the basis ofstandard procedureshave been presented in the tabular form .The mean values ofdependent performance variables and the originai perform havebeen represented in table no. 1

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TABLE NO. 1

Mean, standard deviation and'range of different performancevariables including main peifomance.

PerflrDance attdv&rlablea

Mn

SD

Runrdrg broail

3.90

o.29

Range 3.40-4.25

It is revealed ftom table no. 1 that the mean values { tSD) of 50 yddash, standiflg broad jump, running broad jump werc 7.04 (+ 0. 18 ),2.04 (10.23), 3.90 (t0.29) arld the ra-nge va.riation were 7.20 - 7.90;!.60 - 2.44;3.40-4.25.To assesd the rclative influence of do performance variables inrelation to running broadjump pedormance rank order correlationwere computed for necessary interpretation of the result and it ispresented in table no.2

TABLE NO. 2Coefficiedt of correlation of performance variables withperformance.

Standing broad jump and

Running broad jump50 yd dash and

Running broadjump

0.57 o.72

From the table no.2 it have been appeard that the co_efficient ofcofielation value of 50 yd dash and standing broad jump in relationto running broadjump were 0.57 and 0.72 respectively. It has beenalso revealed that both the perfonrance variables were positivelyrelated with broad jump performance.

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REFERENCES :

a Alexander, R.MCN. (1990) optimum take off techrriques forhigh arrd long jump.-Phil6sophical Transaction of tlre RoyalSociety of London series B, 329, 3-10

. Hay, J.C. (1993) citius, altius, Iongius (faster, higher, longer)the biomechanics of jumping for distance. Journal ofBiomechanics. 26 (supple, 1), 7 - 21,

a Hay, J.G, Miller, J.A. arld Canterra. R.W, (1986). Thetechniques of elite male long jumpers. Journal ofBiomechanics, 19, 853- 866.

i I.""q, A, GrahaE Smith, P., Flower, N. (1994 ):.Abiomechanical €nalysis of tie trast stride, touch down, andtal<e off characteristics of the men's long jump, Journal ofApplied Biomechanics, 10, 61 - 78,

a Acta Physio Scand : (1985 ),

a sing, Hai:dayal Science of Sports Training; D.V.C,Dublication New Delhi. 1991.

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A STUDY OF SELF-CONFIDENCE AS APSYCHOLOGICAL DIFFERENTIAI AMONG

SPORTS ACHIEVERS. NON ACHIEVERS ANDNON PARTICIPANTS FEMALE TRIBAL

Prof. A,K.DuttaLNUPE, Gualior

Dr. T. Odma ReddyAssistant rto&ssor,

De?annent of Phusical Education,Facult! of A'"6, BHU, Vararc-si

Dr, Vikrsm Slnghtlt7u. varatu)sl

Mr. Vljay BhantiResearch Scholn. BHU V'arunasi

Banarcs Hiftdu UniuersitA' Varonasi

ABSTRACTBackground : The purpose of the study was to find the self-confidence as a psychological differential among sports achievers,non achievers, and non-participants female tdbal'sMethod : For the purpose of the study, 450 female tribal's {150sports achieverc, 15O non achievers & 150 non participants) wererandomly selected as the subjects for the study. The variableselected for the purpose of this study was: Self-Confidence Seif-confidence lvas assessed by the total scores in Agnihofti's SelfConfidence Inventory (ASCI) developed by Dr. Rekha Agnihotry.With the help of the questionnaire related to seif-confidence as apsychological variable necessary data were collected. Data w€recoll€cted with rega.rd to seli-conlidence va.iable fiom 450 femaletribal's in two consecutive days at their respective institutlonsThe data was analyzed by applying Descriptive Statistic i.e. Mean,Standard Deviation, Standard E or and Range & Analysis ofVariance (ANOyA). The level of significance was set at 0.05.

Results : From the findings of the study in relation to s€lf-confidence, the result showed low level of self-confidence in nonpaitrcipants in comparison to non achievers Self-confidence insports achieve6 was highest.

Conclusions : On the basis ofthe findings ofthe study, the foilowingconclusions are drawn: Spods achieve$ are highly self contidentas compared to non achievers and non participants. Non achievers

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are average on selfconfidence and non participants are low on seifconfidence.

Keywords: Self-Confidence, Sports Achieve6, Non Achievers, NonParricipants. and Tribdl s.

INTRODUCTION:The personality pattern is a unilied multidimensional structurein which the concept of self is the core or centre ot gravity(Breckenridge &Vincent, 1965). Into this structure are integratedmany patterns of response tendencies, known as traits' whichare closely related to and influenced by the concept of self. Self-Confidence is one such personality trait. The self is a composite ofa person's thought and feelings, strivings a]1d hopes, fears andfantasies, his view ofwhat he is, what he has be€n, what he mightbecome, and his attitudes pedaining to hisworth. Self-Confidenceis a positive attitude of oneself towards one's self- concept. It is anattribute of perceived seli Self-Confidence refers to a persontperceived ability to tackie situations successfully without leaningon others and to have and to have a positive self -evaluation. Inthe words of Basavanna (1975), "In general terms, self confidencerefers to an individual's perceived ability to act effectively in asituation to overcome obstacles and to get things go all right." Aself-confident percon perceives himself to be socially competent,emotionally mature, intellectually adequate, successfui, satisfied,decisive, optimistic, independent, self-assured, forward-moving, andfairly assetive and having leadership quaiities.The purpose oi the study was to find the "self confidence as apsychological differential among sports achievers, non achievers,and non -participani s female lribdl s'.It was hypothesized that there migbt not have been significantdiffer€nce in self-confidence as a psychological vanabie of sportsachievers, non achievers, and non-participants female tribal's.

METHOD :

SampleFor the purpose of the study, 450 femaie tribal's (150 sportsachievers, 150 non achievers & 150 non participants) wererandomiy selected as the subjects for the study.

The variable selected for the puryose of this study was: Sel{-Confidence. Self-confidence was assessed by ihe total scores in.Agnihotri's Self Confidence Inventory {ASCI) developed by Dr.Rekha Agnihotry.

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Proceclure

With the help of the questionnaire related to self-c;nfidence as apsychological variable necessary data were collected. Data werecollected with regard to self-conlldence variable from 450 femaletribal's in two consecutive days at their rcspectiv€ institutions.Techaiqu€sThe data was analyzed by applying Descriptive Statistic i.e. Mean,Standard Deviation, Standard Error and Range & Analysis ofVadance (ANOVA). The level of signilicance was set at 0.05.

RTSULTS :

The findings pertaining to descriptive statistics for the self-confidence variable among 450 sports achievers, non achievers,and non-participants female tdbal's have been presented in tableNo.l.

Table - 1

Descrlptlve Statiatlcs of S€lf-Cotfia(edce Variable among SportsAchieveF, Non Achlevers anal Noa Participarts Ferrrale Tlibal,s

Grou0ssrd. std.

Erroi

Rangc

Self-Confidenc€ Sportst6.7467 4.84828 .39586 8.00 211.00

25.)400 4.74119 .387t2 19.00 3i-00

Non29.4867 6.25277 .51054 20.00 4i.00

23.8244 7.54666 .t5387 8.00 41.00

It is evident ftom table - 1 the mean and standard deviation scoresof sports achievers, non achieveG and non participants, femaletdbal's in seu-confidence are 76.75,25.24 & 29.49 arld 4.A5, 4.74& 6.25 respectively.

The {indings pertaining to one way analysis of variance (ANOVA}for the self-confidence variable between 450 sports achievers, nonachieversr and non-participants female t.ibal's alongwith the leastsignificant difference (L.S.D.) test for post-hoc test have beenpresented in table No. 2 to 3.

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Source ofVariance DF ss MSS F.RATIO

Between GroupsWithin crouns

2

447

12623.92

12677.20

6311.96

24.36

222.56*

Table - 2Analysis of Variance of Self-CoDfi alence among Sports Achievers,

Non Achi€vers a'xd Nou Participants Fernale Tribal's

*Significant at 0.05 level of confidence

F O.Os (2,447) = 3.01Table-2 reveals that the.e is significant difference among sportsachieverc, non achieversr and non participants female tdbal's inrelation to self confidence as obtained l.' ratio of 222.56 is higherthan the tabulated value 3.01 requfed for significance at 0.05ievel with (2,447) degree of fteedom.

As the F-mtio was found significant in the case of self-conlidence,the least significant difference (L.S.D.) test ofpost-hoc was apptedto test the significant difference between paired means. Fudherthe L.S.D. analysis for paired means on self-conlidence has alsobeen presented.

Tabl€ - 3

Least Significaut Difference Post-hoc Test for the Means ofSports Achievels, Non Achievers, a,lal Non Participants Female

Tribal's ir Relatioa to Self-Confidence '

Means

MD CDSports

AchieversNon

AchieversNon

Participants

16.74 25.24 8.49*

1.20*16.'74 29.48 12.14*

25.24 29.48 4.24*

' Signilicanl al 0.05 level of.onfidenceIt is evident from table-3 that means difference of sports achievers& non achievers (8.49); sports achievers & non participants {12.74)and non achievers & non participants {4.24) was found signilicantin relation to self-confidence since mean difference was foundsreate. than critical difference of 1.20 at 0.05 level.

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The sequence of performance among sports achievers, nonachievers, and non participants female tribal's was nonparticipant's> non achievers > sports achieverc.The graphical representation of post test means of seif-confidenceof sports achievers, non achievers, and non participant's femaietribal's has been presented in figure No.l

Figure :1- Comparisou ofMean Scores of sports Achievers, NoaAchievers and No,l Participark in Self Confidence

DISCUSSION :

From the findings of the study in relation to self-conlidence, theresult showed low level of self-confidence in non participants incompa son to non achievers. Self-confidence in sports achieverswas highest. Self-confidence rcfers to a person's perceived abilityto tackle situations successfuily without leaning on others and tohave a positive self -evaluation. Basavarina (19751, "In generalterms, self confidence refers to a]l individual's perceived ability toact effectively in a situation to overcome obstacles and to get thingsgo a1ldght." A self confident person perceives himself to be sociallycompetent, emotionally mature, intellectually adequate,successful, satisfied, decisive, optimistic, independent, self-assured, forward-moving, and fairly asseftive and having leadershipoualities.

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DISCUSSION OF EYPOTHESIS :

The hypothesis earlier set that ttiere midht have not beensignificant difference in self-confidence.as a psychological variableof sports achievers, non achievers, and non-participants femaletribal's is rejected.

CONCLUSIONS:on the basis of the findings ofthe study, the following conclusionsare drawn:Sports achievers are highly self confident as compared to nonachie\ers and non Participanls.Non achjevers aJe average on sell . onfidence ajrld non participantsare iow on sell.onfidence.

REFERDNCES

a Agnihotry Rekha, "Manual for Agnihotrl's Self ConfidenceInv€ntory (ASCI)" Psychological Corporation, Agra, 1987.

a Aidermen R. B., "Psychologlcal Behavlor in Sports" W B.saundets company London, L974.

a Gill Diane L., "Psychological Dynamics of sport"Champaign: Human Kinetics Publisherc Inc , 1948.

a Feldman Robert S., "Developmeat across the Life SPa!"Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New'Jercey, 1999

a Frost Reuben B, "Psychological ColcePts APplied toPhysical Educatiol and Coaching" Massachusetts: AddisonWesley, 1971.

I Morris Tony and Summers Jeff, "SPorts Psychology:Theory, Applicattorrs snd Is6ues" John Wiley & Sons

Australia. Ltd.,2005,t Roberts Glyn C. and Kevin S., 'Leartxiag ExPerietrces in

sports Psychology" Human Kinetic, Inc Champaign,lllinois, 1986.

a Silva John M. and weinbuerg Robert S, "PsychologicalFoundations of Sports" United States ofAmedca: HumanKinetics Publishers Inc , 1984

1 Singh M.K., "Indian women and Sports" Jaipur: Rawat

Pubiications, 1990.

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Kjormo o, and Halvari H., *Two Ways Related to Performancein Elite Spo*s the Path of Self-ConJidence and CompetitiveAnxiety and the Path of Group Cohesion and croup GoalCladtla Pub Med.Indexed for Medline, Vol. 94, No. 3 June2002.Melaliev S.D. and Hantons Neil R., "SeIf Coilidence as aMediator of the Relationship between Competitive AnxietyIntensi8 artd Interpretation' Research on t rctclse Sports,Vol. 77, No. 2 June 2006.

Vea.Iey Robin S. and Campbell Julic L., "Achievement goalsof adolescent figure skalersi lmpact on Self-confideilceAnxiety and Performance' Jouraal of AdolescentsR$earch, Vol. 3, No. 2, 1988.

Voight Mike R, and Callaghan, "Reliationship between coalOrientation, Self 'Conlidence and Multidimentional Traitsand Anxiety among Maximum Female Youth Athletes'Udiversity ofAlaleama, U.S. Jouflral Artlcle,VoI.23 2t 2O0O,

Reddy M.P. et aI., "The Analysis of Self Confldence andAchievement Motivation of National VoUeybau Players'Modern Tfends in Sports Psychologr in India Proceeallagof the Xl NatloDal Conference of Sporta Paychology. 6-8March 1988, Rathlaashrl Tecbno Prlnts, Hyderebed-44,

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A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ANXIETY LEVELOF MALE ASIAN ARCHERS

Prof. S. MukhedeeProfessor,

LNUPE, Gualior

Dr. Vikram StaghAsstslant ,ryoJ€ssot

Dept. of Phtsical EducationB.H.U. Vcranasi

Mr. Neeraj Daba8P.E.T.Delhi

Xiran Duklan

'*ilABS?RACTThe purpose of this study was to compare the anxiety level of themale Asian Archers. The present investigation was conducted ontotal of 40 archers ofAsian ievel repr€sent their countries during14'h Asian archery championship. Anxiety was assessed by theSports Competition ADxiety Test (SCAT) prepared by Marten. Thedata was analyzed by applying Descriptive Statistic i.e. Mean,Standard Deviation, and t'test in order to compare the psychologlcalvariables. The ievel of signilicance was set at 0.05. The findings ofthe present study strcngly indicate that there werc significantdifferences in anxiety (psychologicai variable) of male AsianArchers. Ilence, the hypothesis earlier set that there might havenot been significant differences in the an-xiety ievel of male AsianArchers is rejected. Significant difference was found inpsychological va ables i.e. Anxiety between Far East Asian andMiddle East Asian male Archers. Optimr'.m level of anxiety wasfound in Far East Asian Archers in comparison to Middle East AsianArchers who have high level of anxiety. Middle East Asian Archerchave high level of anxiety in comparison to Far East Asian Archers.

xey words : Airj.iety, Archery.

INTRODUCTIONMarten et al. (1975) indicated the theory of competitive stress is topredict levels of state aniety among different people in variouscompetitive settings. The theory is based on an individual'sperception oftbreat {those psychological and physical dangers whichmay be present). The degrce of threat in a competitive setting is

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theorized to be a function of the uncertainty of the outcome andthe importance of the outcome. Uncertamty is determined by theprobability of success; and Unc€rtainty decreases as the probabilityof success deviated from an intermediate range The probability ofsuccess is determined on the basis of content and the availabilityof information, as perceived by the competitors, about thediscrepancy between the standard in the comparison process andthe competitors, abilif,y and the actual performance outcome.

Archery is a sport defined by the use of bows to shoot arrows at atarget. Enerry is stored in the bow by drawing it back, which isthen released by transferring the enerry to the arrow The person

who uses the bow to shoot the aJrow is called an aJcher, andsomeone who is an expert or keen at archery is sometimes refeffedlo as a roxophilile.

The objective of the study was to compare the anxiety level of themale Asian Al_chers. It was hypothesized that therc might have

not been significant differences in the an-xiety level of male AsianArchers,

PROCDDURE AND METHODOLOGY

The present investigation was conducted on total of 40 archers ofAsian levei represent thefu countries during 14'h Asian archerychampionship. The age of the subjects mnged between 17 to 32

years. Most of the archerc were working in some public or corporate

organization and werc educated

Keepins lhe feasibility criterion in mind. the researcher had been

s.te.teJ ttre following \ariables lor lhe presFnl study: An-xiety

Anxiety was assessed by the Sports Competition Anxiety Test

{SCAT) prepared bY Maden.

With the belp of the questionna es related to psychological variable

i. e. anxiety necessary data were collected. Data were collected

with regard to psychological variable from 40 male Asian Archers'

ln ordeito assess state competitive anxiety the test was conducted

on 40 male Asian Archers who have participated in 14 Asian

Archery championship held at Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium New

The data was analyzed by applying Descdptive Statistic i e Mean'

Standard Deviation, and "T'test in order to compare lneDsvcholoqical variable i e arLYieiy of40 male Asian Archers The

i.vel of sisnificance was set at 0.05.

Q3)

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS OF TIIE FINDINGSThe findings pertaining to descriptive sratistics for the psycholoqicalvarjable {Anxiety) from 40 male Asian Archers have be;n prese;tedin rable No.2-

Table - 2Descriptlve Statlstlcs of Psychologtcal Varhbfe (Alxtety) of

Group SD

Far Eaat AslanMiddle East Aslan

1.44

2

It is eyident from table - 2 the means and standard deviationsscores of male Asian Archers in AILxieg. are 17.8, 20.15 arld 1.4g.2.23 respectively.

The findings pertaining to 't" test for the psychological rariable(Anxiery) of 40 male Asian Archers have been presented in tableNo.3.

Table - 3lllean Differences ln Anxiety Level betwoen Far Eart Aslon

and Mtddle East Aslan Male Archerg

Group Mean SD t-ratIoFar EEst AslanMiddle East Asian

.17.8

20.15

1.48

2.238.O7*

*Significant at O.O5 level of conlidence

Q4)

t O.O5 = 3.O1

Table-3 reveals that there is significant difference between fateast Asian and middle east Asian male Archers in relation toanxietJr (psychological variable) as obtainedft' ratio of 18.07 whichis higher than the tabulated value of 3.01 required for significanceat O.O5 level.

The graphical representation of mean differcnces in aixietv levelbetween Far Easr Asian and Middle East Asian male arche;s hasbeen presented in figure No.1.

Flgrire: 1- Co|epadso! of llea! Scores of Fa? East Asian anclMlddle East Aslen tnale archeis ln Aaxlety (psychologtcelvariable)The Scholar examined the psychological (Anxiety) differentialsbetween Far East Asian and Middle East Asian ftale Archers. Theresults of the study in geleral revealed that there was significafltdifference in psychological variables i.e. Anxiety between Far EastAsian and Middle East Asian male Archers.From the findings ofthe study in relation to anxiety (psychologicatvariable), the result showed optimum level of anxiety in far eastAsian Archers in comparison to middle east Asian Arch€rs whohave high level of anxiety. This may be attributed to the fact thatall the subjects were representi[g their country in a continentcompetition naming Asisn Archery Championship at such a highlevel and competition where the archers with high performer,hence, anxiety of the fai east Asian archers may be optimum incompaiison to ruddle east Asian aichers who have high aixiety

because ofvigorous physical, technique, tactical and psychologicaltraining which have made far east Asian a.chers prepared to takeup the pressure of the high competition.Moreover, mental stability and concentration that cannot beachieved unless Anxiety is keep at its optimum.Middle East Asian archers have high anxiety as high and lowanxiety aifects the performance on the contrarJ/ through meditationit can be brought to optimum. In archery meditation is a part offaining in support to that respect rcsults also sholas that anxietybetween male archers at 14d Asian Archerv Champion has affectedthe performance,

Because of vast difference amongst the performers where Korcanswas undisputed champions not only Asians but they are worldleaders. on the other hand Iran, Kazalihstan those who have nostanding as performer. More to it Iran has participated flrst time.

DISCUSSION OF TIIE IITPOTIIESISThe findings of the present study strongly indicate that there weresignificant differences in aixiety (psychological variable) of maleAsian Archers. Hence, the hlpothesis ea-rlier set that there mighthave not been significant differences in the arL\iety Ievei of ma.leAsian Archers is rejected.

CONCLUSIONS

On the basis of the findings of the study, the following conclusions

1. Significant differcnce was found in psychological variablesi.e. Anxiety between Far East Asian and Middle East Asianmale Archers.

2. Optimum level ofan-..iety was found in Far East Asian Archersin comparison to Middle East Asian Archers who have highlevel of anxiety.

3. Middle East Asian Arch€rs have high level of anxiety incomparison to Far East Asian Archers.

Q6)

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REFERENCES

a Bell Keith F., 'Championshlp ThinLtrg - The Athlete'sGuide to Wlnuing Performers ln all Sports" London:Prentice HaI Inc.. 1983,

a Cox Richard. H., "Sports Psychology, Colcepts arrdAppltcattorl" M.C. GRAW Hi[ Company 1998.

a Kamlesh M. L., "Psychology in Physlcal Educatio! atrdSports" 3d Ed. 1998.

O Kulund Daniel N., "The ldjured Atblete'Second Edition,1998.

Lumpkn Angela, "Phystcal Dducatiorlr A ConteDporaryIntroductlon" Saint Louisr Times Mirrcr/Mosby Collegeftrblishing, 1986.

Martens R. D., "Sport Competitlon Anxiety Test"Champaign, LL. Human Kinetic Publishers, 1982.

Morris Tonny and Summers Jeff, "Sport6 Psychology,Theory arld Applicatlon and Issues" Johnlueley and Sons,Austmlia. Ltd.. Milton 1995.

Pestolesi Robert A. and Cindi Baker, "Introduction toPhystcal Educatior: A Coutemporary Cateets Approach"'2d ed.

Sandhu Gurubaksh. S and Mann N.S., "Sports ExceUence:A Psychologic{l Pursutt" Delhi Friends Pubiishers 2000.

Schachter S., "The Psychology of Affiltatlon" Stanford,Califomia: Stanford Universiiy Press p. 1959.

Sharma Lalit, "Atttibutiou ir Physical Education' DelhiSpo s Publications, 1998.

Silva John M. and Weinberg Robed S, "PsychologicalFoundatloDa of Sports" Champaign, illinois: HumanKinelics. Publishers. Inc. 1984.

Speilberger C. D., Gorsuch R. L. and Lushane R. E., "Manualfor the State-Tralt Anxlety Inveltory" California:Consulting Psychologists Press, 1970.

Synder Eldon E. , and Spretizer A. Elmer. "A Social aspect ofsports": 3d Edition New 12 Jercy; Prentice Hall, 1989.

Bowler and Ronald Garry, 'A Comparison of State AnxietyL€vel among Ages, Genders and Skill level at Practice andPre - competition in Age Group Swimme6" DlsaertatlonAbstract Itxtertational 49 : 10 1989.

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3

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Cobb Steve Robert, 'Interaction between self concept andarlxiety Tolerance for high School males dudng complexmotor skill performance, Dlssertatiotr AbstractIntemational 54, 1993.

Ewees Kkhairelder Ali Ahmed, "The Relationship betweenAthletic Team Psychological Social Environment and StateAniety" Dlsseitatiorl Abstract Intehatlonal 41:2 Ausustr980.

Finch Laura Marie, "The Relationship among Copingstrategies, ftait Anxiety and Performance in CoilesiateSoftball Pidyers" Disse*ation Abstract llternationai 54,1993.

Garden Richar Davis, "Effect of Hypnosis, RelaxationTraining or Music on State Anxiety and Stress in FemaleAthletics" Dissertatlon Abstrect Internatioral 42 : 2August 1981.

Griffith J. J., Stell D. H. and Voccaro p.. ,,Relationshiobetween the Anxiety and Performance in Scuba Divjne"Perceptual and Motor Skill48 June 1g7gt lOOg.

Hansen Kross Benet, oPrediction of Spod Competitive stateAnxiety among Caches And Atl etes" Dissertatlon AbstractInteraational 44 April I 980.Haryatich Yanaiynn, "The Effect oi a Trait and a StateAnxiety upon Athletic Performance, Dlssertatio! AbstractInternatioaal 47:1 1 May I9a7: 4916-A.Klavora D, rrEmotional Alrousel ill Athletes: NewConsideratiorls," Proceedings of the Canadian psycho -motor Leaming and Sports Psycholosr Sympoium October1975.

K.ane Vikki and Williams Jean, (Cognitive Anxietl SomaticAnxiety and Self Confidence in Track and Fieid Athletes:The impact of cender Competitive Level and TaskCharactFrisrics" International JourEal of SportsPsychology, Vol. 25 No. 2 April,June 1994.I{rane Victoria Lq/, "The Relationship between Anxiety andAthletic Pedormance: A Test of Multidimensional Arlxietyand Catastrophe Theories' Dissertetlon AbstrectsIrlteraatlonal,52: 5 November. 1991i 1682-A.

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Kumaii Om and Kamlesh M.L., .A Shraly ofstate a'xd TraltAlxiety Levek of Medal - manlng Juulor Track andFielal Atl etea arrd Boxers,' Paper presented at 56 nationalConference on Sports Psycholog/. Varanasi 23d to 25'hFebruary 1990.

Lacey Anne, 'Competitive Trait Affiiety Levels and l,ocusof Control among Female Athletes in IntercollegiateIndividual aid Team Sports' Completed Research in Healthanal Physical Educatlod, and Recreation aI1al Dance, 241942,24.Maria Gourzi et al. "The Relationship between CompetitiveState Anxiety and Self-Taik du.ing Peformance iIISwimmers' Iuquires ln Sports and Physlcal Educatlon,Vo1. 5: 2007.

McAuley Edward, "Efficacy Attdbutional and AffectiveResponses to Exercise Participations' Jourlal of Sportsaftl Exerciae Psychology 13:4 December 1991.Milne Duane Conrad, "Relationship between Anxiety andMotor Performance in Young Children" DlssertatlorlAbatract InteflMtional3l May 1941.

Ntoumanis Nikos and Craham Jones, "Interpretation ofCompetitive Trait Anxiety Symptoms as a Function of Locusof Conboi' I|lteraational Joumal of Sport Psychology, Vol.29 1998.

Singh Agra Jit, "Competitive Trait anxiety of the top LevelIndian Athletes €nd Hockey Players" NIS Scletrti$ic Journal1:11988.

Speed Good and Ann Gail. _Effect of Comprehensive SelfRegulation Training On State ArL'.iety and Performance ofFemale Gymnast" Dlsae*atiou Abstract Interaatlonal44:i0Ap l1984.Spiker David Desales, uAssessment and Treatment ofCompetitive State Anxiety among Colligate BaseballPlayers" Dfusettatlo! Abatract Ilterlational 43:12 June1983.

Swain A. and Jones G. , "Relationship between AchievementOdentation and Competitive ArL\ietJ." Sport PsychologlstU.S.A. VoI. 6:1 Ma:rch, 1992.

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a Voight Mike R. and Callaghan, "Relationship between coal. Orientation, Self Confidence and Multidimensional Tlaitsand Anxiety among Maiimum Female Youth Athletes,University ol Alaleama, U.S. Joural Artlcle, Vol. 23, 2i2000.

All €round kent uck fiI@btin ternet. comA'nedcaaa Encyclopedla. ed, S.V. aAnxtety, 1996.http: / / en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/ alxiety

simon@marigo. student.utwhente. nl.www.FiLa.com.

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COMPARISON OF EMOTIONAL II{TELLIGENCEAMONG THE PLAYERS OF SELECTED

INDTYIDUAL SPORTS

Dr. V. N. SrlvaetavaTtlak, R4 Mee@

Pr€etl Sharma

ABSTRACTThe purFose of the study was to compare emotional intelligen;eamong the playem of selected individual sports (Badminton, Tennisand Table tennis) in relation to their emotional intelligence. 150male students were selected as the subjects lor the study.

Emotional intelligence is an indispensable activator and enhancerof IQ. Utilze IQ, EQ carr be developed and natured in adulthood a.ndcan prove beneficial to one's health, relationship and performance.The term emotional intelligence encompasses the foliowing frvecharacteristics a.IId abilities are discussed by Goleman (1995), {a)Selfawareness [b) Mood managem€nt (c) Self-motivation(d) Empathy(e) Managing reiationships. The study compares the emotionalamong the players of selected individual sports (Badminton, Tennisand Table tennis) arld how the tendency to express forgiveness,purpose, and religiosity in a free-response essay relates toemotiohal intelligence and self-concept. The statistical analysisof data collected of 150 subjects is presented. The data v/ereanalyzed by applying one way analysis of variance to find out thesignificant difference if any between the mean oi scores of selectgdindividual sports (Badminton, Tennis arld Table tennis) on the basisof emotional intelligence test. when the difference was found tobe significant in LSD Post Hoc Test was completed to find out thesignificant difference between the group means. The F'ratiosobtained were tasked for significance was .05. The statisticalana.lysis of result revealed that there was insignificant differencefound in case of Self awareness and Self motrvation. There wassignificant difference found in case of empathy to emotionalintelligence.Key words : Intelligence, Emotion, Emotional Intelligence

INTRODUCTIONAlthough a person's feeling cannot be obseryed directly by othersbut they can be inferred ftom his overt behavior and verbal repodofhis introspection, as no one can doubt the reality of emotlons as

conscious experience. To prcduce an emotion, a stlmulus situation(31)

mu-st be refated to post experience and seen as having implicationsin futlre. In an organization when aI1 employee feels th;presenceof a threatening situation, he may handle it in two ways. He maybe codident ofhis abiiity to handle the situation and may see it asa chailenging opportunity to prove himself on experience fear on.dread. Thus our appraisal of situation and sub;equent emotionare strongly influenced by our own estimate of capabilities. Theemolion arcused depends not so must on the evenas themselves,as on how they are appraised,Erno,ion€l inleiligence is a type of social inlelligence that involvesr.le do rry to monitor one,s o'"\ n and others. emotions, lodiscdminate among them, and to use the iflformation to guideone's thinking and actions.It is unrealistic to set asid€ our emotions and feelings in workplace- Organizational life requires that work together si-de by sidefor eight to twelve hours a day. We spend make time withoutcoworkers thal we do our friends, spouse or children. Feelings andoprnronslust do not go away because we make in to workplace. Ativork, we can put on work clothes, but we cannot take off ouremotions, so what happens to our emotions at work? They gounderground and became a powerful inyisible force.Emotionai intelligence is an individual ability to adapt, acquireknowledge, solve problem under the stress and duress ;. emotionalinfluences and challenging situation. It reflects an individualability to act purposefuUy, think rationally and to deals effectivelyto adapt with its environment under demanding situation whic;induces arousal of emotions.Emotional intelligence (EI) refers to the ability to perceive, control,and evaluate emotions, Some researchers suggest that emotionalinlelligence can be leamed and strenglhened, while orher claimrl ls an inborn characteristic.." El_has its roots in the concept of',social intelligence,' firstidertified by E.L. Thorndike in 1920. psychologistJ have beenuncovering_ other iotelligences for some time now, and g.oupingthem mainly into three clusters: absbact intelligence ltfre atifit!to understand and manipulate with verbal and mathemati;sJmbols). concrete inrelligence {lhe ability to undersrand andmanipulate wirh objects), and social inrelligence (the abiLjty rounderstand and relate to people) {Ruiset, 1992). Thomdike (f92O:228), defined social intelligence as "the ability to understand andmanage men and u omen, boys and girls _ to acl wiselj in h umanrelalrons._ And {1983) includes inter. and intrapersonalinteiligences in his theory of multiple intelligences {see Gardner

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for an intercsting intereiew with the Haryard University professor).These two intelligences comprise social intelligence. Ae definesth€m as follows:

Interpersonal intelligence is the abiiity to understand other.people:whal motivates rhem. how they work, ho$ ro work cooperativ"lvwith them. Successful salespeople. politicians, teacher;,clinicians, and rcligious leaders are ail likely to be individualswith high degrees of inrerpersonal intelligence. lnlrapersonalintelligence ... is a correlative ability, turned inward. It is a capacityto form an accurate, veridical model of one self and to be able touse that model to operate effectively in iife.Emotional intelligence, on the other hand, "is a type of socialintelligence that involves the ability to monitor one's own andothers' emotions, to discdminate among them, and to use theinformation to guide one's thinking and actions,' (Mayer & Salovey,1993:433).

METIIODOLOGYThis study was conducted 150 male players who are representedin school and uoiversity 1evel50 players for each individual spots{Badminton, Tennis and Table tennis). This study compareemotional intelligence level of players belonging to three selectedindividual sports namely Badminton, Tennis and Table tennis. Thestatistical technique employed to measure emotional inteiliqenceamong Lhe players of different individual games was Analliis ofVariance at O.05 level of signilicance. This study used the emotionalintelligence scale (EIS) prepared by Anukooi Hyde, Sonjyot petheand Upinder Dhar.

RESULTSThe finding pert4ining to selected individual sports {Badminton,Tennis, and Table tennis) players on the basis of emotionalintelligence test are given on table 1 to 4.

Tabte - 1

Anelysis of Varla'tce of the Means of Players of SelectedIndivldual Sports i|t Relatlon to Self- Awateless (A)

Source of Varlable Sum ofSquares

df MeanSquare

F-ratio

Between Groups

Within Groups

18.120

1218.840

2

147

9.060

4.291

1.093

F 0.05(2,147) 3.06

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From Table 1 it is evident that F-value 1.093 which is insigniticantat 0.05 Ievel with degree freedom (2,147) calculated value is lessthan tabulated value 3.06. It's indicated that there is insignificantdifference in the mean score of Self awareness among the selectedindividual sports.

Table - 2Analysis of varlauce of the Means of Playels of selectedIrdividual Sports in Relation to EmPathy lB)

source of vadable Sum ofSquares

df MeanSquare

F-ratlo

Betw€en Gi:oups

Within Groups

65.613

1062.680

2

147

32.407

7.229

4.538.

.Signi{icant, F 0.05(2,147) 3.06

From Table 2 it is evident that F value 4.538 which is significantat 0.05 level with degree freedom (2,147) calculated value is greaterthan tabulated value 3.06. Itt indicated that there is significantdifference in the mean score of Empathy among the selectedindividual sports. Thus the hypothesis that there is significantdifference among various selected individual spods in relation toEmpathy is accepted.

To find out significant in paired means LSD Post hoc test wasapplied. The table 2 indicates the mean difference on Empathy-among the selected individual sports.

The craphical RepreEentatlou ofMean Value of Empathy isPiesented in GmDh -1

19

14.5

1B

t7

16.5

16

IIIBAO

uit TtN N15

E]T.T.

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Table- 3Paired Mealr Dlffererce of Ernotioaal InteUigeace lEmpathy)

Amorrg the Ptrayers of S€lected Irdividual Sports.

*significant, CD.05 = 1.05

From Table 3 it is evident that there was mean difference inBadminton, Tennis and Table Tennis. To be significant at 0.5 levelthat CD value require is 1.05. Whereas the calculated vaiue a]]e1.28* and 1.5. Frcm this table are shows that Table tennis olaversEmpathy is higher than Badminlon and Tennis ptayers.

Table -4Aralysls ofVariance ofthe Meaas of Players of Selecteil

Iadlvidual Spo*s h Relation to Self Motivatioa tC)

Source ofVariable

Sum ofSqusres

Df Mear Square F-ratlo

Between GroupsWithin Grouos

76.960

I944.300

2

t4738.480

13.227

2.909

F 0.05(2,147) 3.06From Table 4 it is evident that F-value 2.909 which is insienificantaL O.O5 levei wilh degree freedom (2.14?J calculated valu; is lessthan tabulated value 3.06. Ith indicated that there is insienificantdifference in lhe mean score ol sell morivarion amone rhe:elecredindividual sports.

DISCUSSIONTable- 1 revealed that there was no significant difference amongthe players of selected individual spo{s in self awareness as theobtained F value (1.093) was less than the tabie value (3.06) at .05level of confidence .wit}l 2,147 df. The reason of not having thesignificant result in self awareness among the selected groupsmay be attributed to the fact that probably there is no muchdifference in self awareness among the selected groups of individual

Badmintotr Tenals Mean Differelce18.46

14.46

fi.ta

17.la18.68

18.68

l.2a*o.22

1.5*

€t

sports. The provably all must be having same self awaieness.

Table 2 revealed that there was a signilicance difference in theempathy of selected players of individual spods as the obtained Fvalue (4,538) was greater the table value 3.06 at .05 level ofconlldence 2 df. The reason could be attributed ttre fact that inempty the person feels superior and gets adjust to others and feelscomfortable because of superiority complex. This may defer fromgame to game because of tendency of requirement of the games.In some games the person feels supedor because of tendency ofthe game and gets adjusted with other in the group, there is insome others sports the person feel infedor and try to get adjustedwith others in the group.

Table 4 result that there was no signilicant difference among theplayers of selected individual sports in self motivation as theobtained F value (2.909) was less than the table value (3.06) at .05levei of confidence witt) 2,f47 df. The rcason of not having thesignificant rcsult in self motivation among the selected groupsmay be attributed to the fact that the level of self motivation maybe same among the selected playefs.

CONCLUSIONSThere was significant difference in the empathy of selectedindividual sports and there was no significant difference in theSelf awareness and selJ motivation of selected individual spo*s.

REFERENCESa D. weschsler, "The Measureme t of Adult Ifttetllgencd

(New Yorkr Wiiliam and William Co., 1943).

a G.D. Boaz, "General Psycholo$/, 0ndia, Inompson & Co. Rrt.Ltd.. 1957).

a H.J. Eysench et al., "Encyclopedia of Psycholory", (Irndon:Seaich Press Limited, 19721.

Lyle E. Bowne, Jr. and Bruce R. Eastrand, Psycholog/ 3'Ed.(Hold, Rinehart and winston, 1979).

W. Strew, 'Psychology Method of Testing Intelligence"(Balltimorc: warwick and New Yo.k Inc., 1914).

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RELATIONSHIP OF PERSONALITY TRAITS WITHTHOUGHT CONTROL OF ATHLETES

Ahmed, Dtlsad Md.M. Phil Scholar, L NUPE'Gualior

Dr. Rqjputy.S.A s s istant p rofe s s o r, L N U PE

Dr. chai c,D.Prcfessal, LNUPE

ABSTRACTThe pdmary aim of the study was to determine the relationship ofpersonality traits with Thought contrcl ofathletes. In this study SOmale regular match practice ofvadous game viz. football, volleyball,track and lieid, basketball ofLNUPE those who were particiDatedin the intervarsily competitjon ucre selecled as subjected.. Forthe Seleciion of test items Eysenck,s personality InventoryQuestionnaire, which contain 57 questionnaire having twodimension extroversion and neuroticism and Thought controlquestionnaire of Adrian Wells and Mark.I.Davies, which contain30 questionnaire which having five sub factors viz. distraction,social control, worry, punishment, reappraisal and wereadministercd. In order to examine the hypothesis of the studydescriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation was used.Fudher Product moment comelation of coeflicient was aDDIied tomeasure the degree of relarionship in various sub facrors and rhelevel of significance was s€t at 0.05. The finding of the study revealthat only thought controi factor worry has shown significantrelationship with Extraversion because Cal. r value of .306 isgreater than the Tab . r val.re of O .279 at .O5 level of sienilicance.

INTRODUCTIONPERSONALITY TRAITS - Allport defined as "the dynamicorganization within the individual of that psychological system thatdetermines his or her unique adjustment to the environment.Personality assessment is the most important aspect of sportspsycholosr. Each individual is born with some biue print of basicttaits. The behavior of the individual lies in this blue pint. Thismay also irx the boundaries to the development of some traits.Certain perconality trajts can be learnt while participating in anyendeavor including sports, but acquition is dependent on highlycomplex intemction betw€en each individuals genetic endowmenthis previous and current environment and his own particulaabehavior pattems. Many physical education teachers ard coach

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get confused while seeing the individuals of some physical athleticperforming very differently in competitions then they think whethexany psychological factors are rcsponsible for that. Some of thefundamental characteristics of personality include: The termThought control (also known as brainwashing". "coercivepersuasion', "mind control", "thought reform", or 4systematicmanipulation of psychological and social influence') refers to apIg!-C-qS in which a group or individual systematically usesunethicallv manipulative methods to persuade others to conformto the wishes of tbe manipulator(s), often to the detdment of theperson being manipulated". Vaaious commentatorst"n'?l identifybroad rangesl"h 'I oi psl_c-b.Q]-Qg]I3] taclics seen as subvertingindividuals' sense of control over their o\rm thinking, behavior,emoLions, or decision makjng.

METIIODThc purposd of the study is an interpretation ot perconality tlaitsand thought control ofathletes belonging to va-rious sports viz. Tmckand field, basketball, footbali, volleyball from LNUPE. The study wasdFlrm'ted to the athletes of Lakshmibai national university ofphysical education.gwalior. The number of sample (n=so) wasselected from Track and freld, Football, basketball, Volleyball etc.The regular match practice male players plalng at LNUPE playground and who were played intervarsity level competition arrd theirage ranging ftom 18 to 25 years were the subjects: For the Selectionoftest items Eysenck,s Pe6onality inventory Questionnaire, whichcontain 57 questibns and Thought control questionnaire of AdrianWells and Mark.LDavies, which contain 30 questions wereadministered. The questionnaire was administered to the subjectby the investigator himself . The objective and purpose of the testwill be made clear to the subjects so that were aware ofwhat theyare expected to do. In order to examine the hypothesis of the studydescdptive statistics such as mean standard deviation was used,Further Product moment correlation of coefficient was applied tomeasure the degree of relationship in various sub factors and theIevel of significance was set at 0.05

RESULTThe obtained from the responses given in the questionnaire whichwere marked according to the key was analyzed by Pearson Productmoment Correlation of Coefficient,

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Table 1- showtrg the result ofthe athletes on.EYSEI/C'(PtsRSOJUl UTY I NVE TTToRY

Sl.No txtroversionExtroverslon

StabilltyIrstability

Itrterpretatlons

1 13 Ambivert 14 Ambivert

2 14 Ambivert 13 Ambivert Ambivert Ambivert

3 14 Ambivert 8 Normal Normal

13 Ambivert 14 Ambivert AmbiveIt

5 13 Ambivert 7 Normal Normal


7 13 Ambivert 14 Ambivert Ambivert

B 9 Ambivert 14 Ambivert Ambivert Ambived

9 6 Introven 9 Ambivert Introvert Ambivert

10 8 Ambivert 18 Extrovert Extrovert

tl 9 Ambivert 13 Ambivert Ambivert Ambivert

11 Ambivert 11 Ambivert Ambivert

14 Ambivert 12 Ambivert AmbiveIt

9 Ambivert 16 Ambived Ambivert

14 Ambivert 13 Ambivert Ambivert

16 10 Ambivert 11 Ambived

t7 12 Ambivert i4 Ambivert

1B 8 Ambivert 10 Ambivert



2l 13 Ambivert 8 No.mal Normal

22 8 Normal 12 Ambivert Normal Ambivert

23 13 Ambivert Ambivert

24 9 Ambivert 1 7 Extroversio Extrover:sion


S1. $o. Introvef,sionExtroverslon

StabtlityInstability

Interpretotlon

26 13 Ambivert 18 Extrovert Extrovert


2a 12 Ambivert 11 Ambived Ambivert


30 11 Ambived 14 Ambivert Ambivert Ambivert.31 14 Ambived 17 Extrovert Ambivert Extrovert .


10 Ambivert 10 Ambivert Ambivert Ambivert

34 11 Ambivert B Ambivert Ambivert AmbiveIt

14 Ambivert 14 Ambivert Ambivert Ambivert

36 8 Ambivert 10 Ambiveft Ambivert


38 12 Ambiverl 17 Extrovert Ambivert Extrovert



47 12 Ambivert 17 Extrovert Ambivert Extrovert

42 12 Arnbiverl 11 Ambivert Ambivert Ambivert


44 I4 Ambivert 14 Ambivert Ambivert Ambivert


Ambivert - 44 Alnbivert - 36

Normal - 1 Normal - 3lntuovert - 1 Extrovert - 6

RESULTThe data were analyzed by product moment correlation method.The analysis of data for the relationship between P€rsonality Tmitsand Thought Control of athletes of different level ofcompetitions ispresented in table A

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TableNo.

DlEe|lslons aadFrctora

Mean s.D 1I r value

ExtaversionDistraction

1t.2414.86

2.722.20

4550

.193

2 Extraversion 7\.2814,56

2.722.29

4550

.082

3 ExtroversionWorr1'

11.2414.46

2.722,30

4550

.306

4 ExtlovercionPunishment

\\.2412.46

2.722.77

4550

.o74

5 ExtroversionReappraisal

tt.2a15.08

2.722.80

4550

.068

6 NeuroticismDistraction

12.4212.42

2.432.72

4550

.o72

7 NeuroticismSocial Control

12.8214.56

2.432.29

4550

-.069

8 NeuroticismWortl

n.a213.46

2.432.30

4550

.107

9 NeuroticismPunishment

12.4212.46

2.432,77

4550

-.006

10 NeuroticismReappraisal

12.4215.08

2.432,40 50

-.088

Significant at .05 level of conlidenceCorrelation r value required to be significant at .05 with 48 degreeof freedom - 0.279.

The finding of the table 1 reveal that only thought control factorworry has sho1nn significant relationship witlr Extraversion becauseCal. r value of.306 is geater thajr the Tab. r value of0.279 at .05level of significance.

It is also shown by the table that there are no significantrelationship in between Extroversion Distraction r = ,193,Extroversion social control r = .082, Extroversion Punishmentr = .074, Extroversion Reappraisal r = .068, Neuroticism Distractionr = .072, neuroticism Social control r = - .069, NeuroticismPunishment r = - . 006, Neuroticism Reappraisal r = - .088,

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Differences in r-value (correlation coefficient) of personality traitstwo dimensiods with the relationship of flve factors of thoughtcontrol are illustrated graphically in ,tgaie l.It is also shown by the table that there are no significantrelationship in between Extroversion Distraction r = .193,Extroversion social control r = .082, Extroversion Punishmentr= .074, Extrov€rcion Reappraisal r = .068, Neuroticism Distmctionr = .072, neuroticism Social controi r = -.069, NeuroticismPunishment r = - .006, Neuroticism Reappraisal r = -.088,Differences in r-value (cofielation coefficient) of personality traitstivo dimensions with the relationship of five factoG of thoughtcontrol are illustrated graphicaily in fgale I.

DISCUSSION OF FINDINGSThe finding of the table I reveal that only thought control factorworry has shown significant relationship with Exhaversion becauseCal. r value of ,306 is greater than the Tab. r value of0.279 at .05level of significance.

It is also shown by the table that there are no significantrelationship in between Extroversion Distraction r = .193,Extroversion social control r = .082, Extroversion Punishmentr =.O74, Extrovercion Reappraisal r = .068, Neuroticism Distactionr = .072, neuroticism Social control r = -.069, NeuroticismPunishment r = -.006, Neuroticism Reappraisal r = - .088.

rvalue

0.t5

005

(a)

CONCLUSIONThe purpose of the study was to find out the relationship betweenpersonality traits and thought control of athlete's .The subject ofthe study was fifty rnale athletes from L.N.U.P.E who wereparticipated in Intervarsity tournament.Eysenck Personality Inventory questionnaire for personality tuaitsand Thought Control questionnaire of Admin Wells and Mark. i.Davis was administered to measure the Thought controi of athletes.For statistical analysis ofdata Pearson Product moment Correiationwas used to find out the relation between the Personality tmitsand Thought control of athletes ard it shows that except the factorsExtroversion and worry non other factors shows any relationshipbetrveen personality traits and thought control of athletes.

RECOMMENDATION1. It is lecommended "!hat a similar study may be undertal<en

b) emphasizing female players.

2. Study may be conducted on particuiar game and sportsccmparing male and female,

3. It is recommended to that simiiar study would be conductedon iaige population.

4. A. similar study would be conducted on student havingdifl€rcnt fitness level.

5. Study $.ould be conducted on national level player to Iindout if the similar trend persists at that level also-

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