data.bnf.fr

Françoise LerescheBibliothèque nationale de FranceBibliographic and Digital Information DepartmentStandards and Models Unit

Library Models and Standards and Their Availability in the Semantic Web Workshop

LIDA 2012

Exposing heterogeneous data more efficiently,using Semantic Web tools

Bibliothèque nationale de France

Millions of resourcesof any kind (books, scores, maps, still

images, audiovisual materials…)published items / manuscripts and archival

resources

Made Web available through digitization

Different logics

Published resources Bibliographic description (ISBD) and MARC

format

Archival resources Archival description (tree structure) and

XML-EAD format

Digitized resources Simple Dublin Core format

Catalogues

BnF Catalogue Général 15 millions of bibliographic records Legal deposit of French edition

BnF Archives et Manuscrits (BAM) Dozens of thousands of manuscripts and archival

resources Mediaeval manuscripts, authors' archives

Gallica 1,5 million of digital objects The largest digital library

in the French-speaking world

2%

24%

19%

54%

297 000 livres 816 000 presse et revues

364 000 images 32 000 cartes

13 000 manuscrits 1 500 documents sonores

5 700 partitions musicales

Resources

Often hidden in the "Deep Web," i.e.: buried in catalogues scattered among various addresses

Web practices

Less people come in through home pages they access site pages directly

Keyword research associated with final content

e.g.: a book title

Navigating links on blogs, sites, networks

Organizing information

Gathering contents, links, and services Pages for human reading Data for machine reading

Some tools are at hand: Authority records Description standards Perennial identifiers

The project

The project

Data clustering Published resources Archival resources Digital resources

About authors, works, and topics Providing

HTML pages RDF structured, open, W3C standards

compliant data

For what purposes?

To propose services Beyond warehouses For any audience

To open data and make it free

To provide reliable links

The project

Linksfor authors, works, and topics

Links to books, manuscripts, images…

disseminated to any audience through user-friendly HTML pages

HTML pages

In order to:

provide content

create links to resources

lead users to services

HTML pages

Clustering on one page all the information relating to

an authora worka topic

from heterogeneous formats using Semantic Web technologies

Semantic Web

Combining a traditional Web interface with a Semantic web approach Gathering information around a concept In addition to resources, an address and

meaningful machine-usable data RDF chosen as resource description

framework

Elaborationon data

Relying on authority records, and persistent identifiers

Period of reflection on standards Defining a model Selecting vocabularies

Data alignment and integration

How doesit work?

BnF Catalogue général

Digitized resources

Human-friendly Web pages

BnF Archives et Manuscrits

Machine-friendly dataClustering - Alignment

Functional principles

Extracting - Transforming

MandragoreVirtualexhibitions

Gallica

BnF

Archives & manuscrits

Cataloguegénéral

Clustering - Aligning

Publication - control

Autres sourcesWikipedia.

Other resources

Wikipedia, etc.

Web Interface Linked Data

Page concepts leading to

Other libraries

Authority records

ID card for an entity (person, corporate body, work…) the preferred form variant forms (references) notes sources links to other records an identifier (at the BnF, ARK identifier)

Authority record for a workassociated with an author

Preferred access pointtitle of work

Link tobibliographic records

Link to the authority recordfor the creator of the work

Links to other works (whole/part relationships)

Persistent identifier

Persistent identifiers

Persistent identifier to recognize a resource uniquely on the long term

Stable Reference Naming Finding Citing

Two objectives Access Preservation

Persistent identifiers: ARK

http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11992684q/UNIMARC

Name Mapping Authority Host (NMAH)

Label

Name Assigning Authority Number (NAAN)

Name(assigned by the Name Assigning Authority)

Qualifier (interpreted by the Name Mapping Authority)

FRBR model

Item

Manifestation

Expression

Work

Creation(at the top level of abstraction)

e.g.: Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque, E. A. Poe

Version under which a Work is available(type of content, language, contribution)

e.g.: French translation by Baudelaire

Publication(production of the book: publisher, printer)

e.g.: Ed. Paris : M. Lévy frères,1875. xxxi-330 p.

Physical copy

e.g.: digitized copy ark:/12148/bpt6k2029183

Why FRBR?

Organized display

of the various versions of a Work

of the various productions of a Person

Better matches to Web users' various queries

Why FRBR?

To interrelate persons and works at the right level of contribution Creator of a work

author, composer… Contributor to an edition

translator, author of a foreword… Producer of a publication

publisher, printer, distributor Name associated with a single exemplar

owner, annotator…

Vocabularies

No "records," only data

for concepts SKOS for authors FOAF for works RDA

implementation of the FRBR modelhttp://www.rdatoolkit.org/backgroundfiles/RelationshipsOverview_10_9_09.pdf

definition of the roles associated with the various types of contribution

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BnFAuthorities

Virtualexhibitions

Romain WENZ BnF-IBN 27

Complex ontology

"Author" page

"Work" page

RDF data

http://data.bnf.fr/11890582/charles_baudelaire/rdf.xml

http://data.bnf.fr/11947965/charles_baudelaire_les_fleurs_du_mal/rdf.xml

RDF data

<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb118905823">  <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#Concept" />   <rdfs:seeAlso rdf:resource="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb118905823" />   <foaf:focus rdf:resource="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb118905823#foaf:Person" />   <skos:editorialNote>DBF. - GDEL. - Laffont Bompiani, Auteurs</skos:editorialNote>   <skos:editorialNote>Baudelaire / Isabelle Viéville-Degeorges, impr.

2011</skos:editorialNote>   <skos:editorialNote>Les Fleurs du mal / Charles Baudelaire, 1869</skos:editorialNote>   <skos:editorialNote>BN Cat. gén.. - BN Cat. gén. 1960-1969. - BN Cat. gén.

suppl.</skos:editorialNote>   <owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://viaf.org/viaf/17218730" />   <skos:prefLabel>Charles Baudelaire (1821-1867)</skos:prefLabel>   <skos:altLabel>Baudelaire- Dufays (1821-1867)</skos:altLabel>   <skos:altLabel>Baudelaire-Dufays (1821-1867)</skos:altLabel>   <skos:altLabel>Pierre Dufaÿs (1821-1867)</skos:altLabel>   <skos:altLabel>Baudelaire (1821-1867)</skos:altLabel>   <skos:altLabel>Charles Pierre Baudelaire (1821-1867)</skos:altLabel>   </rdf:Description>

Authority records are regarded as concepts SKOS

RDF data

Identifying the person FOAF

<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb118905823#foaf:Person">  <foaf:name>Charles Baudelaire</foaf:name>   <rdagroup2elements:fieldOfActivityOfThePerson>Littératures</rdagroup2elements:fieldOfActivityOfThePerson>   <rdagroup2elements:fieldOfActivityOfThePerson rdf:resource="http://dewey.info/class/800/" />   <foaf:familyName>Baudelaire</foaf:familyName>   <foaf:givenName>Charles</foaf:givenName>   <rdagroup2elements:placeOfDeath>Paris</rdagroup2elements:placeOfDeath>   <dc:contributor rdf:resource="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13911358q#frbr:Work" />   <dc:contributor rdf:resource="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb157080678#frbr:Work" />   <dc:contributor rdf:resource="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16527546n#frbr:Work" />   <owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://dbpedia.org/resource/Charles_Baudelaire" />   <rdagroup2elements:languageOfThePerson rdf:resource="http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-2/fre" />   <foaf:birthday>04-09</foaf:birthday>   <rdagroup2elements:placeOfBirth>Paris</rdagroup2elements:placeOfBirth>   <foaf:depiction rdf:resource="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/

Baudelaire_crop.jpg/200px-Baudelaire_crop.jpg" />   <foaf:depiction rdf:resource="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k96352b.thumbnail" />   <foaf:depiction rdf:resource="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b6903323t.thumbnail" />   <foaf:depiction rdf:resource="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k61826b.thumbnail" />   <foaf:depiction rdf:resource="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k118051q.thumbnail" />   <foaf:depiction rdf:resource="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k629005.thumbnail" />   <foaf:depiction rdf:resource="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k8843k.thumbnail" />   <foaf:depiction rdf:resource="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5839355j.thumbnail" />   <foaf:depiction rdf:resource="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k22909f.thumbnail" />   <foaf:depiction rdf:resource="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k1092623.thumbnail" />   <rdagroup2elements:dateOfDeath>31-08-1867</rdagroup2elements:dateOfDeath>   <rdagroup2elements:dateOfBirth>09-04-1821</rdagroup2elements:dateOfBirth>   <dc:title xml:lang="fr">Charles Baudelaire</dc:title>   <foaf:page rdf:resource="http://data.bnf.fr/11890582/charles_baudelaire/" />   <rdagroup2elements:biographicalInformation>Poète. - Critique d'art. - Traducteur d'Edgar Allan Poe. - Signa

ses premières oeuvres de son patronyme et du nom de sa mère Caroline Archenbaut-Dufays</rdagroup2elements:biographicalInformation>

  <foaf:gender>male</foaf:gender>   <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person" />   <dc:date>1821-1867</dc:date>   <xfoaf:nationality rdf:resource="http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/countries/fr" />   </rdf:Description>

RDF data

Baudelaire as translator [contributor] Poe, Edgar Allan. Histoires grotesques et sérieuses

<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb32536208w#frbr:Expression">  <dc:contributor rdf:resource="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb118905823#foaf:Person" />   <marcrel:trl rdf:resource="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb118905823#foaf:Person" />   </rdf:Description>

Baudelaire as author [creator]Baudelaire, Charles. Le spleen de Paris

<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120434510#frbr:Work">  <dc:creator rdf:resource="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb118905823#foaf:Person" />   </rdf:Description>

Benefits

Visibility Being on users' path Finding resources without knowing of

them

Knowledge enhancement Simple pages and large audience Creating links Enabling data reuse

Benefits

For the BnF Experimentation

FRBRizing catalogue records Future developments for the catalogue New mode of disseminating bibliographic

information

Showing up in the Linked Data world

Presence in the Linked Data cloud

http://richard.cyganiak.de/2007/10/lod/lod-datasets_2011-09-19_colored.html

Thank you!