EXCEPTIONAL EVENTS

Date: July through November, 2007 Districts: Northern Sierra

San Diego County Ventura County

Events: Wildfire Smoke and High Winds

The following information has been compiled for monitoring sites where the data could affect the designation status for the new PM2.5 standard. These areas are the Northern Sierra Air Pollution Control District (NSAPCD), the San Diego County Air Pollution Control District (San Diego APCD) and the Ventura County Air Pollution Control District (Ventura APCD).

Although other monitoring sites in other Districts were affected by the wildfires, they either did not exceed the federal PM2.5 24-hour standard of 35 ug/m3 or their inclusion would not affect the Districts’ attainment status. If needed, the Air Resources Board (ARB) will pursue additional exceptional event exemptions within the normal Exceptional Events Rule timeline.

Separate documentation will be provided by other Districts, particularly the San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District (San Joaquin APCD) and the South Coast Air Pollution Control District (South Coast APCD) for flagging data from monitoring sites affected by wildfires.

The following information is provided:

1) List of fires; 2) Potential air quality monitoring samples affected by the fires; 3) Satellite images of smoke impacts; and 4) District public notification.

1

2007 Wildfires Affecting Air Quality

The following wildfires affected the air quality of several areas in California from July, 2007 to November, 2007.

Table 1: Wildfires in California from July to October, 2007

Fire Name Date of Origin

Nearby City/County

Zaca 7/4/07 Santa Barbara/Santa Barbara Antelope Complex 7/5/07 Antelope Lake/Plumas Elk Complex 7/10/07 Yreka/Siskiyou Grouse 8/27/07 Porterville/Kern Lick 9/3/07 Gilroy/Santa Clara Moonlight 9/3/07 Greenville/Plumas Butler 2 9/14/07 San Bernardino/San Bernardino Ranch 10/20/07 Castaic/Los Angeles Buckweed 10/21/07 Palmdale/Los Angeles Canyon 10/21/07 Malibu/Los Angeles McCoy 10/21/07 Julian/San Diego Roca 10/21/07 Aguanga/Riverside Santiago 10/21/07 Santa Ana/Orange Sedgewick 10/21/07 Los Olivos/Santa Barbara Witch 10/21/07 Ramona/San Diego Cajon 10/22/07 Lytle Creek/San Bernardino Coronado Hills 10/22/07 San Marcos/San Diego Grass Valley 10/22/07 Lake Arrowhead/San Bernardino Harris 10/22/07 Portrero/San Diego Magic 10/22/07 Santa Clarita/Los Angeles Rice 10/22/07 Fallbrook/Los Angeles Slide 10/22/07 Green Valley Lake/San Bernardino Ammo 10/23/07 San Clemente/San Diego Poomacha 10/23/07 Pauma Valley/San Diego

2

Air Quality Monitoring Sites Impacted by 2007 Wildfires

PM2.5 monitoring sites throughout California were affected by smoke from the numerous wildfires from July to early November, 2007. There are two types of PM2.5 monitors operated in California; Federal Reference Monitors (FRM) and Beta Attenuation Monitors (BAM). Data from the filter-based FRMs has not been completely finalized. In the absence of FRM data, BAM measurements can provide an indication of days of possible PM2.5 exceedance. Preliminary data from these monitors are shown below.

Figure 1: Mountain Counties Air Basin PM2.5 BAM Monitoring Sites during the Antelope Complex Fire, July, 2007.

ug/m

3

7/2

7/3

50.0

45.0

40.0

35.0

30.0

25.0

20.0

15.0

10.0

5.0

0.0

7/4

7/5

7/6

Fire Origin

7/7

7/8

7/9

7/10

7/11

7/12

7/13

7/14

7/15

7/16

Yosemite

= Quincy

Chester

Truckee

Portola

Federal 24-Hour PM2.5 Standard

3

Figure 2: Mountain Counties Air Basin PM2.5 Monitoring Sites during the Moonlight Fire, September, 2007.

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

9/1

9/2

9/3

9/4

9/5

9/6

9/7

9/8

9/9

9/10

9/11

9/12

9/13

9/14

9/15

ug/m

3

Chester Portola

Yosemite Truckee

Quincy Federal 24-Hour PM2.5 Standard

Fire Origin

Figure 3: Selected Sacramento Valley Air Basin PM2.5 Monitoring Sites during the Moonlight Fire, September, 2007.

0.0 5.0

10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0

9/1

9/2

9/3

9/4

9/5

9/6

9/7

9/8

9/9

9/10

9/11

9/12

9/13

9/14

9/15

ug/m

3

Chico Colusa

Davis Roseville

Vacaville Willows

Woodland Yuba City

Federal 24-Hour PM2.5 Standard

Fire Origin

4

Figure 4: San Diego County APCD PM2.5 BAM Monitoring Sites during the October 2007 Wildfires.

0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

120.0

140.0

160.0

10/1

7

10/1

8

10/1

9

10/2

0

10/2

1

10/2

2

10/2

3

10/2

4

10/2

5

10/2

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7

10/2

8

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9

10/3

0

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1

11/1

11/2

11/3

11/4

11/5

11/6

11/7

11/8

ug/m

3

Alpine El Cajon

Escondido San Diego

Federal 24-Hour PM2.5 Standard

Fire Origins

Figure 5: Ventura County APCD PM2.5 BAM Monitoring Sites during the October 2007 Wildfires.

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

10/1

7

10/1

8

10/1

9

10/2

0

10/2

1

10/2

2

10/2

3

10/2

4

10/2

5

10/2

6

10/2

7

10/2

8

10/2

9

10/3

0

10/3

1

11/1

11/2

11/3

11/4

11/5

11/6

11/7

11/8

ug/m

3

El Rio Ojai

Piru Simi Valley

Thousand Oaks Federal 24-Hour PM2.5 Standard

Fire Origins

=

Several of the days shown in the figures above correspond with FRM scheduled monitoring days. These days, and the corresponding monitoring sites, are noted in Table 2. ARB believes that these days should be flagged as exceptional events.

5

Event Monitoring District/Site AIRS ID

FRM scheduled monitoring

day

PM2.5 BAM Measurement

Preliminary PM2.5 FRM

Concentration

ANTELOPE COMPLEX FIRE NORTHERN SIERRA Portola 60631009 7/8/07 47.5 41

MOONLIGHT FIRE NORTHERN SIERRA Quincy 60631006 9/6/07 41.8 tbd 9/9/07 42.8 tbd SACRAMENTO VALLEY No BAM sites exceeded Federal standard on scheduled FRM monitoring days

SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA WILDFIRES SAN DIEGO Chula Vista 607300001 10/24/07 * 78 11/2/07 * 36 El Cajon 60730003 10/24/07 62 27 11/2/07 39 36 11/5/07 35 31 Escondido 60731002 10/22/07 105 124 10/23/07 146 126 10/24/07 43 39 10/25/07 38 36 10/26/07 42 38 10/27/07 41 38 10/28/07 59 53 11/2/07 38 44 11/5/07 31 36 11/6/07 28 48 San Diego – Beardsley 60731010 10/21/07 33 37 10/23/07 42 41 10/24/07 73 70 10/25/07 47 49 10/26/07 36 33 11/3/07 36 37 VENTURA El Rio 61113001 10/21/07 71 tbd Piru 61110009 10/21/07 40 tbd Simi Valley 61112002 10/21/07 40 tbd * - not a BAM site

tbd – to be determined

Table 2: PM2.5 BAM Measurements on FRM Scheduled Monitoring Days During California Wildfires from July to November, 2007.

6

Satellite Images of 2007 Wildfires

The satellite images below show the Antelope Complex Fire (Figure 6), the Moonlight Fire (Figures 7 through 9), and the Southern California October Fires (Figure 10). Smoke from these fires can be seen impacting surrounding areas.

Antelope Complex Fire

Figure 6: Terra satellite MODIS image showing Antelope Complex Fire and subsequent smoke plume on July 8, 2007 at 1137 local time.

Moonlight Fire

Figure 7, taken on September 5, shows smoke moving southwest and then spreading both east and west over the Mountain Counties, Sacramento Valley, and San Joaquin Valley. Figure 8, taken on September 7, shows that the smoke plume also affected areas east of the fire.

7

Figure 7: Geostationary satellite (GOES) image showing Moonlight Fire and subsequent smoke plume on September 5, 2007 at 1430 UTC.

This GOES-11 satellite image shows thick smoke moving across the Northern California, Nevada, and Idaho. The smoke is being produced mainly by the Moonlight wildfire burning near Susanville, CA Smoke is yellowish in tint (while weather clouds are white).

Moonlight Fire

STORE

GOES.I1 RGB- CH (14) 0905287 4 30UTC

Figure 8: Geostationary satellite (GOES) image showing Moonlight Fire and subsequent smoke plume on September 7 2007 at 1500 UTC.

This visible GOES WEST image at 07/1500UTC shows the large wildfire in Plumas National Forest in Plumas county California. This wildfire is producing locally dense smoke that is moving northward then eastward into Nevada.

COLS WEST Band 1 501072047 15at UTC

Oregon

California

Nevada

Figure 9 shows the Moonlight Fire on September 10. The area of smoke impact is again west and southwest of the original fire, towards the Sacramento Valley.

8

Figure 9: Terra satellite MODIS image showing Moonlight Fire and subsequent smoke plume on September 10, 2007 at 1430 UTC.

Southern California Wildfires

The satellite image below shows several fires with resulting smoke being transported westward by strong Santa Ana winds.

Figure 10: Satellite image of Southern California Wildfires on October 22, 2007 at 2055 UTC

This MODIS satellite image taken at 22/2055 UTC shows dense plumes of smoke from multiple wildfires in Southern California continue to spread over the Pacific Ocean and now extend over 500 nmi offshore.

Crean MMAXASA This is a geographical reference

NASA

CALIFORNIA

PACIFIC OCEAN

San Diego

mok

MEXICO

MODIS RGB CH(143)10/27/JWT19 5 070

9

Public Notification and Mitigation

Information regarding public notification of smoke impacts is attached. The Air Pollution Control Districts posted basic information and health advisories on their websites. Numerous media sources (newspapers, television, radio, and internet) provided both information on the fires and the impacts of smoke on health and property.

10

Notices for July 2007 Antelope Complex Fire

InciWeb: Wildfire/smoke Advisory http://www.inciweb.org/incident/announcements/article/978/6213/

InciWeb - Wildland Fire and Incident Information System Wildfire/smoke Advisory

Incident: Moonlight Released: 9/5/2007

NORTHERN SIERRA AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT DISTRICT GRETCHEN BENNITT, APCO

Quincy Field Office

270 Hospital Rd., Suite 127

Quincy, CA 95971

(530) 283-4654 / FAX: (530) 283-0699

email: george@myairdistrict.com

SEPTEMBER 5, 2007

AIR QUALITY ADVISORY - SMOKE PLUMAS COUNTY, SIERRA COUNTY AND NEVADA COUNTY

Smoke from the Moonlight Fire in northeast Plumas County has spread across large portions of the counties of Plumas, Sierra and Nevada. In the early morning hours, the smoke plume was travelling west to Butte County, then southward before curving back to the east and into the foothills. The smoke plume is forecast to move east as the day progresses. Accordingly, the western portions of the northern Sierras should clear first, while smoke concentrations may increase in the eastern portions, including the Truckee area. However, the smoke may move back to the foothills tonight. Tomorrow (September 6), residual smoke is expected to clear by mid-morning with the arrival of west and southwest winds.

During periods when the smoke is especially dense, air quality may fall into the "very unhealthy" range. If you smell smoke, or see smoke around you, consider restricting your outside activities. Until the present conditions improve, individuals should consider taking the following actions:

•· Healthy people should delay strenuous exercise, particularly when they can smell smoke.

•· Children and elderly people should consider avoiding outdoor activities, particularly prolonged

outdoor exertion.

•· People with health-related illnesses, particularly asthma and respiratory problems, should remain indoors.

•· Asthmatics should follow their asthma management plan.

•· Contact your doctor if you have symptoms such as chest pain, chest tightness, shortness of breath, or severe fatigue. This is important for not only people with chronic lung or heart disease, but also for individuals who have not been previously diagnosed with such illnesses. Smoke can "unmask" or produce symptom of such diseases.

•· Keep airways moist by drinking lots of water. Breathing through a warm, wet washcloth can also help relieve dryness.

Studies have linked fine particulate matter (smoke) with significant health problems, including work and school absences, respiratory related hospital admissions, aggravated asthma, acute respiratory symptoms (including severe chest pain, gasping, and aggravated coughing), chronic bronchitis, decreased lung function, and premature death.

A good internet site for fire information is http://www.yubanet.com/, and a satellite view depicting the smoke plume is available via www.wrh.noaa.gov/sto by clicking "Satellite Imagery" on the left and choosing the "Visible, Western US, 1km Resolution" option. Please do not call 911 for information; call only to report an emergency, such as a fire you can see.

Advisory for Wednesday, September 5 and Thursday, September 6, 2007

12/7/2007 11:36 AM

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Notices for September 2007 Moonlight Fire

InciWeb: Wildfire/smoke Advisory http://66.60.184.155/incident/announcements/article/978/6213/

InciWeb - Wildland Fire and Incident Information System Wildfire/smoke Advisory

Incident: Moonlight Released: 9/5/2007

NORTHERN SIERRA AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT DISTRICT GRETCHEN BENNITT, APCO

Quincy Field Office

270 Hospital Rd., Suite 127

Quincy, CA 95971

(530) 283-4654 / FAX: (530) 283-0699

email: george@myairdistrict.com

SEPTEMBER 5, 2007

AIR QUALITY ADVISORY - SMOKE PLUMAS COUNTY, SIERRA COUNTY AND NEVADA COUNTY

Smoke from the Moonlight Fire in northeast Plumas County has spread across large portions of the counties of Plumas, Sierra and Nevada. In the early morning hours, the smoke plume was travelling west to Butte County, then southward before curving back to the east and into the foothills. The smoke plume is forecast to move east as the day progresses. Accordingly, the western portions of the northern Sierras should clear first, while smoke concentrations may increase in the eastern portions, including the Truckee area. However, the smoke may move back to the foothills tonight. Tomorrow (September 6), residual smoke is expected to clear by mid-morning with the arrival of west and southwest winds.

During periods when the smoke is especially dense, air quality may fall into the "very unhealthy" range. If you smell smoke, or see smoke around you, consider restricting your outside activities. Until the present conditions improve, individuals should consider taking the following actions:

•· Healthy people should delay strenuous exercise, particularly when they can smell smoke.

•· Children and elderly people should consider avoiding outdoor activities, particularly prolonged

outdoor exertion.

•· People with health-related illnesses, particularly asthma and respiratory problems, should remain indoors.

•· Asthmatics should follow their asthma management plan.

•· Contact your doctor if you have symptoms such as chest pain, chest tightness, shortness of breath, or severe fatigue. This is important for not only people with chronic lung or heart disease, but also for individuals who have not been previously diagnosed with such illnesses. Smoke can "unmask" or produce symptom of such diseases.

•· Keep airways moist by drinking lots of water. Breathing through a warm, wet washcloth can also help relieve dryness.

Studies have linked fine particulate matter (smoke) with significant health problems, including work and school absences, respiratory related hospital admissions, aggravated asthma, acute respiratory symptoms (including severe chest pain, gasping, and aggravated coughing), chronic bronchitis, decreased lung function, and premature death.

A good internet site for fire information is http://www.yubanet.com/, and a satellite view depicting the smoke plume is available via www.wrh.noaa.gov/sto by clicking "Satellite Imagery" on the left and choosing the "Visible, Western US, 1km Resolution" option. Please do not call 911 for information; call only to report an emergency, such as a fire you can see.

Advisory for Wednesday, September 5 and Thursday, September 6, 2007

12/7/2007 11:47 AM

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Smoke-Related Health Advisory Issued http://www.placer.ca.gov/News/2007/09%20Sep/SmokeAdvisory.aspx

Smoke-Related Health Advisory Issued

Smoke-Related Health Advisory Issued September 05, 2007

The Moonlight Fire, burning in the Plumas National Forest, is creating smoky conditions in Placer County, prompting the Placer County Health and Human Services Department and Placer County Air Pollution Control District to issue a health advisory.

“In a nutshell, if you can see or smell smoke, you should limit outdoor physical activities, and strongly consider canceling outdoor sporting events and other group physical activities,” Placer County Health Officer Dr. Richard Burton said.

People should generally avoid physical exertion during smoky conditions. Particularly affected are children and the elderly.

Dr. Burton and Air Pollution Control Officer Tom Christofk advise residents to take the situation into account as they plan activities.

Smoky conditions vary considerably in Placer County, because of the terrain and the weather. A specific location therefore may be smoky at one point and clear at another. Depending on where you are, you may or may not be impacted, and the situation could change very quickly.

If you are in an area where you can see or smell smoke, until conditions improve, consider the following recommendations:

Healthy people should delay strenuous exercise. Children and elderly people should consider avoiding outdoor activities, particularly prolonged outdoor exertion. People with health-related illnesses, particularly respiratory problems, should remain indoors. Using paper mask filters, which are not capable of filtering extra-fine smoke particles, and which restrict airflow, is not recommended. Stay inside with doors and windows shut. Use the recycle or re-circulate mode on the air conditioner in your home or car. Avoid cooking and vacuuming, which can increase pollutants indoors. Asthmatics should follow their asthma-management plan.. .

. . .

.

Contact your doctor if you have symptoms such as chest pain, chest tightness, shortness of breath, or severe fatigue. This is important for not only people with chronic lung or heart disease, but also for individuals who have not been previously diagnosed with such illnesses. Smoke can “unmask” or produce symptom of such diseases. Keep airways moist by drinking lots of water. Breathing through a warm, wet washcloth can also help relieve dryness.

12/7/2007 11:48 AM

Smoke Advisory Update http://www.placer.ca.gov/News/2007/09%20Sep/SmokeAdvisoryUpdate...

Smoke Advisory Update

Smoke Advisory Update September 06, 2007

The Moonlight Fire, burning in the Plumas National Forest, has created smoky conditions in Placer County, prompting the Placer County Health and Human Services Department and Placer County Air Pollution Control District to issue a health advisory on Wednesday.

This advisory remains in effect today. However winds are expected to disperse the smoke over the next 24 hours.

“As a reminder, if you can see or smell smoke, you should limit outdoor physical activities, and strongly consider canceling outdoor sporting events and other group physical activities,” Placer County Health Officer Dr. Richard Burton said.

As always, smoky conditions vary considerably in Placer County, because of the terrain and the weather. A specific location therefore may be smoky at one point and clear at another. Depending on where you are, you may or may not be impacted, and the situation could change very quickly.

People should generally avoid physical exertion during smoky conditions. Particularly affected are children and the elderly.

Dr. Burton and Air Pollution Control Officer Tom Christofk advise residents to take the situation into account as they plan activities.

If you are in an area where you can see or smell smoke, until conditions improve, consider the following recommendations:

Healthy people should delay strenuous exercise. Children and elderly people should consider avoiding outdoor activities, particularly prolonged outdoor exertion. People with health-related illnesses, particularly respiratory problems, should remain indoors. Using paper mask filters, which are not capable of filtering extra-fine smoke particles, and which restrict airflow, is not recommended. Stay inside with doors and windows shut. Use the recycle or re-circulate mode on the air conditioner in your home or car. Avoid cooking and vacuuming, which can increase pollutants indoors.

Contact your doctor if you have symptoms such as chest pain, chest tightness, shortness of breath, or severe fatigue. This is important for not only people with chronic lung or heart disease, but also for individuals who have not been previously diagnosed with such illnesses. Smoke can “unmask” or produce symptom of such diseases.

Asthmatics should follow their asthma-management plan.

. . .

.. ..

Keep airways moist by drinking lots of water. Breathing through a warm, wet washcloth can also help relieve dryness.

12/7/2007 11:53 AM

Notices for October 2007 Wildfires in Southern California

Figure 2.aAir Quality Advisory Posted October 23 through Oct 24, 2007

orcast Page 1 of

Ventura County Air Pollution Control District

Air Quality Forecast + Agricultural Burn Status

Forms Contact

Air Quality Advisory Due to the smoke from many of the wildfires in and around Ventura County, it is possible that almost all areas of Ventura County will encounter smoke at some time. Air Quality in

mividaneed to be untwilightut if you smell smoke, be

sopie with Heart or A milt thing ifhome price

contact VCAPCD, K

Agricultural Burn Regions

1. Coastal (Ventura / Oxnard / Camarillo)

2. Ojal Valley 3. Fillmore and Piru 4. Simi Valley and Moorpark 5. Conejo Valley (Thousand Oaks) 5: Northern Ventura County

But Baglein Agricultural Burn Status for Tuesday, October 23, 2007

Enity Momba IT am.- 10 amY No

Late Morning (10 aim. - noon); Affemoon (noon - Apuan]

Pathdit Must be pathined there a ventura County Fire Station

10/21 -24 10/23/20

Figure 2.bAir Quality Advisory Posted October 25 through Oct 29, 2007

Formal

Ventura County Air Pollution Control District

Air Quality Forecast + Agricultural Burn Status

Air Quality Advisory Due to the smoke from many of the wildfires in and around Ventura County, it is possible that almost an areas of Vestica Com strokin at wortie time. Air Quitty in weak affected by the smoke we considerde to be usheatifitin" The Santa Ana winds am

decreasing and the air quality is getting better And the And there will be periods of slice where he we quinty it "good. " And there will be periods when 2 wil be "Unhasitby". If you

e, be cautious and use common sense to protect your family's health, Everybag. eduty people with heart or hang disease [lecturing authing), older adults and chidren wie list room spent outdoors, and lindt prolonged or heavy exertion, If you or your

tract your health care provider. This a dole and an conditions warrent. If you have questions contact Yearco, Mart Fiala

or Mallory Hare at 305 602-4940 or $45-1406,

Agricultural Burn Regions

1. Coastal (Ventura / Oxnard Camarillo)

2. Ojai Valley 3, Fillmore and Piri 4. Simi Valley and Moorpark 5. Conejo Valley (Thousand Oaks) 6, Northern Ventura County

"Ag cutural Burn Status for Thursday, Donbir 25, 2007

Cuty Moving $7 am- 10 am

Perettes be Cared for , Versa Caity Fie atitan

19/25-2007

Santa Barbara CountyAir Pollution Control District

Santa Barbara County

Health DEPARTMENT

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE October 21, 2007

Public Health Contacts: Michele Mickiewicz, Public Information Officer, 805-451-3497 (cell) Elliot Schulman, MD, MPH, Public Health Department Director, County Health Officer, 805-681-5105

APCD Contacts: Bobbie Bratz, Public Information Officer, 805-455-6403 (cell)

Air Quality Health Advisory Continues

The health advisory issued yesterday by Santa Barbara County Public Health Department and the Santa Barbara County Air Pollution Control District (APCD) remains in effect. Air quality is unhealthful for all residents due to high winds that are blowing ash that is left over from the Zaca Fire as well as smoke from the Sedgwick Fire that is currently burning north east of Figueroa Mountain. There is currently an evacuation warning in place for the Woodstock community due to the Sedgwick Fire. There is also the possibility of smoke that will blow into Santa Barbara County from a fire burning near Piru in Ventura County.

Residents living in areas impacted by these fires and wind conditions are advised by County health and air quality officials to remain indoors, minimize time spent outdoors and limit prolonged or heavy exertion while outdoors. In addition, residents are advised to keep windows and doors closed to minimize air flow indoors. These precautions are recommended for all residents and especially for people with respiratory and heart conditions.

Dr. Elliot Schulman, County Health Officer, said, “As always when air quality is considered unhealthful, people with asthma or other respiratory diseases or heart conditions should monitor their health conditions and consult with their health care providers if their symptoms worsen.”

# # #

Santa Barbara CountyAir Pollution Control District

Santa Barbara County

Health DEPARTMENT

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE October 23, 2007

Public Health Contacts: Michele Mickiewicz, Public Information Officer, 805-451-3497 (cell) Elliot Schulman, MD, MPH, Public Health Department Director, County Health Officer, 805-681-5105

APCD Contacts: Bobbie Bratz, Public Information Officer, 805-455-6403(cell) Tom Murphy, APCD Division Manager, 805-403-1096

Air Quality Advisory for Smoke, Ash and Soot

Santa Barbara, CA — The Santa Barbara County Public Health Department and the Santa Barbara County Air Pollution Control District (APCD) have upgraded the precautionary advisory issued yesterday to an Air Quality Advisory for Santa Barbara County communities. Residents are advised to minimize time outdoors and avoid prolonged or heavy exertion. These precautions are especially important for people with respiratory and heart conditions.

The air quality conditions have degraded from Monday’s levels due to high winds blowing smoke from the fires burning in southern California and continued impacts of ash and soot from the Zaca Fire.

Everyone is advised to be cautious and use common sense to protect your family’s health, especially people with heart or lung disease (including asthma), older adults and children should limit time spent outdoors, and limit prolonged or heavy exertion. If you have symptoms of lung or heart disease that may be related to excess smoke or particulate exposure, including repeated coughing, shortness of breath or difficulty breathing, wheezing, chest tightness or pain, palpitations, nausea or unusual fatigue or lightheadedness, contact your health care provider.

Dr. Elliot Schulman, County Health Officer, said, “People are urged to continue being vigilant while the smoke and ash conditions continue. It is especially important for people with asthma or other respiratory diseases or heart conditions to monitor their health and consult with their health care providers if their symptoms worsen.”

# # #

12/7/2007 11:01 AM

sandiego.com - San Diego Fire 2007 News http://www.sandiego.com/articles/dynamic-feeds/san-diego-fire-2007-n...

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San Diego Fire 2007 News Page 5 of 8 Article Index Wednesday 10:55pm San Diego Fire 2007 News

Page 2ADDITIONAL AMERICAN RED CROSS Page 3 SHELTERS Page 4

Page 5The American Red Cross has opened the Page 6following additional shelters: Page 7 - Mount Miguel High School at 8585 Blossom Page 8

Lane in Spring Valley - The Rock Church for special needs evacuees at 2277 Rosecrans Street in San Diego - Poway Community Park at 13094 Civic Center Drive in Poway

For a complete list of active shelters, visit the County of San Diego’s Emergency Web site at www.sdcountyemergency.com.

Wednesday 7:45pm

State Park Closures and Reservation Cancellations

The following state parks in San Diego County are closed: - San Pasqual Battlefield State Historic Park - South Carlsbad State Beach - Torrey Pines State Reserve

The following state parks have cancelled all reservations through October 31. Refunds are available:

- Cuyamaca Rancho State Park - Palomar Mountain State Park - San Elijo State Beach - Silver Strand State Beach - San Onofre State Beach - reservations are cancelled at the San Mateo Campground only

Wednesday 7:11pm Boil Water Order for Calexico Lodge

A Boil Water Order has been issued for Calexico Lodge at 40248 Old Highway 80, Boulevard, 91905 effective immediately.

Due to the fires, this public water system lost pressure in its distribution system. The precautionary Boil Water Order will remain in effect until the distribution system has been disinfected and laboratory results confirm the absence of bacteria in the water supply.

Calexico Lodge immediately took steps to prevent the public from coming in contact with the water by posting public notification.

For more information on the Boil Water Order, please contact Vern Schoore, at (619) 766-4569.

Wednesday 6:44pm

The Air Pollution Control District has issued a Precautionary Smoke Advisory for the San Diego Air Basin, which encompasses San Diego County.

Small microscopic ash can enter the lungs through breathing in unhealthy air conditions. If you are in an area with visible smoke, or if

GO

Southland Wildfires October 2007 http://www.aqmd.gov/news1/2007/SouthlandWildfiresOctober2007.html

12/7/2007 10:32 AM

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Cleaning the air that we breathe... Espanol 1 4 1 2130

Wildfires, Strong Winds Continue to Create RIVER Unhealthful Air Quality Across the Southland

Oct. 23, 2007

Schools Urged to Curtail Outdoor Activities in Areas Affected by Smoke

Smoke and ash from numerous wildfires along with dust raised by strong winds continue to create unhealthful air quality throughout much of the Southland again today.

Air quality officials are advising all residents, and particularly school officials, to curtail outdoor activities if they can see or smell smoke or see falling ash.

Concentrations of fine particulate matter known as PM10 are at unhealthy levels in numerous areas directly impacted by smoke as well as high-wind areas in San Bernardino, Riverside, Orange, and Los Angeles counties.

In areas with unhealthy air quality, everyone should discontinue prolonged, vigorous outdoor exercise lasting longer than one hour. Examples of the kinds of outdoor activities that should be avoided are calisthenics, basketball, running, soccer, football, tennis, swimming laps, and water polo. Susceptible persons, such as those with heart or lung disease, should avoid outdoor activity entirely.

The strong Santa Ana condition that is bringing gusty winds from the northeast through and below the Southland’s passes and canyons is expected to continue through today, decreasing on Wednesday.

For more tips on avoiding health impacts from the smoke, see http://www.aqmd.gov/pubinfo/factsheets.htm on AQMD’s website.

AQMD is the air pollution control agency for Orange County and major portions of Los Angeles, San Bernardino and Riverside counties.

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Air quality problems expected to linger

Smoke, ash could remain an issue for several weeks

By Robert KrierUNION-TRIBUNE STAFF WRITER

11:43 p.m. October 23, 2007

Decreasing winds should help firefighters Wednesday, but smoke and ash are expected to continue to accumulate, worsening already unhealthy conditions in much of the county.

“It's going to be many days before these particles are out of the atmosphere,” said Bill Brick, senior meteorologist with the San Diego County Air Pollution Control District. “We won't have good air around the county until probably Saturday or Sunday.”

Rain or a strong marine layer would help dilute the growing concentrations of airborne particles and wash the pollutants out of the air, but no such weather pattern is expected to develop this week, said Ed Clark, warning coordination meteorologist for the National Weather Service in Rancho Bernardo.

Early in the week, forecasters thought a storm could bring rain by Saturday.

“We're going to have air-quality issues – potentially – for several weeks,” Brick said.

On Thanksgiving Day 2003, weeks after the Cedar, Paradise and Otay fires were mostly extinguished, winds kicked up dust and ash in the backcountry and created unhealthy conditions all the way to the coast.

Since the latest blazes began, winds blowing generally from the east have blown particulates – the term for dust, dirt, soot and smoke – more than 1,000 miles over the Pacific Ocean.

Some of that smoke could be sent back over the coast if the winds shift as expected tomorrow, Clark said.

“It will be diluted somewhat, but it will still be an onslaught of dirty air,” Brick said.

Several days after the start of the 2003 wildfires, a similar wind shift carried a blanket of smoke back over nearly the entire county.

Yesterday, some flames were pushed eastward, but not because of a shift in large-scale wind patterns, forecaster Noel Isla said. The fires actually create their own weather because the heat causes the air to rise and more air rushes in below, creating an underdraft.

According to air monitoring stations, Escondido has experienced the worst air quality so far this week. Particulate levels have been considered very unhealthy to hazardous at times. Nearly a dozen people were admitted to Palomar Medical Center in respiratory distress, Palomar Pomerado Health spokesman Andy Hoang said.

Fans and special industrial filters were set up along the corridors of every floor of the Escondido hospital. But it still smelled of smoke. Staffers said wafts of sooty air seemed to fill the halls when the winds changed or the elevator doors opened. Masks were available as a courtesy to visitors.

Prolonged exposure to unhealthy air can lead to respiratory, vision and other health problems, said Brick, the meteorologist. But many people initially feel no symptoms.

“You may feel all right now, but these things are cumulative,” said Brick, who advised that people remain indoors as much as possible and limit physical activity.

The Santa Ana winds, which peaked near 70 mph Monday, are expected to diminish. Winds should be in the 10 mph to 15 mph range today, and should be fairly calm tomorrow.

That would give firefighters a break. But humidity levels are expected to remain dangerously low today, and temperatures are expected to climb into the 90s in the inland valleys.

12/7/2007 10:55 AM

Staff writer Cheryl Clark contributed to this report.

Robert Krier: (619) 293-2241; rob.krier@uniontrib.com

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Friday, December 7, 2007 Last modified Friday, October 26, 2007 3:39 PM PDT

Ramona, surrounding area under mandatory evacuation By: SARAH WILKINS - Staff Writer

NORTH COUNTY ---- The entire town of Ramona ---- more than 36,000 people ---- and hundreds of residents in surrounding areas Roads closed because of Ramona-area wildfire include: were forced to flee their homes - Highway 78 at Magnolia Avenue Sunday night after a Santa - Highway 78 at Rancho Santa Teresa

Ana-whipped fire burned through - Highway 79 at Highway 78 - Old Julian Highway at Vista Ramona Road5,000 acres on both sides of - Highway 79 at Highway 76Highway 78, leaving blazing ---- Source: California Highway Patrol, as of 10:45 p.m.

structures, power outages and Contacts and updates:dead animals in its wake. 24-hour Community, Health and Disaster Information: Dial 211

County General Information Line: (858) 694-3900 View A Slide Show County Office of Emergency Services fire updates:

www.sdcountyemergency.com The inferno, dubbed the Witch Creek San Diego Gas & Electric Co.: www.sdge.com

fire by officials, was one of a dozen California Highway Patrol traffic and road closure information: cad.chp.ca.gov County Animal Services emergency information: (619) 767-2675blazes scorching Southern California

from Malibu to Mexico that prompted Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger to declare a state of emergency in San Diego, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, Santa Barbara and Ventura counties.

In East County, the so-called Harris fire had charred 20,000 acres in Potrero, leaving one civilian dead and at least 14 people ---- including four fighters ---- hospitalized. Further north, fires were burning in Malibu, San Fernando Valley, Fontana, Devore, Arrowhead and other areas, threatening homes and charring thousands of acres.

The Ramona-area fire turned into a wall of flames nearly instantly after it started just before 1 p.m. near Witch Creek Road. Within hours, 40 to 50 mph winds had whipped the blaze across 3,000 acres as it leapfrogged across Highway 78 in several places, fire officials said. At least 350 firefighters were working the fire lines Sunday in an effort to protect structures and allow evacuations.

The cause of the fire was under investigation, fire officials said.

The flames spread into two flanks that descended on Ramona, said Battalion Chief Kelly Zombro, of the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection.

Flames surged westward between the areas charred by the 2003 Cedar fire, the 273,000-acre blaze that destroyed 2,400 homes and killed a firefighter and 14 other people. Sunday's flames, fed by gusts of up to 70 mph, were fueled by winds so strong that firefighting aircraft could not safely fly, Zombro said.

Thousands warned by phone

12/7/2007 10:57 AM

to

.: Print Version :. http://www.nctimes.com/articles/2007/10/22/news/top_stories/14_14_1...

As the fire spread, officials used the county's Reverse 911 system ---- which is used to call residents in an emergency ---- to advise thousands of people to evacuate the areas of Ramona, Ramona Country Estates, Black Canyon, Witch Creek and other areas, sheriff's Lt. Phil Brust said. There were more than 36,000 residents in Ramona, according to the latest population figures compiled by the San Diego Association of Governments.

By late Sunday, parts of the San Pasqual Valley was evacuated and Poway residents were placed on alert.

Evacuation centers were set up at Escondido High School, 1535 North Broadway; and Steele Canyon High School, 12440 Campo Road in Spring Valley. Poor air quality prompted officials Sunday night to move an evacuation center at Poway High School to Mira Mesa High School.

The centers, set up by the American Red Cross, will remain open "as long as there is a need," spokeswoman Gayle Falkenthal said. Lodging, food, drinks and basic health services will be provided, she said.

An evacuation center set up at Escondido High School had more than 30 families by late evening, and authorities said they were anticipating up to 30 more families to show up during the night.

Adam Rosa said he and his parents evacuated their apartment on the east edge of Ramona at 8:30 p.m.

"The fire was right on the other side of the mountain from us when we left," he said. "Everything out there was all smoke and we couldn't breathe. When we were coming down the mountain we could see the mountain behind us."

Motels begin filling

Other families forced to evacuate their homes began trickling into area motels shortly after nightfall.

The front desk clerk at Motel 6 in Escondido said, for example, that by mid-evening four evacuating families had taken rooms at the 131-unit complex at 900 Quince Street.

"We're anticipating more as the evening goes on," the clerk said, adding that several members of one family told her they had to make several back-and-forth trips to rescue their animals because they only had one horse trailer. "It's pretty sad."

All schools in the Ramona and Poway Unified school districts were ordered closed today, as was the Palomar Mountain Elementary School and the Dehesa Charter School in Escondido.

Meanwhile, evacuation points for large animals and livestock were set up at the Lakeside rodeo grounds, at Highway 67 and Magnolia Avenue in Lakeside, and the Del Mar Fairgrounds said Tammy Glenn, public information officer for the county.

As the flames spread, local residents and state officials mounted an effort to rescue some of the hundreds of horses that live in rural ranches in the area.

Desperate efforts to save horses

Earlier in the day, Ramona residents Haley Van Houten and Shelee Lyon moved four horses in separate trailers from the Sierra South Horseshoeing School on Old Julian Highway to a south Ramona ranch. They returned for another load of horses but were not allowed back in.

"I know they mean well, but they don't have horses," Van Houten said of the officials blocking their path. Meanwhile, Lyon damaged the front tires on her vehicle while attempting to get past a tack strip set in the roadway by California Highway Patrol officers manning a road closure.

A second shelter for pets and smaller animals was established by the Escondido Humane Society at Poway High School, authorities said. It was unclear Sunday night whether the shelter was moved.

Authorities said anyone looking for general information on animal services should call 211. For emergencies, they said people should call county animal services at (619) 767-2675.

Power cut to protect firefighters

As of Sunday night, utility crews had also shut down power to more than 1,000 customers in Ramona, Santa Ysabel,

12/7/2007 10:57 AM

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San Diego Country Estates, the La Jolla Reservation and Mesa Grande, San Diego Gas & Electric reported.

At least some of the outages were put in place so firefighters would not have to work around live powerlines, authorities said.

"It's just to make it safe for firefighters and our folks," said Don Parent, spokesman for the utility company. "As soon as we check and make sure it's safe, we'll re-energize them."

The county Air Pollution Control District alerted residents to high concentrations of fine particulates from the smoke, resulting in potentially poor air quality in areas affected by fire. Residents should limit physical activity or stay indoors to avoid exposure to smoke-laden air, authorities said.

The weather is expected to bring little relief today, as winds will be "pretty much the same," gusting at 50 mph during morning hours, 75 mph during the afternoon and slowing only to 55 mph at night, National Weather Service meteorologist Noel Isla said.

Building high pressure is creating humidity levels of less than 10 percent, and wind could blow smoke and sand, creating additional hazards for large vehicles.

Winds should weaken by Wednesday and temperatures should begin cooling by Thursday, the weather service reported.

Information on the fires is available at www.nctimes.com and www.sdcountyemergency.com. Residents can call 211 for non-emergency calls related to the fire. Cell phone calls should be directed to (858) 300-1211.

The Associated Press and staff writers Philip K. Ireland and Bob Masingale contributed to this report.

Contact staff writer Sarah Wilkins at (760) 740-3524 or swilkins@nctimes.com.

Roads closed because of Ramona-area wildfire include:

- Highway 78 at Magnolia Avenue

- Highway 78 at Rancho Santa Teresa

- Highway 79 at Highway 78

- Old Julian Highway at Vista Ramona Road

- Highway 79 at Highway 76

---- Source: California Highway Patrol, as of 10:45 p.m.

Contacts and updates:

24-hour Community, Health and Disaster Information: Dial 211

County General Information Line: (858) 694-3900

County Office of Emergency Services fire updates: www.sdcountyemergency.com

San Diego Gas & Electric Co.: www.sdge.com

California Highway Patrol traffic and road closure information: cad.chp.ca.gov

County Animal Services emergency information: (619) 767-2675

12/7/2007 10:57 AM

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HILLARY BORRUD

October 24, 2007 - 7:31PM VICTORVILLE — With smoke, ash and particulate matter from wildfires drifting through the Victor Valley on Wednesday, the Mojave Desert Air Quality Management District issued an ongoing health advisory.

Employees at the air district said that the advisory will remain in effect until further notice, and changing weather conditions will continue to bring smoke into the desert through at least today.

“I wouldn’t say it’s going to get any better,” air quality instrument technician Tony Malone said, referring to today’s forecast.

While the health advisory is in effect, people with respiratory diseases such as asthma and the elderly and young children should avoid strenuous activities, according to the MDAQMD.

Residents in areas downwind from the smoke, including Adelanto, Apple Valley, Hesperia, Lucerne Valley, Phelan and Victorville, should stay indoors when possible with the windows closed and air conditioners on the recycled air setting.

Fred Wohosky, who provides weather forecasts for the MDAQMD, said at noon Wednesday that the high pressure system in Colorado that has caused Santa Ana conditions in California would be breaking down over the next 12 to 18 hours, making winds more variable.

“It really has the potential for air quality to be diminished,” he said.

For updated information on air quality, call the MDAQMD at 245-1661, ext. 5067 or 245-1661 ext. 6717. Current health advisories are also at www.mdaqmd.ca.gov.

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Public Health October 25, 2007

Smoke From Wildfires Raising Health Concerns in Southern California

Smoke inhalation from California's wildfires is causing a spike in respiratory illnesses, but health experts maintain that the health problems are unlikely to lead to higher mortality rates, USA Today reports.

Researchers cited studies of previous wildfires in California and near Denver that found that residents experienced increases in asthma and other illnesses but that inhaling smoke did not increase the mortality rates over the short-term (Sternberg, USA Today, 10/25).

Meanwhile, public health officials and medical providers are recommending that elderly residents and people with respiratory problems stay indoors to limit the amount of smoke inhalation.

Health experts contend that particulate matter is the most dangerous byproduct of wildfires because it is invisible to the naked eye and can worsen symptoms of asthma, bronchitis and emphysema (Chang, AP/Salt Lake City Deseret Morning News, 10/24).

The effect of breathing the particles is not immediate, but several hospitals in San Diego County already have reported an increase in patients with respiratory symptoms.

Smita Desai, pulmonary and critical-care specialist at UC-San Diego Medical Center in Hillcrest, said cellular research of particulate matter has found a "tiny risk of increased cancer risk" but noted that further research is needed to better determine the long-term consequences (Clark, San Diego Union-Tribune, 10/25).

Broadcast Coverage

NPR's "All Things Considered" on Wednesday included a discussion with NPR correspondent Carrie Kahn about conditions for nursing home residents evacuated to Qualcomm Stadium in San Diego.

The segment also includes comments from a nursing home resident and a volunteer (Norris, "All Things Considered," NPR, 10/24).

Audio of the segment and expanded NPR coverage are available online.

Readers are invited to send feedback to: chl@chcf.org

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