datesession #activitypage # 11/7,103earth’s interior review4 continental drift5 plate tectonics6...
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Date Session # Activity Page #11/7,10 3 Earth’s Interior Review 4
Continental Drift 5
Plate Tectonics 6
11/12-13 4 Subduction 6
Plate Boundary Summary 6
Plate Boundary Map 7
Earth’s future quick write 8
Homework:Read 22A-28A ?’s 3,5 on 28ARead 30A-36A ?’s 1-4 on p41A
Warm up -- tape diagram to page 7 of notebookLabel: convergent oceanic-oceanic boundary, convergent oceanic-continental boundary, divergent boundary, mid-ocean ridge, coastal volcanic mountains, island arc, convection currents
Oceanic crust
Oceanic crust
Oceanic crustContinental crust
Essential Standard
8.E.2 Understand the history of Earth and its life forms based on evidence of change recorded in fossil records and landforms.
8.E.2.2 Explain the use of fossils, ice cores, composition of sedimentary rocks, faults, and igneous rock formations found in rock layers as evidence of the history of the Earth and its changing life forms
Obj: TLW describe the evidence supporting the theory of continental drift by completing organizers using information from lecture, video, and demonstrations, then explain in a quick write why the circumference of the earth isn’t getting larger.
Earth’s Interior Structure p4
Earth’s Interior Structure p4
Continental Drift
p5
Wegener’s EvidenceWegener noticed that earth’s continents appeared to
fit together like a puzzle. He hypothesized that they were once joined as a single landmass – Pangaea
Evidence:1.Matching Fossils in S. America and W. Africa –
nowhere else in the world2.Climate: tropical plant fossils found in Greenland,
near the arctic circle, and Antarctica. South African rock formations show evidence of ice sheet scratches
3.Matching Rock Layers/Mountains in S. America match those in W. Africa. Appalachian Mtns have limestone similar to Scotland’s Highlands
Pangaea
Sea Floor SpreadingScientists mapping ocean floor found huge underwater
mountain ranges—Mid Ocean Ridges1. Ridges form along cracks in the crust. Molten rock
rises through crack, forms new crust, older material is pushed away from the crack. Crust created.
2. Drilling samples of sea floor reveal youngest rock is closed to the ridge, oldest is furthest. Oldest ocean floor is younger than continental crust.
3. Ocean trenches found far from ridges. Oceanic crust sinks under continental crust and melts into asthenosphere. Crust destroyed
Magnetic Reversals• Earth’s poles reverse every 200,000-300,00 years. • Minerals in magma rising through the mid ocean ridge
align themselves with earth’s magnetic pole.• As the rock cools, the minerals stay fixed in this position,
like a compass needle• The “stripes” of rock along the ocean floor record these
reversals and are symmetrical to the mid ocean ridge.
Demodescription
Plate Tectonics p6
Earth’s lithosphere is broken into huge plates that move over the surface of the Earth. The movement is due in large part to convection currents in the mantle’s asthenosphere.
• 1. Convergent• 2. Divergent • 3. Transform
TECTONIC PLATES
There are 3 types of
plate boundaries
TECTONIC PLATES• The Lithosphere broken into many
large and small slabs of rock called tectonic plates and where two plates meet, a lot of changes can occur.
• Key word: Divide
DIVERGENT
DIVERGENT
• What occurs at this boundary?– New Crust Forms– Mid-ocean ridges– Rift valleys– Volcanoes– Earthquakes
DIVERGENT
Divergent BoundaryAfrican Rift Valley
Divergent BoundaryMid Atlantic Ridge
•Key word: Collide
•3 types of convergent:(based on types of crust at the boundary)
–Continental-continental–Oceanic-oceanic–Oceanic- continental
CONVERGENT
CONVERGENT: CONTINENTAL-CONTINENTAL
•What occurs at this boundary?
–Folded mountains –Earthquakes
CONVERGENT: CONTINENTAL-CONTINENTAL
Zagros Mountains, Iran
Convergent BoundaryContinental Plate – Continental Plate
Himalayan Mountains
CONVERGENT: OCEANIC-OCEANIC
• What occurs at this boundary?–Deep-ocean
trenches– Subduction zone– Volcanic island
arcs– Earthquakes
CONVERGENT: OCEANIC-OCEANIC
Aleutian Islands (Alaska)
Japan
CONVERGENT: OCEANIC- CONTINENTAL
• What occurs at this boundary?
• Deep-ocean trenches• Subduction zone• Coastal volcanic mountains• Earthquakes
CONVERGENT: OCEANIC- CONTINENTAL
Andes MountainsSouth America
• When one plate sinks under another plate
CAN ONLY HAPPEN when an oceanic plate is involved…
• Continental & oceanic plate collide = oceanic plate ALWAYS sinks because it is more DENSE.
• Oceanic & oceanic plate collide = the older more dense plate sinks!
SUBDUCTION?What is
Subduction?
• Key word: Slide
TRANSFORM
TRANSFORM
• What occurs at this boundary?
•Faults•Earthquakes
TRANSFORM
Transform BoundarySan Andreas Fault California
Transform BoundarySan Andreas Fault California
Transform BoundarySan Andreas Fault California
• http://www.sepuplhs.org/middle/iaes/students/simulations/SEPUP_Plate_simulation.swf
PLATE MOTION SIMULATION
Then there are Hot Spots
• Usually located far from plate boundaries• Created when a plume of magma rises and
melts the crust above it. • As the plate moves, the hot spot stays,
creating a series of volcanic islands or volcanoes
• Examples: Hawaiian Islands, Yellowstone
Screen, shaving cream example
Demo, add description to notes
Plate boundary interactions
Sea Floor Spreading Lab
Read the directionsComplete the activityAnswer questions completely
On pg. 7 of your IN….Using the plate boundary map 1. Create a color coded key for each type of plate boundary2. Find and color a segment of each of the three types of convergent
boundaries on the map, label with type (o-o, o-c, cc) and land form 3. Find and color a segment of a divergent boundary on your map,
label land form created. (If you can find two divergent boundaries, one on land and one beneath the sea…even better!)
4. Find and color a segment of a transform boundary on your map5. Find and color a hot spot
Map Reading
Convergent Boundary: Divergent Boundary continental – continental (c-c) Transform Boundarycontinental – oceanic (c-o)oceanic – oceanic (o-o) Hot Spot
• Billions of years in the future, Earth’s core will have completely cooled. How will this affect earth’s surface?