David Lloyd-George [Great Britain]

Orlando [Italy]

Georges Clemenceau [France]

Woodrow Wilson [USA]

THE TERMS OF THE TREATY OF

VERSAILLES1919

WAR GUILT CLAUSE

GERMAN NATIONAL TERRITORY

GERMANY’S MILITARY FORCES REDUCED

GERMAN OVERSEAS TERRITORRIES

NO UNION WITH AUSTRIA

REPARATIONS

Germany had to accept blame for starting WW1

- Army restricted to 100,000 men.

- No modern weapons such as tanks, military air force.

- Navy could not have battle ships over 10,000 tons and no U-Boats.

- Germany lost national territory which was given to Belgium and Denmark, most went to Poland.

Germany lost Chinese ports [Amoy and Tsingtao], Pacific Islands, and African colonies [Tanganika and German SW Africa].

RHINELAND TO BE DE-MILITARISED

Germany forced to pay massive fine for war damages – 30+billion over 30 years

The Treaty was designed to cripple Germany militarily, territorially and economically

1914--------------------1919

The Great War was to see the collapse of four continental empires. These were to be replaced by new nation states.

‘Perhaps it would gee-up better if we let it touch earth.’

A British newspaper cartoon, by David Low.

Briand, French Prime Minister

SOURCE WORK: 1) First, describe the storyline shown in the cartoon. 2) Then, relate the political message intended by the cartoonist – what does the horse represent, what does the cart represent, why is it stuck in the air, who are the two men, why is one carrying a whip and one a shovel – what is the political message ?

Lloyd-George, British Prime Minister

What is this referring to?

What does the horse represent?

Why is the cart up-ended?

What is meant by the caption?

Why is Lloyd-George holding a shovel?

Why is Briand holding a whip?

Why is a shovel left here?

‘Perhaps it would gee-up better if we let it touch earth.’

THE FINISHING TOUCH

1. Describe the scene shown, what is the storyline?

2. Then, assess the individual features in the cartoon.

3. Then, identify the political message intended by the cartoonist.

‘Who’ / or, ‘what’ is the man representing?

What does the plank represent

What is being represented by the ‘hand’?

What is the political message of this cartoon?

Name the people emerging from the building.

What does the building represent?

What is meant by this comment?

Why is the ‘child’ weeping, and what is meant by ‘1940’?

Source 3Is there any use of bias in this political cartoon?

Vengeance! German Nation

Today in the Hall of Mirrors of Versailles the disgraceful Treaty is being signed. Do not forget it! The German people will with unceasing labour press forward to reconquer the place among nations to which it is entitled. Then will come the vengeance for the shame of 1919.

From the ‘Deutsche Zeitung’ [‘The German Express’] newspaper.

Only fools, liars and criminals could hope for mercy from the enemy. In these nights hatred grew in me, hatred for those responsible for the dead.

By Adolf Hitler, who had served in the army and became a future leader of Germany

Ticket out the Door: What message do these two quotes convey to the reader? What might happen as a result of the failures of the Treaty of Versailles?