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Formal Par)cle Theory David Tong University of Cambridge Birmingham, September 2012

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Page 1: David’Tong’ University’of’Cambridge’ · Formal’Par)cle’Theory’ David’Tong’ University’of’Cambridge’ Birmingham,’September’2012’’

Formal  Par)cle  Theory  

David  Tong  University  of  Cambridge  

Birmingham,  September  2012    

Page 2: David’Tong’ University’of’Cambridge’ · Formal’Par)cle’Theory’ David’Tong’ University’of’Cambridge’ Birmingham,’September’2012’’

Formal  Theory  in  the  UK  

•  Extraordinary  Tradi)on  

•  Enormous  contribu)ons  to  Standard  Model,  String  Theory,  Supersymmetry,  Black  Holes,  Duali)es…  

Page 3: David’Tong’ University’of’Cambridge’ · Formal’Par)cle’Theory’ David’Tong’ University’of’Cambridge’ Birmingham,’September’2012’’

Formal  Theory  in  the  UK  Today  

•  Vibrant  community  working  on  diverse  fundamental  ques)ons.  

•  In  the  past  two  years,  7  ERC  star)ng  grants  won  by  UK-­‐based  scien)sts  in  fundamental  theory.    

•  ASrac)ng  very  top  young  interna)onal  talent.  

 

“The  UK  con+nues  to  have  world-­‐class  research  programmes  in  several  of  the  more  mathema+cal  areas  of  theore+cal  physics,  including  general  rela+vity,  cosmology,  string  theory”            

 Interna)onal  review  of  mathema)cal  sciences,  2010    

Page 4: David’Tong’ University’of’Cambridge’ · Formal’Par)cle’Theory’ David’Tong’ University’of’Cambridge’ Birmingham,’September’2012’’

The  Diverse  Landscape  of  Theory  

What  we  actually  do  

Page 5: David’Tong’ University’of’Cambridge’ · Formal’Par)cle’Theory’ David’Tong’ University’of’Cambridge’ Birmingham,’September’2012’’

Understanding  Quantum  Field  Theory  

Important  Ques)ons  

•  What  is  the  mechanism  for  confinement?  •  Phases  of  gauge  theories?  •  Spectrum  of  gauge  theories?  

   

•  Exact  results  in  strongly  interac)ng  theories    •  Supersymmetry,  Integrability,  Solitons  

•  Major  implica)ons  in  mathema)cs    •  Mirror  symmetry  

   

Important  Results  

Page 6: David’Tong’ University’of’Cambridge’ · Formal’Par)cle’Theory’ David’Tong’ University’of’Cambridge’ Birmingham,’September’2012’’

ScaSering  Amplitudes  Important  Ques)ons  

•  What  is  the  mathema)cal  structure                underlying  amplitudes?  •  How  do  we  efficiently  calculate  them?    

•  Twistors  +  Unitarity  •  Higher  order  QCD  calcula)ons  (BlackHat)  

Important  Results  

Page 7: David’Tong’ University’of’Cambridge’ · Formal’Par)cle’Theory’ David’Tong’ University’of’Cambridge’ Birmingham,’September’2012’’

Gauge  Theory  is  Gravity  

•  Toy  model  for  quark-­‐gluon  plasma  •  Einstein  equa)ons  =  Navier-­‐Stokes  equa)ons.  

•  “Fluid/Gravity  Correspondence”  •  Applica)ons  beyond  par)cle  physics  to  condensed  maSer  

AdS/CFT  Correspondence  

A  new  tool  to  understand  strongly    interac)ng  field  theories    

Important  Results  

Page 8: David’Tong’ University’of’Cambridge’ · Formal’Par)cle’Theory’ David’Tong’ University’of’Cambridge’ Birmingham,’September’2012’’

Quantum  Gravity  Important  Ques)ons  

“Bagger,  Lambert  and  Gustavsson  –  of  course!  BLG  was  not  a  sandwich  –  and  their  Lagrangian  descrip+on  of  M2-­‐branes”    

•  Black  holes:  microstates,  informa)on  loss  •  Ini)al  singularity  of  big  bang  •  Entropy  of  de  SiSer  space  •  Is  the  Universe  a  hologram?  •  What  is  string  theory?    

Ian  McEwan,  Solar  

Important  Results  

Page 9: David’Tong’ University’of’Cambridge’ · Formal’Par)cle’Theory’ David’Tong’ University’of’Cambridge’ Birmingham,’September’2012’’

Par)cle  Cosmology  Important  Ques)ons  

•  Early  Universe  infla)on  •  What  is  dark  maSer?  •  What  the  hell  is  dark  energy?  •  PLANCK  2013,  DES  (First  light  1  hour  ago)    

Important  Results  

•  Modified  theories  of  gravity  •  Cosmic  (super)strings  •  Models  of  infla)on  from  string  theory  •  Signatures  of  non-­‐Gaussianity  in  CMB    

Page 10: David’Tong’ University’of’Cambridge’ · Formal’Par)cle’Theory’ David’Tong’ University’of’Cambridge’ Birmingham,’September’2012’’

String  Phenomenology  

Important  Results  

Important  Ques)ons  

•  Naturalness  and  the  hierarchy  problem  •  Flavour,  masses  •  Novel  low  energy  physics  •  Susy  media)on  and  breaking  

•  …    

•  Controlled  string  construc)ons    •  String  inspired  spectacular  BSM  scenarios  

•  Black  holes  at  LHC?      

Page 11: David’Tong’ University’of’Cambridge’ · Formal’Par)cle’Theory’ David’Tong’ University’of’Cambridge’ Birmingham,’September’2012’’

Diverse  Landscape  of  Theory  

General  Rela)vity  

Fluid  Dynamics  

Cosmology  

Mathema)cs    

Condensed  maSer    

Quantum  Field  Theory,    

Par)cle  Physics    

Page 12: David’Tong’ University’of’Cambridge’ · Formal’Par)cle’Theory’ David’Tong’ University’of’Cambridge’ Birmingham,’September’2012’’

Community  Concerns  

EPSRC  

Page 13: David’Tong’ University’of’Cambridge’ · Formal’Par)cle’Theory’ David’Tong’ University’of’Cambridge’ Birmingham,’September’2012’’

Thank  You