day 2 i&m training 2011
DESCRIPTION
All about maintenance of stormwater best management practices.TRANSCRIPT
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Stormwater BMP MaintenanceImportance
• Maintain the function of the BMP• Maintain environmental and habitat
benefits• Maintain appearance-public acceptance• Prevent costly future repairs
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Developing a Maintenance StrategyFacility Inventory
• Obtain maintenance plan and design documents
• Visit the site to review conditions, access
• Contact the local governmental jurisdiction
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Developing a Maintenance Strategy Work Plan
• Review facility inventory• Review maintenance guides• Create a list of activities,
equipment needed and cost• Review plan with owner and local
governmental officials• Modify or create checklist and
record keeping procedures• Assign and educate personnel• Implementation and evaluation
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Regular InspectionsLocation
• Upstream Parking Lots & Paved Areas• Upstream Unpaved Areas• Forebays• Main Treatment Area• Storm Sewer Pipes and Structures
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Regular InspectionsFrequency
• Weekly during establishment period• Weekly/monthly after establishment period• Complete when doing regular site maintenance• Some inspections should occur during rainfall• Some inspections should occur 24 hours after rainfall
Weeds and invasive species a few months after planting
Immediately after planting
During rain eventAfter establishment period
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Regular InspectionsVisual Assessment
• Trash and debris• Sediment accumulation• Bare soil and erosion• Plant coverage• Plant health
Trash and debris
Sediment accumulation
Plant coverage
Erosion
Plant Health
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Regular InspectionsVisual Assessment
• Soil moisture and percolation• Weeds and invasive species• Animal and insect damage• Mulch condition
Weeds and invasive species
2 months after planting
Soil percolation
Animal damage Mulch
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Periodic InspectionsFrequency
• Annually or as needed• Increase frequency to monitor
identified potential problems• During storm events
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Periodic InspectionsVisual Assessment
• Storm sewer pipe and structure condition
• Dam, embankment, overflow weir condition
• Stormwater Flow
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Periodic InspectionsTesting and Surveys
• Soil testing• Soil profile• Stormwater flow• Detention volume• Water testing
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Regular Maintenance ProceduresSoil Stabilization
• Establishment Period• Management Period• Repairs
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Regular Maintenance ProceduresClean Up – Trash and Debris
• Location• Equipment• Frequency• Disposal
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Regular Maintenance ProceduresClean Up – Sediment Removal
• Location (Upstream, Forebay, Structures, Ponding & Treatment Area)
• Equipment• Method (Avoid heavy equipment
of select soils)• Frequency• Disposal• Amount (All or partial)
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Regular Maintenance ProceduresPlant Density
• Facility age• Plant loss• Season• Plant spacing
Year 1 Year 2
Year 4
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Regular Maintenance ProceduresInvasive Species Removal –General
• Importance• Frequency• Environmentally sensitive practices• Plant identification-use photo guides
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Regular Maintenance ProceduresInvasive Species Removal –By Hand
• Method• Frequency• Weed species knowledge• Clean Up (removal of Biomass)
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Regular Maintenance ProceduresInvasive Species Removal –Mowing
• Equipment• Method• Height• Frequency• Edging• Clean Up (removal of Biomass)
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Regular Maintenance ProceduresInvasive Species Removal –Edging & Trimming
• Purpose• Equipment• Method• Frequency• Clean Up (removal of
Biomass)
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Regular Maintenance ProceduresInvasive Species Removal –Burning
• Benefits• Local regulations• Method (Spot and Large Area)• Frequency
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Regular Maintenance ProceduresInvasive Species Removal –Chemical
• Integrated Chemical Management• Product Selection• Timing• Method/Application
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Regular Maintenance ProceduresInvasive Aquatic Species Removal
• Cattails• Reed Canary Grass• Algae
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Regular Maintenance ProceduresInvasive Woody Species Removal
• Location• Equipment• Method• Frequency
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Regular Maintenance ProceduresPlant Maintenance
• Aesthetic Goals• Frequency• Plant Characteristics• Watering• Replacements• Disease
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Regular Maintenance ProceduresSoil Amendments
• Type (Organic vs Inorganic• Composition• Frequency• Application Rate• Adjacent Areas
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Regular Maintenance ProceduresPest Management
• Animal damage• Insects
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Stormwater BMP MaintenanceResources
• APWA MARC Maunal of Best Management Practices for Stormwater Quality, Mid America Regional Council, August 2009
• “Maintaining Stormwater Systems: A Guidebook for Private Owners and Operators”, Northern Virginia Regional Commission, January 2007
• “Practically Easy Landscape Maintenance: A Care Manual for Natural Drainage Systems”, Seattle Public Utilities, 2005
• “Landscape Guide for Stormwater Best Management Practice Design”, Metropolitan St Louis Sewer District, 2009
• “A Citizen’s Guide to Maintaining Stormwater Best Management Practices”, Lake County Stormwater Management Commission, October 2004
• “Stormwater Wet Pond and Wetlands Management Guidebook”, EPA 833-B-09-001 February 2009
• Stormwater BMPs Selection, Maintenance & Monitoring, Gordon England and Stuart Stein, July 2007
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Stormwater BMP MaintenanceQuestions?
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Plant Maintenance for BMPsJason Dremsa- Applied Ecological Services
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Overview
• Updates to the BMP Manual Maintenance Tables
• First Year establishment Priorities• Second & Third Year Establishment Priorities• Continuing Maintenance Issues• Resources for Maintenance (BMP Manual)
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
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BMP Manual Maintenance Updates
Tables – Section 8Typical Maintenance Activities:• Rain Garden (8.1)• Bioretention Cell (8.4.6)• Extended Dry Detention Basin (8.12.6)
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
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Activity FrequencyEstablishment (1-3yrs)
Watering plants(seeded areas up to 8 weeks, plugs and container plants in drought)
1” per week as needed
Weed control(flail mow, string-trim, selective/preemerg herbicides, mechanical removal , foliar herbicide) Monthly
Remove litter and debris (trash, leaves, sand, mower discharge) Monthly
Monitor & repair erosion(stabilize soil, replace plants, secure edging) Monthly
Check for standing water(longer than design, any puddles, saturated soil) Monthly
Add mulch(moisture & weed control with plugs/containers, 3” or less) Annually
Inspect drainage area (parking lot sweeping, open dumpsters, etc) Annually
Replace dead plants(use design species/size: overseed, install deep cell plugs, maintain density) Annually, as needed
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
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Activity FrequencyEstablishment (3yrs+)
Vegetation cleanup (string-trim, spot spray, prescribed burn, prune) Annually, spring or fall
Evaluate plant composition(woody invasion, grass/flower ratio, “right plant right place”) Annually
Sediment removal, erosion control(pretreatment structures: forebay, check dams, swale) Annually
Address animal damage (beaver dams, muskrat burrows, deer rubs) Annually
Verify structural component function(v-notch weir, check dams, outlet protection, area inlet, valve or gate lube, underdrain, inflows) Annually
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
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Activity FrequencyNative Vegetation Swale
String trim vegetation to minimize disturbance Annually
Inspect for erosion in flow lines and slopes Annually
Bioretention cell
Evaluate soils for nutrients, physical make-up Annually
Fortify edging material/adjacent landscape beds Annually
Typical maintenance activities are outlined to provide a basis for scheduling and planning work but should not be considered wholly comprehensive or definitive. Activities and frequencies will vary depending on site conditions and expectations related to adjacent land use. Some activities shown may continue through the establishment and maintenance phases. It’s important to use adaptive management based on the goals of the practice and to integrate evaluation and assessment into a long-term maintenance plan.
• Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
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First Year/Establishment Priorities:
Erosion Control: • Rills• GulliesSheet Flow or Concentrated?
Annual Weeds: ID, removal, examples…
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
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First Year/Establishment Priorities:
Annual weeds – Definition: • Annual plants complete their life cycle in one
year.• A weed is a plant out of place.
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
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First Year/Establishment Priorities:
Removing Annual weeds• Annual weeds should be cut or broken off at
the base to limit soil disturbance; disturbance after planting can lead to erosion and more weeds.
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
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First Year/Establishment Priorities:Common Annual Weeds (in Johnson County/Kansas City)List:
• ANNUAL BROAD LEAF WEEDS :
• common sunflower• mares tail• giant ragweed• common ragweed• cocklebur• lambs quarter• prickly lettuce• pigweed• velvet leaf• hedge parsely
• ANNUAL GRASS WEEDS:
• fox tail (green, yellow, & giant)
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
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Annual Broad Leaf Weed Control :common sunflower Helianthus annuus
First Year/Establishment Priorities:
• Found in cultivated land, pastures, and BMPs
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
• 2 to 10 feet tall
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Annual Broad Leaf Weed Control :mares tail Conyza canadensis
First Year/Establishment Priorities:
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
• 1 to 6 feet tall
• Found in pastures, roadsides, and BMPs
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Annual Broad Leaf Weed Control :giant ragweed Ambrosia trifida
First Year/Establishment Priorities:
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
• 12 to 18 feet tall on fertile, moist soils; 4 to 8 feet in less fertile, drier areas
• Found mostly on fertile, moist soils, especially bottomlands
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Annual Broad Leaf Weed Control :common ragweed Ambrosia artemisiifolia
First Year/Establishment Priorities:
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
• Found in old pastures, BMPs, roadsides, and cultivated land
• 1 to 4 feet tall
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Annual Broad Leaf Weed Control :cocklebur Xanthium strumarium
First Year/Establishment Priorities:
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
• 2 to 4 feet tall
• Found in cultivated fields, abandoned land, poor pastures, and roadsides
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Annual Broad Leaf Weed Control :lambs quarter Chenopodium album
First Year/Establishment Priorities:
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
• 3 to 4 feet tall
• Found in cultivated crops
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Annual Broad Leaf Weed Control :prickly lettuce Lactuca serriola
First Year/Establishment Priorities:
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
• 2 to 6 feet tall
• Found in roadsides, fence rows, and BMPs
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Annual Broad Leaf Weed Control :pigweed Amaranthus retroflexus
First Year/Establishment Priorities:
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
• up to 6 feet tall
• Found in cultivated fields, yards, fence rows, and BMPs
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Annual Broad Leaf Weed Control :velvet leaf Abutilon theophrasti
First Year/Establishment Priorities:
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
• often 6 to 8 feet tall
• Found principally in soybean and corn fields but occasionally in gardens, and along fence rows
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Annual Broad Leaf Weed Control :hedge parsely
First Year/Establishment Priorities:
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
• 1-3 feet tall
• Found in BMPs, edges of woods, and low shady places
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Annual Grass Weed Control :fox tail (green, yellow, giant) Setaria spp.
First Year/Establishment Priorities:
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
• Typically 1 to 4 feet tall
• Found in cultivated crops, gardens, turf
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Second &Third Year/Establishment Priorities:
• Replacement Planting• Inlet, forebay, repair/cleaning, ?• On-going Erosion Problems?• Other Issues-hydrology?-photo of Blue Valley
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Second &Third Year/Establishment Priorities:
Biennial weeds– • A plant out of place that normally requires two
seasons to complete its life cycle, growing usually as a rosette in the first season and producing flowers and fruits and then dying in the second season.
Perennial weeds – • A plant out of place that lives for more than two
years, retuning from their root-stock; rather than seeding themselves as an annual plant does.
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Second &Third Year/Establishment Priorities:
• Removing Biennial weeds:Cut stalk before seed production, Pull (with out
disturbing soil) kill Rosette with herbicide. • Removing Perennial weeds:Spray with herbicide or Pull (with out disturbing
soil) and/or burn with prescribed fire (if permitted).
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Second &Third Year/Establishment Priorities:
Common Biennial & Perennial Weeds (in Johnson County/Kansas City)
List:• BIENNIAL WEEDS:• Queen Anne’s lace• musk thistle• Sweet clover?
• PERENNIAL WEEDS:• curly dock• red clover• white clover• field bind weed• johnsongrass -photo• sericea lezpedeza -
photo• reed canary grass
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
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Biennial Broad Leaf Weed Control :Queen Anne’s lace Daucus carota
Second & Third Year/Establishment Priorities:
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
• 1 to 3 feet tall
• Found in meadows, pastures, and roadsides; not in cultivated fields
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Biennial Broad Leaf Weed Control :musk thistle Carduus nutans
Second & Third Year/Establishment Priorities:
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
• Noxious Weed
• 3 to 6 feet tall
• Found in pastures, meadows, and BMPs
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Perennial Broad Leaf Weed Control :curley dock Rumex crispus
Second & Third Year/Establishment Priorities:
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
• 1 to 4 feet tall
• Found in pastures, roadsides, new hay fields, and BMPs
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Perennial Broad Leaf Weed Control :red clover Trifolium pratense
Second & Third Year/Establishment Priorities:
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
• 1 -3 feet tall
• Found in disturbed sites
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Perennial Broad Leaf Weed Control :white clover Trifolium repens
Second & Third Year/Establishment Priorities:
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
• Up to .5 feet tall
• Found in disturbed sites and lawns
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Perennial Broad Leaf Weed Control :field bind weed Convolvulus arvensis
Second & Third Year/Establishment Priorities:
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
• Noxious Weed
• 2 to 7 feet long, twining or spreading over ground
• Able to persist and spread in all noncultivated areas
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Perennial Broad Leaf Weed Control :serecia lezpedeza Lespedeza cuneata
Second & Third Year/Establishment Priorities:
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
• Noxious Weed
• 1 to 6 feet tall
• Found in disturbed prairies, pastures, and along road sides
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Perennial Grass Weed Control :reed canary grass Phalaris arundinacea
Second & Third Year/Establishment Priorities:
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
• Noxious weed
• 2-6 feet tall• Moderate
moisture, moist, to wet; shores, marshes
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Perennial Grass Weed Control :johngrass Sorghum holepense
Second & Third Year/Establishment Priorities:
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
• Noxious weed
• 1-1/2 to 6 feet or • more tall
• Found in overflow bottoms and disturbed sites
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Resources for Maintenance of Stormwater Management BMPs
• “Maintaining Stormwater Systems: A Guidebook for Private Owners and Operators”, Northern Virginia Regional Commission, January 2007
• “Practically Easy Landscape Maintenance: A Care Manual for Natural Drainage Systems”, Seattle Public Utilities, 2005
• “Landscape Guide for Stormwater Best Management Practice Design”, Metropolitan St Louis Sewer District, 2009
• “Georgia Stormwater Management Manual, Volume 2: Technical Handbook”, August 2001, Appendix E & F
• “Missouri Pond Handbook”, Missouri Dept of Conservation 2008
• “Aquatic Plants and Their Control”, Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service 2005
• “Horticulture Report: Buffalo Grass Lawns” (MF 658), Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extensive Service, Sept 2001
• “Stormwater Treatment: Assessment and Maintenance”, University of Minnesota, St Anthony Falls Laboratory 2010 (http://stormwaterbook.safl.umn.edu/)
• “Stormwater Wet Pond and Wetlands Management Guidebook”, EPA 833-B-09-001 February 2009
Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
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Installation and Maintenance of Stormwater Treatment BMPs Workshop, December 2011
Questions