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Evalua&ons of Smart Power Applica&ons at NREL
James Cale, Ph.D.
Manager, Distributed Energy Systems Integra;on (DESI) Group
Ben Kroposki, Ph.D., P.E. Director, Energy Systems Integra;on
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Layered Energy System Integra&on Capability
• Market Layer, responsible for addressing economic, op;miza;on, regulatory, financial, and policy aspects of the system and its environment.
• System Control Layer, responsible for the
system level concerns of security and reliability of a collec;on of connected devices interconnected to hos;ng infrastructures. This layer includes monitoring, system es;ma;on, energy network security assessment, etc.
• Cyber Layer, including communica;ons,
informa;on and computa;on plaLorms, necessary to support control applica;ons at the system level.
• Local Control Layer, consis;ng of the
electromechanical, electronic or soMware based modules necessary to control a single device (in the Device Layer) in a stand-‐alone manner.
• Device Layer, consis;ng of the physical energy devices that produce, consume, store or transport energy (e.g. high voltage wires, a wind turbine and generator, a baPery, a pipe, the power elements of a transformer, a refrigerator motor, or a dishwasher).
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NREL Smart Power Tes&ng Facili&es
• Energy Systems Integra&on Facility (ESIF)
– MW-‐scale tes;ng capability – Low (600V and under) and Medium
Voltage (15kV and under) outdoor tes;ng – Flexible connec;ons for electrical,
thermal, and fuel infrastructure
• Na&onal Wind Technology Center (NWTC)
– 7MVA hybrid microgrid tes;ng – Access to MW scale wind turbines – MV distribu;on system, fault tes;ng
• Distributed Energy Resources Test Facility (DERTF)
– Tes;ng microgrids up to 200kW – Grid simulators, load banks, actual wind
turbines and PV systems available
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Energy Systems Integra&on Facility Laboratories
Electrical Systems Laboratories 1. Power Systems Integra;on 2. Smart Power 3. Energy Storage 4. Electrical Characteriza;on 5. Energy Systems Integra;on
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Flexible Connec&ons and Opera&ons
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Equipment for Microgrid Tes&ng in ESIF
AC Grid Simulator • 1 MW, 600 V, 5 wire • Bi-‐direc;onal • Independent Phase Control
U&lity Connec&on • 600 V (250 or 1600 A bus) • 13.2 kV (Medium Voltage
Outdoor Test Area)
AC Grid Simulator
Photovoltaic Array Simulator • 1.5 MW, 1000 V • Emulate a variety of PV modules
under specific input condi;ons • Evalua;on using standards such
as EN50530
DC Power Supply
PV Array Simulator
• 500 kW, 900 V • Bi-‐direc;onal
AC
Load Banks • 1 MW, RLC, fine resolu;on steps
DC
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Power Hardware-‐in-‐the-‐Loop at ESIF
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Microgrid Tes&ng at NWTC (up to 7 MVA)
Adding a load bank in future will enable full microgrid tes&ng
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Thank You!!
James Cale, Ph.D. Manager, Distributed Energy Systems Integra;on
(303) 384-‐7923 [email protected]
Martha Symko-‐Davies, Ph.D.
Business Development Manager, ESI (303) 384-‐6528
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Infrastructure for Tes&ng at ESIF
Fuels Distribu&on Network • Hydrogen • Natural Gas • Diesel
Research Electrical Distribu&on Bus (MW) DC (+/-‐ 500 V) • 250 A • 1600 A
AC (600 V, 5 wire) • 250 A • 1600 A
Thermal Distribu&on Bus • Primary Chilled • Secondary Chilled • Heated
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ESIF Smart Power Laboratory (SPL) • Connec;on to 3 Smart Homes, smart u;lity meters, simulated
occupancy • Two environmental chambers • Grid simulator for full wave harmonics at power