DBNet Coordination Group Meeting

Dr. Ashim Kumar Mitra

Ministry of Earth Sciences India Meteorological Department

New Delhi-INDIA20-22 September 2016

Satellite Meteorology branch of IMD started in 1982 with the launch ofINSAT-1A which was a multipurpose satellite meant for services toMeteorology, Doordarshan and Communication. Before that Indianmeteorologists were using analog imageries received from U.S. Polarorbiting satellites series of TIROS-N.

Many satellites for meteorological purposes were launched after thelaunch of INSAT-1A as given below:INSAT-1A – 10 April 1982 Two Channel VHRRINSAT-1B – 30 Aug.,1983 INSAT-1C – 21 July 1988INSAT-1D – 12 June,1990INSAT-2A – 10 July, 1992INSAT-2B – 23 July,1993INSAT-2E – 03 April 1999 Three Channel VHRRKALPANA-1 – 12 Sept.2002INSAT-3A – 10 April 2003INSAT-3D- July 2013INSAT-3DR- September 2016

Currently at IMDIndian Geo stationary Meteorological satellites

At present the following three INSAT satellites are in operation Kalpana –1(METSAT) is a meteorological satellite which waslaunched in September 2002. It is located at 740 east. Formeteorological observation, METSAT carries a Very HighResolution Radiometer (VHRR) capable of imaging the Earth in thevisible, thermal infrared and water vapor bands. It also carries aData Relay Transponder (DRT) for collecting data from unattendedmeteorological platforms.INSAT-3A is a geostationary satellite which was launched in April2003. It is located at 93.50 east longitude in the geostationary orbit.INSAT-3A is the third satellite in the INSAT-3 series. INSAT-3A is amultipurpose satellite for providing telecommunications, televisionbroadcasting, meteorological (VHRR,CCD,DRT) and search &rescue services.INSAT-3D is India's advanced weather satellite and was launchedin the early hours of July 26, 2013 from Kourou, French Guiana, andhas successfully been placed in Geosynchronous orbit. It is adedicated meteorological satellite and carries four payloads:Imager (Six Channels),Sounder (Nineteen Channels),Data RelayTransponder(DRT) &Satellite Aided Search and Rescue (SAS & R)

To DP Systems

Patch panel (M) Patch panel (R)

Imagers /Sounder Rednt. Demod. 

VHRR(1)(2), CCD Rednt. Demod. 

Imager /Sounder Main Demod. 

VHRR(1)(2), CCD  Main Demod. 

N/W Switch 1

To DP Systems

DS 25  Server Main DS 25  Server  Rednt.

DR Server  for Archival

N/W Connection

AWS AIU(M)

AWS  AIU ( R )  

UPSA.C. POWER TO ALL UNITS

N/W Switch 2BS 

CIU

BS

CIU

BS

CIUBS

CIUBS

CIU

K1 VHRR

3A‐CCD

3A VHRR

3D IMG

3D SND

MAIN REDT

BS 

CIU

BS

CIU

BS

CIUBS

CIUBS

CIU

K1 VHRR

3A‐CCD

3A VHRR

3D IMG

3D SND

11 TB

SANEMC CX3‐80

Insat‐3D Sounder DPPR (4CPU)  Dell PE6850

Insat‐3D Imager DPPR           (4 CPU) Dell PE6850

Insat‐3A CCD DP System     (4 CPU) Dell PE6850

Insat 3A VHRR DPPR             (4 CPU) Dell PE6850

Kalpana‐1 VHRR DPPR (4CPU) Dell PE6850

Disk Tape Backup Library 11 TB EMC

DL 4100

Database System (2CPU) Dell PE2950

BW(2 Nos.) Print Phaser 5500

Color Printer Phaser 7400 (3 Nos)

INSAT‐3A CCD Application (2CPU)          HP xw6400

Image Analysis Server (2 CPU) Dell PE2950

15 Image Analysis Client SystemsHP xw6400

10 Remote Image Analysis Client Systems HP 6400

LAN Switch (24 Port) DX5024G

LAN Switch (24 Port) DX5024G

Tape LibraryTandberg 448

32P SAN Switch DS4100B

Automatic Weather Product Generation System (2 CPU) HP xw6400

IMD LAN Switch (24 Port) DX5024G

SDUC

DMDD

Internet Server

SIDS(M)

Data Dissemination Server (2 CPU) HP xw6400

32P SAN SwitchDS4100B

DR LAN SW

GIS Server (2 CPU)               HP xw6400

PMMS (2 CPU)                      HP xw6400

IMD LAN Switch GTS

Meteosat

Radar

11 TBArchive SANEMC

CX3-40

UPS Power-one (M)

NAS Gateway              EMC NS80G

HSM Server (2 CPU)Dell PE2900

Backup Server 2 CPU Dell PE2900

UPS Power-one (R)

DP LAN Switch (48 Port) DX5048G(1) DX5048G(2) DX5048G(3)ADPS (Ancillary)

(2 CPU) HP xw6400

SIDS(R)

25 SIDS Display (3 Larger)

DR  RF Antenna, BS MCF

DAQLS(CS, BS, CIU)             

6 Chains

IMDPS Systems

LCD TVs

DDS –Image server

SIDS hardware

Antenna for DD-News channel – DD-DTH

Image analysis WS – adding

annotation & symbols

Network cables and associated hardware

Head-end systems at SATMET building

IMDPS System Diagram

Ext‐C Band (Downlink)

2.4 kbps

Receiving Earth Station

RS 232

DP System

INSAT

UHF (Uplink)

AWS‐ISRO

4.8 kbps

AIU (AWS Interface Unit) (M & R)

AWSDS

(AWS Data  Simulator)

RF‐ Section

DATABASE DPPR System

AWSDRS

WMOFORMAT

TCP/IP

ISRO FormatIMD Format

(402.75 MHz)

(4504.2 MHz)

Burs Demodulator

Low Noise Block Conv

L- band Down Conv

Power Divider

Low Noise Block Conv

L‐ band Down Conv

Power Divider

Burst Demodulator

NEW MCF CHAIN EXISTING IMD CHAIN

HPDS25

TCP/IP

AWSDRS REMOTE USER

DAQLS

DPPR SIDS

AWS

VIS (0.55-0.75µm) SWIR(1.55-1.70µm) MIR(3.80-4.00µm)

WV(6.50-7.10µm) TIR-1(10.30-11.30µm) TIR-2(11.50-12.50µm)

INSAT-3D Imager Standard Products (L1B) viewed on 27 APR 2014 at 0600 UTC

Geo‐Physical Parameters1 Outgoing long wave radiations L2B/L3B OLR HDF Per Pixel(Half hourly ,Daily, 

Weekly, Monthly and Yearly) WV, TIR‐1, TIR ‐2

2 Rainfall using Hydro Estimator L2B/L3B HEM HDF Per Pixel(Half hourly ,Daily, Weekly, Monthly and Yearly )

TIR‐1, TIR‐ 2

3 FOG L2C/L3C FOG HDF Per Pixel(Half hourly ,Daily, Weekly, Monthly and Yearly )

SWIR, MIR, TIR‐1, TIR‐2

4 SNOW L2C/L3C SNW HDF Per Pixel(Half hourly ,Daily, Weekly, Monthly and Yearly )

VIS, SWIR, TIR – 1, TIR –2

5 Cloud Mask L2B/L3B CMK HDF Per Pixel(Half hourly ,Daily, Weekly, Monthly and Yearly) 

MIR, TIR‐1, TIR‐2

6 Upper Troposphere Humidity L2B/L3B UTH HDF Per Pixel(Half hourly ,Daily, Weekly, Monthly and Yearly )

WV, TIR‐1, TIR –2

7 Sea Surface Temperature L2B/L3B SST HDF Per Pixel(Half hourly ,Daily, Weekly, Monthly and Yearly )

MIR,TIR ‐1,TIR ‐2

8 Land Surface Temperature L2B/L3B LST HDF Per Pixel(Half hourly ,Daily, Weekly & Monthly ) 

TIR ‐1,TIR ‐2

9 INSOLATION L2B/L3B INS HDF Per Pixel(Half hourly ,Daily, Weekly, Monthly and Yearly )

TIR ‐1,TIR ‐2

INSAT-3D Imager Products types and formats .

Geo‐Physical Parameters (Point)1 FIRE L2P FIR KML Point MIR , TIR ‐12 SMOKE L2P SMK KML Point VIS, MIR, TIR 1,

TIR –23 Atmospheric Motion 

Vectors(VIS/MIR, TIR, WV)L2P AMV HDF (Point) VIS, TIR‐1, TIR –2 & 

WVGeo‐Physical Parameters (Gridded)1 INSAT Multi‐Spectral 

Rainfall Algorithm (IMSRA)

L2G IMR HDF 0.1 deg x0.1 deg (Half hourly ,Daily, Weekly & Monthly )

TIR‐1, TIR‐ 2

2 Quantitative Precipitation Estimation

L2G QPE HDF 1 deg x 1 deg (Half hourly ,Daily, Weekly & Monthly ) 

TIR‐1, TIR‐ 2

3 Aerosol Optical Depth L2G AOD HDF 0.1 deg x 0.1 deg VIS, TIR –1, TIR ‐2

INSAT-3D Imager Products types and formats Cont .

OLR SST UTH

INSAT-3D Imager Geo-Physical Parameters (L2) viewed on 27 APR 2014 at 0600

AOD CMK Smoke

S.No. Parameter Data Input

1. Temperature, Humidity profile and Ozone

Brightness temperatures for 18 Sounder Channel and grey count for channel 19

2. Geo-potential Height Sounder retrieved temperature and humidity profiles at 40 pressure levels

3. Layer Perceptible Water Retrieved humidity at standard pressure levels

4. Total Perceptible Water Retrieved humidity at standard pressure levels

5. Lifted Index Sounder retrieved temperature and humidity profiles at standard pressure levels

6. Dry Microburst Index Sounder retrieved temperature and humidity profiles at standard pressure levels

7. Maximum Vertical Theta-E Differential

Sounder retrieved temperature and humidity profiles at standard pressure levels

8. Wind Index Geo- potential Height and retrieved temperature and humidity profiles at standard pressure levels

Geophysical parameters from Sounder

Hourly (Five times Region-A and sixth times region-B)

INSAT-3D Sounder Observations

Output Parameter Resolution Expected Accuracy

Temperature profile 30 km x 30 km (3 x 3 Pixels) 30-vertical pressure levels* 1 - 2 °C Water vapour profile 30 km x 30 km (3 x 3 Pixels) 21-vertical pressure levels upto 100 hPa ~30% Ozone profile 30 km x 30 km (3 x 3 pixels) 40 vertical pressure levels Total Column Ozone 30 km x 30 km (3 x 3 pixels) ~ 5-10 % Dob unit Surface skin temperature 30 km x 30 km (3x 3 pixels) ~ 0.5 –1 °C Algorithm has option for retrieved at 30 km (3 x 3 pixels) and 10 km resolution (each

pixel). Vertical Pressure Levels (40) in hPa : 1000, 950, 920, 850, 750, 700, 670, 620, 570, 500, 475, 430, 400, 350, 300, 250, 200, 150,

135, 115, 100, 85,70,60, 50, 30, 25, 20, 15, 10, 7, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1.5, 1, 0.5, 0.2, 0.1

Provision of generation of Tphi gram for 105 locations is under development

Details of Volume of data generated in IMDPS

MODIFIED DATA – ARCHIVAL SCHEMESatellite wise and type of data (Raw, HDF, JPG) data is being archived sequentially onLinear Tape Object (LTO) mounted on Tape Library in following three categories :

• RAWDATA• HDF Files (Level-1, Leval-2 & Leval-3 Data)• Channels &Products IMAGES(jpg & png)

Type of Data Destination of DisseminationBufr Data Kalpana‐1:IUCN40_DEMS      IRIUCN41_DEMS      WVIUCN42_DEMS      VIS3D‐IMAGER:IUCN43_DEMS      IRWIUCN44_DEMS      VSW           IUCN45_DEMS      WVWIUCN46_DEMS      MRW         

GTS

Rawdata : 3AVHRR3ACCD

SAC

HDF Data : 3DIMG_L1B_STD3DSND_L1B_SA1.h53DSND_L2B_SA1.h5 

NCMRWF (half hrly.)

HDF Data : 3DIMG_L1B_STD3DSND_L1B_SA1.h53DSND_L2B_SA1.h5

NOAA (3hrly.)

No. of  IMD AWS Stations 160

No. SAC AWS Stations 672

National/ International Exchange of Data

AWS Data of ISRO/ IMD Network received/Archived at IMDPS New Delhi

Recently Launched INSAT ‐ 3DR (8 September)/ INSAT‐3DSAdvanced weather satellite of India configured with improved ImagingSystem and Atmospheric Sounder

6 ChannelSpectral Bands (µm) VisibleShort Wave Infra Red Mid Wave Infra Red Water Vapour Thermal Infra Red – 1Thermal Infra Red – 2

IMAGER•

::::

0.551.553.706.50

‐‐‐‐‐‐

0.751.703.957.1011.30

12.50

: 10.30: 11.30

• Resolution : 1 km for Vis & SWIR4 km for MIR & TIR8 km for WV

19 Channel SOUNDERSpectral Bands (µm)•

Short Wave Infra RedMid Wave Infra Red Long Wave Infra Red VisibleResolution (km)

:::::

Six bandsFive Bands Seven Bands One Band10 X 10 for all bands4 sounding per band

•

• No of simultaneous :

Agency, version?,  Date 2014? [update filed in the slide master]

al,• Multi-spectrmulti-resolution imagerFull or part of the earth disk from Geosynchronou s orbit.

Payloads:1. High resolution multi‐spectral VNIR (HRMX‐VNIR):

•Bands: B1 (0.45 mm – 0.52 mm)B2 (0.52 mm – 0.59 mm)B3 (0.62 mm – 0.68 mm)B4 (0.71 mm – 0.74 mm)B5 (0.77 mm – 0.86 mm)B6 (0.845 mm – 0.875 mm)

50m Res.

2. Hyper spectral VNIR:No. of Bands

Resolution : 320 m: 60 bands in range 0.4 mm to 0.87 mm Frequent

Monitoring of Coastal &

Ocean Parameters

3. Hyper spectral SWIR (HyS‐SWIR):No. of Bands

Resolution : 192m: 150 bands in range 0.9 mm to 2.5 mm

4. High resolution Multi‐spectral (HRMX‐TIR):

TIR6 (13 mm – 13.5 mm)

Bands:        TIR1 (7.1 mm – 7.6 mm)TIR2 (8.3 mm – 8.7 mm)TIR3 (9.4 mm – 9.8 mm)                       1.5 km Res.TIR4 (10.3 mm – 11.3 mm) TIR5 (11.5 mm – 12.5 mm)

FUTURE GEO Imaging SATELLITES: (GISAT)

GNSS Data Processing Center• 25 Stations were Installed.• The IMD GNSS network likely to be operational from the

month November 2016 onwards. • IMD is also in the process of share and exchange data with

MoES, INCOIS, NGRI and other research institutes. • In next one year, IMD will get data from 25 to 30 stations

which are under various other institutes.• Assimilation of GNSS PW data along with Met data in NWP

in next 6 months.• As proposed in the vision 2020, in the next five year IMD may

expand the GNSS network by addition of 100 more stations.

GNSS network

The Processing System of NOAA/METOP/MODIS

satellitesat

IMD

India Meteorological Department has procuredand installed three ground receiving andprocessing systems for NOAA/METOP andMODIS satellites for New Delhi, Chennai andGuwahati.

It is a high end tracking antenna subsystem withradome following the EUMETSATrecommendation for METOP and also for NOAA(USA) and Chinese Polar Orbiting satellitesalong with a real time reception and processingof MODIS data and derivation of quantitativeproducts.

The NOAA/METOP/MODIS ground station is a high-performance, dual X- and L-band system that tracks,receives and processes data from the NASA Terra andAqua satellites, and the US NOAA, EUMETSAT MetOpsatellites

Level-2 science products are derived from theTerra/Aqua MODIS, NOAA/MetOp AVHRR and ATOVSpayloads.

Up-to-date Two-Line Elements (TLEs) and otherancillary data is required for the correct operation ofthis system. The site administrator is responsible forproviding and maintaining a reliable internetconnection so this data can be updated automatically.

In addition to above, a website has been developed

for New Delhi/Chennai and Guwahati for putting all

images and products from this system along with

archive of each for one month on the website.

The website has provision to display the products/

images from the processing systems already

installed in Sat. Met. Division i.e. the website have

the capability of expansion. The system shall be

able to receive the Polar orbiting satellites in future

for next 7 years

Satellites acquired

The NOAA/METOP/MODIS ground station is ahigh-performance, dual X- and L-bandsystem that tracks, receives and processesdata from the

NASA Terra and Aqua satellites,NOAA (18/19),EUMETSAT MetOp satellites(MetopA and B)NPP/CriS has started (passes are less)

Software and Hardware Descriptions of the existing systems

Overall System installation: AWS1Controls antenna *receives data from all satellites •forwards data (sendData): TERRA/AQUA to delhi-dps1, delhi-display1 NOAA/METOP/(FY1) to delhi-dps2, delhi-dps1 NPP to delhi-dps2AWS2In standby mode, receives data, but data is not been sent to processing workstations.DPS1processes MODIS (TERRA/AQUA) sends image products to display workstations and web serverDPS2processes NPP and NOAA/METOP sends image products to display workstations and web server

•Redhat Enterprise Linux 6.1-64 bit •SATRAX800v1.1 •POESAT500v2.9 •SATKITv.2.2 •METEOR •IDL6.4

Contd…..

• Acquisition Workstation. Houses thereceiver and pre-processes the raw data.This pre-processed data is automaticallytransferred to the Data ProcessingWorkstation for image generation;

• Data Processing Workstation. Receivespre-processed data from the AcquisitionWorkstation and produces final imageproducts according to user-definedsetups. These final image products areautomatically transferred to the DisplayWorkstations; and• One or more Display Workstations.Each Display Workstation runs thesoftware METEOR product for the displayand analysis of satellite imagery. Allimage products are transferredautomatically to these machines from theData Processing Workstation.

System Configuration

Orbital Display

Setup

Receiving Console

SERVERS HARDWARE DISCRIPTION

Radome Antenna system (Mount, Disk, and Antenna control unit) Mount configuration X/Y

Antenna diameter 2.4mPointing accuracy 0.05 degWind loading (operational) 120 km/hrWind loading (survival) 200 km/hrSlew rate > 5 deg/secEnvironmental IP65Mains supply 110/220/240 ACTemperature range -10 to 50 degrees CPower module ,GPS integrated into antenna,Serial surge protection ,RF surge protection

Dual-band feed, LNA, downconverter X Band:Input Frequency: 7.7-8.3GHzOutput Frequency: 140MHzBandwidth: 20MHzConversion gain: 5dBNoise Figure: 10dBInput Connector: SMAf)Output Connector: N-typef)DC Supply: +15V at 50mA

L-Band:Input Frequency: 1687-1707MHzOutput Frequency: 140MHzBandwidth: 15MHzConversion gain: >30dBNoise Figure: <2dBInput Connector: SMAf)Output Connector: SMBm)DC Supply: 12V to 15V at 210mA

List of Equipment of Antenna control System and Data acquisition system

STORAGE DEVICE NAME HARDWARE DISCRIPTIONData processing system With monitor and keyboard

Make-Dell

Model No-DELL Precision T3500

CPU: 4-core 2.5GHz,. RAM: 4GB, Hard disk: 2 x 500GB,Monitor: 22” LCD,Make-Dell

Operating System - Redhat Enterprise Linux (64-bit)

Application S/W:

SATRAX800POESAT500SATRAXModapps SATKITv2 CSPP CSPP_UW_HSRT CSPP_VIIRS_EDRMETEORv3

Display workstation with

monitor and keyboard

Make-Dell

Model No-DELL Precision T3500

CPU: 4-core 2.5GHz,

RAM: 4GB,Hard disk: 2 x 500GB,Monitor: 22” LCD, Make-DellOperating System - Redhat Enterprise Linux (64-bit)

Application S/W:

SATRAX800POESAT500SATRAXModapps SATKITv2 CSPP CSPP_UW_HSRT CSPP_VIIRS_EDRMETEORv3

Web server with

monitor and keyboard

CPU: 4-core 2.5GHz,RAM: 4GB,Hard disk: 2 x 1500GB,Monitor: 22” LCD,Make-DellOperating System - Redhat Enterprise Linux (64-bit)

ApplicationS/W:SATRAX800V1.1POESAT500V2.9

SATKITV2.2METEOR v3.32

UPS with battery bank Make- APC, Model Number: RS1500,1.5 KVA

List of Equipment of Data Processing, Display and Dissemination system

Geophysical Products derived from NOAA/MODIS/METOP

• Atmospheric temperature profile• Atmospheric water vapour profile• Surface emmissivity• Surface Temperature• Fractional cloud cover• Cloud Top Temperature• Cloud Top Pressure• Tropopause height• Cloud Liquid Water Content• Total Column Precipitable Water• Cloud Type (including Fog)• Total Ozone from GOME• Total Ozone from HIRS• Ozone Profiles• Land Surface Temperature• Sea Surface Temperature• Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)• Fog detection

MODIS Level 2 geophysical products (Terra and Aqua) MODIS cloud mask (MOD35) MODIS cloud top properties (MOD06CT) MODIS atmospheric profiles, precipitable water and stability indices (MOD07) MODIS aerosol product (MOD04) MODIS Sea Surface Temperatures (IMAPP product) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)Enhance Vegetation Index (EVI)Land Surface Temperature (LST)

T Profile q Profile

Websites Chennai

http://59.90.246.144/

Data Formats

Guwahatihttp://14.139.223.22/

Latest operations statistics from IMDTransmet System

Decoding

Monitoring IMD DBNet from NCMRWF

Feedback from NWP group

Courtesy: Swati Basu

It is found that India Meteorological Department's (IMD) Chennai andDelhi HRPT stations are very useful in filling data void regions inAsia-pacific RARS. (NCMRWF)

Issues and plans

-Maintenance Contract is under process and will be soon

(New Delhi) operationalized.

- Guwahati data dissemination (Antenna controller problem)is under process

(Nov.16)

-Display/Retrieval of Global DBNet data for NWP Group

(websites or FTPs)

- Need software expertise to upgrade/install CSPP in future

-Ready to contribute INSAT-3D/3DR sounder data to DBNet

network,(HDF/Bufr) (Temporal Frequency- 1 hour)

Acknowledgment1) I am very much grateful to WMO for providing all

facilities to attend this meeting.2) I am also grateful to Director General of

Meteorology, IMD, New Delhi, for his keeninterest and providing all facilities to attend themeeting.

3) I am thanks to Dr Stephan Bojinski for the kindsupport to attend this meeting.

Thank You All…………..

……..WelCome to INDIA