dcc fire protection systems dcc fir 204 fire protection systems chapter 2- portable fire...

DCC FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS

DCC FIR 204Fire Protection Systems

• Chapter 2- Portable Fire Extinguishers


PRE-TEST

• Take a few minutes and fill it out now.

• Take it home and correct and/or complete it

• Turn it in next class as homework


homework

• Following the standard Fire Science homework design, make a neat chart and list the following:– The following stats for your home, your private

vehicle, your fire station and all the emergency vehicles housed in your fire station.

– Type– Class of fire rated for– Ratings (ex: 2a,20BC)– Last hydrostatic test date for each extinguisher (for

FD rigs only)– And….


homework

• For the supplied structural layout, create a plan to properly locate extinguishers in this structure for all three hazard levels:– Light– Medium– High

• You are the building owner and a tight SOB so your goal is to meet the requirements with the fewest number of each type of extinguisher.


Why Must Firefighters be Knowledgeable in Fire Extinguishers?????

• They use them

• They inspect them

• They may service them

• Pub Ed- they are viewed as the “experts”


The purpose of a fire extinguisher

• is to enable a person with minimal training and orientation to extinguish an incipient fire


General Rules of Fire Extinguishers for the Public

• Only attempt to extinguish a fire that can be controlled in 10-15 seconds.

• Always notify 911 BEFORE you use an extinguisher.

• Use the proper type extinguisher; ABC is the best type to get

• Always have an escape route planned• Never turn your back on a fire, even if you

think it’s out.


WHERE SHOULD THEY INSTALL THEM?

• Locate near exits, so after they grab it, they still have the option to bail out.

• In plain view• High enough kids can’t get the but low enough

that those who would grab them can do so quickly.

• At least 1 per floor• Check it at least monthly• Ensure the entire family knows about them and

when/when not to use them.


• The first version of the modern fire extinguisher was invented in the United Kingdom by Captain George Manby in 1816, consisting of a copper vessel of 3 gallons (13.6 liters) of pearl ash (potassium carbonate)solution under compressed air pressure.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1816

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallon

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litre

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_carbonate

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumatics


SODA ACID EXTINGUISHER

• The late 19th century saw the invention of the Soda-Acid extinguisher

• A cylinder contained 1 or 2 gallons of water that had sodium bicarbonate mixed in it.

• Suspended in the cylinder was a phial containing concentrated sulphuric acid.

• Activating the extinguisher by striking a plunger to break the phial, or inverting the extinguisher to release a lead bung from the phial (depending on type), released the acid which mixed with the bicarbonate solution to generate carbon dioxide gas that expelled the water under pressure through a nozzle or short length of hose.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_bicarbonate

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulphuric_acid

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxide


DRY CHEMCIALS

• Effective due to their coating ability

• But this can be a detriment in some electronic equipment


3 types of dry chemical extinguishers (overview)

• Sodium bicarbonate based

• Potassium based

• Multi purpose dry chemical

REGULAR DRY CHEMCIAL AGENTS


SODIUM BICARBONATE BASED

• Similar to baking soda

• Class B & C


POTASSIUM BASED

• Class B&C

• More effective than sodium bicarbonate based


MULTI PURPOSE DRY CHEMICAL

• Class A,B,&C

• Monoammonium phosphate


Inexpensive kitchen fire extinguisher (B-C)

• Take old 1 lb coffee can

• Perforate edge of bottom with can opener.

• Place plastic top on bottom; turn over

• Fill with baking soda

• Put another plastic top on can

• Label the can


Make your own home made label, or


http://www.armhammer.com/basics/magic/#9

• Download their can label

Thanks to Arm & Hammer

http://www.armhammer.com/basics/magic/#Slide%209


In event of fire

• Call 911

• If practical, use “coffee can” fire extinguisher

• Turn can over so bottom is now on top

• Remove plastic top, shake can over fire until extinguished.


HALON

• Introduced in 70’s• Stops chemical chain reaction• Originally thought to be totally safe• Then discovered it turns into phosgene gas

when heated to 750*f• Then discovered to harm the ozone layer• Montreal protocol

– Signed 1987– Fully effective 2000


HALONTRONSAFE REPLACEMENT FOR

HALON

• 11 lb Halotron I Fire Extinguisher1-A:10-B:C rating

• Halotron I is an ozone-friendly replacement for Halon 1211


Carbon Tetrachloride Extinguishers


REALITY CHECK

• Fire Extinguishers can explode when heated!!!!!!

• Fire Extinguishers can fail when not properly secured


Reality Check

• Using the wrong extinguisher or using the right one the wrong way can be worse than not using one at all!!!!!


FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

• Are part of a total system– Prevention– Incipient stage fire– 911– Fire Department Response

• Small fire• Remote fire• Overhaul• ***FDNY-Truck Company


EXTINGUISHERS INSPECTION

• Overall well being• Is it full?• Any damage

– Tank– Hose– Gage

• Within hydrostatic test date?• Pin and tie in place• Inspection sticker present and up to date• Bracket- workable?• Bottom Line; Is it ready to be used?


EXTINGUISHER PLACEMENT

• 1-5.1 Light (low) Hazard: minor amount of Class A combustibles– Offices– Classrooms– Hotel/motel rooms

• This classification anticipates that the majority of contents are either non combustible or arranged so that a fire is not likely to spread



• 1-5.2Ordinary (moderate) Hazard: Total amounts of Class A&B combustibles/flammables is present in greater amounts that a Light Hazard Area:– Dining areas– Mercantile shops– Allied storage– Light manufacturing– Auto showrooms



• 1-5.3 Extra (High) Hazard: where total amounts of Class A &B combustibles/flammables is greater than that of a Moderate Hazard.– Woodworking shop– Vehicle repair– Aircraft and boat servicing– Cooking areas– Manufacturing processes such as painting



• The number of and placement is determined by:– Area of the occupancy– Maximum travel distance to an extinguisher


CO2; (BC)

PW Class A

Why are they mounted near each other?


Two 20 lb ABC’s

Hey, Did you notice

I’m a gymnasium

??


RATINGS

• 1A- 1X1X1 wood crib (1.25 gallons of water)

• 1B=1 square foot of pentane

• C has no ratings


ratings

• The following ratings are capable of extinguishing: what???

• 2A10BC

• 4A20BC


QUESTIONS

dcc fire protection systems dcc fir 204 fire protection systems chapter 2- portable fire...

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