DCN: tJAPA- l'b-- -;;'UL - R4k- &&I ·1 IEE for Agriculture Market Development (AMD)

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U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) / Pakistan Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)

U.S.-Pakistan Partnership for Agricultural Market Development (AMD)

Program/Project/ Activity Data:

Activity/Project Title: Agricultural Market Development (AMD) I Solicitation #:N.A.

Contract/ Award Number (if known): AID-391-C-1500003

Geographic Location : Pakistan ; 391

Originating Bureau/Office: USAID Pakistan, Office of Economic Growth & Agricu lture (EGA)

Supplemental lEE: • Yes IZlNo DCN and date of Original document: OAPA-11-May-PAK-0026, aooroved May 6, 2011

Amendment: • Yes 18.lNo DCN and ECO link(s) of Amendment(s): N .A

Programmatic IEE: • Yes 18.l No Amendment No.: NA Funding Amount: $21,232,332 Life of Project Amount: $21,232,332

Implementation Start/End : February 23, 2015-September 30, 2020

Prepared By : Mubashra Mukadas Date Prepared : May 30, 2018

Expiration Date (if any): September 30, 2020 Reporting due dates (if any): N .A. Environmental Media and/or Human Health Potentially Impacted (check all that apply): None • Air 18.l Water 18.l Land 18.l Biodiversity 18.l Human Health IZI Other • Recommended Threshold Determination: IZl Negative Determination IZl with conditions D Deferral 181 Categorical Exclusion D Exemption D Positive Determination • USG Domestic NEPA action

Climate Change: • GCC/ Adaption • GCC/Mitigation 18.l Climate Change Vulnerability Analysis (included)

Adaptation/Mitigation Measures: Included

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DCN:-,---,------,---.----­JEEfor Agriculture Market Development (AMD)

U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) / Rilld~f~ii Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)

U.S.~Pakistan Pilrtnership {Qr Agricultural Market Deveiopment (AMD) . .

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS:

1.0 B.ACKGROUND AN_D P'.ROJECT/ACTIYI_TY Dll!SCRfi>TIQN: l.l Purpose .and Scope ofIEE

The purpose of this Initial Environmental Examination (IEE), in accordance with 22 CFR 216, is to pro.vide anew review of the-reasonably foreseeable effects on the environment, as well as-to recoQ1J11end threshold decis_ions, for the U,$.-Pald$tan Paiitiership for Agricultural Market Development (AMD) activity based on the present design and objectives of the activity, This .IEE provides :a brief statement of the factual basis for·a threshold decision as fo whether an environmental assessment or an environmental impact statement is required for AMO.

This activity was previously approved under IEE OAPA-1 l-May-PAK-0026, covering the agdcultute value chain activities in the economic growth and agriculture portfolio. This IEE ·supersedes and replaces the originaUEE, OAP A-U-May-PAK.-0026, for activities pe:rtaining to AMD1 and extends the ioP expiry date for AMD activities to September 30, 2020. A separate MTF is in preparation to ·clarify the status funding.

1.2 Background

Approximate_ly 45 p()rcent of the labcw force irt Pakistan wbrks in-agriculture, however, the sector comprises only 21 pert::ent of the national GDP. The :ratio of input (lab.or, land, and water) compared to output (percentage of GDP) is very: low, mainly due to ·the low productivity of inputs. Contributing factors-for thislowprodustivity include deteriorating macroeconomic-and external sectQ(perfonrtanc.e amid political tensions~ exceedingly weak fiscal performance, and poor access to finance for business entetpnses, especially small-and rhed1um-sized enterprises (SMEs). The USAID P~stan Economic Growth and Agdculture Office (E.OA) believes that leveraging private sector investment and encouraging innovation across .the agric.uliure sector is one of the surest ways.to increase agricultural productivity and employment,

·t;3 Description of Activities:

The U.S_.-Pak.istan P&rtnetship for Agricultural Market Development (AMO) is currently a .$21;232 million activity funded by USAID and implemented by Cultivating New Frontiers-in­Agticulture (CNFA), supporting.further development_of Paidstan's commercial agriculture sector through improvement of the crop and livestock sectors' ability to meet both intern~tional. and· domestic demand in tatg!;lted product lines. The primary value chains are livestock, mango, citrus, and high value ~ff-season vegetables. AMD will act as a catalyst for development and invesJm;e~t in targeted prodoqt lines by actively promoti~g cooperation and coord_ination amongst the·-value chain actors and ancillary servfoe providers.

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-- - - ··--····-~·-·· -·- . .

DCN: __________ _ IEE forAgricu/ture Market Develop11ient (AMD)

The AMD activity will work through two:complementary objectives,

1.3.l Objective 1 :. Strengthening supply chains of selected product lines to increase their efficienQy, quality, and profitability •.

Activities under objective 1 will include the following:

1.3.1.1 Strengthening supply linkages:

According to Federal Bureaµ of Statistics·, Pakistan produced 16 mi Hi on metric tons.of fruit and vegetables in 2010, on~ million tons of which were exported generating $360' mjllfon io. foreign excharage. However, entry requirements to high-end export markets are increasingly stringent,, imposing international food safety regulations that impact the e,qJort. ability of Pakistan's agri­products, therefore, :impeding the sector's growth potential.

The activity·will provide technical assistance and grants to support and.streilgthen:the supply 'lin,kageS of selected value chains to impro:ve qui!lity, extenc,l shelflife, reduce export costs, and increase market share, This.will be done through the development of packing hubs, bolstering the cold chain through storage upgrades. and improving product handling and.packaging! For livestock products, stronger backward supply chains will be· developed that ccmrtect calf producers, feedlots, abattoirs, and packing piants to l;l robust coid chain with foundaiions for a trc1ceability system. Pre-slaughter treatments for small ruminants wm be improved to normalize blood glycogen levels and eliminate "dark cutting" that reduces the qu~lity of cuts. AcJditionally, a.seedless variety ofwatennelon with higher market appeal will be.introduced, Corttract/agteemertt faJ'ijling will be introduced to link producers to specific buyers and transpo,r.tation services t9 the-market.

1.3.1.~ C9ld Cbf\in Strengthening and Devel9pment fo,r High V~lue, Off~ Season Vegetables:

The activity will partner wjth private sector inv..estors to upgrade or establish centralized grading, 'Packing, an4 refrtge.tated cold .storage hubs for vegetables. Cold chains wm be improved through efficiency upgrades by proyid.ing .new compres.sors, computerized climate control, improved i_nsulation, improved air ducts and air:flow; humidity control, and improved storage management. Technical assistance will be provided to build the capacity of actors in the vaiue chain (such as traders.and wholesaiers}to conduct grading, and to establish packing and.cold storage faciiities for vegetable crops. A number of centralized hubs for consolidating vegetables wi11 be linked wit!). an innovative low-cost technology of evaporative cooling atJhe field lev¢1, where field heat will be. reduced and initial sqrting will Wee place. The_ field-level eyapotative cooling fa:¢ility aims to reduce field heat from the product before it leaves for the centralized hub for final grading, sorting, pre-cooling, interim cold storage, and shjpment to final destinations.

Th~ design, functionality, cost contributions and grant operational mechanism of the central hubs will be d_etermined in collaboration witlt AMD's private .sector p~tner and investors selected through a Request for Application (RF.A..). The. centralized hubs will prepare the_produce fo.t

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DCN: _______ ~---IEEfor Agf.icu/tu,'? Market Deyelopment (AMD)

.access to dom~stiq retailers and exporters without 'having to pass through _the wholesale networks or multiple intermediaries, enabling a more consistent. supply and better prices paid-to farmers.

1.3.1.3 Improve post-harvest-practices through mango hubs:

Despite Pakistan's position as the world's fifth. largest.mango producer, Pakistani-grown mangoes have not re·alized. their true economic potential. The. constraints facing the mango· sector include improper harvest and post-harvest handUng and managem-~nt, issues relating to ii;l.tematio,nal standards compliance, limited access to the relevant markets, and a lack of favorabl~ branding,

To assist mango processors and expo1ters in adopting international gradip.g standards:and protocols, AMO will provide automated mango graders. This grarit wm enable AMO's selected private sector investor partners to meet exp91:t protocols for graded mangos in high-end markets. As a part of'this activity, c:ap~c.ity building, skill ~nhancemint,. atid.on:.site training_ will be provided to workers and managerial staff of the b~neficiary units to enhance the effici~ncy.;. ·accuracy, annual upkeepi cleaning in place (CIP), and .troubleshooting of machines in Punjab and Sindh. Along with phyto-sanitary solutions, AMO will also promote· prop.er packing procedures 8Qd traceability codes through on-site coaching. ·

·The activity will advise hub operators· on contract/agreement farming, extension, .and trade credit, and will support hubs in providing technical assistance ·in good agricult].ltal practices to producers. ·

1.3.1.4 Establish .modern processing of oleoresin extractioµ for domestic and e~port markets:

Chiliptoductiort in Paldstan ·has been nega:tiveiy affected over the past 5 years, with some estimates showing a reduction of .over 50 percent. Oil~ so~rceof po$.t-haivest prod1,1ction ioss is due to aflatoxin infe_sta\ions. Aflatoxins· are toxic and highly qarcinogenic. In ordetto circwnvent the loss in chili market share due to aflatoxin infestation, the commel'.cfol extraction of oleoresins will be introduced. Oleoiesin is extra(jted· ft.om fresh .chilies just after harvest, virtuatly eliminating aflatoxin in(estatiort.

AMO will war~ to mobilize pt.ivate sect•r investment in the·commercial extraction: of oleoresins from chilies. The activity will support the establishmen.t of~ mod~m processing plaQt. i.n-Sindh tor oleoresin extraction. Oleoresins have wide usage and demand as a food additive and as .a phartnace:utical ingredient, and ate in demand by major food processors in Pakistan.

L3.1.5 Devcl9p c.omlnercial feedlots for cattle:

Livestock plays a significant role in the lives of Pakistani farming communities, as·it ensures food security and a source ofin.come. !he.role of'the livestoc).c sector in the Pakistan's rural economy is.critical. Approximately 35 million Pakistan.is living in rµral areas raise an ijverage of two to: three .cattle/buffalo, and thr.ee to four sheep/goats per household, This repre~ents up to 40 percent of theitjncomes: In Pa~istan during 2013-14, livestock made up 56 percent of the total

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DCN: ----------,---IEE/or Agriculture .Market Development (AMD)

·agricultui'al output and contributed 1 l.8 percent to the national ODP.

AMD will suppol'.t the development of feedlots to ensure a consistent supply of quality animals with an optimi~d age-to.-weight ratio, Commercial feedlots-meeting minimum capacity requirements will be supported through co-investment. Depending on the situation, matching grants. wiil be used to support improvements ·such as prefabricated silage·b~ers, equipment. handling, an_imal watetiµg systenis, livestock housing, and tl,1~ development of cow/calf operations. AMO will provide technical assistance and business plan development, help embed -management:specialtsts and nutritionists within participating enterprises, and link abattoirs and pro.cessor.s to entrepreneurs and commercial farmers.

The activity will support. the developm~nt of commercial feedlots for intensive re~ing· and fattening of cattle to ensure that abattoirs have a consistent supply ofquality an:ima.ls.

1.3!1.6 Breed ImprQv~m4!nt:

The goal of this intervention is to encourage small an4 medium-sized farmers to use Artificial Insemination (AI) for livestock reproduction, by improving the supply chain of semen at the village level, where the animal-owner has. fewer than 1 O animals with little access to quality bl'eeding servic;es; AMO will work with S¢mert distributors·to improve a fuil_ctio{lal Vi:llue chajn for bfeeq· improvement. ·

Technical assistance.and -matching grants for semen ~esting equipment will be provided to· selected farmers. AMO will help link semen production and importing companies directly to farmers through certified AI techs and representative female .focafpersons at the village level. Other bi·eed improvemeP:t.initiat1ves will mclude record keeping o.finseminations and tagging of &niinals, and refresher training of AI technicians. · ·

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DCN=.,...-------,.---,--------,-IEEfor Agriculture MarkeiDev.elopment (AMD)

1.3.1. 7 Strengthen packing plant opcratiQns;

Matching grant assistance, awarded based on evidence of profitable business plans, wilt support technological upgrading of processing facilities, vacuum paqkagi·ng equipment! value-added product development, and cold chain handling. Diversification will t&I<:e. the form of meat value a:dditi<m, such as the production.of boneless meat cuts an<l by-products such as offal,_hides,_and skins,-which are an important revenue. source for abattoirs.

1;~.l.8 Strengthen aba_ijoir operations:

Technical assistance. will be provided to ab11ttoirs for operational_, product, and service improvement. Abattofr operators will be. ass1steci with business plan development, matching •grants, and training; They will be linked to feedlot producers, cold ·chains, and domestic and ititernational markets. Similar to packing pla,nt operations, a~sistance will be provided for meat product diversific;ation and meat value -a~diti_on to provide additional revenue sources. Technical assistance will also be provided to abattoirs. for HACCP, Halal, and ISO certifications.

1.3.2 Objcctive .. 2: Improve.market linkages within targeted product line chains and develop the institutional capacity of catalytic actors within chains ..

Ac~ivities m1der objective 2, improving market access,. will include .the following:

1.3.2.1 Facilitate acces.s 'to h1ternatio_.a1 ·markets:

The activity wilJ coUabor~te·with the Trade DevelopmentAuthority of,Pak.istan(TDAP), the -Punjab Halal Development.Agency (PHDA), and other relevant gov~rnment au_thorities to establish business relationships between foreign buyers and Pakistani meat, fruit-and vegetable e~porters. Tbe focus will b.e on the high value exportma:rkets for value-added products. The activity will also develop synergies with ~xistfrrg activities of trade promotion bodies in Pakistan to brand and promote high-quality Pakistani agrictdtural pro_dQcts. The activity will support relevant trade delegations for its product lines; with the focus on creating greater market accessibility for Pakistani produce and augmenting advocacy efforts to. bridge compliance and teg4latory i;egime gapi; across potential export destinations. Visits to Pakistan by the relevartt certification authorities of target countries will .be facilitated for their inspection of abattoirs,. and ·packing and processing facilities, Woi:king with local partners, the activity will facilitate international buyers to visit local trade shows held in Pakistan to conclude deals with Pakistani exporters, In corts1.dtatioii wjth partnei: businesses, the activity wili identify priority trade shows and marketing events with respect to the project's proquct lines and extend cost.:shares.upport to qualified exporters for ·their participation "in them. The activity will a_lso work closely with TDAP and .the respective commercial councilors-of target countries to plan frade delegatio~s, especially targeting high-potential com1tries in East Africa-, the A-SEAN region, and China. Building on the .sucQess of the lntetnationat Halai Conferenc-e held in Lahore, AMD aims to work in close collaboratjon with PHDA, and facilitate partfoipation of business delegatlo.tis ·from. China, Malaysia, .. and Indonesia at annual the International Halal Conference and E~bition .

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DCN: _-e----------,---IEE.for Agriculture Market Development (AMD)

Rapid market assessments will be conducted and facilitation guides developed for·high_potential, emerging, and untapped markets in the Middle-East, Southeast Asia,. and Africa.

1.3~2.2 Facilitate market linkages:

In order to foster a su·stainable value chain system that enables equitabie distribution of profits, the activity will work closely with partner businesses to develop. linkages with ·upstream/downstream vaiue chain players._ these links will comprise of ·an bµyer-seller relationship~ alc;mg the target prod_uct lines,-.starting with the farm-gate sale to the processor1 and onwards-to the retailer and importer. The activity, when-re·qwred, may also assist partner businesses in linkage development in the domestic market, ·particularly thtolJgh participation in key Jo.~al expos fociµding the Dawn Agricultural Expo;· rrade ·Devefopment Authority of Pakistan Exp9; Punjab Halal Development Agency's International Halal Conferenc·e ancl ·Exhibition, and other local trade shows.

1.3.2.3 Training and-Capacity Development:

The activity will provide structured training_ sessions to ,ex.tsting and prospective exporters and impart·guidelines-atound trade.show preparatio·n; professional business conduct~ business networking; .and;requlsite follQw-up ~ctivitles.

1.3~2.4 Facilit~te c-ertific_ations and stand~rds compliance:

The activity will engage local business _service providers and international expe11s to provide technical assistance to abattoirs; meat processors. in halal certification; and meat, fiuit ~d vegetable processors in.HACCP and .ISO certification. Critical control points wiffbe stref!gth~ned through technical support and matching grants where necessary. As needed, the activity will provide technical -support to strengthen local certit'ication bodie~. Bra,ndjng and marketing iriitiatives·leading to ·halal and 0th.er foo·d certificati<;>ns will be sponsored.

1.3.2.5 Consolidate and Strengthen position in existi:ng mal'.ket place:-

The activity will undertake market intelligence,gathering.activities, including close monitoring_ of marke.t trends, e;xport comp~tition, regulatory requirements, and buyer preferences. This will enable the activity to suppo1t par!Qer bus.iness. towards assessing any impending ri_sks.from regulatory or t~tf changes, be ale1t to threats from emerging contpetition, a,id 1dentify opportunities at an early stage to capitalize-accordingly.

1.4 Geographic Focus:

AMO interventions will focus on areas where .there are concentrations of producers who will be integrnted into sti;engtp.ened sµ_pply chains for each product Jine.:-

• Livestock; Punjab, Sihdh, and FATA/l<.P .• Mango: Punjab and Sindh

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DCN: _______ __ _ _ IEE/or Agriculture Market Development (AMD)

• Kinnow: Sargodha and other districts of Punjab • HV/OSV: Vegetable farmers in Punjab, chili farmers in Sindh, and smallholder

groups and clusters in FATA/KP, including emerging production areas in the Gomal Zam Dam region.

The map below illustrates the grants approved in different sectors by USAID in Punjab and Sindh Provinces . As of December 2017, 13 mango, 8 feedlot, 4 value addition, 4 citrus, 3 HVOSV, and 1 E-Beam grants have been signed by the grantees,

Approved Grants Map (till dato)

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1.5 Current Contract Budget, Deliverables, and activity completion status:

The AMD activity is currently a $21.232 million activity and will work through two complementary objectives. AMO successfully installed thirteen mango graders, and the required training and skills have been provided to the guarantees. Four model grantees under the citrus sector are in implementation . Through its marketing and linkage development, AMO was able to successfully increase exports of citrus enormously. In feed lots, fourteen grants have been approved and are under implementation. Four grantees are approved under HVOSV and are under implementat ion. The project has successfully achieved its goals in the specified sectors by introducing modem and scientific practices and enhancing the skills of the local farmers.

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DCN: _________ _ IEE Jot A°gr.iculture Market Development (AMD)

B1,1dget fine-items· for AMD and an up-to-date, expencµtqre status are summarized in below table,

Narration Current Contract B1,uJget .E;xpenditure until December

31, 2017

Objecdve 1 4,000,000 826,426

Objective2 1,466,500 715,236

Operational & Other Cost 15,765,832 9,786,292

Tc,tal ,21,232.,332 ll,327,954

2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE ONM GOING AMD ACTIVITY

To ensure all of the· environmental impac.ts of each intervention/sub-activity ate an:alyzed, mitigatedl and monitored, AMD prepared the Environment Documentation Form (EDF) and Environmental Mitigation·and Monitoring Plan (EMMP) for review 1311d approval by USAID. These documents were prepared in consultation with the .grantees that are responsible for on-site implementation of the ~nvironrnental monitoring-and mitigation plan. ln the ma'j01'.ity of cases, AMD beneficiaries were not equipped to follow the EMMP indepenqently. To address. this issue and to build capacity of the project beneficiaries, AMD organized consultative sessions such as trainings at 13 different sites covering important area~•of environmental concern, including i;iir quality, water quality, health &nd safety ·concerns, and impact on th¢ land. In other cases, for example, atmango grader installation sites, presentations were mad.e to help grantees·understand the proc~dures for safe operation of the grading :units. Based on the· information ·coilected during -preMinstallation surveys and discussions with the grantees, AMD included safe operation modules 1n the• hands-on training. proyided at the time of installation of the graders. Practical demonstrations of grading sites were.focused on environmental safety as well as rnanpower directly ipvolved 'in the mango prqcessing unit a:t all levels,. from n0n-qi1arantine ·areas to the firtal product, in ordel'. to ensure safe working procedures at all level~ and to maintain workers' safety.

In other interventions, such as feedlot fattening farms and abattoirs, yvaste man.agemen:t was identifieq as an.area ofcbilcern. Therefore, in addition t<i preparing the required documentation, AMD helped project.grantees in developing and adopting waste managem.ent plans. Additionally, the activity organized focused trainings to build capacity of the project grantees in

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DCN: ----------,-----I/$Efor Agriculture Market DetJefopment (AMD)

the area of:waste management.

The lesson learned is that in addition to approved EDFs and EMMPs_,-there is a strong need for focused trainings for grantees/b~neficjarie$ on envirom;nental compliance monitoring, rep_o_rting, ·and·mitigation plans. Going forward, AMO has included USAID's cleared training modules for the gtant~es op envfronmental compliance.

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DCN: __ ___ _____ _ IEE/or Agriculture Market Developm ent (AMD)

3.0 COUNTRY ENVIRONMENT AL INFORMATION ~ASELINE INFORMATION) Studies conducted by the GOP, USG, and donor agencies 1

•2

•3• •

5•6 in Pakistan have highlighted a

number of environmental issues. Broadly, the areas of concern identified include uncertainty and climate variability in the design and operation of water resources projects, potential climate impacts and stress points on the energy sector, water availability for energy and food, climate change impacts on the energy sector, Indus River Basin flood management, energy, pollution, waste management, irrigated agriculture, and biodiversity. Furthermore, accelerated growth and urbanization present additional environmental challenges such as toxic air, water pollution, and hazardous solid waste. In order to maximize growth, the country needs complementary policies that address environmental issues while facilitating development. Conservative estimates presented in a World Bank report suggest that environmental degradation costs the country at least 6 percent of GDP, and that these costs fall disproportionately upon the poor7• The increasing pollution of water, air, and land continues to have an enonnous impact on people's health: illness and premature mortality caused by air pollution (indoor and outdoor), diarrheal diseases, and typhoid due to inadequate water supply, sanitation, and hygiene . These conditions largely affect vulnerable groups such as children.

Given its range of latitude and immense variations in altitude, Pakistan spans a number of the world's ecological regions that encompa ss a variety of habitats supporting rich biodiversi ty. However, several animal and plant species are currently threatened and/or endangered, largely as

1 Pnklstnn Proposed World Bank Clima te Change and Environment Program 2010-2015 World Bank Report

No . 69561-PK nt: http ://www ­wds.wor ldbank .org/external/defau 1t/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2012/06/14/000425970 20120614132008/ Re ndered / PDF/695610ESWOP10500changeOENVJune02010.pdf 2

Pakistan: Country Development Landscape World Bank Report No . 91700-PK at: http ://www-wds .worldbank .org/external/defau lt /WDSContentServer /WDSP /I B/2014/10/27 /000469252 20141027124 7 4 7 / Re ndered/PDF/917000WPOWBOPKOOBox385342BOOPUBLICO,pdf 3 Pakistan: Country Snapshot Wor ld Bank Report No. I 00119-PK at: http ://www -wds.worldbank .org/external/ default/WDSContentServer /WDSP /T M NA/2015/10/11/090224b083138fb 7 /1 0/Ren dered/PDF/PakistanOOOCountryOsnapshot.pdf 4

Cleaning Pakistan's Air World Bank Report No . 89065-PK at: http ://www -wds .worldbank .org/external/defau lt/WOSContentServer /WDSP /IB/2014/07 /09/000442464 201407091233 35/Re ndered/PDF/8906SOPUBOCleaOOBox385269BOOPUBLICO.pdf 5

Development of Environmental Laws and Jurisprudence in Pakistan ADB Report at : http ://www .adb .org/sites/defau lt/fl les/publication/31140/environmental -1aw-jurisprudence -pakistan .pdf 6

Indus Basin Floods ADB Report at: http ://www .adb .org/sites/default/files/pub lication/30431/indus-ba sin­floods .pdf 7

Pakistan Proposed World Bank Climate Change and Environment Program 20I0-201S World Bank Report No . 69561-PK at: http ://www ­wds .worldbank.org/ext ernal/defaul t /WDSContentServer/WDSP/1B/2012/06/l4/00042S970 20120614132008/ Re nde red/PDF/695610ESWOP10500cha ngeOENVJune02010.pdf

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DCN: __ ___ ______ _ IEE/or Agriculture Market Development (AMD)

a result of overexploitation and loss of natural habitat, exacerbated by pressures stemming from rapid population growth, persistent poverty, and climate change impacts. The country's forest cover has declined steadily, from 2.3 percent of total land area in 2008 to 2.1 percent in 2011, due largely to logging, agricultural clearing, and fuelwood harvesting. 8

Pakistan has gradually established a number of national strategies and policies, relatively comprehensive legal and regulatory frameworks, and specialized institutiona l structures focusing on environmental protection . The Federal Ministry of Climate Change, established in 2012, is vested with the mandate to comprehensively address disaster management along with spearheading national climate change initiatives, both in adaptation and mitigation. It is also responsible for facilitating and harmonizing environmental standards, laws, acts, and policies at the national level, and developing national strategies and action plans to fulfill international obligations under various multilateral environmental agreements (conventions, protocols, treaties, etc.) .

Pakistan has a commendable record of efforts to promote conservation and longer term sustainability, from the National Conservation Strategy of 1992 through to the adoption of a National Environment Policy (NEP) in 2005.

4.0 LEGISLATIVE AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK 4.1 National and Provincial Agriculture Laws and Regulations

Laws, regulations , ordinances, and most administrative guidelines or rules are published in the GOP Gazette . The key agriculture and livestock related laws and regulations relevant to the Agricultural Market Development Project include :

4.1.1 Federal Laws and Regulations: 4.1.1.1 General Laws and Regulations:

a) Pakistan Pure Food Act b) Agriculture Produce and Marketing Act c) The Pakistan Standards and Quality Control Authority (PSQCA) Act, 1996 d) Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997 e) The Pakistan Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1890

4.1.1.2 Livestock Sector Specific Laws and Regulations: a) The Pakistan Animal Quarantine (Import and Export of Animals and Animal Products)

Ordinance, 1979 b) The Pakistan Animal Quarantine Act c) The Pakistan Halal Authority Act, 2015

8 Country Partnership Strategy : Pakistan, 2015-2019 ADB Report at: http://www2dllJ>~•b i!\'s/Jcfault/ filcs/ linkcd­ducumcnts/cp•·Pilk-20!5-2ll 12-rna pc.If

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4.1.1.3 Horticulture Sec(Qr·Specific La)Vs and Regulations: a) Pakistan Plant Quarantine Act 1976 b) Pakistan Plant Quarantine Rules 19.67 c) Federal Seed. Certification Act 2015 d) Pakist~ Standards and Quality Control Act e) Agricultural Pesticides Ordinance 1971 (Amendment. 1997)

4.1.2 Provincial Laws and Regulation Applicable in Sind.b Province: 4.1;2.1 General Laws aild Regulations:

a) The ·west Pakistan Foodstuffs {Control) Act, 1974 (Sindh Amendment) b) The West Pakistan Pure Food Act, 1973 (Sindh Amendment) c) The SindhPure Food:Act, 1995 (Amendment) d) The Sindh Fertilizer (Control) Rules, 1.999

4.1.2.~· Livestock S~ctor Specific.-Laws and Regulations: a) The West Pakistan Animals S'iaughter Control Act, 1974 (Sindh Amendment) b) The West Pakistan Foodstuffs (Control) Act, 1974 (Sindh .Ainendi;nent) c) .The West Pakistan.Pure Food Act, '1973 (Sindh Amendment)

4 .. 1.2.3 Horticulture Sector Specific Laws and Regulations: a) The Sindh Pure Food Act, 1995 (Amendment) b} The WestPakistart..Fpod.sfuffs (Control) Act, 1973 (SindhAmendment) c) Sindh Seed Corporation Act, 1976

4.1.3 Provincial Laws and Regulation Applicable in Punjab Province.: 4~1.3.i Gener.al Laws. and Re~lations:

a) The Punjab Agricultural: n ·evelopmen.t !llld Supplies Corporation Act, l 973. (Last update~ on 06-12-2003)

b) The Punjab Environinental Protection.Act, 1997 (Last updated on 21-04-2014) ¢) Punjab Local Government Ordinance, 2,001

4.1.3,l Livestock Sector Specific Laws .and Regulations: a) Pu·njab Animals Slaughter Control RULES,. 1965 b) The Putijab A.p.imal Slaughter Control Act 1963 - Pakistan c) The Punjab Animals S\aughte.r Contr.ol (Ametj.dm.e~t) Act 2016 d) Punjab Animal Breeding Act, 2014. e) The Punjab Food Stuffs Control Act, 1958 (Last updated on 06-12-2003) f) The Punjab Goats (Resfriction) Ordinance, 1959 (Last updated on 06-12 .. 2003) g) The Punjab Pure Food Ordinance, 1960 (Last updated on 10-;2.-2016) h) The West Pakistan Foodstuffs (Control) (Punjab Amendment and Validation) Ordinance,

1971 (Last updated on 06-12-2003) i) The Punjab Livestock Associations Unions {Registration and Control) Ordinance,

1979 (Last updated on 06-12-2003) j) The Boiler (West P~stan Amendl):lent) Ordin~ce, .1958 (Last updated Qn 06-12-20.0.3)

Page i3 of 45

DCN: __________ _ IEE for Agriculture M_arket Development (AMD)

k) The Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1890, 1) The Punjab Animals Compound Feed and Feed Stuff Ordinance, 2002 m) Punjab Meat (Control) Order, 1978 (Punjab Gazette,, Extra.8-3-78)

4.L3.3 Ho:rticult11re Sector Sp·ccific Laws and Reguhltions:

a:) The Punjab Food Stuffs Control Act, 1958 (Last. updated on 06 .. 12.-2003) b) The Punjab Agricultural Pests Ordimmce, 1959 (Last updated on 06-12' .. 2003) c) The Punjab :Pw·eFooq Ordinance-, 1960 (Last updated on.10-2 .. 2016) d) ·The Punjab Vegetable Market (Lahore) .Ordinance, 1963 (Last updated on 06-12-2003) e) ·The Punjab Seeds and Fruit Plants Ordinance, 1965 (Last updated on 06-12-2003) f) The Agricultural Pesticides Ordit1ance,.1971 (Last updated on 09-10~2012) g) The West'Pakistan Foodstuffs (Control) (Punjab Amendment and Validation) Ordinance;

1971 (Last µpdated on 06-12-2003) h) The Punjab Agriculture, Food and Drug Authority Act 2016 (Last updateq on 30 .. 5-2016)

The·following represents proposed legislations that are under revJewai1d ate likely to be. aqopted 'in the near future;

~) Punjab Quality Meat.and Slaughter Regulation Act, 2013 (Proposed) b) Punjab Pasteurized Milk Act, 2015 (Proposed) c) Punjab AgrictJltui;al Produce.Marketing (De"elopinent & Mod~mfaation) Act, 2014

(Proposed) · ·

4.l National Environmental Policies and Legislation ~ 4.2.1 Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 199710

The Pakistan, Environmental Protection Act (PEP A), 19.97 is the basic legislative tool empowering the GOP to frame re~lations for the protection ofthe environment.

4.2.2, Pakistan IEE/Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Regulation, 2000 11 12

the t¢view ofthe20.00 IEE and EIA regulations provides the ilecessa,ydetails on·the preparatioti., submission, and teview of th¢ JEE and EIA reports·. The regulation classifies projects on the basis of their expected degree ofadverse environmental impacts, and lists them .in two separate schedules.

4.2.3 Nati1mal Envir~milrental Quality Standards (NEQS) 200013.

First promulga,ted in 1993, the NEQS wer~ last atne_nd~d in 2000. They constitute the basic

'9

http://www,envlronment.go!,'.pk/.and http:{lwww,ieicadln.nl/wlg/legls/nofr/oeur/lxwepak.htm 10· .

http:/fwww.erMronmlint.gov.pk/act•rules/Brlef~PEPA,Actl997.pdf 11 .

httpr/fwww.envlrohment,goli.pkfact-l'ules/lEE-EIA-REG.pdf 12 . .

http://envlronment.gov.jlk/ with links to provlncfal-offlces with environment respons\bllliles 13 .

http://v,,ww.envlronment.gov.pkfNEQS/SR0549%2012000-NEQS,pdf covers liquid in~ustrja! effluents

Page 14 of 45

- ·-·•·-""'-'---------------------------- ---- ----·- .. ··· .....

DCN: ----------,---IEE/Qr AgNculture Market Development (AMI))

guidilines-w:ith Which liquid effluent and gaseous emissions of municipal and industrial origin must comply. These standards present the maximum allowable concentration for liquid effluent before its discharge into the-sea, inland water. and sewage "(32 tolal parameters. with which to comply), and gaseous emissions in the ambient ~r from industrial ~ources (l 6 total parameters with which to .comply).

4.2-.4 Occupational. Health and Safety (OHS) ·Standards The main law governing OHS in Pakistan .is the Factories.Act of 1934. The H~ _rdous Occupation Rules of 1918 designate certain occupations =as hazardous and contain :;pecial ·provisi()11$ to regulate workirig c;onditions in these occupations. Other faws dealing with OHS include~ The Mines Act (1923), Social Security Ordinance (1965), Workmen's Compensation Act (1923), Shop and Establishment .Ordinance (1969), . ahd the Dock Laborer Act (1934). Additibrially, the.Hazardous SubstaMfls Rules (2003) tovet worker safety and the use of haz&tdoµs substances in the W()rkplace.

4.2.5 Building Codes / Seismic Standards Pakistan is one of the most seismically acdve countdes m the world. Following the devastating 2005 earthquake, the new Pakistan'Building Code wentinto effect throughout the countty14 ofi August 26, 2007. All structm.es, p.ew 01.dldings, includi,l;ig residential, itld~strial, and. commercial_, particularly high-rise buildings,. are required to·follow the requirements of the Code, in particular with regard. to its seisrttlc provisions.

4.2.6 .L~cal Government Ordinance, 2001 ·This Act empowers the GOP and provincial government~ to enforce laws for land use, .conservation of natural vegetation, air, water, -and land pollutian, disposal ofsolid waste and wastewater effluent, ru:id public health and safety, lncluding some provisions for environmental protection. S.ectjon 93 of this Ordin~ncfl·pertains to envirorunental pollution underwhfoh the local councUs are authorized to restrict activities caU$lllg pollution to air; water. or land,

4.3 Provincial Environmental Policies an:d Legislation 4.3.1 Punjab Province · 4.3.1.1 Punjab Environmental J;'rotedion Act, 2012 The Punjab Environmental Protection Act~ 1997 (amended 2012) is the basic legislative tool at the· provincial level after the devolution of power in the i 8th amendment to the Pakistan Constitution, empowering provmdal governments to fr(une regulations for the protection of the environment The act is similar "in nature to the Pakistan Environmental Protection Act and refers to the Pakistan Environmental.Protection Agency Review ofIEE and EIA regulations as the primary guideline for preparation .of environmental safeguards instruments. The regulatory powers .and implementation responsibilitie•s are nbw designated in the province to the Punjab Environmental Protection Depatµnent (EPD). P.1,mjab EPD is-also required to· ensure compliance

14 T~e new bullcllng code replace~-the i986 P~kistan !lulldlng_Code, whl~h was nevl!rfonnally adopted by as a·governmennegulatlon.

Page 15 of45

DCN: ___________ ___

IEE/or Agriculture Market Development (AMD).

with the National '.Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) .and establish monitoring and evaluation systems.

4.3.1.2 Punjab Wildlife (Protection~ Preservation, Conserv·~thm and Management) A;ct, 1974

This law was enacted to protect the province'·s wildlife resources directly and other. natural resources indirectly. It classifies wildlife by degree of protection1 i.e., animals that may be hunted on ·a permit or speCial Hc~nse~ and specjes ihat ate protected ·and cannot be hunted wrder @llY cjtcumstan~es. The Act 1,,pecifies restrictions on hunting amt trade :in animals, trophies, ot meat. The Act also defines various categories of wildlife-protected areas, i.e., national parks~ wildlife sanctuaries, and. game reserves.

4.3.2- Sindh Province 4,3,2,1 The ·Sindh Envirortm~ntal Prot~cdon Act 2014 After passage of the 18th Amendmentto the Pakistan Constitution, the Sindh Government enacted its own environmental law, The Sindh EnvironmentatProtection Bill, 2014 was signed by the Governor of Sindh on Mardi 19, 2014 as an Act of Legislature .ofSindh.

4.3.2.2 Sindh Wildlife Protection Ordinance, 1972 and.Amendmen_ts 2()01 This ordinance provides for the preservation, protection, and .conservation of wildlife by the. fonnation and management of protected areas-and prohibition of hunting of wildlife species declared protected urtd¢r the ordinance, The ordim(nce i:,lso specifies"three broad cllicSsifications of protect_ed are<\s:. national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, an_d game-reserves.

4.3.3 .Khyb.er, Pakhtunkhwa Province (KPK) 4.3.3.1 T_.e KPK Environmental .Protection Act, 2014 After enactment of ~he 18th amendment to the J,>akistan Constitution, Khyber Pal<litmiklwta Provincial Government enacted its own environmental law. Thl:l Khyber Pakhtunkhw.a Environmental Protection Bill, 2014. was ,signed by the Governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa as an Act ofLeg"islature of Khyber Pakhtuiikhwa.

4.3.3.2 KPK Wildlife and Biodlver$ity (Protection, Preservation, Conservation and Management) (Amendment) Act, 2015

TheKPK Wildlife and Biodiversity.(Protectiort, Preservation, .Conservation and Management} Act of 2015 provicles legislation for wildlife and. biodiversity protection in the K.PK province. The Act makes provision for the declaration. of wi14life sanctuaries ·a1;1d game re$¢tve$, and for" the restriction of hunting in protected areas.

4.3.4 Balochistan Province 4.3,4.1 Ba:lochistan EnvironmentaLProtection Act, 2012 The Balochistan Environmental Protection Act of 2012 provides the overarching provincial framework for the protect1on of the environment in Balochistan, It builds .on .the :Provisions of PEP A and loctdizes them to the: provincial context.

Pag~ 16 of 45 ·

DCN: __________ _

}EE/orAgrlculture Market Development (AMD)

4.3.4.2 Balochisfan EnvirQilmental Protection Agency Balochistan Environmental Protection Agency (BEPA) is a department headed. by the Secretary ofEnvironment and Sports. It-is the sole environmental regulatory body for Balocllistan P1'ov.inc·e,.resptmsible. for implementing ilatkm~ and pi:ovjncial laws, improving the protection-of envfrot).Jll~ptal and _natural resources of the provinc~i and developing policies for the· improvement and su_stainable use .of natural resources.

4.3.4.3 EIA Approval Procedure in. Balochistan The Balochistan Act has_·further devolved the power at district/regional level and allows for district agencies along with a provincial EPA (Parii 8 of the Act). The BEPA is vested with the authority of reviewing IEE/EIAs in. line with the:institutional-administrative structure.

4,3.4,4 Balochistan Wildlife Protecfioil, Pre_servation, .Conservation and Management-Act, -2 .. 14

This legislation is gui~ed primarily by the. principle ofensuring the protection, preservation, promotion, conservation, management, and sustainable development of wild animals in recognition of their position as key components of biological diversity with social,. cultural, economic, and ecological .signifi_qance 1:orthe preseot and future generations.

4.3.4.5 Balochistan Culture Herifage. Preservation Act, 2010 . This Act empowers the Provincial Governmenlto protect culturai heritage in.the province. It empowers the government to compulsorily acquire-any heritage that could be lost to vario1,Js threats. It states punitive action for the willful destruction of protected cultural heritage.

4.3.5 Gilgit .Baltistan Region 4;3~5.1 Gilgit Balti~tan Environmental Protection Agency Gilgit-Baltistan Enviromnental Protection Agenc:y (GB-EPA) Wl'!-S established under section (~) ofPEPA,_ 1997. The GB-EPA may undertake-inquiries er investigation into environmemal issues; either of its own accord or upon complaint from any person-or organization. GB-EPA aiso pl'ovides the framework fo.r implementation of a National Environmental Policy and Nation~l Sanitation Pe>lfoy; estaqlishtnent _of Provtncial Sustainable D<;lvelopment_Flmds; protection and ~onservation of spec_ies; conserv~tion of renewable resources; estabJishment of Environmental Tribunals; and appointment ofEnvironmental Magistrates.

4.3.6 Azad Jam01.u & Kashmir (AJ.I() 4.~.6.1 AJI( Environmental Protection Act, 2000 An Envfronmental Unit (EU) was established in the Planning & Development Department of AJK in 1994 to carry out the environmental assessments of public sector initiatives. The EU Was later upgraded to th~ AJK Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1997 under the AJK Environmental.Protection Act of 1996. The AJI( Environmental Protection Act of 1996 was further amended and enacted as. the_ AJK Environmenui.l.Protection Act in 2000, empowering the regulatory body to formulate poiicies, develop interdepartmental cootdination, and establish NEQS with the CouncW~ approval.

Page 17 of 45

-------------------------- - ------- - -·---··--······--······

DCN:_-,------,----,-----IEEjot Agritultute Market Development (AMD)

4.3.6,2 The Jaminu a.nd Ka$hmir l? orest Regul;ltfons, 1930 The main legislation for manag~ment.and protection of forest and rangeland in AJK is the Jiµnmu and Kashmir Forest R~gulati'on of 1930 and its later amendments of 1973, 19761 1977, and 1980. The ame.ndments .are mostly related to penal pr9visions for forest offences. According to the AJK Forest Regulations, the forests are designated as ~demarcated'1 or "un­demarcated'\ The fonner are under the control of the Forest Department, while the latter are under the control of the Board of Revenue through the Deputy Cortunissioiler. There. are two other-catego.ries of forests in AJK denornfoated as ''VHlage.Forests" and ·"Private Forests.,, The former are established und.er Section 14 (a) ofthe AJK Fores.t Regulations, while the latter l;U'e esfiblisheq under the Private ForesfRules of AJK Land Revenue Act 1955. Moreover, the T1·ee Plantation & Maintenance Act 197.7 has been enacted to ensure planting and maintenance ofat least thre.e trees per acre in farmland. Under the provision of the forest'."related .legislations, there are regulations on usufruct right, of the communities-or indivjduals for 1.1sing the area for grazing, Qr acquiring wood: for fqel ortii:nber. However, for cuttjng trees for th.e CQQstructic,n of a ptoject, special permission wotild be needed from the-Forest Department and Revenue Department/Local Administration depending upon the type of forestencountered.

·4 .. 3.6.3 The AJK Wildlife (Protection, Presetvat•on, ConservaJion and Management) Act, '1975 . ·

In addition to empowering:the AJK.wildlife department to establish game reserves~ parks, and wildlife. sanctuaries, this Act regulates the hunting anci disturbance of wildlife. Wher¢ proposed projects may have an impact on wildlife, theAJK-EPA.requires the proponent to coqtdfnate with. the AJ1' wildlife. depattment ;for the implementation of ~e project, .and monitor activities dW"ing construction and operation of the project.

4.4 International Environmental Treaties Ratified by Pakistan Pakistan Js a signatory to a number of imt:rpational environmental agreements, International Labor Organization (ILO), and World Health Organization(WHO) conventions .. Tl!ese agreements cover very broad areas from biodiversity and genetic resources, protected areas., ·climate change, and international. trade, to a range of labor and health conventions. Multilateral Environment Agreements (MEAs) impose requirements and restrictions of varying cjegrees. upon the member, countries in order to meet the objectives of the .agreements. However, the implementation mechanism for most of these MEAs is weak in Pakistan, and the institutional framework needs strengthening. · The following are the relevant intemational treaties and conventions that have peen ratined by Pakistan:

l. Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) Pakistan.ratified:-19.76

i. Ramsar Conven.tion on WetlimcJs .. Pakistan r1Jtified: 1976 3. Convention on the Conservation.ofMigratpry Species of Wild Animals (CM$). Pal<lstan

ratified: 1987 4. Vienna Convention on protection of ozone lay.er; and Montreal Protocol on ozone layer

depleting substances. Pakist~ ratified: 1992 5. UN·conventionon Biological Divetsity_(UNCBD). Pakistan R~tified·: 1994.

Page 18 o:f .45

DCN: __________ _ IEE/or Agricultwe Market Development (AMD)

6. Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) under the convention on Biological .Diversity (UNCBD).

7. UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD). Pakistan, ratHied: 1997 :8. ~yoto Ptotocol to Uriited Naiion Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).

Pakistan ratified: 2005 9. Rotterdam Convention on the Pl'ior Informed Consent (PIC) Procedure for Certain

Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade, ·Pakistan ratified: 2005 I 0. Stockholm Convention on P~rsistent Org~fo Pollutants (POPs). Pakistan ratified: 2008. 11, Cartagepa Protocol on Bio-Safety (CPl:3), Pakisµm ratified: 2009 12. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Pads Agreement - signed April

22,2016 13. International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture -2001 Pakistan.

Acc.ess.ion, - 02 September 2003 · 14. Ip.temational Plant Protection .Convention - 1952-. Pakistan ratified on 10 November 1954 15. Plant protection Agreementfor the Asia and the Pacific Region - 1956, Pakistan Adherence -

08 January 195·g 16 .. Declaration on Control a.nd Prevention of Air Pollution .and its Likely Trans-boundary

Effects for Soµth Asia . .r~stan Endorsed - April 1998 · '17. The World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) - international agreement sjgned on 25

.January 1924 fot Animal Health. 18. Wotld Trade Organization (WTO) Agriculture Agreement - Agreement on Sanitary and

Phytosanitary Me1:1sur~s a. Uruguay Round Agreements b. Doha Rourid Agreements

19. Forced Labor Convention, 1930 (No. 29)1 ratified on 23 December 1957 20.FreedQm.of Association-and Protection of the Right.to Organize Convention, 1948 (No. 87),.

ratified on 14 February 1951 21. Right to Organize and Collective Bargaining Convention, 1949 (No. 98), ratified on 26 May

i952 22. Equal Remuneration Convention, 1951 (No. 100), ratified .on 11 October 2001 23. Abolition. of Forced Labor Convention, 1957 (No. 105), ratified on: 15 February 1960 24. Discrimination (Employment and Ocoupation) Convention, 1958 (No. l l l ),.ratifjed on 24

1 anuary 1961 25. Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (No. 138), MinimtµJ:1 age specified: 14 years, ra,tified on6

July2006 26. Worst F01ms of Child Labor Convention, 1999 (No; 182),.ratified on 11 October 2001 'P. Lab9r Inspection Convention, 1947 (No. 81), ratified on 10 October 1953 28. Tripartite Consultation (International Labor Standards) Convention, 1976 (No. 144), ratified

01,1. 25 Oc.tober 19'94 29. WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control,.ratified 011 November 03, 2004 30, G¢neva Protocol on Asphyx.iating o.r Poisonous Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods,

Page 19 of 45

DCN: --:--- - -:---- ---- -- ~ IEE/or Agriculture Market Development (AMD)

1925, Ratified on 15 April 1960 31. Convention on the Prohibition of Biological Weapons, 1972, ratified on 3 October 1974 32. Convention prohibiting Chemical Weapons, 1993, ratified on 28 October 1997 33. Protocol on Blinding Laser Weapons (Protocol IV to the 1980 Convention), 13 October

1995; ratified on 05 December 2000 34. Convention prohibiting environmental modification techniques (ENMOD), 1976, ratified on

27 February 1986

4.5 USAID Climate Risk Screening Requirements

In the revised ADS 201, dated January 23, 2017, Climate Risk Management is a required analysis for new projects (ADS 201.3.3.13) and activities (201.3.4.5) . The Mandatory Reference for ADS Chapter 201, Climate Risk Management for USAID Projects and Activities, dated October 12, 2016, outlines the process, and provides tools for doing so.

4.6 USAID Environmental Compliance Requirements

United States Government laws require that all activities financed by USAID shall comply with the requirements of U.S. law 22 CFR 216 and stipulations in relevant ADS. Ensuring that USAID projects do not result in significant environmental and social impacts is guided by several actions, including arriving at a threshold decision in an IEE, developing monitoring and mitigation procedures, and including environmental compliance requirements in contracts, grants, cooperative agreements, and other project authorization documents (such as Activity Agreements for Government to Government projects). All environmental compliance requirements of U.S. law 22 CFR 216 as explained in this IEE shall be included and reflected in all sub-contracts, sub-grants, and sub-agreements under the Project.

To promote pesticide safety, US AID environmental regulations require the preparation of a Pesticide Evaluation Report and Safe Use Action Plan (PERSUAP) for any pesticide or chemical that is used as a pesticide. USAID prepared a program level PERSUAP for its activities in Pakistan. Certain waste materials may contain chemicals that are regulated by the PERSUAP. This project does not currently involve use of pesticide. In case a need arises for pesticide use or recommendation, the project will follow the BEO/OAPA-approved "2017 Pakistan Programmatic PERSUAP (2017 PPERSUAP), as amended, provided at: htll)://gemini.info.usaid.gov/egat/envcomp /repository/pdf/40676 .pdf

Page 20 of 45

DCN: _____ _____ _ IEE for Agriculture Market Development (AMD)

5.0 CLIMATE CHANGE INTEGRATION 5.1 Country Climate Change Information (Baseline Information) 15•

16•17

Pakistan has 11 climate zones due to its range of topographies and ecosystems, and each of these experiences different weather and climate patterns. Generally, the coastal areas of the country are dry and hot and the northern uplands get progressively cooler . The winter months (December-February) are cool and dry. The country experiences monsoons from June through September, with a lesser degree of monsoon activity in October and November .

Temperature: Widespread changes in extreme temperatures have been observed in Pakistan over the last 50 years. Cold or frosty days and nights have become less frequent, whereas hot days and nights and heat waves have become more frequent. According to Pakistan's Task Force on Climate Change, the temperature is projected to increase from the 1960-1999 baseline by 1.3°C by 2020, 2.5°C by 2050, and 4.4°C by 2080 under one scenario. Under another scenario, temperatures in Pakistan are projected to rise by 1.45°C, 2.75°C, and 3.87°C in 2020, 2050, and 2080, respectively.

Precipitation: Average rainfall in the arid and coastal plains of Pakistan has decreased by between 10 and 15 percent since 1960, while increasing during the same time period over northern Pakistan. Heavy rainfall events have increased, with the nine heaviest rains recorded in 24 hours all being registered in 20 I 0.

Sea Level Rise: The low-lying plains, along the coast of Pakistan, are exposed to the impacts of sea level rise, with conservative scenarios projecting an increase of 40 cm by 2100.

Extreme Events: Pakistan has experienced about 18 extreme weather events since 1990, including the historic 2010 floods, as well as droughts, cyclones, earthquakes, and landslides. Due to the heavy monsoon rains during the summer months, Pakistan often experiences severe flooding in the Indus River basin, where much of the population lives on low-lying lands. Rain or weather event-triggered landslides are common in the northern regions of Pakistan, particularly those connected to Azad Jammu Kashmir province. Lowland plains, especially those surrounding the urban areas of Karachi and Hyderabad, are vulnerable to the impacts of cyclones and stonn surge. Finally, sparse and erratic rainfall patterns can alter water tables, leading to drought conditions in the southern and central regions of Pakistan.

According to USAID/Pakistan Foreign Assistance Act (FAA) 118/119, Climate Change, and Ecosystem Services Assessment, and the Global Climate Risk Index (2017), Pakistan is one of the ten countries most affected by climate change and is highly vulnerable to future impacts .

15 Global Climate Risk Index 20 I 7, available at: https://gennanwatch,org/en/download/ 16411.pdf

16 USAID/Pakistan FAA I 18/119, Climate Change, and Ecosystem Services Assessment 17

Pakistan Climate Vulnerability Profile available at: https://www.climatclinks.org/resources/pakistan-climate­vulnerability-profile

Page 21 of 45

DCN: _____ ______ _ IEE/or Agriculture Market Development (AMD)

5.2 Project Activities And Recommended Climate Risk Management Actions:

The Agency Climate Risk Screening and Management Tool for use in activity design, updated February 23, 2017, was used to screen the Activity. The tool is a matrix that systematically identifies the relevant sectors, regions, and timeframes for analysis, and assesses the potential climate change impacts, adaptive capacity, and potential options to address those impacts. The tool includes specific questions related to climate risks for "Agriculture" and "Meat Sector" that were helpful in identifying specific risks and opportunities.

According to the Pakistan Climate Vulnerability Profile, mean temperatures across the country are projected to increase by around 2.5C by 2050 with projections for more rapid wanning in the south and in coastal zones, with temperature increases of I .4 to 3. 7 degrees according to climate models . The Pakistan National Disaster Management Agency projects that areas along the flood plain of the Indus River are especially at risk for flooding . In Sindh province, this includes all areas north of Hyderabad, and southern, eastern and north-eastern Punjab. Droughts are also expected to become more frequent and severe with climate change with high-risk areas being largely north of Hyderabad, in Sindh province, and the southern region of Punjab just above the border with Sindh . The potential climate impact for crop and livestock production in these areas is extreme precipitation events, flooding, heat waves, and drought.

For the convenience of this CRM assessment, all the tasks under the activity were grouped under 4 headings (Table I through 4) that allowed similar tasks under the Activity objectives 1 and 2 to be analyzed together. The Activity is providing either or a combination of technical assistance, training, and equipment and supplies for the tasks. The beneficiaries of the activity are non­government agricultural producers, marketing organizations, or small and medium agribusinesses. These organizations have varying adaptive capacities in terms of access to and use of information, human capacity, and access to finance with the larger organizations being better endowed . With the technical support being provided by the Activity, the adaptive capacities could be generalized as being reasonably good. USAID Pakistan is in the process of finalizing CRM for CDCS . Once finali zed, USAID-COR and AMD will incorporate recommendations from CDCS-CRM into the activity implementation.

A summary of the conclusions from the analysis for each task is presented in Table 1 through 4 below.

Table 1: Output Matrix: Climate Risks, Opportunities, and Actions for Meat Sector

Page 22 of 45

High Efficient Developing Training sessions on Propagation of and reduces feed partners have Irrigation System feeding regimes feed fonnulations to drought-resistant semi conversion limited may introduce appropriate to cope with climate breeds in feedlot urban ratios, and infonnation on technology coping with heat stress and areas of compromises climate transfer in stress, such as backgrounding central health of change, trained industry, improve addition of fatty Technical &south animals. manpower and crop productivity, contents, i.e. rice consultancies on HEIS Propagation of Punjab Damage to access to and new polishing. drought-resistant and fodder crops, institutes employment Awareness raising on seeds of fodder Sindh reduced however opportunities Farm building affordable weather crops

productivity, potential to construction may stations in feedlot and shortages invest. Smart climate allow ventilation framing I Highly efficient due to agriculture will and facilitate technology changing flourish, leading to comfort housing Guidance material on transfer patterns of common use of to cope with. climate-smart rain fall weather stations climate issues. agriculture

Scope for cost- Silage and hay In-kind grants for effective feeding making silage and hay making resources like technologies for machinery fodder trees and year-round Rhode grass will availability of flourish fodder

Develop insurance Cultivate products to reduce drought-resistant

losses from grasses such as

flooding; consider Rhode grass and fodder trees, and

finance Maringa plants mechanisms to for feedlot fodder.

Page23 of45

10 Punjab Heat stress years and compromises

Sindh fertility in cows and increases

Industry Moderate partners have limited information on climate

provide low-cost funds for recovery; heat­tolerant breeds of cattle identified and introduced

Industry will shift towards advanced technologies, resulting in flourishing of

DCN: _ ____ __ _ ___ _ IEE for Agriculture Market Development (AMD)

Planned season Training sessions and Innovation in the I NIL wise breeding consultancy services supply chain

to the industry equipment Adoption of advanced

I I

Page 24of 45

I I I .1 ,I., I ),: I I I 1 .. :1.l l II

\1111, i'-''--' I .I ,I,' '" 1111 •• .-1\.:11!11111,

I., 1·111..11 ,111'1,\ 1rt I I 11·

1111)11 \ .11 i \ -

·11'1'f• •.11,, l 1

1·,.,. I,'. I""·' 111,111~11

'-.'-I''' ,n .11 il'illc-111 .

10 years

Lahore and Karachi

cost of insemination

s

Heat stress compromises cooling units and quality of meats

change,trained manpower and access to institutes however potentiaJ to invest.

Industry partners have

limited information on

climate change, trained manpower and

access to institutes however

potential to invest.

Moderate

businesses and employment opportunities

SOPs of animal slaughtering will improve and meat

plants may be equipped with

advanced technologies

DCN: ___________ _ IEE for Agriculture Market Development (AMD)

technologies, such as synchronization ofheat

Buildings designed to allow for optimum drainage and air flow; raised floors

Waste management

Labs upgradation

Training sessions and consultancies

Standardization of abattoir operations

NIL

Table 2: Output Matrix : Climate Risks, Opportunities, and Actions for Mango Sector

I ~ I 1111,·­

! r.11111..:

l j,,_'l l-

~ r.q,h\

all

~ \ 11111.1k R1,,J.,

o-~ - l 11111.ik

I, I ,I. l, dl i:1~

b I ( 11111:il, l,hl. .; I 'l'I'' •I l1111111,·, \ l.111,1:.:,lllc Ill

{ 1,11111)',,.

Dono

capture the new markets, to meet the cost of exports in the international market. Ability to reach an

h ~ J '"" ( li111.1k

l\1-.I..., .ir-.: \~ldrc,"'1,:d Ill

Iii•: \,·1111!\ - s \"·,·1>kd \ 11111.11c'

Ri,h.,

Page25 of 45

DCN: IEE for Agriculture Market Development (AMD)

destination within 72 hours port to port

10 year I Local None N/A Low Opportunity to Increase in sales NIA IN /A NIL and increase the and profit intemati awareness of margins will onal marketing encourage the market organizations farmers to grow

on risks to the more crops, and industry posed use techniques to by climate increase per acre change. yield for

reduction in food

I None IN/A I None I NIA security issues

10 year I Multan I NIA I NIA I NIA I NIL and Sindh

Table 3: Output Matrix : Climate Risks, Opportunities, and Actions for Citrus Sector

I I I .,,h., I· lkli_n .. l "' I 2. I __ ; , .

1 I . .

1. r..1 1 li111.1k l{hL 1,.2: ll<1\\ l 11111.ik -: '\,·,t '-tq,, l<'i l\. \ceq,k,l

. _ l 1111.ik \, ,q'II\,· l 1111,lk , . . . \1111c 1•.11-",I I_ 1111,·- l 1e·<1· . . I . I I '1'1'"1'111111l1,·, \L11,;1c:,·11,c11I l,hh. , .11,· \,l,!1,•,,,·d Ill \ell\ II\ ( 11111,11-'

l{_i,..I,,_.., l .q,,1..._ll'- {i-.., · . · I ,1,f., ,,1· l1.1111e· '.21,ll'h' · . I '1'111111·. !he· \ell\ 11, l1111,k111,·nt,lll<11t l<hh.,

· R.11111c: · lllh.l\i. .:1tl1\ll),

Page26 of 45

DCN: IEE for Agriculture Market Development (AMD)

IO Year I Punjab I None

I I Low

Provides an Trainings are IN/A I NI/A INIL (Sargod opportunity to provided on ha) educate activity impact of climate

beneficiaries , change on and public agriculture officials on the productivity and risks posed to effective use of the citrus sector tools and by climate equipment for change and minimizing the examine impact on the adaptation environment measures; provide training on sustainable production practices

I 10 year I Punjab ]Extreme Hiring of Moderate High-density Effective Capacity building for Awareness for I NIL

(Sargod precipitation ISTTA for plantation of planning of beneficiaries to adjust high-density ha) leading to contract kinnow events to avoid to shifts in seasons and plantation

surface fanning to orchards to overburden on rainfall; introduce campaign, flooding that supplement the reduce the heat product and improved production judicious use of disrupts supply of stress, make participants methods that optimize water for supply quality fruits contingency water use orchards, chains; heat plans for provision of shade waves disruption of for field workers, causing the regular and work time stress to supply adjustments fruits/ schedules according to heat products and waves workers

Page27 of45

DCN: IEE fo r Agriculture Market Development (AMD)

10 year I Local None NIA Low Opportunity to Increase in sales I NIA I NIA I Nil and increase the and profit intemati awareness of margins will onal marketing encourage the market organizations farmers to grow

on risks to the more crops and industry posed use techniques to by climate increase per acre change yield for

reduction in food securi issues

JO year Punjab None NIA Low NIA NIA I NIA I NIA I NIL (Sargod ha)

Table 4: Output Matrix : Climate Risks, Opportunities, and Actions for High Value Off Season Sector (HVOSV)

I I I ,hk,

l),·li11,d ,,, I.:' I : .' 1. \ I

11

h. I l .li11L1k Rhk I>-~ 11 .. 11 ( 11111.ik - \,,·\I "kl" lnr X. hl·,·1,1..:d I I

. ( 1111,lk l .1pl11,· l 111!.ik" . . . . \1111, 1p.1k, 1111,·- l ".,,_

1, , .

1•

1 .' 1 'l'l''"·111n111,·, \l.1111~,-111,·111 Rhk, .ir,· \,l ,li·," ,·d 111 \c11, 11:, . l l.1111.11L· '''I'\" t .1p.11 •. 11, ,t .. , I ,,k, "' 11,1111, ~, .q,111 . I . 111,11<111, iii, · \(II\ ,1, l1111,k111,·11l.1ll<'II R1sk,

- . \.Jll!l'_ . l11h.'r\\.ll\l1llh ·

Page 28 of 45

DCN : __ _____ _ _ __ _

IEE/or Agriculture Market Development (AMD)

Lahore, I None I Agriculture and Low Provides an Trainings are I N//A I N//A TNJl Karachi relevant opportunity to provided on

departments educate activity impact of climate have limited beneficiaries change on focus on and public agriculture climate research officials on the productivity, and and risks posed to effective use of development the agricultura l tools and

sector by equipment for climate change minimizing the and examine impact on the adaptation environment measures; provide training on sustainable production practices

Lahore, Extreme NI/A Moderate Introduce seed Effective Capacity building for NI/A NIL

Karachi precipitation varieties that planning of beneficiaries to adjust events, and are adapted to events to avoid to shifts in seasons and flooding that heat stress; the overburden on rainfall; introduce disrupts make the product and improved production supply contingency participants methods that optimize chains; heat plans for water use waves disruption of causing the regular stress to supply products and schedules/sourc workers es; back up

power supply to cool warehouses; make contingency ,Jans for

Page 29 of 45

IO year I Lahore Heat stress lmproved Moderate and that technology for Karachi challenges reduction in

cooling heat stress units;

JO I Karachi I None fNIA I Low Years

10 I Sindh- IN/A I Improved Low Years Gharo technology for

adaption of new improved technology and varieties for high-value vegetables/fruit in the international market

disruption of the regular market outlets

Consider integrating insurance product development and support; develop finance mechanisms for technology improvements;

I NIA

Seedless varieties are more productive and more popular in the international market; this will increase the profits of the farmers and improve the food security situation of the

DCN: ___ _ _ ____ __ _

IEE/or Agricultw-e Market Development (AMD)

Ensure cold Cold storage facilities IN/A I NIL storage facilities will have adaptability are adaptable to to periods of high heat periods of high stress; supported by heat stress; have backup power supply available backup and compressors. power supply, and compressors; design cold storage units to compensate for

I weather NIA I NIA I NIA INIL

INM- l N/A I NIA I Nil

Page 30 of 45

JO Years

JO Years

Sindh None

Karachi I None

NIA

NIA

area overall

Low NIA

Low NIA

DCN: _ ____ ____ _ _ _

IEE for Agri culture Market Development (AMD)

NIA NIA NIA NIL

NIA NIA NIA NIL

Page 31 of 45

DCN: _________ _ /EE/or .Agricu/ii1re Market Development (AMD)

·6.0 PROGRAM ACTIVITIES AND .RECOMMENDED THRESHOLD D~CISIONS & MITIGATION ACTIONS (IN_CLUDING MONITORING AND EVALUATION):

This tE.E satisfies the conditions. of the environmental procedures for project activities and delegation bf en;vitonmental review responsibility to Missions.

6.1 Environm~nt1d Threshold Determinations The.following determinations are.recommended:

6.1.1 Categorical Ex~lusfoo per 22· C:fR 216.2( c)(2)(i), It is.recommended for technical assistance, in-ltjnd and monetary grant activities associated with implementation, and the implementation of proposed actions that do not ·have an effect on the natural or physical environment. TJ,e. life of project value j(Jr tl,e sum ·(Jr tliese· acti,vi(ies is n()( to exceed $14.86 mil(ioii (70% of LOP amqrmt), Such activities· may include the foll0,wing:

•: PrQject/activity management-and-other such administrative activities; • ·Technical assistance; capacity building1 or training activities [22CFR216.2(c)(2)(i)] • Public awareiless/comtnunic:ation/outteach campaigns, media ·campaign$,

advocacy/informatiqn ca,mpaign·s, and public infontlatfon campaigns • Information and experience sharing sessions [22CFR216,2(c)(2)(iii)] • Studies required to support activities of the project [22CFR216.2(c)(2)(iii)) • Analyses, investigations, reviews, assessments, restructuring and business plans,

planning, studies (feasibility. monitoring, 'impact evaluation, artci other social/technical studies, etc.), surveys, mapping, workshops, seminru;s, conferences, meetings, enterp_rise resource planning, .consultations, GIS mapping, policy and governance assistance [22CFR216.2(c)(2)(iii)h

• · Preparation of environmental documentation, including environmentally required studi~s. [22CFR216.2(c)(2)(iii)1

• Activities which have no potential environmental impacts, including those activities not requiring a. BEO-OAP A approved EA according to USAID procedures or EIA according to Pakistan Environment Laws. The, US AID environmental procedures are governing in this C8$~.

6.1.2 Negative Determination with Conditions (NDC) per CFR 216,3(a) (2)(iii), A Negative Determination with Conditions is re.commended for all other activities undertaken in the projeo.ts that are not listed above, for which-a Categorical Exclusion is recommended. The a:ctlvitfos qualifying for a Negative Determination with Conditions .are :further defined in Sectlon 6.5, Summary Threshold Determinations, Table 5, in this IEE. These.activities may have potentially minor to moderate adverse,impacts.on the pb,ysical and natural environment. 'The life ofprojectvalueforfh'e. -sum of these activities is not (o exceed $6.37 million (30% of LOP a,r,ount). These activities. are reqommended IOI.'. Negative Determination with Conclttion~ per 22 CFR 216.3(a)((2)(iii)~ the-Threshold Decision Conditibns being~

Page 32 of 45

DCN: __________ _ IEE/or. Agricillture Market Developmerit (AMD)

a) In accordance with Agency policy and USAID/Pakistan Mission Order 200.8 on ConstructionOversight Procedur.es,;dated 12/10/2013, adequate USAID engineering oversight must be applied to ensure that environmentally sound design, specifications, materials, monitoring and evaluation (M&E), apd best managem~nt practices (BMPs) to: • Minimize. impact on th~ environment during the desjgn,Jmplementatfon, and life: of

operatiQn of the activities. • Milll;miZe erosiqn, debris @nd waste production, and proper disposal of debri_s and waste.

b) AMD·isrequired.to evaluate climate-related risks and vulnerabilities, and to adjust.activities,. as appropriate, ba$ed on relevant analysis.

c) AMb is requtied to evaluate and integrate.ecosystem services,-~ warrant¢d, irtto planning, design, and implementa:tiqn of site~specifi:c ac~ivities.

6.2 Mitigation, Monitoring, and Evaluation

Project activities will have differing Mitigation, Monitoring:; and Evaluation requirements.

1. Categ9r!cal Exclusioµ: These activities will have no effect on the envil'oilment and require no Mitigation, Monitoring and Eval:uatjon.

2, Nl:gativ.e Determi,;4tio11 wit" Co11ditio~is (NDC}: Such facilities caii have minor or mo.derate adverse effe¢t on the environment and require Mitigation, Monitoring, and Evaluation .me~ures .. An Environme~tal Declaration Fofiil (EDF) is r~quire4 for each activity so classified. In.preparing the EDFs, the ht).plemen~erwill identify potential adverse environni.ental risks and impactsJ and will identify mitigation measures.

All activities-that warrant a Negative Detet11iinqtio11 wit!, Con(litio1ts. or aPo$itive Determillat/011 must meet the following conditions:

• A. site and rdf.ite-specific EDF _and Environmental Mitlga:tion and Monitoring Plan (EMMP} identifying potential adverse environmental risks and impacts, mitlgation measures~ monitoring and inspection schedule,, and entities. required to en~µte co.mpliance with the EMMP must be developed and approved by-the A/CORand MEO/DMEO·prior to commencement ofa NDC activity. Monitoring and mitigation activities must be incor_pot&ted into Annual Work Plans and Performance Monitoring Plans. Templates for the EDF and EMMP are attached (Attachments i .and 2, tespectively)° to this IEE. Previously­developed environmental manuals may be adapted t~ the scope of wprk ofactiv ities, as appropriate.

• If the completed EDF indicates the potential fot significatit adverse environmental and social impacts, an Environmental Ass~ssmeM (EA) process will be la.unched .in consultation with the MEO/DMEO·and with the concurrence of the Regional E;nvironmental Advisor-OAPA (REA­OAPA). The process will follow the requirements of22 CFR 216.6 and will involve: l) de:veloping a scope of work to be reviewed: and approved. by the BEO/OAPA; 2) public consu,l~tion with potentially affecte4 people and key-relev&nt stakeholders, 3.) a Scoping

Page33 of45

DCN: __________ _ _ IEE/or Agriculture Market Development (AMD)

Statement to be reviewed and approved by the BEO/OAP A, 4) a draft EA report subject to public consultation with potentially affected people and key relevant stakeholders, and review and approval by duly national and/or provincial environmental authority, 5) EA report to be reviewed and approved by the BEO/OAPA; 6) findings and recommendations of the EA report with an EMMP to be presented in an amendment to this IEE, duly reviewed and approved in the Mission and by the BEO/OAP A.

• The activity grant manual must include a separate annex on Environmental Compliance Requirements that outlines the procedures for screening of activities with the requisite EDF/EMMP templates attached. This annex may be adapted from previously approved environmental compliance guidelines approved in the Mission.

• Quarterly Reports will include a section entitled Environmental Compliance that provides details on indicators, mitigation efficacy, and unintended environmental consequences of activities .

The following additional references may help in the preparation of Environmental Manual (EM), EDFs and their Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plans (EMMPs).

a) Environmentally Sound Design (ESD) Sector Environmental Guidelines, on USAID GEMS website, discusses potential environmental impacts, mitigation measures, and monitoring measures for Agriculture, Livestock , Dryland Agriculture, and Food Processing etc. http ://www.usaidgems.org/sectorGuideline s.htm

b) Guidance Manual for Developing Best Management Practices, USEPA - Best management practices (BMPs) are recognized as an important part of controlling releases of pollutants to receiving waters and reduce costs as well as pollution risks through source reduction and recycling/reuse techniques. http://www.epa.gov/npdes /pubs/owm0274 .pdf

c) International Finance Corporation (IFC) Environmental, Health and Safety Guideline -http ://www.ifc.o rg/wps/wcm/connect/554e8d80488658e4b76af76a65 l 5bb l 8/Final%2B­%2BGenera l%2BEHS%2BGuideline s.pdf?MOD=AJPERES

d) European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (ERBD) Sub-Sectoral Environmental and Social Guidelines at: http ://www .ebrd.com/about/p olicies/enviro/sectoral/

e) http ://www.epa.gov/oecaagct/ag 101/printdairy.html f) http ://www.aphi s.usda .gov/wps/portal/aphis/home g) http ://www.centerforfoodsafety .org/issues/ l 040/mad-cow -disease/govemment-regulation-

273# h) http ://www. dpi. vie . gov .au/agriculture /about-agriculture / legislation-regulation/anima l-

welf are-legislation/ codes-of-practice-animal-welfare /accepted-fanning-practice-catt le i) http ://ir.library .oregonstate.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle /1957 /202 l 9/em8827 .pdf j) http ://www.uaex.edu/publications /pdf/FSA-3118.pdf k) http://www.fao.org/docrep /004/x6500e/X6500E02 .htm

The implementer will use environmentally sound designs, specifi cations, and materials; monitor and evaluate environmental impacts during implementation; follow environmental impact mitigation measures detailed in the EMMP; use international best management practices (BMPs) acceptable to USAID; and submit to USAID reporting as detailed in the site specific EMMP . All

Page 34 of 45

DCN: ______ ----,-__ ...,....,._,... IEEfor Agriculiure·Market Development (AMJ)).

applicable GOP ep.vir.omnental requirements will be satisfied prior to commencement of work, during implementation, .and as requir~d post-'commissioning,

6.3 Additional Conditions

6.~.1 USAID A/COR and Project Manager Responsibility

The .NCOR sll.all ensure that:

a) AU conditions, limitations, and stipulation for revisions are fiiily transposed into relevant procurement instruments, and A/COR together with th~ MEO sh~ll explaii). ilies~ to th~ co~tractor(s) atth.e "post aw~d" conference

b) Du~ing.implementation of activities; all requirements defined in EDFsi and in tl:).eir· attached EMMPs, will be complied with. Compliance reporting is complete :and submitted to the A/COR for.review according to the agreed schedule.

c) All activity work plans include.the reqQ.ired.cnmpliance/initig~tion measures, including the apptopl'.iate IEE, EDF, and EMMP references, and progress.reports must di.scuss status and progress in mitigation and compliance actions,

d) All engineedng/construction designs, guidance, and specifications are submitted fo the USAID. Office of ln:frasttucture. and Engineering for review and approvai that they meet 11pplicable envirotunental, OHS, and· constructiop. -.standiµ-ds. No work shall commence prior to receipt of such approval(s ).

e) All EDF/EMMPs and climate risk screening are reviewed and approved bythe A/COR, MEO/DMEO and the CIL, afid maintained in official project .files.

f) No ''NegattVe Oet.ermination with Conditions (NOC)"' activities shaff be cort4Ucted prior to receiving approv1;1l of the EDF/EMMP from the, A/COR and MEO.

g) All environmental compliance requirements of U.S. law 22 CFR 216 and all environmental conditions established in this IEE, shall be duly transposed in the Request for Proposal/Assistance (RFP./A), Contract, and all sub-cont,racts,

h) A/CORmonitors·the hnplemente~•s p(oces$es and required reportip.g.of inspections as per the EMMP to ensure compffance with 22 CFR 216 req~iremeµts throughout the life of the Conttact/ Agreement.

6.3.2 Imphmi:~n.t~ng Pattn~l". Responsil)iiity

The Implementer shall ensure that: a) Ali activities will be implemented in accordance with Pakistani envirorimental,

bc~upa.tiona,1 Health and Safety (O.HS), and constrµction.,regulations, statida1'ds,.rio1ms and guidelines, and nation~ obligations under ratified international environmental agreements (see: http://www.environment.gov.pk ), conditions established in the apprbved EAs done for each project and in their ·absence in accordance with the best international practice appropriate to the seismicity and flood cortditio.ns in .Paldstan, arid in respective districts. These sh.ould b~-acceptabJe to USAID.

b) The Implementer shall include environment compliance consideration!'! in all aspects of

Page 35 of45

DCN: _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _ _ IEE/or Agriculture Market Development (AMD)

project implementation and will promote and train local counterparts on env ironmental requirements and standards across all of the project's activities . Such proposed activities will be included in annual work plans, and results will be reported in annual reports .

c) The Implementer will have adequate funds to implement environmental mitigation and monitoring measures and will have qualified, A/COR and MEO-approved environmental impact professional(s) (EIP) who will assess and recommend environmental actions to be taken by the project and will coordinate implementation of mitigation measures, monitoring, and reporting.

d) The implementer is required to prepare a site or route-specific EDF and EMMP identifying potential adverse environmental risks and impacts, mitigation measures, monitoring and inspection schedule, and entities required to ensure compliance with the EMMP. The referred EDF/EMMP must be developed and approved by the A/COR and MEO prior to commencement of the activity. Monitoring and mitigation activities must be incorporated into Annual Work Plans and Performance Monitoring Plans. A Template for the EMMP is attached to this IEE.

e) The Implementers shall minimize the use of, and properly dispose of, hazardous materials and wastes for all project activities. The Implementers will adhere to US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) guidance at www .epa .gov/asbestos and www.epa.gov /lead/ pubs/renovation.htm for dealing with asbestos and lead.

f) The recipient will properly manage and dispose of equipment (computers, electric power generation & distribution equipment, laboratory equipment, etc.) when its useful life ends. All such equipment will be disposed of in an environmentally safe manner by a certified company in accordance with Pakistani laws, and in their absence, in accordance with international best practices acceptable to USAID. (Alternatively, when procuring equipment from a licensed provider/dealer an agreement may be reached that such equipment will be returned to the dealer for its environmentally safe disposal.) For procuring of electronic and miscellaneous equipment and furniture, the Implementers will adhere to USAID ' s general policies on commodity eligibility provided at http ://www .usaid.gov/ads/policy/3 00/3 12 and will not finance unsafe or ineffective products , such as certain pesticides , food products, or pharmaceuticals and other commodities not eligible for financing under this policy.

g) All environmental conditions established in this IEE, including completed EDFs, EMMPs, and EAs shall be duly transposed into the Contract(s), Cooperative Agreement(s), and all sub-contracts and sub-agreements.

h) Implementer(s) shall document and regularly report to USAID on implementation of Negative Determination with Conditions (NDC) activities; reporting will include photographic documentation and site visit reports confirming implem entation of the agreed EMMP, photos of site-specific activities prior to, during, and after rehabilitation and renovation activities, and during operation. All Environmental Compliance Reports will provide details on indicators, mitigation efficacy, and unintended environmental consequences of activities. All inspection reports made by the implementing partner must be in writing , signed by the implementing partner's representative.

i) All activities that provide "drinking" or potable water require water quality testing . This testing provides proof that the water meets minimum GOP and World Health

Page 36 of 45

DCN: _______ ___ _ IEE for Agriculture Market Development (AMD)

Organization (WHO) potable water standards determining that the water is safe to drink, and to set a baseline so that any future degradation can be detected. Among the water quality tests that must be performed are tests for the presence of arsenic, and the design must ensure that potable water meets USG drinking water standards for arsenic . The Implementer must assure that the (WHO and GOP) standards, and testing procedures are followed for potable water supply activities under this program. The water must be tested at least each quarter for a one year period.

j) This clearance is granted on the condition that all mitigation and monitoring measures specified in the environmental review are binding requirements .

6.4 Responsibility for Compliance

a) The USAID Economic Growth and Agriculture Office Team Leader, Team Members, A/COR, and MEO are responsible for ensuring full compliance with 22 CFR 216 , the Agency's environmental procedures, during implementation of their operating unit's strategy. The A/COR authority and responsibilities are delegated by the Contracting/Agreement Officer. The responsibilities of the A/COR and Development Objective Teams include designing, monitoring, and modifying programs, projects , activities and amendments, and Activity Approval Documents.

b) The A/CO Rs and MEO will closely monitor all sub-project/activity development. Mission Order 200.6 and Mission Order 200.5 require the MEO to be a core member of all activity design teams. The A/CORs and MEO will ensure that all activities have appropriate initial environmental reviews included and formalized in BEO approved IEEs.

c) The Mission's Climate Integration Lead (CIL) in the Office of Program Management is a resource person for guidance and advice on climate risk assessment, monitoring and mitigation, and the integration of climate resilience in strategies, projects , and activities in the Mission.

d) The primary burden of field compliance with USAID's environmental regulations falls on implementing partners (contractors, grantees, and participating agencies) who receive USAID funds for activities. Each implementing partner must demonstrate to USAID/ Pakistan that it is in compliance with USAID's environmental regulations . The USAID A/COR is responsible to ensure compliance through oversight management, regular monitoring, and review of reports.

e) USAID/Pakistan is responsible for conducting IEEs prior to obligation of funds to implementing partners, and for actively monitoring ongoing activities for compliance, modifying or ending activities that are not in compliance, and ensuring that adequate time and resources are available to bring all activities into compliance with the requirements of this IEE (ADS 204.5.4). If additional activities not described in this document are added to this project, an amended environmental examination must be prepared.

6.5 Summary Table:

A summary of the Threshold Determinations for the project activities are presented in below Page37 of45

DCN: __ ______ __ _ _

IEE/or Agriculture Market Development (AMD)

Table-5;

Activities

• Project/ Activity Management • Technical assistance, capacity building, advocacy, training

activities except to the extent such programs include activities directly affecting the environment.

• Financial, accounting, management, and other capacity building

• Development of manuals and documents, etc. • Studies required to support activities of the project/program • Analyses, investigations, reviews, assessments, restructuring

and business plans, planning, studies (feasibility, monitoring, impact evaluation, environmentally required studies, and other social/technical studies, etc.), surveys, mapping, workshops, seminars, conferences , meetings, policy reforms, resource planning, policy and governance assistance

• Document and information transfer

Effects on natural or physical environment No adverse effect on the natural or physical environment.

No adverse effect on the natural or physical environment.

No adverse • Public awareness/communication/outreach campaigns , media effect on the

campaigns, advocacy/information campaigns, and public information campaigns

• Discussion panel(s) organized on television/ radio and/or other conference and meetings

• Public service announcements (PSAs) produced for print media social media, television and radio

natural or physical environment.

Determination and Regulation 216 action required Categorical Exclusion per 22 CFR 216 .2(c)(2)(i)

Categorical Exclusion per 22 CFR 2 I 6.2(c)(2)(iii)

Categorical Exclusion per 22 CFR 216.2(c)(2)(v)

Provision of Minor to Negative Determination with Conditions per 22 CFR 216 .3 furniture, office moderate (a)(2)(iii) equipment, adverse The recipient will properly manage and dispose of equipment (tools, laboratory effects on the machines, vehicles, computers; IT equipment, multimedia, equipment (e.g. natural or laboratory, electronic etc.) when its useful life ends. All such thermometers, physical equipment will be disposed of in an environmentally safe manner by clamps, environment. a certified company in accordance with Pakistani laws, and in their autoclaves), absence, in accordance with international best practices acceptable to tools, machines, USAID . (Alternatively, when procuring equipment from a licensed vehicles, provider/dealer an agreement may be reached that such equipment computers; IT will be returned to the dealer for its environmentally safe disposal.) equipment, For procuring of electronic and miscellaneous equipment and multimedia, furniture , the Implementers will adhere to USAID's general policies laboratory, on commodity eligibility provided at electronics, etc. http ://www .usaid.gov/po licy/ads/300/3 125 l m.pdf and will not

finance unsafe or ineffective products, such as certain pesticides, food products, or pharmaceuticals, and other commodities not eligible for financing under this policy.

Page 38 of 45

Strengthening supply linkages·

Cold Chain Strengthening and Development for High Val1,1e; Off-Season Vegetables.

Improve post-har.v.estpractices through mango hubs:

Establish modern proc,essing of oleoresin extraction for .domestic and exp()_rt markets.

Develop commercial feedlots for cattle.

Breed Improvement

Strengthen packing ·pJarit operations.

DCN: --.-----'-------­IEE/or Agriculture Market .Development (AMD)

A/COR is re:quired to rev.iew the equipme11t purch(lse to see that there is relevant discussion'about disposal 'in the documents that accompany the eQuioment_to the end user.

OB.iECTIVE 1 Minor to mqderate Negative Detcrm_biation with Conditions per 22 adverse effects on CFR 216.3 (2)(iii); Conditions are that these the namral or projects/activities have a site ;spe.cific EDF with an physical EMMP stjbmitted for the approval ofthe .A/COR .environment. and MEO. Refer to Section 6.2 - 6.3· above for

other conditions. Minor to moderate Negative Determination with Conditio.ns pel'22 adverse effects on. CPR 216:3 (2)(iii); Conditions-are that these the natural or proj_ects/activities. have a site specific EDF with an-physical EMMP submittep. for the approval. of the A/COR environment. and MEO. Refer to Section 6.2 - 6.3 above for

other conditions. Minor to moderate Negative Determination with Conditions per 22 adverse effects on CFR '.2163 (2)(iii); Condhions,are thatthe:se the _natural or projects/activities have asite -specffic EDF with an physical EMMP submitted for the approval of the A/COR ehvironmeilt. and MEO. Refer to .Section 6.2 - 6.3 above for

other conditions. M.inor to moderate Negative Determination with Conditions per 22 a!iverse effects on CFR 216.3 (2)(iii); Conditions.~e that these the natural or projects/activities have·a sit~ specific EDF with an physical EMMP-submitted for the approval of the A/COR environment. and MEO. Refer to Section 6.2 - 6.3 above for

other cc:mditions. Minor .to moderate- Negative! D~termin,ation·wlth Conditions per 22 adverse effects on CFR 216.3 (2)(iii); CondifiQns are thatthese the natural or projects/activities have· a site specific EDF with an physical EMMP submitted for the approval of the A/COR environment. and MEO .. Refer to Section 6.2 - 6:3 above. fo.r

other conditions. Minor to moderate N~gaflve Determin,ation with ComJitions per 22 adverse effects on CPR 21(>.3 (2)(iii); Conditions are that these the natural.or projects/activities have a site specific EDF with an physical' EMMP submitted for the approval ofthe A/COR e~vironm~nt. and 1yf~O. Refer to Section 6_.'.2 - 6.3 above for

other conditions. Mfoor to moderate Negative Determination with Conditions per_22 adverse effects on CFR 216.3 -(2)(iii); Conditions are that these the n~tilral or projects/activities have a site soecific EDF with an

Page39 of45

DCN: __________ _ IEE jot' Agriculture Mqr#t l)evelopfftent (AMD)

physical EMMP submitted for the approval of the A/COR and environment. MEO. Refer to Section 6.2 --6 .3 above for other

conditions; Strengthen abattoir Minor to moderate Negative Determination with Conditions per 22 operations adverse effects oil CFR 2.16.3 (2)(iii); Conc;litions are that these

the natur~l or projec(s/activities have a site specific EDF with an physical EMMP submitted for the approval of the A/COR and environment. MEO. Refer to Section 6.2 - 6.3 above for other

.conditions. OBJECTIVE2

Faciiitate Minor to moderate Negative Determination with Conditions-per 22 certi_n,ca.tfoljs and adverse effects on CFR 216.3 {2)(iii); Conditions are that these ,standards the natural or projects/activities have a site specific· EDF with~ compliance. plwsical ·EMMP submitted for the approval ofthe A/COR and

environment. .MEO. Refer tt> Sectio.1,1 6.2 - ·6.3 above for other condidons.

• Facil(tate a~ess to international markets·. No adverse Categorical • Facil.itate market l_in)q1ge_s. effe~t t>n the · Exclu$ion per 22,

• Consolid~te and Strengthen position in ~xisting -natural or CfR 216.2(c)(2)(i) market place physical

• Training and Capacity Development. That includes: envirohment. impart guidelii1es around tra:de show preparation, professional b1,1siness conduct, busines!l networking and requisite follow-up activities

7.0 ALLOCATION, TRAINING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS: a) R~pqi:ts wiUhe submitted to the A/CQR. b) Progress reports submitted by Implementing Partners to US AID ·shall contain. a section

specific to ·.enviionmental mitigation and monitoring and will includephotographjc do.cumentation,_ site visit reports and project.summaries along_ with environmental impacts, success 9r failure of mitigation measures :being•implemented, resutts of environmental monitoring, and any maJor modifications or revision~ to th~ project, environm.ental mitigation measures, or environmental monitoring procedures.

c) On the reque·st.o:f the Implementer, the.A/COR and MEO/DMEO will provide. training on the environmental complim,ice as appropriate. The A/CORs will-determine when and if this training is requi~ed. Th~ A/COR or MEO/DMEO will explain to the Implemertti,:ig Pattner{s) al1 ·environmental conditions established in this IEE and their applicabilicy to .specific activities.

d) The PrbgtclJ11 Manager/COR are encouraged to continue monitoring the-possible impacts of climate chllllge on project activiti~ as circumstances ·may change. The CIL is a technical resource for guidance on climate risk assessment, mohit~ring and mitigation.

e) All USAID implementers and beneficiaries-that use or procure pesticides with.project assistanc_e perform ]PM· and Safe Pesticide Use training in accordance with ·the

Page 40 of45

DCN: __________ _ IEE for Agriculture Market Dev_elop,nent (AMD)

recommendat.ions of BEO/OAPA-approved ''2017 Pakistan Programmatic· PERS UAP (2017 PPERSU.AP), as amended, provided at: . . . http://gemini.info.usaid.gov/egat/envcomp/repository/pdf/40676.pdf

8.0 LIMITATIONS OF THE IEE:

This assistatl.~ does not cover-a;ctivities iµvolying:

a) Assistance, procurement or·use ofgeneticaJly modi'fied·organisms(GMOs) will require preparation of a biosafoty assessment (review) in accordance with ADS 201.3.9.3.b in an ·amendment to the IEE reviewed by the Agency Biosafety Review Advisor and concurrently approved by BEO/OAP A. .

b) Assistance, procurement or use of non-native, potentially invasive species offlo~a and faumh will require,preparation of an appropriate_ ~sessm~nt and an amendment-to the IEE reviewed and approved by BEO/OAPA.

c) Procurement. or.use of AsbestQs, Lead and Mercury Containing Materials -(ALM CM) i.e. pip,ing,_roofJng, etc., Polychlotinated Biphenyl's (PCB) or other toxic/hazardous. matetials prohibited by the US EPA as provided at; http://www.epa.gov/asbcstos,. http://www2.epa,gov/lead,·http://www.epa.gov/mercury/_and/or under international ~nvitonmental agreements and conventions (e.g. Stockholm Convention on Persistent Org~c Pollutipns as provided at: http~//chm.pops.int}.

d) USAID/Pakistan restricts the use ofUSAID funds, directly or indirectly, to produce, acquite, U$e, transport, store, sell1 or·otherwise-deal with ammonium nitrate (AN) and calcium ~inonium rutrate (CAN) for agricuitural or rehabilitation and renovation activities and consttuction/demolitfort purposes;

e) Global Development Alliimces (GD As) and/or Deyelopmen~ Credit Authority (DCA) activities.

MY of these actions would require an amendment to the IEE duly approved by the BEO/OAPA.

9.0 REVISIONS In accordance with 22 CFR 216.3(a)(9), ifa prqjeot/activityis revised or new infonnat.ion becomes available which indicates that a proposed action might .be "major" and its environmental effects are '\~igniti~ant,'' tben the existing environmental threshold determination, as·approved in Ole project/activity IE;E,·will be reviewed and revised. This. work is done by the technical office and submitted through the Mission Environmental Advisor (MBA) t9_ the Bureau Environmental Officer (BEO) in OAPA.for approval. If warranted, an EA.will be laun(,}hed in accordance to 22 CFR 2l6.3(a)(4). It is the responsibility of the. Agreement/Contracting Officer'.s Represent~tive (C,OR/ AOR) / Project Manager (PM) to inform the MBA and BEO-QAP A, iri a timely manner, ofany changes in the IEE. These changes to the JEE may warrant its r¢vision to the approved environmental threshold decision.

Page41 of45

DCN: __________ _ lEEfor Agriculture Matk~t l)evelopme_nl (AMD)

Attachment 1 -~-•i"'••-1.,•, . • ;;.· ... , • t,. " • •

US Agency for Intern_atio .. al Development (USAID) l l~~§tj Environmental Documentation Form (EDF)

U.S.~Paklstaii Partnership for Agricultural Market Development (AMD)

A A. I' tl i . ,DD. 1can_ n orma on ti Contractor/grantee ( organiz~tion) Parent grant or project Individual contact and title Address,. phone and email (if available)

Activio/ (brief desctiptiop.) Amount

Location of ·activity Start and end date of activity

BA ... . ctrv1t1es, screc.-me resu Its d ,,.-an recomm·tm. e . e erm111.a 10n d d d t f TABLE 1 Screening result Recom_mended Determinations

(Step 3 of (Step 6 of instructions. Complete instruction~) for all mode~ate.and high-risk

activities) Proposed Sub-activities With

No sp_ecifled Very_ Moderat~ High ~ignini;ant mitigatio.n, Significant Low no Adverse Risk Risk Risk adverse significant impac~ impact adve_rse

impact, 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6, (continue on additional page if necessary) C. Summ ofrecommended determinations

The activi. contains .. , D Ver · low dsk sub-activities D After environmental review, sub-activities

det¢rmined to have no significant adverse negative determination(s) im: acts

0 After environmental review, sub-activities .de~rmined to have ·no significant adverse negative (jetermiflation(s) with conditions im acts iven a ro riate miti atioJt

Page 43· of 45

DCN: __________ _ IEE/or Agriculture Market Development (AMD)

and moniiol'.inl!. D After environmental review, sub-activities

determined to have significant adverse positive de.termination(s) impacts

.D. Certification: I, the ·undersigned, certify that: i . The infonnation on thls fonn is o.orrect a,nd complete 2. The following .actions ·have been and will be taken to assure that the activity complies with .environmental requirements established for AMD under the Code of Federal Regulations 22 CFR219:

Ttiese design elements ancf best practices will be followecJ .it). implementing this activity, except·with the appl'oval of'USAID.

Any sp.ecific mitigation or monitoring measures described in the attached information wiil be iniplemented:in their ·endrety.

Compliance with these conditions will be,regQlarly confirmed and g.ocwrtented by on"site inspections during the activity and at its completion.

(Signature) {Date) BELOW TJIIS LINE FOR U.SAID USE ONLY A roval USAIDAOR • Approved D Re'ected riot name s1 ature· .USAJDMEO ·o Approveq. D Re' ected rint name si ature USAID comments: (if documentation is rejected, comments · must be provid~d to appli~ant)

Page 44 of 45·

- -- --------· ··---· ·· . .

·DCN: __________ _

IEE for .Agric•utture Market Develqpment .(AMD)

Attachm¢lit 2 ·~· -:.--:.-;--:r..:r·(.1;''.r•·

US Agency for International Development (USAID) / l3~f~ '.g Environmental Mitigation & Monitoring Plan (EMMP)

U,S.-Pakistan Partnership for. Agricultural Market Deve}Qpment (AMD)

• An EMMP shouI~ either be included in or developed for (1) all IEEs that have at least one ·"Negative Determination with Conditions" (or for activities for which an: environmental review has been completeq pursuant to an IEE requir~ment) and (2) all Environmental Asses~mertts (EAs).

• If ·the EMMP is not. developed as paq qf the )'.f:E1 the implement,ing partner should usually lead development of the,EMMP ~ subject to review and oversight by the. MEO and AOR.

•·· In all cases, the tasks identified in ·the EMMP are incorporated into the implementing partner~s Work .Plan, budget, an.ci reporting.

• The following EMMP fotmijt_is-re~ommertded. It can be adapted, as n~C€;ssai:y.

Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan: Activity Title: Im leme:ntin Partner:

List aJl If mitigation Specify tndfoators· For example: If aqtivitiefl in mea_sures are to ( 1) deteniline if "monitor appropriate, IEE that well-,specified mitigation is fa weekly, and -separately received a in the IEE,. place and (2) report in ~pecifythe ''negative quote directly .successful. quarterly parties detertn,ination from I.EE For e;,cample. reports. If responsible with If they are --not vist,1al inspectjohs XXX occur&, fot conditions." well-specified for seepage immediately ~itigat ion, Do norlist .in the IEE, around pit latrine; inform for any other define more sedimentation at. USAID monitoring activitie~ In specifically stream ·crQssirrgs, activity and for separate ·here, etc.) · man~gerY repon;ing. rows.

·Pag~ 45 .Qf 45

DCN:_-:----:---:----:---------,,­JEEfor Agriculture Market Development (AMD)

US Agency for International Development (USAID) / Pakistan Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)

U.S.-Pakistan Partnership for Agricultural Market Development (AMD)

CLEARANCE I APPROVAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION RECOMMENDED:

CLEARANCE:

Deputy Director (Agriculture): ~ .... =,,-'-~ __ _ .>r _____ _ Office of EGA ~ eth M. Dunn

f'it\ l~\L\ I(. ,\)(. \I\ 1'\ ~-k Office Oirector: --- --==~-~ ---------Office of EGA Mary M. Hobbs

Mission Environmental Officer: cleared via email and Climate Integration Lead Asim Aziz

Regional Environmental Advisor: _~cl=e=ar=ed~v1=· a~e=m=a=il _ _ Central, South Asia, and OAPA Andrei Barannik

f\ li ' l' • I/ ( Office Direhor: .,. / 'l1 v ~ ( '

(OPM) f c,11,i I,,

APPROVAL:

Acting Mission Director:

CONCURRENCE:

Bureau Environmental Officer: vf fl- ~ Christopher Payne

Date: 6 - I I- I 'l

Date: ~ - / /-/ f,

Date: June 05. 2018

Date: June 04, 2018

Date: / ~ Jl 'll . ) r/S,

Date:

Distribution: 1). Project files, 2). Mission IEE Data base, 3). OAA, 4). RLO

Page 42 of 45

6/8/2018 USAID Mell - Re: IEE for Agricultural Market Development (AMD)

Re: IEE for Agricultural Market Development (AMO) 1 message

Mubashra Mukadas <mmukadas@usald.gov>

Aslm Aziz <aazlz@usald.gov> Tue, Jun 5, 2018 at 12:52 PM To: Kenneth Dunn <kdunn@usald.gov>, "Mukadas, Mubashra" <mmukadas@usaid .gov> Cc: Nancy Lowenthal <nlowenthal@usafd.gov>, Pamela Strong <pstrong@usaid.gov>, Kevin McGrath <kmcgrath@usaid.gov>, Mary Hobbs <mhobbs@usald.gov>, Muhammad Nawaz <mnawaz@usaid.gov>, Elizabeth Beth Wager <ewager@usafd.gov>, Wajahat Anwar <wanwar@usaid.gov> ·

Dear Kenny and Mubashra, I have addressed Andrei's (REA-OAPA) comments in the attached clean IEE. You are requested to review and make needed edits, for official wriUng style compliance. Once it Is done, print/sign the document and complete the mission internal paper clearances. For my signatures, attach this email as MEO's clearance. Similarly, for REA's clearance attach Andrei's email below the clearance sheet. After mission final clearance and approval signatures by MD, forward scanned copy back to me, and I will submit It to the BEO-OAPA for review and concurrence. Let me know, In case you have further questions or you need any assistance. My best regards,

Asim Aziz

Mission Environmental Officer / Mission Climate Integration Lead I USAID/Paklstan, Program Office I USA Embassy I Islamabad

Cell: +92 300 8327110 I Office: +92 51 2014 181 I Fax: +92-51-282-4441 I Email : aaziz@usaid .gov

Find USAID Pakistan on llne at th ese social med ia sites

Facebook I Twitter I YouTube I Fllckr I Vlmeo

Visit USAID Pakist,an's Webs ite Here

On Mon, Jun 4, 2018 at 4:25 PM, Andrei Barannik <abarannik@usaid.gov> wrote :

Dear Asim -

Reviewed and as discussed today in Almaty , please consider finalizing agreed minor changes and clarifications . And prepare MTF to account for remaining money & activities in the original IEE & Amnd No. 1

With those completed, please consider it cleared by REA.

Wlr, Andrei

On Thu, May 31, 2018 at 5:12 PM, Asim Aziz <aaziz@usald .gov> wrote: Dear Andrei,

I have attached for your review and concurrence is an Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) for "Agricultural Market Development (AMD}."

https:/lmall.google.com/mall/u/0/?ul=2&Ik=721 d0a55bb&jsver=etqpWYX_ 4_c.en.&cbl=gmail_fe_ 180524.11_p15&vlew=pt&q=aaziz%40usald.gov&qs=true&search