Infrastructure Workshop 2008Infrastructure Workshop 2008 Case Study Set 1 Case Study Set 1 –– 15 Dec15 Dec

What to do in Wattamessa?Decentralized vs. Centralized Water Service

Quick Overview

You have been asked to:

Assess the water supply sector in Watamessa

Develop a Concept Paper for a new USAID Mission program

Specifically suggest whether to focus attention on centralized or decentralized water services?

WatamessaWatamessa

PostPost--conflict country transitioning from relief to conflict country transitioning from relief to developmentdevelopment

AgriculturalAgricultural--based economy based economy –– 75% rural75% rural

Dire rural Dire rural andand urban water supply situationurban water supply situation

Case Study Group WorkCase Study Group Work

Go through 5 slides on Go through 5 slides on WatamessaWatamessa assessment findingsassessment findings

Discuss other information needsDiscuss other information needs

Define Define ““centralized/decentralizedcentralized/decentralized”” as a groupas a group

Small groups discussion of pros/cons Small groups discussion of pros/cons –– benefits/risksbenefits/risks

Infrastructure Workshop 2008Infrastructure Workshop 2008 Case Study Set 1 Case Study Set 1 –– 15 Dec15 Dec

What to do in Wattamessa?Decentralized vs. Centralized Water Service

Your job, Mr. Phelps…

Two weeks to:

Assess the water supply sector in Watamessa

Develop a Concept Paper for a new USAID Mission program

Specifically should we support centralized or decentralized water services?

Your Consultations and Field TripsYour Consultations and Field TripsUSAID and Implementing PartnersUSAID and Implementing Partners

USAID Staff in DG, Health, USAID Staff in DG, Health, EducEduc

Local governance, Health and Local governance, Health and Agriculture program staffAgriculture program staff

Other DonorsOther Donors

Multilateral banksMultilateral banks

Few other Few other bilateralsbilaterals

UNICEFUNICEF

WHOWHO

GovernmentGovernment

National National –– Rural and urban water Rural and urban water agencies, Ministry of Healthagencies, Ministry of Health

District/Municipal District/Municipal –– two water two water companiescompanies

Private Sector & other playersPrivate Sector & other players

????

NGOs and other implementersNGOs and other implementers

Several very active groupsSeveral very active groups

Your FindingsYour Findings

11 years after end of civil war11 years after end of civil war……

Few reconstruction efforts have been sustainedFew reconstruction efforts have been sustained

Water sector remains grossly under fundedWater sector remains grossly under funded

Sector control at national level diffuse and unclearSector control at national level diffuse and unclear

In many places, plenty of surface In many places, plenty of surface water butwater but……

Lots of old piped systems around Lots of old piped systems around butbut……

Findings (cont.)Findings (cont.)RuralRural

75% of population75% of population

Many large Many large ““plantationplantation”” villages (1 to even 5K)villages (1 to even 5K)

PrePre--war mainly deep boreholes w/ small piped networkswar mainly deep boreholes w/ small piped networks

Now only about half have improved water accessNow only about half have improved water access

Seasonable water shortages = Regular waterborne disease Seasonable water shortages = Regular waterborne disease outbreaksoutbreaks

UrbanUrban

Better access but similar distress despite major donor Better access but similar distress despite major donor investmentsinvestments

Only one real success in regional capital but stillOnly one real success in regional capital but still……

The Response ToThe Response To--datedate

Little evidence of Little evidence of seriousserious Government Government commitmentcommitment

Government Government ““visionvision”” 90% coverage by 90% coverage by 2020 2020 -- relies on 70% donor fundingrelies on 70% donor funding

Donor programs uncoordinated, have Donor programs uncoordinated, have had mixed resultshad mixed results

Poor record of sustainabilityPoor record of sustainability

Donor programs hamstrung by Donor programs hamstrung by conflicting national laws and regulationsconflicting national laws and regulations

Several donors starting to Several donors starting to ““back outback out””Is this centralized?Is this centralized?

So, what do you suggest for So, what do you suggest for WattamessaWattamessa??

Do we have enough information?Do we have enough information?

What else do you want to know?What else do you want to know?

So, should be go centralized or So, should be go centralized or decentralized?decentralized?

What is What is ““centralizedcentralized””??

Technology

Examples?

Extremes

Management

Examples?

Extremes

Centralized Decentralized

Considering different conceptsConsidering different concepts

Pros Cons

Centralized

Decentralized

Do you agree?Do you agree?

“To increase sustainability… programs must seek out committed government representatives and invest in their capacity…for engaging communities in their own development.”

From NGO “Sustainability” Study

Study finding…

“In the few cases where water projects were not functional due to issues of maintenance,

design issues were often cited, with community members feeling less involved in

the process.”

What we proposedWhat we proposed…… Institutionalizing Sustainable Water SupplyInstitutionalizing Sustainable Water Supply

Implementation ApproachImplementation Approach

Community LevelCommunity Level

•• Target Target ““good actorsgood actors””/committed communities/committed communities

•• Build off Build off ““centers of successcenters of success”” and existing and existing engagementengagement

•• Limited numbers but intensive engagementLimited numbers but intensive engagement

•• Remember the keys to sustainabilityRemember the keys to sustainability

National LevelNational Level

•• Engage in donor and policy dialogue, butEngage in donor and policy dialogue, but……

•• Focus on those facilitating decentralizationFocus on those facilitating decentralization

Thank youThank you