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DECLASSIFIED UNDER AUTHORITY OF THE INTERAGENCY SECURITY CLASSIFICATION APPEALS PANEL E013526 SECTION 53(b)(3)

ISCAP APPEAL NO 2009-068 document no 183 DECLASSIFICATION DATE February 25 2015

JUt 1 0 96 7 middot nosZal Reg1at ry No () Ji7

middotmiddot middot ~ (r--f bull ~

Portion identified as nonshyresponsive to the appeal

l 7

~ ~ ~ ~ -1

J No 2767 7 July 1967

))

AD ce

The WIR in Brief

rss ue

r---------------------------~~~~~ 10) ~

2 Gwrr ent profonnanc prmiddot ob~bly sightly b e tmiddott c r th n pr e v ious ly estlmgtted

I 7

IS

20

7 3

tSECREI

5

6 I Portion identified as non- I l responsive to the appeal

7

8

9

GOVE8 BEAR bombero cabullbullry ing 1SM (OFPlCiAL USE ONlY)

ltECCE SA TE LLlTE GOSmiddotIQS l68 LA UNCHED middot 10 N OTE Pages 2(gt l8 and l9 of th i ~ issuo a re lZth reCc e ctat middotthis year~ blank

VJN VS 4 MAY flVE BITTER PHOSPECTS middotFOR SUC C ESS THAN PH EDECESSORS SET T ER GUIDshyANGE CJAR k BOARD 1 omiddot r-----------------------------------~

)

J 2 FOR OFflCIAt USE ONLY Portion identified as nonshyresponsive to the appeal

H L-----------------------------------~ middot-middot- r

~t

-shy

SECRET

significant

l nteUJgence

on space

developments

and trends

bull

Reece Satellite middot middot Cosmos 168Launchmiddoted

The Soviets launched middotcasinos 168 from Tyuliatam at about 0600Z 4 July into an orbit with an inclination of 5187 d_egrees It-s miss~on is asshysessed as medium-resolution photoreconnaissance and collection of ELINT although it was injected into orbit by the heavy Venik stag-e normally used with high-resolution pbotorecce satellites

A total of fo11r Cosmoses with medium-resolution phOtorecce and ELINO missioflf hate now be~n injected into orbjt by the Venik upp~r - stage their launch dates hamiddotVe been

8 Juhe 8 June 14 July 4 July

The SovietsJ pu~pose in using the heavier prop11tsion syftem to launch medium-resolution photorecce satellit~s has not been determined lgt~t they may have done so to enable the payload to carry more instrumentation o_r equipshyment

This i~ the Sov~etsf _12th launch of a photor~ce s-atellite thb year the 7th with a medhun-resolution camera sy-stem (NORADmiddot (SECRET NO FOREIGN DISSEMINATION -- Releasable tQ JS UK amp Canada)

Venus 4 May Have Better Prospects of Succ~ss Thqn Its Predecessors Better Guidance Gear Abeuro)ard

Venus 4 a Venus probe which the Soviets la~nched on 12 June may hltwe better prospects for success in cont letin its rnssion fuan its predecesshysors improved trackshying and command device-s similar to those which probably eontributed middotto last years Soviet successe~ with lunar probes are aboard

-10shy

WIR 2767 7 Jull967

-------------------- -----middotmiddot-middot--------middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot

I

secret------------------------shy

The specific mission of the probe still is not lgJojln but it is probably a close flyby or an impactor mission (CIA NORAD) (~EGRET)

11 --------------------~a~()s-~e~r~e~t~ WIR 2 76 7 7 Jul 19 67

SECRET

items or interest

on technmiddoti(ol develo~ments ground the world

tee middotlntellimiddotgenmiddotce

NOTES

Estimates of Progress of Soviet Solid-Propellant Program Revis-ed

middot The chart on page 2 7 shews an tTD estimate of the probable solid propellapts in the Soviet inventory and possible futurmiddote developments This chart extenQs the forecast shown in a previou$ly publishe_d chart on this subshyject (p Z9 WIR 466~) mance ~and r-elises the aVailal)iliity dates and perfo~ figures which are now expre$sed as standa~ theoretical specific impulse (rathex than sea-level specific impulse)

The new estimat~ credits the Soviets -with s~ig~tly higher impulses in double-bas ~ propellants and aliUninized cOmpOs-ites Irom a low of 2middot05 secen(ls poundor the douole-bases to a high of 2middot65 seconds for aluminized composites The newer composite formulat1on~ will probably be aelaptabltt to cating a process reqcentJe4 for ICBM prCipcentlt11ant$ A tird current probabtlity is thmiddote USe of nitrashymine additives (e g middotRDX~ HMX) as partial qr total rep1acement for a~oniUlll lerchlorate oxidizer iQ aluminized compo$ites and modified middotdouble-base pioshypeUant~ specifically in the dGlble-base matrix Thes-e substances particul~ily HMX middotcan rai~e the specific impulse to 270 seconds anamp reduce the burlling rate a nd still retain reasonably good mEchanical properties

Blodlt 6 of the chart on page 27 represents effmiddotorts to substitute beryllium (Be) for aluminum in modHied double-base or compQ~iteo-type propellants_ wbich could raise specific impulses to 290 ~e-conds Bmiddoteeause middotberyllium ancl its cemshybustion products are toxic such propellants would probably be used only for upper rock~t stages which burn in -space to avoid contamination of the atmo~ sphere ~

Higb-energy hydrides of such metals as alundnltun and beryllium aie not likely to be available or another six years (Block 7 page 27) BerylliUnl hydride propellants will probably have greater specific imp11lse (290-~ 1) $econds vsmiddot 275-290 seconds Jor ahmHnum hydridmiddotes) but or conse will be usaple only in upper staging because of their toxicitybull

Solid propellants of still higher energiemiddots (3middot05-325- seconds) may become avlt-ilable by about 1980 pT-obably using beryllium hyride at tPe fae~ adv~nced perchlorates middotas oxidizers atrd nitrofluorine -coropoUtld$ amiddots binders Some reseprch has been accoropl_ished in this area but the complexities and sens-i tivitie-s of the preparations are posing pr6biems middot

The picture ecn hybrid propeU~nts is less clea-r (Hybrids are prop~~shylants in which either the fuel or the oxidiz~r is a solid and the other is a liquid)

-16shy

WIR 2767 7 Jul 1967 SECRET

Portion identified as nonshyresponsive to the appeal

l 7

~ ~ ~ ~ -1

J No 2767 7 July 1967

))

AD ce

The WIR in Brief

rss ue

r---------------------------~~~~~ 10) ~

2 Gwrr ent profonnanc prmiddot ob~bly sightly b e tmiddott c r th n pr e v ious ly estlmgtted

I 7

IS

20

7 3

tSECREI

5

6 I Portion identified as non- I l responsive to the appeal

7

8

9

GOVE8 BEAR bombero cabullbullry ing 1SM (OFPlCiAL USE ONlY)

ltECCE SA TE LLlTE GOSmiddotIQS l68 LA UNCHED middot 10 N OTE Pages 2(gt l8 and l9 of th i ~ issuo a re lZth reCc e ctat middotthis year~ blank

VJN VS 4 MAY flVE BITTER PHOSPECTS middotFOR SUC C ESS THAN PH EDECESSORS SET T ER GUIDshyANGE CJAR k BOARD 1 omiddot r-----------------------------------~

)

J 2 FOR OFflCIAt USE ONLY Portion identified as nonshyresponsive to the appeal

H L-----------------------------------~ middot-middot- r

~t

-shy

SECRET

significant

l nteUJgence

on space

developments

and trends

bull

Reece Satellite middot middot Cosmos 168Launchmiddoted

The Soviets launched middotcasinos 168 from Tyuliatam at about 0600Z 4 July into an orbit with an inclination of 5187 d_egrees It-s miss~on is asshysessed as medium-resolution photoreconnaissance and collection of ELINT although it was injected into orbit by the heavy Venik stag-e normally used with high-resolution pbotorecce satellites

A total of fo11r Cosmoses with medium-resolution phOtorecce and ELINO missioflf hate now be~n injected into orbjt by the Venik upp~r - stage their launch dates hamiddotVe been

8 Juhe 8 June 14 July 4 July

The SovietsJ pu~pose in using the heavier prop11tsion syftem to launch medium-resolution photorecce satellit~s has not been determined lgt~t they may have done so to enable the payload to carry more instrumentation o_r equipshyment

This i~ the Sov~etsf _12th launch of a photor~ce s-atellite thb year the 7th with a medhun-resolution camera sy-stem (NORADmiddot (SECRET NO FOREIGN DISSEMINATION -- Releasable tQ JS UK amp Canada)

Venus 4 May Have Better Prospects of Succ~ss Thqn Its Predecessors Better Guidance Gear Abeuro)ard

Venus 4 a Venus probe which the Soviets la~nched on 12 June may hltwe better prospects for success in cont letin its rnssion fuan its predecesshysors improved trackshying and command device-s similar to those which probably eontributed middotto last years Soviet successe~ with lunar probes are aboard

-10shy

WIR 2767 7 Jull967

-------------------- -----middotmiddot-middot--------middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot

I

secret------------------------shy

The specific mission of the probe still is not lgJojln but it is probably a close flyby or an impactor mission (CIA NORAD) (~EGRET)

11 --------------------~a~()s-~e~r~e~t~ WIR 2 76 7 7 Jul 19 67

SECRET

items or interest

on technmiddoti(ol develo~ments ground the world

tee middotlntellimiddotgenmiddotce

NOTES

Estimates of Progress of Soviet Solid-Propellant Program Revis-ed

middot The chart on page 2 7 shews an tTD estimate of the probable solid propellapts in the Soviet inventory and possible futurmiddote developments This chart extenQs the forecast shown in a previou$ly publishe_d chart on this subshyject (p Z9 WIR 466~) mance ~and r-elises the aVailal)iliity dates and perfo~ figures which are now expre$sed as standa~ theoretical specific impulse (rathex than sea-level specific impulse)

The new estimat~ credits the Soviets -with s~ig~tly higher impulses in double-bas ~ propellants and aliUninized cOmpOs-ites Irom a low of 2middot05 secen(ls poundor the douole-bases to a high of 2middot65 seconds for aluminized composites The newer composite formulat1on~ will probably be aelaptabltt to cating a process reqcentJe4 for ICBM prCipcentlt11ant$ A tird current probabtlity is thmiddote USe of nitrashymine additives (e g middotRDX~ HMX) as partial qr total rep1acement for a~oniUlll lerchlorate oxidizer iQ aluminized compo$ites and modified middotdouble-base pioshypeUant~ specifically in the dGlble-base matrix Thes-e substances particul~ily HMX middotcan rai~e the specific impulse to 270 seconds anamp reduce the burlling rate a nd still retain reasonably good mEchanical properties

Blodlt 6 of the chart on page 27 represents effmiddotorts to substitute beryllium (Be) for aluminum in modHied double-base or compQ~iteo-type propellants_ wbich could raise specific impulses to 290 ~e-conds Bmiddoteeause middotberyllium ancl its cemshybustion products are toxic such propellants would probably be used only for upper rock~t stages which burn in -space to avoid contamination of the atmo~ sphere ~

Higb-energy hydrides of such metals as alundnltun and beryllium aie not likely to be available or another six years (Block 7 page 27) BerylliUnl hydride propellants will probably have greater specific imp11lse (290-~ 1) $econds vsmiddot 275-290 seconds Jor ahmHnum hydridmiddotes) but or conse will be usaple only in upper staging because of their toxicitybull

Solid propellants of still higher energiemiddots (3middot05-325- seconds) may become avlt-ilable by about 1980 pT-obably using beryllium hyride at tPe fae~ adv~nced perchlorates middotas oxidizers atrd nitrofluorine -coropoUtld$ amiddots binders Some reseprch has been accoropl_ished in this area but the complexities and sens-i tivitie-s of the preparations are posing pr6biems middot

The picture ecn hybrid propeU~nts is less clea-r (Hybrids are prop~~shylants in which either the fuel or the oxidiz~r is a solid and the other is a liquid)

-16shy

WIR 2767 7 Jul 1967 SECRET

SECRET

significant

l nteUJgence

on space

developments

and trends

bull

Reece Satellite middot middot Cosmos 168Launchmiddoted

The Soviets launched middotcasinos 168 from Tyuliatam at about 0600Z 4 July into an orbit with an inclination of 5187 d_egrees It-s miss~on is asshysessed as medium-resolution photoreconnaissance and collection of ELINT although it was injected into orbit by the heavy Venik stag-e normally used with high-resolution pbotorecce satellites

A total of fo11r Cosmoses with medium-resolution phOtorecce and ELINO missioflf hate now be~n injected into orbjt by the Venik upp~r - stage their launch dates hamiddotVe been

8 Juhe 8 June 14 July 4 July

The SovietsJ pu~pose in using the heavier prop11tsion syftem to launch medium-resolution photorecce satellit~s has not been determined lgt~t they may have done so to enable the payload to carry more instrumentation o_r equipshyment

This i~ the Sov~etsf _12th launch of a photor~ce s-atellite thb year the 7th with a medhun-resolution camera sy-stem (NORADmiddot (SECRET NO FOREIGN DISSEMINATION -- Releasable tQ JS UK amp Canada)

Venus 4 May Have Better Prospects of Succ~ss Thqn Its Predecessors Better Guidance Gear Abeuro)ard

Venus 4 a Venus probe which the Soviets la~nched on 12 June may hltwe better prospects for success in cont letin its rnssion fuan its predecesshysors improved trackshying and command device-s similar to those which probably eontributed middotto last years Soviet successe~ with lunar probes are aboard

-10shy

WIR 2767 7 Jull967

-------------------- -----middotmiddot-middot--------middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot

I

secret------------------------shy

The specific mission of the probe still is not lgJojln but it is probably a close flyby or an impactor mission (CIA NORAD) (~EGRET)

11 --------------------~a~()s-~e~r~e~t~ WIR 2 76 7 7 Jul 19 67

SECRET

items or interest

on technmiddoti(ol develo~ments ground the world

tee middotlntellimiddotgenmiddotce

NOTES

Estimates of Progress of Soviet Solid-Propellant Program Revis-ed

middot The chart on page 2 7 shews an tTD estimate of the probable solid propellapts in the Soviet inventory and possible futurmiddote developments This chart extenQs the forecast shown in a previou$ly publishe_d chart on this subshyject (p Z9 WIR 466~) mance ~and r-elises the aVailal)iliity dates and perfo~ figures which are now expre$sed as standa~ theoretical specific impulse (rathex than sea-level specific impulse)

The new estimat~ credits the Soviets -with s~ig~tly higher impulses in double-bas ~ propellants and aliUninized cOmpOs-ites Irom a low of 2middot05 secen(ls poundor the douole-bases to a high of 2middot65 seconds for aluminized composites The newer composite formulat1on~ will probably be aelaptabltt to cating a process reqcentJe4 for ICBM prCipcentlt11ant$ A tird current probabtlity is thmiddote USe of nitrashymine additives (e g middotRDX~ HMX) as partial qr total rep1acement for a~oniUlll lerchlorate oxidizer iQ aluminized compo$ites and modified middotdouble-base pioshypeUant~ specifically in the dGlble-base matrix Thes-e substances particul~ily HMX middotcan rai~e the specific impulse to 270 seconds anamp reduce the burlling rate a nd still retain reasonably good mEchanical properties

Blodlt 6 of the chart on page 27 represents effmiddotorts to substitute beryllium (Be) for aluminum in modHied double-base or compQ~iteo-type propellants_ wbich could raise specific impulses to 290 ~e-conds Bmiddoteeause middotberyllium ancl its cemshybustion products are toxic such propellants would probably be used only for upper rock~t stages which burn in -space to avoid contamination of the atmo~ sphere ~

Higb-energy hydrides of such metals as alundnltun and beryllium aie not likely to be available or another six years (Block 7 page 27) BerylliUnl hydride propellants will probably have greater specific imp11lse (290-~ 1) $econds vsmiddot 275-290 seconds Jor ahmHnum hydridmiddotes) but or conse will be usaple only in upper staging because of their toxicitybull

Solid propellants of still higher energiemiddots (3middot05-325- seconds) may become avlt-ilable by about 1980 pT-obably using beryllium hyride at tPe fae~ adv~nced perchlorates middotas oxidizers atrd nitrofluorine -coropoUtld$ amiddots binders Some reseprch has been accoropl_ished in this area but the complexities and sens-i tivitie-s of the preparations are posing pr6biems middot

The picture ecn hybrid propeU~nts is less clea-r (Hybrids are prop~~shylants in which either the fuel or the oxidiz~r is a solid and the other is a liquid)

-16shy

WIR 2767 7 Jul 1967 SECRET

-------------------- -----middotmiddot-middot--------middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot

I

secret------------------------shy

The specific mission of the probe still is not lgJojln but it is probably a close flyby or an impactor mission (CIA NORAD) (~EGRET)

11 --------------------~a~()s-~e~r~e~t~ WIR 2 76 7 7 Jul 19 67

SECRET

items or interest

on technmiddoti(ol develo~ments ground the world

tee middotlntellimiddotgenmiddotce

NOTES

Estimates of Progress of Soviet Solid-Propellant Program Revis-ed

middot The chart on page 2 7 shews an tTD estimate of the probable solid propellapts in the Soviet inventory and possible futurmiddote developments This chart extenQs the forecast shown in a previou$ly publishe_d chart on this subshyject (p Z9 WIR 466~) mance ~and r-elises the aVailal)iliity dates and perfo~ figures which are now expre$sed as standa~ theoretical specific impulse (rathex than sea-level specific impulse)

The new estimat~ credits the Soviets -with s~ig~tly higher impulses in double-bas ~ propellants and aliUninized cOmpOs-ites Irom a low of 2middot05 secen(ls poundor the douole-bases to a high of 2middot65 seconds for aluminized composites The newer composite formulat1on~ will probably be aelaptabltt to cating a process reqcentJe4 for ICBM prCipcentlt11ant$ A tird current probabtlity is thmiddote USe of nitrashymine additives (e g middotRDX~ HMX) as partial qr total rep1acement for a~oniUlll lerchlorate oxidizer iQ aluminized compo$ites and modified middotdouble-base pioshypeUant~ specifically in the dGlble-base matrix Thes-e substances particul~ily HMX middotcan rai~e the specific impulse to 270 seconds anamp reduce the burlling rate a nd still retain reasonably good mEchanical properties

Blodlt 6 of the chart on page 27 represents effmiddotorts to substitute beryllium (Be) for aluminum in modHied double-base or compQ~iteo-type propellants_ wbich could raise specific impulses to 290 ~e-conds Bmiddoteeause middotberyllium ancl its cemshybustion products are toxic such propellants would probably be used only for upper rock~t stages which burn in -space to avoid contamination of the atmo~ sphere ~

Higb-energy hydrides of such metals as alundnltun and beryllium aie not likely to be available or another six years (Block 7 page 27) BerylliUnl hydride propellants will probably have greater specific imp11lse (290-~ 1) $econds vsmiddot 275-290 seconds Jor ahmHnum hydridmiddotes) but or conse will be usaple only in upper staging because of their toxicitybull

Solid propellants of still higher energiemiddots (3middot05-325- seconds) may become avlt-ilable by about 1980 pT-obably using beryllium hyride at tPe fae~ adv~nced perchlorates middotas oxidizers atrd nitrofluorine -coropoUtld$ amiddots binders Some reseprch has been accoropl_ished in this area but the complexities and sens-i tivitie-s of the preparations are posing pr6biems middot

The picture ecn hybrid propeU~nts is less clea-r (Hybrids are prop~~shylants in which either the fuel or the oxidiz~r is a solid and the other is a liquid)

-16shy

WIR 2767 7 Jul 1967 SECRET

SECRET

items or interest

on technmiddoti(ol develo~ments ground the world

tee middotlntellimiddotgenmiddotce

NOTES

Estimates of Progress of Soviet Solid-Propellant Program Revis-ed

middot The chart on page 2 7 shews an tTD estimate of the probable solid propellapts in the Soviet inventory and possible futurmiddote developments This chart extenQs the forecast shown in a previou$ly publishe_d chart on this subshyject (p Z9 WIR 466~) mance ~and r-elises the aVailal)iliity dates and perfo~ figures which are now expre$sed as standa~ theoretical specific impulse (rathex than sea-level specific impulse)

The new estimat~ credits the Soviets -with s~ig~tly higher impulses in double-bas ~ propellants and aliUninized cOmpOs-ites Irom a low of 2middot05 secen(ls poundor the douole-bases to a high of 2middot65 seconds for aluminized composites The newer composite formulat1on~ will probably be aelaptabltt to cating a process reqcentJe4 for ICBM prCipcentlt11ant$ A tird current probabtlity is thmiddote USe of nitrashymine additives (e g middotRDX~ HMX) as partial qr total rep1acement for a~oniUlll lerchlorate oxidizer iQ aluminized compo$ites and modified middotdouble-base pioshypeUant~ specifically in the dGlble-base matrix Thes-e substances particul~ily HMX middotcan rai~e the specific impulse to 270 seconds anamp reduce the burlling rate a nd still retain reasonably good mEchanical properties

Blodlt 6 of the chart on page 27 represents effmiddotorts to substitute beryllium (Be) for aluminum in modHied double-base or compQ~iteo-type propellants_ wbich could raise specific impulses to 290 ~e-conds Bmiddoteeause middotberyllium ancl its cemshybustion products are toxic such propellants would probably be used only for upper rock~t stages which burn in -space to avoid contamination of the atmo~ sphere ~

Higb-energy hydrides of such metals as alundnltun and beryllium aie not likely to be available or another six years (Block 7 page 27) BerylliUnl hydride propellants will probably have greater specific imp11lse (290-~ 1) $econds vsmiddot 275-290 seconds Jor ahmHnum hydridmiddotes) but or conse will be usaple only in upper staging because of their toxicitybull

Solid propellants of still higher energiemiddots (3middot05-325- seconds) may become avlt-ilable by about 1980 pT-obably using beryllium hyride at tPe fae~ adv~nced perchlorates middotas oxidizers atrd nitrofluorine -coropoUtld$ amiddots binders Some reseprch has been accoropl_ished in this area but the complexities and sens-i tivitie-s of the preparations are posing pr6biems middot

The picture ecn hybrid propeU~nts is less clea-r (Hybrids are prop~~shylants in which either the fuel or the oxidiz~r is a solid and the other is a liquid)

-16shy

WIR 2767 7 Jul 1967 SECRET

-------------------------middot r I

~~~~----~--------------------------------~--~I-~_ ~-sooret rs bull

They have been praised on the one hand for their potential restart throttling and high-performance capabilities and c -riticized on the other as compounding the bad features of both liquid and s-olid propellants The Soviets are aware of both sides of this iss u e Indications are that rnuch d e velopment will be re shyquir e d (FTD) (SECRET NO FORElGN DISSEMINA TION ~ - Releasable to NATO Aus amp NZ)

Portion identified as non- I I responsive to the appeal

--------------------------- 11-middot --------------------~e~ee~c~r~e~~~~ WIR 2767 7 Jull967

ProbabtmiddoteSovtet Solid-Propellant Program (a revis-ion and extension of middotthe chart on p 291 WIR 4666)

(Standard Theor~tcat Imgutse)

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I

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275 bull ~ - -- -- - - - - ~ - --- shy

1955 1960

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(l) doubl~fisbull t (~middot) dmiddotouble-bas~ bull middot middot l-1) JnitJatt9n of ntsearch on c4rX)slt4tshy

middot $Ubsta~

(~) AlunilnJ~ cOfll~l~s mCXUfiM DB (S) c~clonJtDmioe ~iltt1ttves (6) Ffienerw middotmltal tuels (7~ Hi~njy ~etal bydfidedif En6rqeUc oorldlampert~ bullblnd sshy(9) middot Mvbrtd tewlOPJrient 4

bull middot