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1 Deconstruction of lignocelluloses for understanding the features that govern mechanical, structural and adhesion properties of polymers in plant cell wall Brigitte Chabbert, Véronique Aguié-Béghin, Johnny Beaugrand, Bernard Kurek, Gabriel Paës COST action FP 1105- Stockholm 2012

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Page 1: Deconstruction of lignocelluloses for understanding the features …/media/documents/sebe/cost-action/... · 2015-12-14 · Deconstruction of lignocelluloses for understanding the

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Deconstruction of lignocelluloses for understanding the

features that govern mechanical, structural and adhesion

properties of polymers in plant cell wall

Brigitte Chabbert, Véronique Aguié-Béghin, Johnny Beaugrand, Bernard Kurek, Gabriel Paës

COST action FP 1105- Stockholm 2012

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2 Presentation of FARE lab

Reims

Fractionation of Agro-Resources and Environment

Joint lab between:

French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA)

Reims Champagne-Ardenne University (URCA)

Research activity

Fractionation and upgrading of plant biomass for non-food

applications

www.lille.inra.fr/umr_fare

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3

Research projects developped around a central question: deconstruction of lignocelluloses

Three application fields defining applications and partnership:

Composites

Fibrous materials

Environment

Soil fertility

Energy

Synthons

Deconstruction of

lignocelluloses

White biotechs

Agro-materials

Cycles

C, N, S, P

Presentation of FARE lab

Research Area

www.lille.inra.fr/umr_fare

Goals: Identify and hierarchize lignocelluloses (LC) locking points towards deconstruction

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4

Energy &

Synthons

Presentation of FARE lab

Partnership and Projects

Regional

Xylocos (region)

CN cycles (region)

Sselves (region)

Maprofi (CPER)

Matoren (CPER)

Nanobio (CPER)

National

Futurol (OSEO)

Stockactif (ANR)

Futurol (OSEO)

Sofia (ANR)

Defibrex (ANR)

PT-Flax (ANR)

Sinfoni (OSEO)

International

Biocore (FP7)

Biocrust (ANR)

Pepites (ANR)

Polychanvre (FEDER)

Fibragen (FP7)

Environment

Materials

Parternship U. Lille, Reims,

Troyes

FRD

IFPEN, INRA

(Marseille, Mons,

Montpellier,

Narbonne, Orléans,

Toulouse)

U. Amiens,

Compiègne, Lille

U. Bremen (DE),

Edmonton (CA),

Leuven (BE), Santa

Maria (BR)

Aimplas (ES),

Embrapa (BR), IRD

www.lille.inra.fr/umr_fare

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5 Presentation of FARE lab

Scientific Production

Period 2008-2011

100 peer-reviewed articles

70% ranked in the first quartile of their category (Journal Citation Reports ®)

31% with international collaborators

18 PhD thesis defended

22 post-graduate students (Master) + 28 under-graduate students

www.lille.inra.fr/umr_fare

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6 LC defibrization for agrocomposites

- Continuous thermo hydro mechanical process to fractionate fibrous LC -Mechanisms of fiber isolation and mixing with polymer - Specific mechanical energy determination

Influence of Compounding Conditions on Defibrization

and Mechanical Properties

Twin screw extrusion as a tool to understand fiber isolation and compounding

Hemp fiber (moisture content, feed rate)

+ polycaprolactone

Temperature Residence time Screw speed,…

Parameter modeling (SME)

Composites: - Fiber dimensions (L/D ratio) - Mechanical properties of injection-molded specimen

Beaugrand & Berzin, J. Appl. Polym Sci., 2012

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- The fibers are subject to severe defibrization (decohesion and fragmentation) during the extrusion process. - Relationships can be proposed between the fiber aspect ratio (L/D), the SME and mechanical properties of composites.

LC defibrization for agrocomposites

Influence of Compounding Conditions on Defibrization

and Mechanical Properties

*

Decohesion, fragmentation, surface properties: Micromechanical properties of LC

Contribution of amorphous polymer in the LC properties

Design and properties of bio-inspired LC assemblies

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8 Design of bio-inspired LC assemblies

Nanostructuration of bio-inspired LC assemblies

Cellulose nanocrystals

Non cellulosic polysaccharides

HH

H

Non cellulosic polysaccharide- lignin

HH

H

HH

HHH

H

Hydrogen-bonds van der Waals and Hydrophobic interactions Ether bonds

*

Non cellulosic polysaccharide- cellulose

Heterogeneous distribution of polymers

Covalent/non covalent interactions

Boukari et al, Carbohydrate Polymer, 2012 ; Paës & Chabbert Biomacromolecules, 2012 ;Hambardzumyan et al, Biomacromolecules, 2012

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9 Design of bio-inspired LC assemblies

Nanomechanical properties

Langmuir-Blodgett and spin-coated films from bio-inspired LC assemblies

Surface force microscopy of LC assemblies

Hemicelluloses

LC assembly

(cellulose/lignin/hemicellulose)

60.00

0.00

30.00

0.00

cellulose Complex LC film

Col . LRN Univ Reims

Nanomechanical properties of LC assemblies

Estephan et al, submitted

Film analysis : AFM

(controlled T°C, RH)

application/validation on natural fibers underprogress

Adhesion force

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10 Design of bio-inspired LC assemblies

Probe mobility : cell wall architecture

Hydrolysis time (min)

0 50 100 150 200

Diffu

sio

n (

10

-7 c

m2.s

-1)

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Mo

bile

fractio

n (%

)

75

80

85

90

95

100

105

MF

MF

MF MF

Diffusioncoefficient

Mobile fractionMF

hemicellulase

Cross-linked xylans (ferulate cross linkage of grass GAX /laccase)

Dextran- FITC

Fluorescent probes Polysaccharides (Dextrans) Proteins (BSA, CBMs)

LC Enzymes …

Mobility

Confocal microscopy

Tools to study enzymatic deconstruction of LC biomass

Paës & Chabbert Biomacromolecules, 2012