WHAT IS THIS?

WHAT ARE THESE?

IT IS A DOG

THEY ARE CATS

IT IS AN UMBRELLA

THEY ARE APPLES

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THESE SENTENCES?

A1. It is a dog

2. It is an umbrella

B1. They are cats

2. They are apples

THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THESE SENTENCES IS THE FOLLOWING:IN GROUP “A” THERE ARE SINGULAR SENTENCES AND IN GROUP “B” THERE ARE PLURAL SENTENCES

WHEN DO YOU USE A / AN?

YOU USE A / AN WHEN THE SENTENCES ARE IN SINGULAR.YOU USE THE ARTICLE A WHEN THE WORDS START WITH A CONSONTANT AND YOU USE THE ARTICLE AN WHEN THE WORDS START WITH A VOWEL.

OTHER GRAMMATICAL RULES:

1. WE USE A/AN TO REFER SOMEONE OR SOMETHING THAT IS MENTIONED FOR THE FIRST TIME.

2. WE ALWAYS USE A/AN BEFORE THE NAMES OF PROFFESSIONS.

EXAMPLE:MARIO IS A TEACHERDAVID IS AN ACTOR

NEVER: DAVID IS ACTOR

3. WHEN THE SENTENCES ARE IN PLURAL YOU NEVER USE A / AN. YOU CAN USE SOME.

EXAMPLE:I HAVE SOME ENGLISH BOOKS

4. YOU USE AN WHEN THE WORDS START WITH THE CONSONANT “ H” BECAUSE IT IS NOT PRONOUNCED.

EXAMPLE:I NEED JUST AN HOUR MORE.

5. YOU USE A WHEN THE WORDS START WITH A VOWEL BUT IT IS PRONOUNCED AS A CONSONTANT.

EXAMPLE:A UNIVERSITY (YOU PRONOUNCE IT LIKE THIS: /A/ /YUNIVERSITY/ )A HORSE (YOU PRONOUNCE IT LIKE THIS: / A / /JORS/

EXERCISES1. WRITE A OR AN.

1. _____old book

2. _____Window

3. _____horse

4. _____airport

5. _____new airport

6. _____ umbrella

7. _____organisation

8. _____university

9. _____hour

10. _____economic problem

An

A

An

A

An

An

A

An

An

A

DEFINITE ARTICLE: THE

WHEN DO WE USE THE ARTICLE “THE”?WE USE “THE” WHEN WE REFER TO SOMEONE OR SOMETHING IN PARTICULAR.EXAMPLE:-WHAT IS THE NAME OF THIS STREET? (THIS STREET HAS ONLY ONE NAME)- WHO IS THE BEST PLAYER IN YOUR TEAM?- CAN YOU TELL ME THE TIME PLEASE? ( THE TIME NOW)- MY OFFICE IS ON THE FIRST FLOOR. (THE FIRST FLOOR OF THE BUILDING)DON’T FORGET:DO YOU LIVE NEAR THE CITY CENTRE? EXCUSE ME, WHERE IS THE NEAREST BANK?

WHEN WE USE THE PHRASE “THE SAME” :

EXAMPLE:

- WE LIVE IN THE SAME STREET.- ARE THESE TWO BOOKS DIFFERENT? ..NO, THEY ARE THE SAME

WE SAY:

THE SUN, THE MOON, THE WORLD, THE SKY, THE SEA, THE COUNTRY , THE POLICE OF PERU, THE FIRE BRIDGE OF A COUNTRY, THE ARMY OF A COUNTRY(THEY ARE SPECIFIC THINGS).

WE USE THE WITH THE FOLLOWING PHRASES:

- THE TOP- THE END - THE MIDDLE - THE LEFT- THE RIGHT

WE USE THE WITH THE MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS:

- THE PIANO- THE GUITAR - THE TRUMPET

AND WITH “THE RADIO”

WE DON’T USE “THE” WITH:

- BREAKFAST- LUNCH - DINNER- NEXT- LAST, NEXT WEEK/ MONTH/ YEAR/ SUMMER/ MONDAY

EXERCISES1. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE ARTICLE “THE” ONLY IT’S NECESSARY.1. WHAT IS _____ NAME OF THE STREET.

2. WE HAD _____ DINNER AT THE RESTAURANT LAST NIGHT.

3. MY HOUSE IS AT _____ THE MIDDLE OF THE STREET.

4. TOKIO IS _____ CAPITAL OF JAPAN.

5. WHAT DID YOU HAVE FOR _____ LUNCH? A SALAD.

6. WE LIVE IN _____ SAME STREET.

7. _____BREAKFAST IS READY!

8. HE IS WATCHING _____ TELEVISION.

9. THEY ARE LISTENING TO _____ RADIO.

10. PAULA IS LEARNING TO PLAY _____ PIANO.

THE

-THE

THE

-

--

THE

THE

THE

WRITE 5 SENTENCES IN YOUR NOTEBOOK BY USING THE ARTICLES “THE”, “A/AN”