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Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine. Ying Yina, Sheng Zhanga, Chenguang Caia, Jun Zhanga, Dayong Donga, Qiang Guoa, Ling Fua, Junjie Xua, Wei Chena, Ying Yina, Sheng Zhanga,b, Chenguang Caia, Jun Zhanga, Dayong Donga, Qiang Guoa, Ling Fua, Junjie Xua, Wei Chena Laura Arango Gutiérrez, Santiago Carvalho Saldarriaga. Biología Molecular III semestre

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Page 1: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine.

Ying Yina, Sheng Zhanga, Chenguang Caia, Jun Zhanga, Dayong Donga, Qiang Guoa, Ling Fua, Junjie Xua, Wei Chena, Ying Yina, Sheng Zhanga,b, Chenguang Caia, Jun Zhanga, Dayong Donga, Qiang Guoa, Ling Fua, Junjie Xua, Wei Chena

Laura Arango Gutiérrez, Santiago Carvalho Saldarriaga.

Biología Molecular III semestre

Page 2: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Introduction

Page 3: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Hepatitis

Is a medical condition in which

the liver is under an inflammatory

process.

Normally this inflammatory process

is due the action of infectious agents such as hepatitis

viruses.

Can also be caused by other infections,

toxic substances, autoimmune

diseases, trauma and blood transfusions.

Page 4: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Hepatitis

Viral Hepatatis

Toxic and drug-induce hepatitis

Dose-dependent

Idiosyncratic

Hepatitis

In general, the classic symptom of hepatitis is jaundice caused by the increase of bilirubin in the blood.

Page 5: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Viral hepatitis

Can be caused by

• Yellow fever virus• Herpes simplex virus• Cytomegalovirus (CMV)• Epstein-Barr virus• Hepatitis viruses (A,B,C,D,E and G)• Viruses transmitted by transfusion

(TTV)

Page 6: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Hepatitis

Clinical characteristics• Discomfort• Nausea• Emesis

Diagnosis• Increased serum ALT and AST

• Diarrhea• Low-grade fever• Dark urine

• Jaundice• Hepatomegaly

Page 7: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

The hepatitis B

Is an inflammatory disease of the

liver caused due to the infection

with HBV.

The HBV its a DNA virus who belongs to the

Hepadnaviridae family.

8 genotypes of the virus are known (A-

H).They have different distribution

and clinical presentation.

Page 8: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Hepatitis B virus

This complex is surrounded by

antigens (HBcAg & HBeAg) and by

an surface antigen (HBsAg)

It contains the viral

DNA and a polymerase

The HBV has an icosaedric capsid known

as core

Page 9: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Hepatitis B virus, genomic structure

Gene S

• Formation of the HBsAg

Gene P

• Polymerase synthesis

Gene C

• Codifies HBc and HBe proteins

Gene X

• Codifies HBx protein

Page 10: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

AnthraxIs an infectious disease caused by the spores of Bacillus anthracis

The spores can be found naturally in soil

Commonly affects domestic and wild animals (herbivores)

Transmission for get in contact with infected animals or

contaminated animal products.

In humans most often involves the skin, GI tract, or lungs.

Page 11: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Anthrax vaccine The vaccine is

not typically available for the general public

It's only given to the people that are in a high risk of exposure to the spores

Anthrax toxin is composed

of a cell-binding protein,

known as protective

antigen (PA)

And two enzyme

components, called edema

factor (EF) and lethal factor (LF).

Page 12: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Relation

Page 13: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

General objective

Page 14: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

General objective

To modify previously created particle HBcL2, seeking to improve the ability to produce Anti-PA and decrease the production of anti-HBc.

Page 15: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Materiales y métodos

Page 16: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Construcción del plásmido

Se extrae el RNA total de las células

de estudio. Se separa fracción

correspondiente a RNAm

RNA se transcribe a DNA mediante una transcriptasa

inversa

Por cada molécula de RNAm se sintetiza una

molécula de cDNA monocatenaria

La cDNA monocatenaria se

convierte en bicatenaria usando

una DNA polimerasa

PCR inversa: Reacción en cadena de polimerasa- transcripción inversa• Se utiliza para detección y amplificación de RNA• Permite estudiar la expresión de determinados genes

Page 17: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Construcción del plásmido

Secuenciación de DNA

Es un conjunto de métodos para la determinación del orden delos nucleótidos (A, C, G y T) en un oligonucleótido de ADNVerificación de los plásmidos formados

Page 18: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Construcción del plásmido

Page 19: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Estructuras homólogas• Verde: Residuos del PA• Rojo: Residuo HBc• Modelo de bolas y palo: Bucle

Eliminación de aa 79-81 del HBc

Page 20: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Expresión y purificación de las proteínas

H144L2 H144DL2

Transformad

as dentro E.Coli

Cultivos celulares fueron

inducidos con la adición de IPTG

Page 21: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Expresión y purificación de las proteínas

Centrifugación

Page 22: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Expresión y purificación de las proteínas

Sonicación

• Lisis celular

Page 23: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Expresión y purificación de las proteínas

Cromatografía de filtración en gel

Page 24: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Vector + Fragmento de DNA

DNA recombinante

Aislamiento, secuenciación y manipulación del fragmento de DNA purificado

Antígeno protector recombinante y factor letal recombinante del ántrax

Cualquier molécula de DNA compuesta de secuencias derivadas

de diferentes fuentes

Page 25: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

SDS-PAGE y análisis Western Blott de las partículas HBc

• SDS-PAGE

Migración de una molécula o partícula cargada, bajo la influencia de un campo eléctrico

Page 26: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

SDS-PAGE y análisis Western Blott de las partículas HBc

• Geles de poliacrilamida• Se puede realizar en

condiciones nativas o desnaturalizante.

• SDS: Detergente iónico que posee carga negativa. Considerado un desnaturante fuerte

Page 27: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

SDS-PAGE y análisis Western Blott de las partículas HBc

• Western Blott

Técnica utilizada para detectar proteínas en un sistema de reconocimiento basado en la interacción antígeno-anticuerpo

Page 28: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

SDS-PAGE y análisis Western Blott de las partículas HBc

Proteínas se detectan por inmunodetección: Se usan anticuerpos monoclonales previamente conjugados con compuestos enzimáticos, luminiscentes o radioactivos

Page 29: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Análisis dinámico de dispersión de la luz

Es un método óptico para la determinación de coeficientes de difusión de partículas

Page 30: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Inmunización animal

Grupos de seis ratones hembra

HBc144

H144L2

H144DL2

Hidróxido de aluminio= Adjuvante

Inmunización subcutánea

3 Inmunizaciones cada 2 semanas

Cuarta inmunización: 2 Semanas antes de inyectar

toxina del ántrax

Muestra de sangre después de c/ inmunizaciónMuestra 6 semanas después de 1 inmunización

Page 31: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Pruebas serológicas: ELISA

• Ensayo tipo Sandwich• Ensayo competitivo• Ensayo indirecto

Cantidad del producto formado es directamente proporcional a la cantidad de anticuerpo presente en la muestra

Page 32: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Pruebas serológicas: Neutralización de la toxina in vitro

Se evaluó la capacidad del suero de los ratones inmunizados para neutralizar la muerte de la línea celular de macrófagos mediada por las toxinas del ántrax

Page 33: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Experimentos de protección del ratón

Grupo de ratones inmunizados

Inyección intravenosa de LeTx Monitorizados

0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 hrs después del tratamiento

2 veces al día por 7 días

Page 34: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Resultados

Page 35: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Resultados

Page 36: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

SDS-PAGE

Proteina Peso esperado (kDa) Peso real (kDa)H144L2 (169 aa) 18.8 21-22H144DL2 (166 aa) 18.6 21-22

Page 37: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Análisis con Western Blot

No fue detectado

Page 38: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Análisis con EM

Mayor producción de partículas

Page 39: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Análisis del tamaño y la distribución de tamaño

Inserción de epítopes exógenos

Deleción de aminoácidos

Page 40: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Discussion

Page 41: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Discussion

Author What did he say Yes/not

Yin et al We previously sucessfully inserted the 2β2-2β3 loop of PA, which contains a dominant neutralizing epitope of anthrax, into the MIR of the HBc

Yes

Petosa et al; Young and Collier

It seems possible that the insertion of the foreign sequences in the 78-79 amino acid regions would increase the total spikes length outside of the particles

Yes

Page 42: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Discussion

Author What did he say Yes/not

Billaud et al Previosly, HBc-based pre immunity was considered to be one of the system’s constraints

Yes

Karpenko et al The assembly was considered a limitation fro the application HBc particles

No

Page 43: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Conclusions

Page 44: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Conclusions

The implementation of virus like particles as a scaffold for the development of new vaccines and treatments, gives us an opportunity to fight against a big number of diseases that affect the world every day, and opens the door for a whole new field of investigation and scientific advances.

Page 45: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Conclusions

The knowledge of the molecular structure of different types of microorganisms that surround us and the understanding of how they act gives us an advantage for the design of new techniques that allow us to fight against them in a efficient and safe manner, preventing the development of pathologies and improving the treatment of those who already suffer them.

Page 46: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Conclusions

The use modifiable molecular targets is necessary to find treatments to many different diseases. It also means that in the future we can intervene in the apparition of diseases beforehand playing an important role in preventing them through the use of vaccines which would significantly better the patients quality of life

Page 47: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Conclusions

In the last few years the perspective on disease and the use of different techniques has shifted to a more molecular approach, this will significantly modify the field of medicine because we will have a more complete approach in the treatment if patients and the prevention of diseases

Page 48: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Mapas conceptuales

Page 49: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Santiago Carvalho Salgarriaga

Page 50: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Laura Arango Gutiérrez

Page 51: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Bibliografía

Page 52: Deletion modification enhances anthrax specific immunity and protective efficacy of a hepatitis B core particle-based anthrax epitope vaccine

Bibliografía

• Toro AI, Restrepo JC. Hepatitis B. Medicina & Laboratorio. 2011; 17(7-8):311-329

• Lodish H, Berk A, Matsudaira P, Kaiser C.A, Krieger M, Scott M, et al. Biología Celular y Molecular.5ª edición. Buenos Aires, Argentina: Editorial médica Panamericana; 2005.

• Gómez J.E., González A., Castaño J.C., Patarroyo M.A. Biología molecular: principios y aplicaciones. Medellín, Colombia: CIB; 2011.

• Martínez L.M., Vargas N., Toro A.E., Pamplona A.P., Quevedo E. Biologá molecular. 7ma edición. Medellín, Colombia: UPB; 2012