democracy in england

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DEMOCRACY IN ENGLAND Britain develops laws and customs that limit the power of the government 1

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Page 1: Democracy in England

DEMOCRACY IN ENGLAND

Britain develops laws and customs that limit the power of the government

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Page 2: Democracy in England

WHY ARE WE STUDYING THIS MR. PERRY?

Many of the common legal protections we have in THIS country were developed in England first!

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Page 3: Democracy in England

ACADEMIC VOCABULARY

common law

Magna Carta

due process of law

habeas corpus

Parliament

divine right

Constitutional Monarchy !3

Page 4: Democracy in England

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King Kalakaua

Page 5: Democracy in England

King James!5

Page 6: Democracy in England

William the Conquerer

William of Normandy conquers Britain

Sets the stage for:

- Decline of Feudalism - Centralized Government in England

- Plants the seeds of Democracy

Battle of Hastings 1066!6

Page 7: Democracy in England

Henry II (1133-1189) introduces the

jury trial as a means of

administering justice

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Royal Judge hears testimony from 12 witnesses and peers (jury) of the accused to help him judge the case.

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A body of law develops known as

Common Law

Reflects customs and principles

developed over time (aka “precedent”)

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In 1215 a dispute between The King and his

Nobles lead to the Magna Carta “great charter”

A written document that guarantees specific

political rights.

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Page 14: Democracy in England

King John I

King must rule according to law

Fairness of the laws and their execution

Have the law work in a known and orderly way

(“due process”)

Respect for economic rights!14

Page 15: Democracy in England

habeas corpus = “show me the body”

People must be informed of what they are accused of in a court of law and be shown evidence used against them

Prevents authorities from detaining a person wrongly or unjustly!15

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British Parliament *** taxes law

advises the king

Page 17: Democracy in England

British Parliament today

Page 18: Democracy in England

US House of Representatives

Page 19: Democracy in England

James I (1566-1625) claims

Divine Right

Clashes with Parliament

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Tensions rise with Charles I (1625)

Asks parliament for money. In exchange, parliament requires

the Petition of Right which restricts...

- taxation without parliament's ok

- illegal imprisonment

- housing troops in private homes

- maintaining military government in peacetime

Page 22: Democracy in England

Charles later dissolves Parliament and refuses to let them meet until

he needs money.

Page 23: Democracy in England

English Civil War

Page 24: Democracy in England

Oliver Cromwell aka the puritan “Protectorate”

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Cromwell’s government collapses

Monarchy is “restored” with Charles II in 1660

This time Parliament retains its rights and authority

Page 29: Democracy in England

Parliament is concerned that James II is “too Catholic”

He is removed and replaced with William and Mary

who agree to a Constitutional Monarchy

Page 30: Democracy in England

Constitutional Monarchy

powers of the rulers are limited by Parliament

William and Mary agree to accept the Bill of Rights

King can’t suspend laws no taxes w/o Parliament consent

no armies in peacetime right to petition grievances

no cruel or unusual punishments