Gemi ve Liman

169

02.08.2018 14.10.2018

26.12.2018 Cilt:10 2 169-181 DOI: 10.18613/deudfd.495796 ISSN:1309-4246

E-ISSN: 2458-9942

Kenan Y T1 Bora ACARKAN2

uygulanabilecek ve gemilerin limanda iken kullanarak na bir enerji

Bu model ile gemiler limandaki irken finansal hem kendi

hem de etkin bir abilecektir. B

i maliyetlerinde

, ve . da, kabul edilebilir

M/V . Sadece kendi

ksistem ile e CO2 ise

.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Gemi,

, kyigit@yildiz.edu.tr

, acarkan@yildiz.edu.tr

Gemi ve Liman

170

AN EXAMINATION OF THE PROPOSED ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM MODEL FOR SHIP AND PORT

INTERACTION

ABSTRACT

In this study, ship energy management model has been developed to be applied to next-generation ships and port concepts and to supply electrical energy demand of ships from alternative energy sources. With this model, when at ports, ships can use both their generators and national electricity grid considering financial and environmental criteria. Thus, ship crew will be able to select the cleanest energy source to meet the likely requirements arised from any environmental restriction based on international contracts. Ship crew will also be able to select the most economic energy sources, if any environmental criteria has been set at the port.

In this study, MATLAB software has been used in ship energy management model and the relevant

bulk carrier ship and national electricity grid of Turkey have been taken into account to obtain acceptable results. The two types of ships using only own generators and having energy management system and shore-side connection have been compared. The results show that the proposed ship energy management model will save about 46% reduction in energy costs and a reduction of about 33% in CO2 emissions.

Keywords: Ship, port, electricity, smart grid, energy management.

Denizcilik , deniz

%80 (IMO, 2018). Gemilerin, t

(CO2) x) Dioksit (SO2) (Samosir vd. 2017). G

ise . Bu

nedenle,

k Gemi Enerji ve yeni gemilerde CO2

Gemi ve Liman

171

d Denizlerin Gemilerden -

Kural NOx ve SO2 gemi dizel

NOx A

den y ( -178).

ise Emisyon

maksimum (MARPOL, 2011).

(AB)

azla kalacak gemiler ya acak ya

(EU Directive, 2012).

, a

, i, enerji depolama sistemleri, KET sistemi ve

biy,

yerine (WPCI, 2018).

ve teknolojik gereksinimlerini . Paul vd. (2014: 24-32) KET

Ballini ve Bozzo (2015: 92-

Kotrikla vd. (2017: 238-248) 2

Gemi ve Liman

172

KET sisteminin gemi dizel avantaj ya

makine dairesindeki .

limana CO2

e

maliyetlerini ve

bulunan KET si

ek e de

li edilmesi, enerji depolama

(DOE, 2018).

ileri seviyelere

KET

bir enerj

ada inde

in bir

Gemi ve Liman

173

Sahil

, gemi tara

Liman enerji

en ucuz, analiz edebilecek ve

da dikkate alarak en ucuz veya en . nerilen gemi

sistemi modeli 1 de .

1: Gemi i

G enerji

2 de

Gemi ve Liman

174

2: Gemi

e

Gemi ve Liman

175

M

birim enerji maliyeti ve emisyon Denklem 1-4

(1) (2)

(3)

, ,( ) ( )JEN ET JEN JEN ETE t P t EF (4)

Burada j

lerde kWh , emisyon

ise

ifade eder.

KET sistemi ile elde edilen elektrik enerjisinin maliyeti ve ulusal

5-6

(5) (6)

Burada ulusal elde edilen elektrik enerjisinin

maliyetini, KET sisteminin ulusal

emisyon tipine

ise emisyon

eder.

ifade edilen hesaplama algoritmada ve

. M/V

Gemi ve Liman

176

08:00 ile 19:00 saat geminin limandaki

Marine Diesel

Oil (MDO)

.026 TL/ton olarak (Bunker Index, 2017). Gemi

rleri CO2 g/kWh

olarak (ENTEC, 2005).

. ri CO2 464,43

(Creative IG Tools, 2015). B 1

iki ka

tiise enerji

Her iki senaryo toplam elektrik enerjisi maliyetleri ve emisyon salgoritma ile hesaplneticesinde Senaryo I ve Senaryo II teki gibi

.

Gemi ve Liman

177

3: Senaryolar Elektrik Enerjisi Maliyeti

3

lmesi durumundaki saatlik enerji maliyetlerini ,

Senaryo II konomik

geminin elektrik ener

3 Senaryo II

ullanmakta ve Senaryo II evresel

CO2 KET sisteminin daha az CO2

Bu

nedenle, de KET sistemi devreye girmekte ve elektrik enerjisi maliyeti

Gemi ve Liman

178

Senaryo .

Senaryo I ve S CO2 emisyon te

4: Senaryolar i CO2 Emisyonu

4

Senaryo II saatlik CO2 .

Senaryo II konomik 2

KET sisteminin daha az CO2

4 Senaryo I ve Senaryo II 2

CO2

2

sisteminin daha az CO2 KET sistemini devreye alarak geminin elek

Gemi ve Liman

179

Bu

devreye girmekte ve CO2 CO2 33 k bir azalma .

hem enerjiyi daha ucuz temin edebilecek hem

ge

geminin geleneksel elektrik sistemine sahip

2

elektrik enerjisi ihtiyecek

konularda n .

M/V ve DPA & n.

Gemi ve Liman

180

KAYNAKLAR

Ballini, F. ve Bozzo, R. (2015). Air pollution from ships in ports: the socio-economic benefit of cold-ironing technology. Research in Transportation Business & Management, 17, 92-98. ENTEC UK Limited. (2005). European Commission Directorate General Environment, Service Contract on Ship Emissions: assignment, abatement

: Preliminary Assignment of Ship Emissions to European Countries, Final Report. EU Directive. (2012). Directive 2012/33/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, Amending Council Directive 1999/32/EC as regards the sulphur content of marine fuels, 21 November 2012. Kotrikla, A.M., Lilas, T. ve Nikitakos, N. (2017). Abatement of air pollution at an Aegean Island Port utilizing shore side electricity and renewable energy. Marine Policy, 75, 238-248. MARPOL. (2011). The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, Consolidated Edition. London: IMO press. Paul, D., Peterson, K. ve Chavdarian, P.R. (2014). Designing cold ironing power systems: electrical safety during ship berthing. IEEE Industry Applications Magazine, 20(3), 24-32. Samosir, D.H., Markert, M. ve Busse, W. (2017). The technical and business analysis of using shore power connection in the port of Hamburg. Jurnal Teknik ITS, 5(2), G-350-355.

of ship sourced emissions in Izmir Port, Turkey. The Scientific World Journal, 2013.

Environmental Dimensions, in I. Dincer, C.O. Colpan, O. Kizilkan (Eds.), The Importance of Ships in the Next-Generation Electric Power Systems, pp. 167-178. London: Academic Press.

Gemi ve Liman

181

Bunker Index. (2017). http://www.bunkerindex.com/prices/indices.php15.07.2018. Creative IG Tools. (2015). CO2 Emission Conversion Factors Used on the Creative IG Tools for the Purposes of Calculating an Organisation's Carbon Footprint. https://ig-tools.com/files/International_elec_2015.pdf,

DOE - Department of Energy. (2018). What is the Smart Grid? https://www.smartgrid.gov/the_smart_grid/smart_grid.html, Tarihi: 15.07.2018. IMO - International Maritime Organization. (2018). Introduction to IMO. http://www.imo.org/en/About/Pages/Default.aspx15.07.2018.

- (2017). http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=24637Tarihi: 15.07.2018. WPCI - World Ports Climate Initiative. (2018). Onshore Power Supply. http://www.onshorepowersupply.org/,