department for environment and heritage heritage south … · 2016. 11. 3. · deh is mourning the...
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� HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007www.environment.sa.gov.au
Department for Environment and Heritage
In this issue: JohnBartonHack&theManningCottages
BlackHillLodge
TheLodge,Stirling
GeorgePaech’sfarmhouse
SteamExchangeBrewery
GoolwaStateHeritageArea
2006SchoolsHeritageCompetition
WoolshedFlatChurch
BurraRegionalArtGallery
FrederickDancker
HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletter
Edition 30 March 2007
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2 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
Minister’sUpdateDEHismourningthelossofavaluedandwell-respectedfriendandcolleaguewiththeunexpectedpassingofMaritimeArchaeologistTerryArnott.TerrywasavaluedmemberoftheHeritageBranchwhowasheldinhighregardbyhiscolleaguesacrossgovernmentandacademiaforhissignificantcontributionstomaritimeheritageinSouthAustralia.
ManagerSueAveraylefttheHeritageBranchon2FebruarytotakeupapositionintheOfficeoftheChiefExecutive.IwouldliketothankSueforherleadershipoftheBranchoverthelasttwoyearsasshehassetthecoursetoachievethegoalsoutlinedintheGovernment’sHeritageDirectionsstrategytomanageheritageinSouthAustralia.Thepositionhasbeenadvertisednationally.IntheinterimitisbusinessasusualastheBranchcontinuesitsworkundertheverycapableguidanceofPrincipalHeritageOfficerBrianSamuels.
DEHhascontributedfinancialsupporttoaninnovativeheritageprojectinpartnershipwiththeAdelaideCityCounciltoconservetheformerBeresfordArmsInninGillesStreet.Thisimportantheritagebuildingisoneofthefewnon-governmentorreligiousbuildingswithinthecityremainingrelativelyintactfromtheearliestyearsofsettlement.
Onabroaderscale,thepracticalsideofheritageconservationreceivedaboostwiththeallocationofmorethan$244,000to54projectstorepairandrestoreStateHeritagePlacesacrossSouthAustralia.Fundsweredirectedtowardsconservationandstabilisationworks,particularlywheretheworkwillenhancethefinancialviabilityofaplace.
Thisissuealsoputsthespotlightonthetremendousvolunteereffortthatmaintainsmanyofourheritageplacesinthebestpossibleway–byusingthem.FromasmallbutmajesticchurchinahillsidepaddocknearRhyniewhichhostsanannualcarolsbycandlelightgathering,totheformerPostandTelegraphOfficeatBurrawhichin2006celebrateditstenthanniversaryastheBurraRegionalArtGallery,IwouldliketoacknowledgetheeffortsofpeopleinlocalcommunitieswhosogenerouslygiveoftheirtimeandexpertisetolookaftertheseplacesforallSouthAustralianstoenjoy.
Hon Gail Gago MLC Minister for Environment and Conservation
FrontCover:FormerWoolshedFlatWesleyanMethodistChurchnearRhynie,SA(1994).
HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterDepartmentforEnvironment andHeritage
ISSN1443-9719
March 2007 Number 30
For further information please contact:
The Editor, Heritage South Australia Newsletter GPO Box 1047, Adelaide, SA 5001
Telephone:(08)81244947 Facsimile: (08)81244980 Email:[email protected]
©DepartmentforEnvironmentandHeritage
AllrightsreservedFIS2716.07
Contents 3 Heritage Places
JohnBartonHack&theManningCottages
150thAnniversary-BlackHillLodge
TheLodge,Stirling
GeorgePaech’sfarmhouse
7 Adaptive Re-use
SteamExchangeBrewery
8 State Heritage Areas
Goolwa
9 2006 Schools Heritage
Competition
�0 Heritage Volunteers
WoolshedFlatChurch
BurraRegionalArtGallery
�2 Architects & Builders of SA - 3
FrederickDancker
�4 DEH Heritage News
�6 Heritage Bookshelf
Seeds of Change
�6 Events
Heritage Directions… the South Australian Government believes that heritage considerations must be an integrated part of planning the future of our urban and rural environments. However, protecting heritage does not mean freezing the past. Nor does it mean the indiscriminate conservation of anything old.
It is important that heritage is seen as living and constantly evolving, co-existing with new developments, architectural innovation and the
creation of modern amenities. Our heritage directions must therefore be wisely mapped and carefully managed. Heritage strategies and policies must provide a degree of certainty for the community, property owners and developers. They must also protect our valuable heritage assets at the same time as promoting good urban character and facilitating sympathetic new development.
ExtractfromHeritage Directions: A Future for Built Heritage in South Australia(DepartmentforEnvironmentandHeritage,2003)
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3 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
John Barton Hack and the Portable Colonial Cottages of Henry ManningJustoffPenningtonTerrace,twotimberbuildingscontinuetheadjacencytheyhavesharedforalmostonehundredandseventyyears.Theyspeakvolumesaboutthecircum-stancesofprocuringcolonialexpansionandtheprovisioningbysomeBritishemigrantsfortheirnewlife.
BoththeMeetingHouseoftheReligiousSocietyofFriends(Quakers)andWalkleyCottage(nowpartofStMark’sCollege)beganlifeonthefloorsoftheworkshopofHenryManningat251HighHolborninLondon.TheyalsoshareacommonlinkthroughassociationwithJohnBartonHack,Quaker,earlySouthAustralianimmigrantandanenthusiasticadvocateforManning’s‘portablecolonialcottages’.HebroughttwocottagestoSouthAustraliain1837inwhichtomorecomfortablyhousehisfamily.
Hackwouldhavebeenwellawareofcontemporaryreferencestothe‘greatbeautyintheirconstruction’.FurtherclaimsthatnosectionofaManningcottagewasheavierthanamanorboycouldcarry,andthattheLondonpriceof50poundswouldprovideatwo-roomedcottagethatcouldbequicklybuilt,wereborneoutbyHack’sexperienceswithhisowncottages.
On19February1837HackandhisfamilywerestillonboardtheshipfromEngland.Thematerialsforthetwocottageswereoffloadedandonthe21sttheywerehauledupthebeachtoasuitablesiteatGlenelg.Onthe22ndthefamilyspenttheirfirstnightinoneofthecottages.ObviouslypleasedwiththeperformanceoftheManningcottage,Hackproudlywrotehomerecordingthatbythe14thAprilhehadnotonlydismantledthecottage,butbroughtthematerialsofbothtothesiteofthenewCityanderectedthemtogethertoformafour-roomedhouse.
Thekeytothis‘portability’wastheessenceofmodernprefabrication,
wheredoor,windowandwallingunitswereeachofthesamedimension.Theywerelockedinplaceaspanelsbetweentopandbottomplatesandbetweenpostseachlocatedonastrictmodulargrid.Thecottageswereoriginallyroofedintarpaulinandtheonlytoolrequiredwasaspanner.
ThereislittledoubtthatHack’stestimonialsfromAdelaidecausedHenryWatson,hisbrother-in-law,toalsobringoutaManningcottage.InJune1839,WatsonrecordedputtinguphishouseinPenningtonTerrace.Hewassomewhatreluctantabouttheventure,observingthatgoodstoneandbrickhousesweretobehad.Despitethis,andhavingfrozeninwinterandalmost‘broiled’insummer,WatsonstillhadkindwordsforhisManningcottage(albeitencasedinbrickbytheendof1840).WatsonandHack,asbusinesspartners,weretryingtosellthecomponentsofaportablecottagemadebyoneofManning’srivalsfortheemigranttradeinprefabricatedbuildings.
…ItisoneofThompson’strumperyaffairs–IneverhearofanypersonbringingoneofT’shousesthatdoesnotruehisbargain–Manningisarespectabletradesmanandhisgoodsarenotake-in¹.
Withtheinevitablealterationsandadditions,muchofWatson’sManning
cottage,togetherwithitsdistinctivegabledroof,surviveasWalkleycottage.
Asitsslate-cladroofindicates,theFriends’MeetingHousewasneverdesignedtobeasportableasManning’smoreusualproducts.AlthoughitisreputedtohavebeenfirsterectedatLondon’sEastIndiaDocksasanadvertisementbyManningtointendingemigrants,thequalitiesofitsprefabricationwereutilisedmoretoprovideexpedientaccommodationthanforreasonsofportability.
HackwasonceagaininstrumentalinitspurchaseandactedasagentinSouthAustraliaforitsreceiptonsite.However,atthetimeofitsarrivalWatsonrecordedsomewhatruefullythattheFriendshadallgoneuptoMountBarkerandthat‘…hehadlittleexpectationofseeingasecondPennsylvaniahere.’
Itwasneverthelesserectedonitsintended(andpresent)sitein1840.Hackwasobviouslypleasedwiththeresult,recordingtheMeetingHouseasaveryhandsomebuilding;‘…Manninghasdonefulljusticetoit².’
TheFriends’MeetingHouseisoneofthemostsophisticatedofManning’sproductsknowntohavesurvived.Evenmoreamazingthanitssurvivalintactagainsttermitesorlossbyfire,isthesurvivalofitsprefabricatedfurniture.
HeritagePlaces
WalkleyCottage,NorthAdelaide(1979)
PaulStark
Quaker(SocietyofFriends)MeetingHouse,NorthAdelaide(2005)
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4 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
Manninggenuinelyendeavouredtoprovidesystem-builtaccommodationthatwouldrespondwellinmostpartsofthethenBritishEmpire.Hecontinuedtofine-tunethespecificationofhiscottagesinthefifteenyearsofgreatestdemandforhisproducts(c1830-c1845),andalsoofferedtheapplicationofanti-combustiblepaintstoresistfireaswellaswashestocombatdry-rot.Hedidnotanticipatethevoraciousappetiteoftheantipodeantermitehowever.GFDashwoodisrecordedinhisout-letterbookasobserving
…thereisaninsectinthiscountrycalledtheWhiteAnt,which,onceitfindsitswayintowoodenedifices,literallyconsumesthemwholeinanincrediblyshortspaceoftime³.
ItisnotsurprisingthatthephysicalremainsofDashwood’sManningcottagewereneverfound.
Asterrestrialinstrumentsofsettlement,theportablecolonialcottageswere(forthosewhocouldaffordthem)agreatadvanceovertattyandfragilepugandcalico.Theyoccupyasignificantplaceinthehistoryofprefabrication.ItistestimonytothequalityofManning’sproductsthatahandfulofotherManningcottagesareknowntoexistelsewhereinSouthAustralia.Hisgoodswerecertainly‘notakein’.
Paul B Stark
Principal Conservation ArchitectThisarticlewasderivedfromresearchundertakeninassociationwithProfessorGilbertHerbert,TechnionHaifa,Israel.
References:
1.StateLibraryofSA(SLSA)PRG456/1Out-lettersofHenryWatson,34-56(15-18December1839)
2.Portfolio8.86,FriendsLibrary,London(lettersofHacktoTGDarton)andSLSAPRG456/1Out-lettersofJohnBartonHack,1-17(14June1840)
3.SLSAPRG1044/1/3,Out-lettersofGFDashwood,(1October1846).
�50th Anniversary- Black Hill Lodge
Former Weirmaster’s House, Garage, Stone Channel & Dry-stone Walling Ramp Black Hill Conservation Park, Gorge Road, MontacuteAswatermanagementdominatesthepoliticalagendaandourgardenwateringregimes,itistopicaltonotethe150thanniversaryofadwellingassociatedwiththeschemethatsuppliedAdelaide’sfirstreticulatedwatersupply.
Thecollection,storageanddistributionoffreshwatertothecitywasamajorengineeringfeatthatincludedtheconstructionoftheTorrensGorgeWeirandtheThorndonParkReservoir.
Workonthecity’sfirstreservoir,atThorndonPark,andamasonryweirandheadworksintheTorrensGorge,beganin1857.Theseworkswereofficiallyopened4June1860bytheCommissionerofPublicWorks,AlexanderHay,wholaidthefoundationstoneofoneofthewingsofthenewweir.
Theweirmaster’scottagewasconstructedin1857asafirststageinthisproject.IntheReport on Public Works(to30June1857),theCommissionerrecorded:
Acottage,whichwillberequiredasaresidenceforthepersoninchargeoftheweirandtheworksconnectedtherewith,hasbeenbuiltintheGorgeoftheTorrens,atacostof£480,andexpectedtobefinallycompletedinafewdays.
Thefive-roomedstonedwellingwasbuiltfortheweirmaster,whomaintainedandmonitoredthesupplyofwaterfromtheTorrensGorgeWeirtotheThorndonParkReservoir(andlatertoHopeValley).InitiallytheGorgeRoadendedatthishouse,whichwassituatedinanisolatedbushlandsetting.
In1975thehouseandlandwereincorporatedintotheBlackHillConservationPark.TheNationalParks&WildlifeServicemadesomechangestothetwo-storeybuildingin1984-85,whenpartoftheverandahwasenclosedtohousealaundry,toiletandbathroom,andtheoutdoorstairstotheupperstoreywerealsoenclosed.
Othersignificantstructuresincludethegarage(originallyastable)withsectionsofcobblestonefloorremaining;asteeprampsupportedbydry-stonewalling;andastonechannelbehindthehouse.
InAdelaide,pipedwatertoNorthTerrace,Rundle,PulteneyandFlindersStreetswasturnedonduringDecember1860.
TheThorndonParkReservoirsoonbecameinadequateforthegrowingcity,andtheconstructionofanewreservoir,atHopeValley,beganin1869.ThisprojectincludedraisingtheheightoftheTorrensGorgeWeirandtheconstructionofanopenaqueductfromtheweirtothenewreservoir.
Robyn Ashworth Senior Heritage Interpretation Officer
HeritagePlaces
BlackHillLodge,Montacute(1995)
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5 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
Free Heritage AdviceHeritage advisers have a lot of local knowledge and are a tremendous resource available free of charge to owners of heritage places. Contact your Council to check whether they employ an adviser and to make an appointment. Alternatively the
DEH Heritage website lists Council areas with a Heritage Advisory Service at http://www.heritage.sa.gov.au/advisory.html. Owners of State Heritage Places in council areas without access to a heritage advisory service may get free advice and guidance by contacting the Heritage Branch on 8124 4960.
The Lodge – Stirling Valerielovesoldthingsandthought‘TheLodge’lookedcute.Herhusbandthoughtitlookedlikealotofwork.Sixorsoyearsdownthetrackitisdifficulttoimaginetheoriginalrun-downcottagewithpurplepaintedfireplaces,‘nopowerorsewerageandsomeverysuspectwiring’.
Builtintheearly1880s,‘TheLodge’atStirlingisdesignatedasalocalheritageplace,whichmeansthatitislistedintheAdelaideHillsDevelopmentPlanasbeingoflocalheritagevalue.LocalheritageplacesaremanagedthroughtheprovisionsoftheDevelopment Act 1993.
Servingasthegatehouseforthenearby‘Thorpe’estate,theLodgeisconsideredtoberepresentativeofthevarietyofoutbuildingsassociatedwiththelargesummerretreatsofnotedSouthAustralians,inthiscaseDrCharlesGosseandErnestAyers.
Theownershaveundertakenatop-to-toerestorationtogetherwithasensitiveextensionthatprovidesthemwithadditionalspaceincludinganewkitchenandbathroom.Alloftheworkhasbeenguidedbytheirdesiretobefaithfultothecharacteroftheoriginalcottage.
Althoughtheychosenottoreproducetheunappealingoriginalbrownpaintfinishtothewalls,theydidensuresomeoriginalpaintworkwaskeptbehindacupboardasanongoingrecord.
Thisattentiontodetailisexemplifiedintheworkundertakentoreproducetheoriginalfauxmarblingontwooftheslatefireplacesurrounds.Carefulstrippingbackofthe(purple)paintrevealedremnantsofagreen–blackmarblefinish.PainteranddecoratorGaryLancasterworkedfromthesmallscrapingtoachieveastrikingfinishclosetotheoriginal.
‘It’simportanttounderstandmarble’saidGary.‘Eachpieceisunique’.
Thefirststepwastocolourmatchthenewworktotheoriginalscraping.Aglazemadetoacentury-oldrecipewasthenapplied;theclouds,thenveins,werethencreated.Sablebushes,badgerhairsoftenersandgoosefeathershelpedachievethedesiredeffect.Pureturpsflickedbybrushontothecloudsrecreatedthe
porouslookofmarble.Finallyaclearvarnish,rubbeddowntogivenotonlythelookbutfeelofmarble,providedafinishsomewherebetweensatinandgloss.
LocalHeritageAdviserfortheAdelaideHills,MichaelQueale,saidthatitwasfortunatethattheoriginalstrippingofthefireplacehadbeendoneinsuchawaythattheevidenceofthemarblinghadnotbeendestroyed.
‘Alesscarefulapproachcouldeasilyhavetakenallthepaintoff,backtotheoriginalslate’saidMichael.
‘Anotherpitfalltowatchforisworkingfromtoosmallascraping–sometimesonlypartoftheeffecthasbeenrevealed’hecautioned.
Michaelalsopointedouthowitwascommonforthetimesforthegatekeeper’scottagetomimicthemuchgrandermainhouse,oftenconstructedatthesametimewithgoodqualitymaterialsandworkmanship,albeitonamuchsmallerscale.
Theownerswereluckyenoughtocomebyan1896photooftheirhouse.Thisimagehasbeenusedtorecreatethestyleofthefrontgarden,sansivy.
Noivyisagoodthing,accordingtoMichael.‘Typicalforlodges,butdisastrousforthebuildings’hesaid.
Originalphotoswerealsousedtoinformthedesignofanewfenceintheoriginalstyle.
Thenextchallengesfortheownersincludeliningthepointingtotheexternalwalls,installingafloorinthecellarandextendingthegarden.TheyarealsoonthelookoutforaworkingMettersstovetoinstallinthecellar.
Lyn Baxter
Public Communications Officer
‘TheLodge’circa2007
Restoredtoformerglory
Theoriginalmarblingeffectisrevealedontheleft-handside
HeritagePlaces
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6 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
George Paech’s Farmhouse c�854
HistoryPaechtownisauniqueGermansettlementoriginallyoffourhomesapproximatelythreekilometressoutheastofHahndorf.JohannGeorgePaechandhiswifeandsixchildrenarrivedinSouthAustraliaaboardCaptainHahn’sshiptheZebraattheendof1838.TheysettledinHahndorf.
Theoldestson,ChristianPaech,discoveredcopperoreatKanmantooin1845whichwentontobecometheSACompany’sKanmantooMine.Therewardhewasgivenforthisfindenabledhimtopurchasetheland.HesoldpartsharesofthislandtohisfatherandtwobrothersGottlobandJohannGeorgeJnrinOctober1853.ThissmallGermanfamilysettlementcametobeknownasPaechtown.Thefourfamiliesbuiltahomeeachallwithinastone’sthrowofeachother.Thehalf-timberedconstruction(orfachwerk)withthepanelsfilledinbybrick,ratherthanthemorecommonwattleanddaub,wasareflectionofthefamily’sincreasingprosperity.
JohannGeorgePaechJnr,(knownasGeorge),marriedJohannaHartmann(knownasHannah)intheHahndorf
LutheranChurchon4January1850,withPastorKavelofficiating.TheirhomeisthefirstontherightasyouenterthePaechtowncommunity.Thishomenowknownas‘GeorgePaech’sFarmhouse’istheonlyoriginalhomeremainingastheothersweredestroyedintheAshWednesdaybushfiresof1983.
GeorgeandJohannahadfivechildren-Wilhelm,Caroline,Hermann,AugustandBertha,whowiththeexceptionofWilhelmwereallbornatPaechtownbetween1856and1867.HannahdiedathomeinNovember1898andGeorgediedtherein1908.TheirsonAugustandhisfamilycontinuedtooccupythehouseformanyyears.
Original features retainedThecurrentownersMartinandVirginiaGarepurchasedthepropertyinJanuary2004.
‘Wewereparticularlyattractedbythenumberoforiginalanduniquefeaturesthathavebeenretainedinthehouse,forexample,oldGermannewsprintisstillstucktotheceilingofthelargecellar;thehouseretainsoriginalandunusualdoorsanddoorlocks;individuallycodedredgumbeamsandoriginallargeslabredgumfloorsallhelpthehousetoretainasenseofwhatitfeelsliketohavelivedinafarmhouseinthe1850s’saidMartin.
‘Wefounditparticularlyquainttofindtheoriginaloutdoorbakingovenstillintact.Wehavealsodelightedinfindingolddetritusinthegarden–whilstgardeningIregularlyfindbitsofoldcrockeryandevenalargehorseshoefromadraughthorse’saidVirginia.
StillhiddeninthegardennexttotheroadaretheremainsofanoldwoodenwatertroughthatwouldhaveprovidedwaterforthepassinghorsesandcartsthatusedthePaechtownroutetoMtBarkertoavoidthesteepinclineofWindmillHill.
ThehousedesignisatypicalGermanfarmhousedesignwithasteeppitchedroofwithhalf-hipgables.Therearetwolotsoftworoomsplacedeithersideofahallwaykitchen.Thisallowedforevendistributionofheatthroughthehousefromthecentrallyplacedchimneys.Thelargeatticwouldhavebeenoriginallyusedasautilitarianstoragearea,butaswithmostofthesetypesoffarmhouseshasbeenconvertedintoatticbedrooms.Thelargetwo-room
cellarwouldhavebeenusedtostorethemeatsandsmallgoodspopularwithGermanfamilies.Originalracksmadefrombranchesarestillsuspendedfromthecellarceilingandwouldhavebeenusedtohangsmallgoodsandcheeses.
‘ApparentlyGeorgePaechkeptalargebeartrapinthecellarformanyyears.Whetherthisisareflectionofthepoorrelationswithhisneighboursorasignofthehighqualityofthesmallgoodsthatneededtobeprotectedfromthieves,wecanonlyguess’saidMartin.
Current restorationThehousewasextensivelyrenovatedintheearly1970sbuttheGareshavecontinuedrestorationwithpainstakingattentiontotheretentionoforiginalfeatures.Evennewadditions,suchasadoublecarport,havebeenbuiltutilisingtraditionalconstructiontechniques(mortiseandtenonjoints,scarfjointsandwoodendowels).
‘WearefortunatetobeabletousetheexpertiseofmybrotherJustinwhoisaHeritageCarpenterandanObjectsConservator,aswellasmyfather’sextensiveexperienceinrenovatingoldhomes-MumandDadownaheritagelistedcottageincentralHahndorfwhichtheyrestoredfromastateofruin’saidMartin.
AnexampleofthelengthsMartinandVirginiahavegonetoinpreservingtheoriginalfeaturesincludescrapingbackbyhandathicklayerofshellacfromtheredgumfloorstopreserveandhighlighttheoriginalsurface.
Thereisevidencethatinthelate1800sthehousehada‘Victorianmakeover’includingtheinstallationofaVictorianfrontdoor.Hiddenundertheverandahisevidencethatthewholefaçadeofthehouseincludingthetimberworkwaspaintedandlinedtolookasifithadastraightbrickfaçade.
Atthesametimetheinternalwallsandtimberframeswereplasteredandwallpapered.
Theroofwasoriginallycoveredinthatchandthenwoodenshingleswhichwerelaterreplacedwithcorrugatediron.Theironwasremovedinthe1970sandreplacedwithcedarshingles.
Theoriginaloutdoorovenisstillingoodconditionandisahighlightofthebackyard.‘IbelievetheEnglishmethodofcookinginvolvedleavingthehot
HeritagePlaces
Theoriginaloutdoorovenisafeature(2006)
GeorgePaech’sFarmhouse(2006)
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7 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
SteamExchangeBrewery,Goolwa(Oct2006)
coalsinwhilstthefoodwascooking,whereastheGermanmethodentailedheatingtheoventothedesiredtemperatureandthenremovingthecoals.Itwouldthenbetheradiantheatstoredinthestoneandbricksthatwouldcookthefoodratherthanthedirectheatfromthecoals’saidMartin.
Onelocalhistorybookquotesfrominterviewswitholdresidents:
Toheattheoven,itwasfilledwithwoodusuallycollectedbytheboys.Afterallhadburnt,thehotasheswereremovedwithalonghandledtimberormetalscraper,andtheovenfloorcleanedwithawetragattachedtoastick.Todeterminethecorrecttemperature,flourwasthrownin–presumablythecolourationdeterminedthedesiredtemperature.Thisknackofdeterminingthecorrecttemperaturevariedbetweenhouseholds.Somehousewivescould‘feelit’,whereasothersjudgeditbythetimeittookforapieceofpapertoburn.(YoungG,HarmstorfI,BrasseL,MarsdenA[1981]).
ThePaechbrothersconductedafeudovermanyyears.ThesourceofthisconflictisnotknownbutthefactthatGeorgeandHannahdidnothaveagoodsupplyofwaterontheirblockandwereforcedtocultivatelandfurtheruptheroadforthefamily’svegetablesmayhavegeneratedtension.AcourtcaseresultedwhenoneofthePaechbrotherstiedanotherbehindahorsedragginghimthroughthemainstreetofHahndorf.(LuurFox1977).
‘FromwhatwehavereaditseemsthatGeorgewasthecrankyone’,saidVirginia.
Onelocalhistorianstatesrathersimply:‘Nodoubt,GeorgePaechmusthavebeenratheradifficultmantogetonwith’. (Butler1982).
MartinandVirginia,theirsonAntonandtheirlovableIrishTerrierLucycontinuetoenjoynotjustthehomeanditshistorybutthesenseofcommunitythatexistsinPaechtown.Itseemsthatthecurrentresidentsenjoymuchmoreamicablerelationsthantheoriginalonesofthe1850s!
Martin GareSources:
Butler,RGeorge Hartmannof the PrinceGeorge,InvestigatorPressPtyLtd,1982
LuurFox,A Hahndorf–A Brief look at the Town and its History,FoxPublishing,1977
YoungG,HarmstorfI,BrasseL,MarsdenAHahndorf,A Survey carried out for the Australian Heritage Commission,Vol1,page154,TechsearchInc,1981
InearlyOctober2006theaptlynamed‘SteamExchangeBrewery’openedits(verylarge)doorsinthenewlyconservedandadaptedRailwayGoodsShed,nestledbetweentherailwaystationandthewharfshed,attheGoolwaWharf.
Thisopeningwastheculminationofmorethanayear’shardworktoconvertthetimberandironbuilding,originallyconstructedin1879,foruseasabrewery.Thebuildinghadtobere-cladandcleaned(imagineover125yearsofdustandgrime!),structuraltimbersreplaced(cockatooshadtakentheirtollononeparticularbeam),glassand
timberslidingdoorsconstructedtoreflecttheoriginaldesign(usingtheskillsoftheneighbouringGoolwaWoodenBoats),andamicro-breweryandbarfacilitiesinstalled.
Withthepreviousadaptationofthewharfshed,andnowthegoodsshed,visitorstotheGoolwaWharfcanexperienceauniqueblendingoftheoldwiththenew:paddlesteamersandsteamengines,boatbuildingandbrewing.
Formoreinformationvisithttp://www.steamexchange.com.au.
Sarah Laurence
Senior Heritage Officer
AdaptiveRe-useNew Brewery Opens in the Railway Goods Shed by the Goolwa Wharf
HeritagePlaces
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8 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
In this extract from the State Heritage Areas of South Australia website we look at the River Murray port of Goolwa, 83 kilometres south-east of Adelaide. Located on the western shore of Lake Alexandrina, on the waterway’s last bend before it enters the Southern Ocean, the name Goolwa is thought to be an Aboriginal word meaning ‘elbow’, which describes the river’s shape at this point as it curves around Hindmarsh Island towards the Murray Mouth
Goolwa State Heritage AreaTheGoolwaStateHeritageAreaencompassestheinnerpartoftheGoolwatownshipandincludesthewharfandtramwayprecinct,partofthetown’searlycommercialcoreandtheresidentialareatothesouth,knownas‘LittleScotland’.
SignificanceTheGoolwaStateHeritageArea,declaredon24September1987,acknowledgesthetown’ssignificanthistoryasoneofAustralia’sprincipalnineteenthcenturyriverports.
Duringitshey-day,fromthe1850stothe1880s,Goolwawasoneofthecountry’searliestandmostimportantRiverMurrayports.ItwasthesouthernterminusfortheMurray-DarlingBasin,andabustlingcentrefortransportandtradebetweenSouthAustraliaandtheeasterncolonies.
GoolwadevelopedastheMurray’slinkwiththesea.Cargoesofwoolandotherproducewereoff-loadedattheriverportandtransportedby(horse-drawn)railwaytobeexportedfromaseaportonEncounterBay-initiallyPortElliotandlaterVictorHarbor.Suppliesandpassengersalsotravelledthisroute.
Withtradeandtransportcameprosperity.Industriesdevelopedandthepopulationgrew.Significantly,GoolwawasthefirstAustralianriver
portthatengagedinshipbuildingandrepairs.PartoftheGoolwaStateHeritageArea’ssignificancerelatestothesurvivingbuildingsandotherelementsthatrepresentthetown’slinkstoinlanddevelopmentandmaritimecommerceinthenineteenthcentury.
Theuniquewharfandtramwayprecinctisofnationalsignificanceandiscomplementedbythewell-preservedpublicandcommercialbuildingsandresidentialcottagesoftherivertradeera.
Brief HistoryGoolwa’sstoryincludestheregion’srecognisedsignificancefortheNgarrindjerripeopleofthelowerMurray,aswellasassociationswithexplorersCharlesSturtandColletBarker,butitisthetown’shistoryasoneofAustralia’smostimportantriverportsthatissignificantforitsdesignationasaStateHeritageArea.
FromtheearliestdaysofSouthAustralia’ssettlement,theMurraywasseenpotentiallyasAustralia’s‘Mississippi’,butthedangerousrivermouthhandicappedthedevelopmentofthisinlandtransportroute.Inthe1850s,followingthesuggestionofGovernorYoung,ahorse-drawnrailwaywasconstructedfromGoolwatoPortElliot.Thislineeffectivelylinkedriverportandseaport,limitingtheneedforvesselstonegotiatetheMurrayMouth.Publicworkswerealsocarriedoutatbothlocations,andincludedthewharfatGoolwa(1852).Theopeningoftheraillink(1854)wasthestimulusfortherivertradethatquicklydeveloped.
Fromthe1850stotheearly1880sGoolwamonopolisedSouthAustralia’s
rivertradewithVictoriaandNewSouthWales.
Theoriginalwharfwasextendedin1866andrebuiltin1874.Likeothercountrytowns,Goolwa’sindustriesincludedbreweries,asawmillandaflourmill,butalsoashipbuildingandrepairindustry.
TheopeningofarailwaylinefromMorgantoPortAdelaidein1878ledtoadwindlingofrivertradeontheMurray’slowerreaches.Goolwa’sprosperitydeclinedslowlyaftertheearly1880s,whenMorganquicklyeclipsedGoolwaasthebusiestriverportinSouthAustralia.Bytheturnofthecenturyshipbuildinghadvirtuallyceased,althoughsomemaintenanceworkwasstillcarriedout,andGoolwa’sprosperityasaportwasover.
Goolwasurvived,changingfromamajorriverporttoapopulartouristdestination.
FeaturesTheGoolwaStateHeritageAreaincludesnineplacesthatareStateHeritagePlacesenteredintheSouthAustralianHeritageRegister,andwhichrelatetoGoolwa’sactivitiesasaprosperousriverportlinkedbyarailwaytoEncounterBay.
•Shop,2CadellStreet
•RailwayGoodsShed
•CorioHotel
•PoliceStationandCourthouse
•FormerAustralasianHotel
•FormerGoolwa-PortElliotRailwayHorseStables
•WharfComplex
•FormerRailwaySuperintendent’sHouse
•CockenzieHouse
StateHeritageAreas
Goolwawharfarea
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9 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
Othersignificantfeatureswithintheprecinctinclude:
•asectionoftheoriginalGoolwa-PortElliottramwaycutting,excavatedin1852,andbelievedtobetheoldestsurvivingrailwayartefactinAustralia;
•theSoldiers’MemorialGardens,completedin1917onpartoftheoriginaltramwaycutting;
•theGoolwaHotel,theearlypartofwhichdatesfrom1853,andwhichisadornedwiththefigureheadoftheshipwreckedMozambique;
•thePostOffice,whichisreputedtoincorporatethe1854tramwaypassengerstation;
•thegroupofcottagesknownas‘LittleScotland’,someofwhichdatefromthe1860s;
•the1859CustomsHouse;and
•theCouncilChambersinCadellStreet,whichincorporatetheoriginalTownHall(1860)andwhichweremodernisedin1878and1907.
More on State Heritage AreasFormoreinformationaboutGoolwaandthesixteenotherSAStateHeritageAreasseehttp://www.stateheritageareas.sa.gov.au
Robyn Ashworth Senior Heritage Interpretation Officer
FormerRailwaySuperintendent’sHouse,Goolwa
OutstandingandcommendedentriesinthefourthannualSchoolsHeritageCompetitionwerecelebratedatapresentationceremonyheldatStateheritage-listedSunnybraeFarmon31October.Thecompetitionagainattractedimpressiveentriesfromschoolsacrossthestatewiththe2006themebeingHeritage Connections: links with our past.
Aconditionofthecompetitionisthatentriesmustbecomputergenerated,andeachyeartheinnovativeuseoftechnologycontinuestosurprise.RobynAshworth,SeniorHeritageInterpretationOfficerwiththeHeritageBranch,assembledapanelofjudgesforthedifficulttaskofchoosingthemostoutstandingentries,whichincludedaniMovieshowinghowtheRoyalAdelaideShowconnectsallSouthAustralians,apodcasttourofSemaphoreandLargsBay,andaPowerpointpresentationwheretheimageswereprintedonfabrictocreateaquilt.
In2006anewcategorywasestablishedtorecogniseanoutstandingclassprogramrelatedtotheSchoolsHeritageCompetitiontheme.Thecategoryhighlightstherangeofeducationaloutcomesassociatedwithparticipationinthecompetitionandacknowledgestheprocessratherthanthefinalproduct.WinnerswereBevTonkinandMikeShawfortheirworkwiththeCoromandelValleyPrimarySchoolYears1&2todeveloptheir‘Our Past’entry.
Thewinningschoolsandentriescanbeviewedathttp://www.environment.sa.gov.au/heritage/latest_news.html#2006_comp
In 2006 prizes were awarded to:
Mintaro Farrell Flat Primary SchoolPatches Of Past And Present MostOutstandingEntryYearR-2
Melrose Primary SchoolFarming ‘Then & Now’ HighlyCommendedEntryYearR-3
Mundulla Primary School Clues To The Past MostOutstandingEntryYear4-5
Loxton Lutheran School The 1956 Flood In Loxton HighlyCommendedEntryYear4-5
Curramulka Primary School The Old Hospital HighlyCommendedEntryYear4-5
North Haven Schools Royal Adelaide Show & Showgrounds: Connecting All South Australians MostOutstandingEntryYear6-7
Keith Area School AMP ‘Wiles Huts’ MostOutstandingEntryYear6-7
North Haven Schools Semaphore & Largs Bay Heritage Connections: A Podcast TourMostOutstandingEntryYear6-7
Curramulka Primary School Laighside HighlyCommendedEntryYear6-7
Parndana Campus, KICE Tilka Hut MostOutstandingEntryYear8-10
2006SchoolsHeritageCompetition
BevTonkinandMikeShaw,winnersoftheinauguralTeachingHeritageAward,withtheirstudentsandSAHeritageCouncilmemberDrJudithBrine.
StudentsfromMintaroFarrellFlatPrimarySchoolshowpartoftheiraward-winningentry
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�0 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
HeritageVolunteers
Woolshed Flat Church near Rhynie, SA‘The church building with its graveyard, exotic trees and iron gate, isolated on its acre of ground amid wheatfields, form an evocative group, splendidly sited on a rolling hillside. Although on a little-used road from Rhynie to Balaklava, the church is an impressive landmark’. (RegisterAssessmentReport,1988)
Almosttwentyyearslater,thankstotheworkofasmallbutdedicatedteamofvolunteers,thissimplelittlechurchcontinuestobe‘animpressivelandmark’.ItalsoactsasasignificantmarkerinearlySouthAustralianhistory.
TheformerWoolshedFlatWesleyanMethodistChurchhasalwaysbeenapartofBrianKemp’slife.Hehaslivedallhislifeinthefamilyhomeminutesdowntheroad,hisparentsandgrandparentsareburiedinthechurchcemetery,andthreeofhisfourdaughtershavechosentogetmarriedintheausteresandstonebuildingthatsitsonahillsidepaddockinthemidnorthcroppingbeltbetweenKapundaandClare.Hisyoungestdaughter’schristening(she’snow36)wasthelastchurchserviceheldthere,in1971,112yearsafteritsopening.
Heritage significanceItperhapsnotsurprisingthatBriantakesanactiveinterestinitscare.Buildingsandstructuresaretangiblekeysthatcanhelpunlockpersonalmemoriesandcommunityhistories.Andalthoughit’spersonalfortheKempsandothersinthelocalcommunity,theWoolshedFlatChurchisalsoconsideredofheritagevaluetotheState,asanexampleofanearlyruralWesleyanChurchsitedamidwheatfieldsratherthaninatowntoservethefamiliesonnearbyfarms.ThechurchwasenteredintheSouthAustralianHeritageRegisterasaStateHeritagePlacein1988.
TheBakersSpringsorRhynieareawastakenupunderoccupationallicencefrom1846onward.Atthattime,churchserviceswerebeingheldinwhatisnowtheKempfamilyhome.In1858Brian’sgreat-great-grandfather,JamesKemp,
donatedanacreoflandalongtheRhynie–Balaklavaroad,andseveraldrayloadsoflocallyquarriedstone,foraWesleyanchapelandburialground;asignificantgestureforthetimes.
Thechurchopenedin1859.Thereisnownovisibleevidenceofanadjacentschoolbuildingwhichopenedinabout1864andclosedin1884whenapermanentschoolwasbuiltinRhynie.Regularservicesinthechurchceasedinthe1970sbutfamiliesofpeopleburiedinthecemeterywerekeentolookafterthechurchandcemetery,sotheyformedanincorporatedgroupandpurchasedthepropertyfromtheUnitingChurchinthe1990s.
Thisgroupworkswithoutfusstopreservethissimplestructure,whiletheoccasionalweddingandannualcarolsnightservetogatherthelocalcommunitybacktothechurch.‘Andasthereisnoelectricity,ittrulyiscarolsbycandlelight’saysBrian.
Stories from the pastBriancanalsotellstoriesofmuchearliertimesatthechurch.‘Apparentlypewswererentedtofamiliestohelpraisefundsandnotsurprisingly,familieswerequiteproprietalaboutthem.Astoryistoldaboutthegentlemenwhodecidedafistfightafterchurchwasthebestwaytosettleadisputeoversittinginsomeoneelse’spew’.
TalestoldbymembersofthecongregationovertheyearsincludememoriesofMondaynightteameetings,whenthewomenwouldbringtheirwickerbasketsfilledwithtriflesandcakesandslicedmuttonandpicklessetoutontheirbestchinaplates.Theteawouldbemadefromwaterboiledinthecoppersstandingintheyard,andgamesforthechildrenwouldbeenjoyedbeforeponieswerereharnessedandplacedinthetrapsforthereturntriphome.
Heritage adviceAndrewStevens,theHeritageAdviserfortheClareandGilbertValleys,hasbeenonhandtoadviseandguidetheworkofthechurch’svolunteercaretakers.Heremarksthat‘thechurchissitedinamagnificentposition,anditslocationreallybringshomethestrugglesandcommitmentoftheearlysettlersinthedistrict.
Theeffortsofthisgroupofvolunteersinmaintainingthebuildingandgroundsaretobecommended.’
AssistedbyagrantfromtheSouthAustralianHeritageFund,theroofhasbeenreplacedandpolycarbonatesheetinginstalledovertheslenderlancetwindowstoprotecttheclearlozenge-panedleadlights.BrianandhiswifeMaureenkeepthegrasscutandtheweedsatbay,andlocalsarehappytopitchinfortheoccasionalworkingbee.
Volunteer commitmentOut-of-townerswithrelativesburiedinthechurchgraveyardoftenexpresstheirgratitudetotheKempsfortheirroleinlookingafterthechurchandsurrounds.Oneperson,pleasedtohavelocatedalong-lostcousininthecemeteryandnoticingthattherainwatertankwasrustedout,contactedBrianofferingtoorganiseareplacement.
Anichewallforcrematedremainshasbeenbuiltinthegroundsofthechurchinmorerecenttimes,whichhelpstokeepthehistoricchurchandcemeteryrelevantandviableintothefuture.
GiventhecommitmentoftheWoolshedFlatChurchvolunteersitseemsthatthechurchislikelytobeenjoyedforsometimeyet,andwillcontinuetostandasareminderofasignificantaspectofSouthAustralia’searlyhistory.
Lyn Baxter Public Communications OfficerReference:
‘AlittlebitofthehistoryoftheWoolshedsWesleyanChurch.’(UndatedtypescriptheldbyB&MKemp,Rhynie)
BrianKemp
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�� HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
BrianKemp
Burra Regional Art Gallery (former Burra Post and Telegraph Office)DrivingintothemainstreetofBurraitisobviousthatthisisacommunitythatvaluesitsheritage.Thevibrancyofthetownshipisenhancedbytheheritagebuildings,manyofwhichhavefoundongoinguses-includingtheBurraRegionalArtGallery.
TheBurraRegionalArtGallerystartedlifeinthe1860sasaTelegraphStationandPostOfficeamidtheusualcontroversyassociatedwithmajordevelopments:
ThesuggestionthattheofficesoftheTelegraphandPostmasteraretobeamalgamatedisworthyofnotice.Alsothemostscrupulouscareshouldbetakenintheselectionofattendants.Inallsmallcommunitiesthereismoregossipthannecessary,whichoughttobeespeciallyguardedagainst.Hence,inEngland,theboysofRugbySchool(deafanddumb)aresoughtfortelegraphclerks.(ExtractfromaletterbyColonistintheSA Register,22January1861).
SuchconcernsareclearlyathingofthepastandthecommunityofBurraisbenefitingfromanumberof
‘urbanites’whohavemadeamovetothetown.ForPeterHarveythedecisiontorelocatetoBurrawasmaderatherabruptlyoneweekendwiththespontaneouspurchaseofahouse.After10years,theinstantattractionforBurrahasn’twaned,andPeterhasenjoyedhisroleasChairmanoftheBurraRegionalArtGallery-BRAGasPeterproudlypointsout.
TheGalleryisatestamenttothehardworkofthelocalvolunteerswhohadtheforesighttoimagineaviableusefortheneglectedPostandTelegraphOfficewhichwasclosedinthe1960safter100yearsofvaluedservice.FollowingthepurchaseofthebuildingbytheLocalCouncil,thecommunityhasworkedtirelesslytopreserveandrestorethesite.
TheMcDouallStuartBoardoftheBurraArtGalleryIncorporatedisnamedforJohnMcDouallStuart,whoin1862telegraphedtoAdelaidefromtheBurraTelegraphOfficethenewsthathehadcompletedthefirstcrossingofthecontinentfromSouthtoNorth.
PeterandhisBoardaren’tdauntedbythehugetaskofrunningtheGallery,staffedsolelybyvolunteers.
Theycoordinatethe45activevolunteersandguideswhohelptoensurethatthegalleryisopensevendaysaweek.ThegallerystocksworksbylocalregionalartistsandincollaborationwithCountryArtsSAalsohoststravellingexhibitions.AhighlightisthepermanentdisplayoffouroriginalSTGilllandscapesofmid-nineteenthcenturyBurraretrievedfromunderthestageattheadjacentTownHallandrestoredbyArtlab.
TheformerBurraPostandTelegraphOfficewasenteredintheSouthAustralianHeritageRegisterasaStateHeritagePlacein1981andlieswithintheboundariesoftheBurraStateHeritageArea,declaredin1993toacknowledgetheBurracoppermine’ssignificantcontributiontoSouthAustralia’searlyprosperityandthetown’slaterdevelopmentasamajorservicecentreforagricultureandpastoralismintheState’smid-north.FormoreinformationabouttheBurraStateHeritageAreaanditsmanyhistoricplacesindividuallyenteredintheSouthAustralianHeritageRegisterseetheStateHeritageAreaswebsitehttp://www.stateheritageareas.sa.gov.au
TheBurraStateHeritageAreabrochureproducedincollaborationwithDEHandtheGoyderRegionalCouncilisalsoavailableonlineathttp://www.environment.sa.gov.au/heritage/pub.html
TheBurraRegionalArtGalleryislocatedat5MarketStreet,Burraandisopeneverydayfrom1-4pm,orbyappointment,telephone:88922411or0428-228-955
Jane Crosby Executive Officer, SA Heritage CouncilBurraRegionalArtGallery(formerBurraPostandTelegraphOffice),2007
PeterHarvey,ChairmanoftheBurraRegionalArtGallery
HeritageVolunteers
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�2 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
DANCKER, Frederick William, �852 - �936FrederickDanckerisprobablybestknownfordesigninglargeresidencesintheAdelaidesuburbs.ThepracticeofFrederickDanckercontinuedforoverseventyyearsbeingcarriedbyhisarchitectson,Eric.
FrederickWilliam(Wilhelm)DanckerispresumedtohavebeenborninMacclesfieldintheAdelaideHills,aswerehissiblings.HisGermanfatherandBritishmotherhadarrivedinSouthAustraliainthe1840sandweremarriedatBlakistonin1850.Thesecondoffivechildren,FrederickattendedaprivateschoolinAldingaand,inpursuitofhisdreamofbecominganavalarchitect,hesailedtoEnglandinanattempttogaintraininginthisfield.UnfortunatelythisprovedfruitlessandhereturnedtoAustraliatoundertakearchitecturaltraininginMelbourne.BackinAdelaideinthe1870shewasarticledtoDanielGarlick.DanckermarriedClaraAnnePhillippsandtheyhadthreechildren,ReginaldFritz(diedaged14),EricPhillippsandGladysClara.
Career detailsDanckeropenedhisownarchitecturalofficein1880andworkedaloneuntil1905whenhetookhissonEricDanckerintothepractice.In1912oneofhiscontemporariesdescribedDanckeras‘anoldestablishedsteadygoinggentlemanwhohasagoodpracticeinbetterclassresidences’(JohnMonashwebsite).HeadmittedEricintopartnershipin1913andfromthattimeonwardstheypractisedasF.W.DanckerandSon.
DanckerwasaninauguralmemberoftheSouthAustralianInstituteofArchitectsformedin1886andjoinedthere-formedSAIAintheearly1920s.Hepractiseduntil1931when,afterbeinginjuredinanaccident,heretiredaged79.Danckerdiedin1936andEriccontinuedthepracticeuntilhisdeathin1953.
DanckerwrotearticlesonarchitectureformagazinessuchasSouth Australian Homes and Gardens.Hisbookcollectionshowstheextenttowhichhereadandeducatedhimselfonarchitectureandextensiveclippingsfilesdemonstratehisactiveinterestin
designideas.Thisinterestculminatedinthepublicationofhis1904bookModern Dwellings: 100 Selected Designswhichillustrateddesignsforhousesusingplans,elevationsandphotographs.Thebooksetouttoeducatethehomebuildingpublicandtohelpthem‘inconstructinganalmostidealplan’.
Design approachDanckersawthestyleofabuildingasbeingachievedthroughits‘leadingfeatures’ofgables,towers,rooftreatment,baywindows,chimneys,andverandahsorbalconies.Whendiscussingwallshewroteofpleasingcombinationsofbrickandstonebeingfavoured.Thedesignsillustratedinthebookshowhousesrichwithornamentanddetailing.Yetdespitetheapparentpreoccupationwithornamenthisphilosophywassurprisinglymodern.ThebookdemonstratedDancker’sapproachtodesign:
Ourendeavouristoproducedesignswhoseonlyornamentiscomprisedinrefinementofthegracefullinesofstrictlyutilitarianfeatureswithoutassertiveattemptateffect,butalwayspleasinginitssubduednaturaltones,withoutdeceptioninmaterialnordisguiseinconstruction,butthroughouthonestlyindicatingitspurpose.
Healsogavepracticaladvicesuchas:‘Sacrificeallornamentratherthanrisksoundconstruction’.
InhisearlyyearsDanckerwasthearchitectformuchofWillyama(nowBrokenHill)inNewSouthWales.In1888hecalledfortendersfora40roomhotel,ahospitalandachurch.DanckerwaivedhisfeefortheSouthAdelaideCreche(nowdemolished),whichstoodinGougerStreet,Adelaide.Itopenedin1896andithasbeensuggestedthatthebuildingwasdesignedonthelinesofadoll’shouse,especiallysince‘Adoll’shouseownedbyDanckerwasondisplayattheopeningoftheCreche’(AHPI).TheCrecheprovidedofficespacefortheSecretary,livingaccommodationfortheMatronandadining/playroom,dormitoryandcotroombelow.
DanckeralsodesignedtheOurBoysInstitute,221WakefieldSt,Adelaide,theMacclesfieldInstitute,andtheQueen’sHomematernityhospital(laterrenamedtheQueenVictoriaHospital)atRosePark.ReligiousbuildingsincludedStPaul’sLutheranChurch,Hahndorf,MalvernUnitingChurchandaRectoryatMtBarker.
ArchitectsandBuildersofSouthAustralia-3
FormerOurBoysInstitute,221WakefieldSt,Adelaide(2007)
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�3 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
Residential workHishousedesignsincludeAdareatVictorHarbor,designedfortheCudmorefamilyandknownforits‘highqualityofdesignanddetailinganditsgrandscale’.ItisclaimedthatDanckerwasthefirsttointroduceturretroofsintoSouthAustralia(AHPI).InModern Dwellingshesuggestedthat‘Ifpossible,havesomenovelandinterestingfeatureabouttheapproachwhichwillindividualizethatparticularhouse’.ThisapproachcanbeseeninAdareandAttunga,theformerresidencethatisnowpartofBurnsideMemorialHospital,whichhasprominentdecorationandaturret.ThelatterresidencewasillustratedwithaphotographandplaninModern Dwellings.Danckerwasanadvocateofterra-cottatilesremarkingthat‘Ourgoodfriendcorrugatedironhashadagoodinnings’andstatingthatthebenefitsoftileswerethattheywerecooler,moredurableandsuperiorineffect.
AmonghisotherresidentialworkwasafinelydetailedandcraftedEnglishstyleTudorhouseatFitzroyTerrace,Thorngatebuiltin1912.TheEstateoffice,stonebridges,signsandlampstandardsatSpringfieldweredesignedbythepartnershipF.W.DanckerandSonArchitects,althoughthedesignerofthesewithintheofficewasE.P.Dancker.NotallofDancker’sresidentialworkwas
largeresidences.WritingabouthisownhouseatRoseParkhesaid:‘Forasmallfamilythearrangementofplanhasprovedmostconvenient,snuginwinterandeasilykeptcoolthroughspellsofhotweather’.In1929F.W.DanckerandSonwontheAdelaideWorkmen’sHomesTrustcompetitionfordesignsforcottagesatHiltonin1929inan‘ArtsandCraftspicturesquevernacularcottagestyle’.(McDougall1998,p.256)
CommercialworkbyDanckerincludedshopsinRundleStreetforMcDonaldsonandWalterandtheMetropolitanHotel,42-46GroteStreet.ItisalsoclaimedthatDanckerwasthefirstSouthAustralianarchitecttocallfortheconstructionofareinforcedconcretewallinabuilding(Advertiserobituary).Howeveritisprobablyhisresidentialworkforwhichhewillberemembered.
Julie CollinsJulieCollinsisCollectionsManagerintheArchitectureMuseum,LouisLaybourneSmithSchoolofArchitectureandDesign,UniversityofSouthAustralia.ThisisaslightlycondensedversionofabiographyofF.W.DanckershepreparedforaDatabaseofSouthAustralianArchitectsandtheirWorksbeingcompiledthroughtheArchitectureMuseum.TheDatabaseprojectisfundedbytheSADepartmentforEnvironmentandHeritage
Sources:
Published
Dancker,F.W.Modern Dwellings: 100 Selected Designs,Adelaide,1904.[AllquotesattributedtoDanckerarefromthisbook.]
‘DeathofMrF.W.Dancker.State’sOldestArchitect’,TheAdvertiser29.8.1936,p22
Jensen,ElfridaandJensen,RolfColonial Architecture in South Australia: a definitive chronicle of development 1836-1890 and the social history of the times,RigbyPublishersLtd.,Adelaide,1980.
Marsden,S.,Stark,P.andSumerling,P.Heritage of the City of Adelaide: An illustrated guide,CorporationoftheCityofAdelaide,Adelaide,1990.
Page,MichaelSculptors in Space,RAIA,Adelaide,1986.
McDougall,Katrina‘TheCommodityofAdelaideWorkmen’sHomes1890s-1930s’inFirm(ness) commodity DE-light?: questioning the canons,papersfromthe15thAnnualconferenceoftheSocietyofArchitecturalHistoriansAustraliaandNewZealand,Melbourne,Australia,September1998,pp.252-257.
Russell,AllisonLiberated: the Dancker Collection of Architectural Books,anexhibitionproducedbyFlindersArtMuseumandpresentedattheCampusGallery7thNovemberto10thFebruary1998,FlindersUniversityofSouthAustralia,Adelaide.
WilkinsonSandoandWylesLtd,Springfield: A Beautiful Setting for beautiful homes protected by building restrictions,nodate[c.1920s].
Unpublished
AustralianHeritagePlacesInventory(AHPI)website-entriesforAdareConferenceCentreandtheSouthAdelaideCreche
JohnMonash.Engineeringenterprisepriortohttp://www.home.vicnet.net.au/~aholgate/jm/bldgtext/bldgs16.html
RAIASouthAustraliaSignificant20thCenturyArchitecture(1986)cardindex.CopyheldatLouisLaybourneSmithSchoolofArchitectureandDesignArchitectureMuseum,UniversityofSouthAustralia.
‘Adare’,VictorHarbor(1893)ImagecourtesyofAnthonyLaube
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�4 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
Farewell from Sue Averay, Heritage Branch Manager Asmanyofyouwillalreadybeaware,IamleavingtheHeritageBranchratherearlierthanIthoughtwouldbethecaseinordertotakeupanirresistiblenewchallengeintheOfficeoftheChiefExecutive,DEHasofFebruary2007.
In2004,whenIcommencedintheroleofBranchManager,IidentifiedmyprioritiesasbeingtoreviewthewayinwhichtheworkoftheBranchisdoneandtostrengthenandextendthecapacityoftheBranchtodeliverontheinitiativesofHeritageDirections.Twoandahalfyearslater,Ileavewithanawarenessofmoreyettobedone,butalsowithasenseofmuchhavingbeenachievedsinceIbegan.
Thestaffareoutstandingpeoplewhosediversityofexperience,trainingandskillscoupledwiththeircommitmenttothecauseofheritageconservationisarichresource,whiletheethicofcontinuousimprovementisreflectedintheirconsistentevaluationoftheworktheydoandtheresultsitachieves.IhaveagreatdealofsatisfactionabouttheroleIwasabletoplayinfosteringandsupportingthem.
Bestofall,Ihaveafarbetterinformedawarenessofthepassionofmanyownersandtheircontribution,whichaugmentsandcomplementstheworkofgovernmentinprotectingthepast.Ialsoappreciatefarmorethecomplexityoftheissuesinvolvedinheritageconservationandthedelicacyofthenegotiationsrequiredinthebalancebetweentheneedsofthenowandtheneedsofthefuture.IintendtobeanadvocateforthisimportantworkwhereverIgo.
Funds to care for State’s HeritageInNovember2006,EnvironmentandConservationMinister,GailGagoannouncedfundingofmorethan$244,000for54projectsacrossthestatetorepairandrestoreheritageplaces.Fundsweredirectedtowardsconservationandstabilisationworks,particularlywheretheworkwillenhancethefinancialviabilityof
aplace.Fordetailsaboutprojectssupportedin2006/07seehttp://www.heritage.sa.gov.au/grantsawards.html.
KeepaneyeonthiswebpageforinformationaboutthenextroundofSAHeritageFundgrants.
Heritage South Australia E-News launched.Anewmonthlye-newsletter,launchedon8FebruaryandpublishedbytheDEHHeritageBranch,aimstodelivernewsandinformationabouteventstopeopleinvolvedinlookingafterSouthAustralia’sbuiltandmaritimeheritage.Heritage SA E-NewssupplementstheHeritage South Australia Newsletter.
[email protected]‘subscribeHeritageSAE-News’inthesubjectline.
DEH Heritage Branch staff changes
Pippa Morgan PippajoinedtheHeritageBranchin2004after5yearsworkinginprivatearchitecturalpracticesDanvers
SchulzHollandArchitectsandMullowayStudio.DuringthistimesheregisteredasanArchitect(2002)andgainedvaluableexperienceintheconservationandadaptivere-useofhistoricplaces.Pippa’s‘new’roleofSeniorHeritageArchitectisprimarilyconcernedwiththedevelopmentanddeliveryoftheSAHeritageFundGrantsProgram,theco-ordinationandmonitoringofDEH-ownedheritageplacesandcoordinatingtheOutbackHeritageAdvisoryService.
Andreea Jeleascu AndreeagraduatedfromAdelaideUniversityin2003withaBArch.Herpreviousexperience
inprivatepracticeinQueenslandandSouthAustraliareinforcedherinterestinconservationandtheadaptivere-useofsignificantbuildings.ShejoinedtheHeritageBranchinMarch2006and
hasrecentlybeenappointedtothepositionofConservationOfficer.SheiscurrentlycompletingaGraduateDiplomainUrbanandRegionalPlanningattheUniversityofSA.AndreeahasaparticularinterestinpolicydevelopmentandtheprovisionofconservationandarchitecturaladviceintheOutbackunincorporatedareas.
Luigi VitalePreviouslySeniorConservationArchitectwiththeHeritageBranch,LuigihasacceptedapositionasSeniorHeritageArchitectwiththeProjectServicessectionofBuildingManagement,DepartmentofTransport,EnergyandInfrastructure.
New State Heritage Places
Former Schmidt Farm including Houses, Barn, Oven, Well and Slab Structures, Hahndorf
ThesestructuresconstitutethemostsignificantsurvivingfarmgrouponthemainstreetofHahndorf–themostintactGermansettlementinAustralia.TheydisplayearlyGermanvernaculardesignandconstructiontechniques,includingpioneerstoneworkanduncommonexamplesoftimber-slabconstructionandatunnel-shapedbake-oven.
Dwelling (former Port Adelaide and Le Fevre’s Peninsula Cooperative Society Ltd Store), Exeter
Builtin1884,thisbuildingisarareexampleofanearlycooperativestoreconstructedspecificallyforitspurpose,byoneofanumberofsuchself-helpsocietiesestablishedinAdelaideasameansofsecuringadegreeoffinancialoreducationaladvancementforworkingpeople.
DEHHeritageNews
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�5 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
Heritage Surveys/PARsThefollowingCouncilsareundertakingorplanningHeritageReviews/Surveys,priortoaHeritagePlanAmendmentReport(PAR)beingprepared:
• AdelaideHillsCouncil(Onkaparinga&TorrensValleysonly)
• FlindersRangesCouncil&theDistrictCouncilsofMountRemarkable,Orroroo/Carrieton&Peterborough(JointHeritageReview)
•CityofHoldfastBay(1930sHeritage)
• KangarooIsland(excludingAmericanRiver,Kingscote,Parndana&Penneshaw)
•DistrictCouncilofKingston
•CityofMountGambier
• DistrictCouncilofNaracoorteLucindale(TownshipofNaracoorteonly)
• DistrictCouncilofWattleRange(TownshipofPenolaonly)
•CityofWhyalla
ThefollowingCouncilsrecentlyhavehadHeritagePARsapprovedbytheMinisterforUrbanDevelopment&Planning:
• AlexandrinaCouncil(StrathalbynTownshiponly)
• CityofBurnside(Historic(Conservation)ZonesNo.2)
• CityofCampbelltown(LocalHeritagePlaces)
• CityofNorwoodPayneham&StPeters(2PARs-PaynehamandStPeters,Kensington&Norwood)
•TownofWalkerville(HeritagePlaces&Areas)
ThefollowingCouncilscurrentlyhaveHeritagePARsunderInterimAuthorisation:
•LightRegionalCouncil(Heritage)
• DistrictCouncilofMountBarker(DistrictWideHeritage)
•DistrictCouncilofTatiara(Heritage)
• TownofWalkerville(LocalHeritage–Supplementary)
Park friends win for Pondanna work
TheFriendsoftheGawlerRangesNationalParkhavebeenpresentedwiththeDEHHeritageBranch’sawardfor‘BestHeritageProject’inrecognitionoftheirongoingworkconservingPondannaOutstation.Thisawardispresentedannuallytoa‘FriendsofParks’groupfortheirworkinlookingafterheritagebuildingsinparks.
Wrecked! Exhibition goes on tourThepopularWrecked! Tragedy and the Southern Seasexhibition,presentedbytheHistoryTrustofSouthAustraliaattheSouthAustralianMaritimeMuseumduring2005,isnowtouringnationally.
ArtefactsfromDEH’smaritimecollectionfigurelargelyintheexhibitioncourtesyofasecond‘VisionsofAustralia’DevelopmentGrant.DEHSeniorMaritimeArchaeologistTerryArnottworkedwiththeexhibitioncuratortoprovideobjectsfromtheDEHcollectionwhichincludesaround2000objectswhichhavebeenrecoveredfromwrecksitesoverthelast20years.
Vale Terry Arnott2� July �953 – 27 January 2007
TheHeritageBranchismourningthelossofavaluedandwell-respectedfriendandcolleague,SeniorMaritimeArchaeologistTerryArnott,whodiedunexpectedlyon27January,attheageof53.
Terry’sdeathisasadlossforhisworkmatesintheDepartmentforEnvironmentandHeritageandforstaffandmembersofotheragenciesandorganisations,whohadcometoappreciatehisdiversityofknowledgeandhispassion,generosityandhumour.
Terry’scareerspannedanumberofstatesandmanyjobs.InVictoriahehadbeenarigger,securityguard,smallbusinessowner,museumcuratorandMinisterialadviser,butisbestrememberedasanoutstandingmaritimearchaeologist.Amongsthismanyachievementsinthisfield,heiscreditedwiththediscoveryofapproximately100shipwrecksinVictorianwaters,includingthehighlysignificantCity of LauncestonwreckinPortPhillipBay.TerryalsodraftedtheVictorianHistoricShipwreckslegislationandwasafoundingmemberoftheAustralasianInstituteforMaritimeArchaeology.Hisdivingskills,greatdepthofknowledgeandpassionforAustralia’sshipwreckheritagewererecognisedacrossAustraliaandinternationally.
TerrycametoSouthAustraliatotakeuphispositionintheDepartmentforEnvironmentandHeritageinJuly1995,andinhistimewiththisdepartmentbecamehighlyrespectedandmadefriendsacrosstheState.HetookeveryopportunitytopromoteandprotectSouthAustralia’sshipwreckheritage,whileatthesametimewideninghishorizonswithapassion(orshouldthatbe‘obsession’?)forwhalingheritagesitesand,morerecently,WorldWarTwocoastaldefenceplaces.
TerryalsocontributedtoandinfluencedtheprojectsofmanyotherSouthAustralianGovernmentandpublicagenciesandorganisations.HeestablishedmooringbuoysatkeyshipwrecksandfortheprotectionoftheGiantCuttlefish,wasakeyorganiserandfacilitatorofinter-agencysurveyexpeditionstotheoffshoreislandsintheState’sfarwest,contributedtooutdoorrecreationaltrailsandsomuchmore.
ClearlyTerry’spassingisagreatlosstohisfamily,hischosenfieldandtoscoresoffriendsandcolleaguesacrossAustralia.
FriendsofGawlerRangesNationalParkpresident,LealaHoffman,acceptstheawardfromthenHeritageBranchManager,SueAveray.
DEHHeritageNews
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�6 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
Seeds of Change: An Illustrated History of Adelaide Botanic Garden byRAitken.BoardoftheBotanicGardensandStateHerbariuminassociationwithBloomingsBooks,Adelaide&Melbourne2006.Hardbound,213pp.
AsoneoftheState’soldestculturalinstitutions,theAdelaideBotanicGardendeservesawell-writtenandextensivehistoryandthisvolumemorethanfitsthebill.Itslargeformat,extensiveuseofillustrations,andthecaretakenwiththeirreproduction,haveproducedasumptuous213pagebookwellworthyofthesesquicentenaryitcelebrates.AuthorRichardAitkenisverywellqualifiedforhistaskandthequalityofhiswritingmatchesthebook’sappearance.Hehasakeeneyefortellingdetailandaptquotationsandhasalsotakenconsiderablecarewiththecaptionsfortheillustrations,whichmanyauthorsstillfailtodo.Anexample:‘Brightfloraldisplaysdisguisedtightbudgetconstraintsaspopulistimperativesfurtherdilutedbotanicalobjectives’.(p134)
TheGardenhasaricherhistorythanmanyAdelaideansrealise.WhatisnowtheAdelaideZoowasoriginallysitedwithintheGardenbeforebeingallocatedsomeofBotanicPark.TheRusticTemple(1864)anditssuccessortheMuseumofEconomicBotany(1881)weretwooftheColony’searliestmuseums.TheGarden’sfinecollectionofstatuarybeganwithapairoflionspresentedbyMrAHGougein186130yearsbeforethefirststatuesappearedonAdelaide’sstreets.
Machinationsoverlandarearecurringthemeinthehistory.TheRoyalAdelaideHospital,theLunaticAsylum,
theMunicipalTramwaysTrustandmorerecentlytheNationalWineCentrehaveallimpactedontheGardenovertheyears.Anotherthemeisdistrustofthepublic.ThenoticeintheSouth Australian Government GazetteinOctober1857advisingoftheopeningoftheAdelaideBotanicGardentothepublicmentioned:‘Thestrictestproprietyofbehaviour,languageanddressisexpected,andnothingmustbetouched’.Duringthe1890stherewasamorerelaxedapproachandvisitorswerepermittedtositonthelawnsandperambulatorsandpicnicswereallowed.
LongservingDirectors-therehaveonlybeeneight–areanotherfeatureoftheGarden’shistory,althoughinmorerecentyearswiththedevelopmentofbotanicgardensonothersitestherehasbeenaHeadofGardenspositionbeneaththeDirector.FoundationDirectorGeorgeFrancis(1855-65)hasbeenwellservedbygreat-granddaughterBarbaraBest’sbiography,whilethatoftheremarkableRichardSchomburgk(1865-91)iscurrentlybeingwrittenbyhisgreat-granddaughterPaulinePayne.InlivingmemoryNoelLothian,sonofMelbournepublisherThomasLothian,servedfrom1948until1980,whileBrianMorleyreignedbetween1981-2000.
TheGarden’srichhistoryisrecognisedbyseveralentriesintheSouthAustralianHeritageRegister.TheyincludethePalmHouseConservatory,judgedbyAitkentobe‘oneofthemostsignificantsurvivingprefabricatedglasshousesworldwide’(manyEuropeanonesweredestroyedintheWorldWars);themainentrancegates;theNorthLodge(originallytheHeadGardener’scottage);theMuseumofEconomicBotany;theSimpsonKioskandtheBoyandSerpentfountain.TheGoodmanBuildingandTramBarn‘A’werebothoriginallybuiltfortheMunicipalTramwaysTrustandnowserveastheGarden’sadministrativeheadquartersandthePlantBiodiversityCentrerespectively.YarrabeeHouse,originallytheLunaticAsylumMedicalOfficer’sResidence,wasusedbytheGardenformanyyearsbutisnowtheNationalWineCentreofAustraliaAdministrationBuilding.
Brian Samuels Principal Heritage Officer
Events
�8 – 27 May SA History WeekThiswillbethefourthannualSAHistoryWeek.ThefullrangeofHistoryWeekactivitieswillbepublishedintheProgramBooklet,availablelateApril.Venue:AcrossSAEnquiries:0882039888www.history.sa.gov.au
20 May National Archives Open DayTocelebrateSAHistoryWeek,theNationalArchivesisopeningitsdoorstoshowyoujustwhat’sinstore!CallintoaConservationClinicforprofessionaladviceoncaringfordocumentsandphotos,takeabehind-the-scenestour,learnhowtousethedatabaseanddiscovertheunexpectedintheircollection.Time:11amto4pmVenue:78AngasSt,AdelaideEnquiries:0884098411
22 May Adelaide Architect and Pioneer Modernist - SeminarRussellSElliswasoneofSouthAustralia’sfirstModernistarchitects.LouiseBird,DEHResearchFellowattheArchitectureMuseum,LouisLaybourneSmithSchoolofArchitectureandDesign,UniversityofSouthAustralia,willpresentanillustratedtalkabouttheresidentialworkofEllis.Time:12.30to1.30pmVenue:Room15,Level5,GeorgeKingstonBuilding(enterfromGeorgeSt)CityWestCampus,UniversityofSouthAustralia. Enquiriesandbookings:(08)[email protected]
24 July History Council of SA’s Annual LecturePutthisdateinyourdiary–detailstobeadvised.SeetheHCSAwebsitefordetailswww.historycouncilsa.org.au
3-5 August ‘Country Connections’ State History ConferencePresentedbytheHistoryTrustofSAthisConferencewillfocusonthehistoryofSouthAustralia’scountrytownsandcommunities,especiallyinthe20thcentury,fromlocal,state,nationalandglobalperspectives.Venue:TanundaArtsandCulturalCentre/FaithLutheranCollegecombinedcampusEnquiries:0802039888www.history.sa.gov.au
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