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  • DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION BEDROCK … · Manspeizer, W., ed., Triassic-Jurassic rifting, continental breakup and the origin of the Atlantic Ocean and passive margins,
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SCALE 1:24 000 1000 500 0 METERS 1000 2000 2 1 KILOMETERS 0 0.5 1 1 0.5 0 MILES 1 1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 FEET § ¨ ¦ 95 § ¨ ¦ 95 § ¨ ¦ 95 § ¨ ¦ 46 ¦ § ¨ ¦ 46 ¦ § ¨ ¦ 46 ¦ ¬ « 5 « 5 ¬ « 5 « 5 ¬ « 63 « 63 ¬ « 63 « 63 ¬ « 3 ¬ « 495 ¬ « 3 ¬ « 3 ¬ « 3 § ¨ ¦ 95 § ¨ ¦ 95 § ¨ ¦ 95 § ¨ ¦ 95 § ¨ ¦ 95 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 292 291 288 289 290 294 295 ? ? ? ? Oh sa sa lh lh lh la la ps ps ps sea level 1000 2000 3000 400 sea level FEET FEET 1000 2000 3000 400 Hudson River Bergen County Hudson County Passaic County Bergen County Hackensack River Passaic River New Jersey Turnpike Route 95 New Jersey Turnpike Route 95 Berrys Creek Hudson County Bergen County ? Ordovician through Mesoproterozoic rocks,undivided Jd Jd sah B B’ A’ A A A’ 400 sea level 1000 2000 3000 400 sea level 1000 2000 3000 400 Hudson River Lincoln Tunnel entrance Hackensack River Bergen County Hudson County ps ps la lh lh sa sa Oh Ordovician through Mesoproterozoic rocks,undivided lh lh Jd Jd Jd sah sah sah B’ B FEET FEET sah New Jersey Turnpike Route 95 New Jersey Turnpike Route 95 Fluhr, T.W., 1941, The geology of the Lincoln Tunnel: Rocks and Minerals, v. 16, no. 4-7, p. 115-119, 155-160, 195-198, and 235-239. Gorring, M.L., and Naslund, H.R., 1995, Geochemical reversals within the lower 100 m of the Palisades sill, New Jersey: Contributions Mineral Petrology, v. 119, p. 263-276 Hall, L.M., 1976, Preliminary correlation of rocks in southwestern Connecticut: in Page. L.R., ed., Contributions to the stratigraphy of New England: Geological Society of America Memoir 148, p. 337-349. Hillebrant, A.V., Krystyn, L., Kurschner, W.M., Bonis, N.R., Ruhl, M., Richoz, S., Schobben, M.A.N., Urlichs, M., Brown P.R., Kment, K., McRoberts, C.A., Simms, M., Tomasovych, A., 2013, The Global Stratotype Sections and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Jurassic System at Kuhjoch (Karwendekl Mountains, Northern Calcareous Alps, Tyrol, Austria), Episodes, v. 36, no. 3, p. 162-198. Husch, J.M., 1990, Palisades sill: origin of the olivine zone by separate magmatic injection rather than gravity settling: Geology, v. 18, p. 699-702. Kummel, H.B., 1898, The Newark system or red sandstone belt: New Jersey Geological Survey, Annual Report of the State Geologist for the year 1897, p. 23-164. Lewis, J.V., 1908, Petrography of the Newark igneous rocks of New Jersey: New Jersey Geological Survey, Annual Report of the State Geologist for the year 1907, p. 97-167. Lewis, J.V., and Kummel, H.B., 1915, The geology of New Jersey: Geological Survey of New Jersey, Bulletin 14, 146 p. Lucas, M., Hull, J., and Manspeizer, W., 1988, A foreland-type fold and related structures in the Newark Rift Basin, in Manspeizer, W., ed., Triassic-Jurassic rifting, continental breakup and the origin of the Atlantic Ocean and passive margins, part A, Elsevier Science Publishers, New York, p. 307-332. Malinconico, M.L., 2010, Synrift to early postrift basin-scale groundwater history of the Newark basin based on surface and borehole virtinite reflectance data, in Herman, G.C., and Serfes, M.E., eds., Contributions to the Geology and Hydrogeology of the Newark Basin: New Jersey Geological Survey Bulletin 77, p. C1-C38. Marzoli, A., Renne, P.R., Piccirillo, E.M., Ernesto, M., Bellieni, G., and De Min, A., 1999, Extensive 200-million-year-old continental flood basalts of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province: Science, v. 284, p. 616-618. Marzoli, A., Jourdan, F., Puffer, J.H., Cuppone, T., Tanner, L.H., Weems, R.E., Bertrand, H., Cirilli, S., Bellieni, G., and De Min, A., 2011, Timing and duration of the Central Atlantic magmatic province in the Newark and Culpepper basins, eastern U.S.A.: Lithos, v. 122, p. 175-188. Merguerian, C., and Moss, C.J., 2006, Structural implication of Walloomsac and Hartland rocks displayed by borings in southern Manhattan, in Hanson, G.N., ed., Thirteenth Annual Conference on Geology of Long Island and Metropolitan New York, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Long Island Geologists Program with Abstracts, 12 p. Merrill, F.J.H., Darton, N.H., Hollick, Arthur, Salisbury, R.D., Dodge, R.E., Willis, Bailey, and Pressey, H.A., 1902, New York City folio, Paterson, Harlem, Staten Island and Brooklyn quadrangles, New York-New Jersey, U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Atlas of the United States Folio GF-83, scale 1:62,500 Monteverde, D.H., 2011, Bedrock Geologic Map of the Yonkers and Nyack quadrangles, Bergen County, New Jersey: New Jersey Geological Survey Geological Map Series GMS 11-1, scale 1:24,000. Nuttall, T., 1822, Observation on the serpentine rocks in Hoboken, New Jersey and on the minerals they contain: American Journal of Science and Arts, New Haven, CT, v. 4, p. 16-23. Olsen, P.E., 1980a, The latest Triassic and Early Jurassic formations of the Newark basin (eastern North America, Newark Supergroup): Stratigraphy, structure, and correlation: New Jersey Academy of Science Bulletin, v. 25, p. 25-51. Olsen, P.E., 1980b, Triassic and Jurassic formations of the Newark basin, in Manspeizer, Warren, ed., Field studies of New Jersey geology and guide to field trips: 52nd Annual Meeting of the New York State Geological Association, p. 2-41. Olsen, P.E., 1980c, Fossil great lakes of the Newark Supergroup in New Jersey: in Manspeizer, Warren, ed., Field studies of New Jersey Geology and guide to field trips: 52nd Annual Meeting of the New York State Geological Association, p. 352-398. Olsen, P.E. and Rainforth, E.C., 2001, The "Age of Dinosaurs" in the Newark basin, with special reference to the lower Hudson Valley: in Gates, A.E. and Olsen, P.E., eds., Geology of the Lower Hudson Valley, New York State Geological Association Field Trip Guide Book, New York State Museum, Albany, NY, p. 59-176. Olsen, P.E., Kent, D.V., and Whiteside, J.H., 2004, The Newark Basin, the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province and the Triassic-Jurassic boundary, A field trip, run on May 23, 2004, in conjunction with the 8th Annual DOSECC Workshop on Continental Scientific Drilling, May 22-25, 2004, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, 45 p. Olsen, P. E., Schlische, R. W., Gore, P. J. W., and others, 1989, Field guide to the tectonics, stratigraphy, sedimentology, and paleontology of the Newark Supergroup, eastern North America: International Geological Congress Guidebooks for Field Trips T351, 174 p. Olsen, P.E., Kent, D.V., Cornet, B., Witte, W.K., and Schlische, R.W., 1996, High-resolution stratigraphy of the Newark rift basin (early Mesozoic, eastern North America): Geological Society of America, Bulletin, v. 108, p. 40-77. Olsen, P.E., Kinney, S.T., Zakharova, N.V., Schlische, R.W., Withjack, M.O., Kent, D.V., Goldberg, D.S., Slater, B.E., 2016, New insights of rift basin development and the geological carbon cycle, mass extinction, and carbon from outcrops and new core, drill holes, and seismic lines from the northern Newark Basin (New York and New Jersey): in Gates, A.E., ed., 88th Annual, New York State Geological Field Conference, Guidebook, Geologic Diversity in the New York Metropolitan Area, p. 190-274. Parker, R.A., 1993, Stratigraphic relations of the sedimentary rocks below the Lower Jurassic Orange Mountain Basalt, northern Newark Basin, New Jersey and New York: U.S. Geological Survey, Miscellaneous Field Studies, MF-2208, scale 1:100,000. Parker, R.A., Houghton, H.F., and McDowell, R.C., 1988, Stratigraphic framework and distribution of Early Mesozoic rocks of the northern Newark Basin, New Jersey and New York: in Froelich, A.J., and Robinson, G.R., Jr., eds., Studies of the Early Mesozoic Basins in the eastern United States, U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1776, p. 31-39. Parillo, D.G., Bedrock map of the Hackensack Meadowlands: NJ Geological Survey Geologic Report Series GRS-1, 25 p., revised by H.F. Kasabach, 1962. Pazzaglia, F.J., 1993, Stratigraphy, petrography, and correlation of late Cenozoic middle Atlantic Coastal Plain deposits: implications for late-stage passive-margin geologic evolution: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 105, p. 1617-1634. Philpotts, A.R., and Dickson, L.D., 2002, Millimeter-scale modal layering and the nature of the upper solidification zone in thick flood-basalt flows and other sheets of magma: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 24, p. 1171-1177. Poag, C.W., and Sevon, W.D., 1989, A record of Appalachian denudation in postrift Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary deposits of the U.S. middle Atlantic continental margin: Geomorphology, v. 2, p. 119-157. Puffer, J.H., and Benimoff, A.I., 1997, Fractionation, hydrothermal alteration, and wall-rock contamination of Early Jurassic diabase intrusion: Laurel Hill, New Jersey, Journal of Geology, v. 105, p. 99-110. Puffer, J.H., Block, K.A. and Steiner, J.C., 2009, Transmission of flood basalts through a shallow crustal sill and the correlation of sill layers with extrusive flows: the Palisades Intrusive System and the Basalts of the Newark Basin, New Jersey, USA, Journal of Geology, v. 117, p. 135-155. Rogers, H.D., 1840, Description of the geology of the state of New Jersey, being a final report, C. Sherman & Co. printers, Philadelphia, PA, 301 p. Salisbury, R.D., 1902, The glacial geology of New Jersey: NJ Geological Survey Final Report of the State Geologist, v. 5, 802 p. Sanborn, J., 1950, Engineering geology in the design and construction of tunnels: Application of Geology to Engineering Practice (Berkey Volume), Geological Society of America, p. 45-81. Schlische, R.W., 1992, Structural and stratigraphic development of the Newark extensional basin, eastern North America: Evidence for the growth of the basin and its bounding structures: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 104, p. 1246-1263. Schlische, R.W., 1993, Anatomy and evolution of the Triassic-Jurassic continental rift system, eastern North America: Tectonics, v. 12, p. 1026-1042. Shirley, D.N., 1987, Differentiation and compaction in the Palisades Sill, New Jersey, Journal of Petrology, v. 28, p. 835-865. Stanford, S.D., 1993, Surficial geology of the Weehawken and Central Park quadrangles, Bergen, Hudson and Passaic Counties, New Jersey: NJ Geological Survey, Open File Map OFM-13, scale 1:24000. Stanford, S.D., 2010, Onshore record of Hudson River drainage to the continental shelf from the late Miocene through the late Wisconsinan deglaciation, USA: Synthesis and revision: Boreas, v. 39, p. 1–17. Stanford, S.D., and Harper, D.P., 1991, Glacial lakes of the lower Passaic, Hackensack and lower Hudson valleys, New Jersey and New York: Northeastern Geology, v. 13, p. 271-286. Steiner, J.C., Walker, R.J., Warner, R.D., and Olson, T.R., 1992, A cumulus-transport-deposition model for the differentiation of the Palisades sill, Geological Society of America Special Paper 268, p. 193-217. Van Houten, F.B., 1969, Late Triassic Newark Group, north central New Jersey and adjacent Pennsylvania and New York: in Subitzky, S., ed., Geology of selected areas in New Jersey and eastern Pennsylvania and guidebook of excursions; Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, New Jersey, p. 314-347. Volkert, R.A., 2016, Bedrock geologic map of Jersey City quadrangle, Hudson and Essex Counties, New Jersey: New Jersey Geological and Water Survey Open File Map OFM 110, scale 1:24,000. Walker, K.R., 1969, Palisades sill, New Jersey: A re-investigation: Geological Society of America, Special Paper 111, 178 p. Withjack, M.O., Schlische, R.W., Malinconico, M.L., and Olsen, P.E., 2013, Rift-basin development: Lessions from the Triassic-Jurassic Newark basin of eastern North America: in Mohriak, W.U., Danforth, A., Post, P.J., Brown, D.E., Tari, G.C., Nemcok, M., and Sinha, S.T., eds., Conjugate Divergent Margins, Geological Society, London, Special Publications, v. 369, p. 301-321. 1977 E ▄ ▄ ▄ ▄ ▄ ▄ ▄ ▄ ▄ ▄ ▄ ▄ ▄ n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n Teterboro Airport ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ 1 9 ¤ 1 9 ¤ 46 ¤ 46 ¤ 1 9 « 21 « 3 « 495 « 93 « 21 « 9 « 17 « 7 63 M I D T O W N -H O B OK E N 14 T H S T W O R L D F I NA N C I A L C T R - P O R T I M P E R IA L M IDT OW N- BELF OR D M IDTO WN-E DG EWATER M I D T O WN - P O R T I M P E R I A L M I D T O W N - P AU L U S H O OK MI DT OWN - NEW PORT VE T E R E DIS L RD CENTRAL BLVD 1 ST Y CO RD ERCIAL A V E EL D A V E ST O E V ETE T I W I LS C R EEK R D D K VALLE YB FIE CO AVE G M A H AM P KY E R D SINVALCO RD COM MERCE B LVD D R I SC E PA TERSO E E C AV E M E R D ST O N A VE M - 1 7 W 30TH ST B ELL E VILLE T PKE W 29TH ST B E R G E N C O B E R G E N C O H U D S O N C O B E R G E N C O B ERGEN CO H U D S O N C O HUD SON C O B E R G E N C O HU D S ON CO P ASS AI CC O N W YORK CO HUDSON CO NEW JERSE Y N EW YO RK Cem HACKENSACK JERSEY CITY PASSAIC HOBOKEN RUTHERFORD NORTH ARLINGTON PALISADES PARK HASBROUCK HEIGHTS SECAUCUS WALLINGTON RIDGEFIELD PARK LITTLE FERRY LODI LEONIA CARLSTADT EAST RUTHERFORD BOGOTA RIDGEFIELD Moonachie Babbitt Carlton Hill Teterboro New York Undercliff Junction Teaneck Chelsea Morsemere Kingsland North Bergen Weehawken Hudson Heights New Durham Lincoln Tunnel Laurel Hill Kings Bluff Days Point 5 74° E 45 00' 45 5 5 07' 30" 5 76 30" 75 79 5 5 40° 5 21 250 19 20 2' 000 5 FEET (NJ) 30" 45 000 30" 83 2' 82 77 5 5 25 45 5' 5 83 74° 980 FEET (NJ) 45 700 30" 81 76 5 FEET (NY) 30" 40° 5' 000 45 630 13 47' 80 FEET (NY) 45 79 000 45' N 07' 14 24 45 45 78 17 77 80 74° 950 78 5 000 E 5 000 82 45 22 45 000m 18 75 45 600 50' 23 74° 12 15 52' 45 00' 17 84 5 5 5 This map was produced to conform with the National Geospatial Program US Topo Product Standard, 2011. A metadata file associated with this product is draft version 0.6.16 CONTOUR INTERVAL 10 FEET NORTH AMERICAN VERTICAL DATUM OF 1988 Imagery..................................................NAIP, July 2010 Roads....................................................... HERE, ©2013 Names.......................................................... GNIS, 2013 Hydrography....................National Hydrography Dataset, 2010 Contours............................National Elevation Dataset, 2013 Boundaries............Multiple sources; see metadata file 1972 - 2013 North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83) World Geodetic System of 1984 (WGS84). Projection and 1 000-meter grid: Universal Transverse Mercator, Zone 18T Produced by the United States Geological Survey 10 000-foot ticks: New Jersey Coordinate System of 1983, New This map is not a legal document. Boundaries may be generalized for this map scale. Private lands within government reservations may not be shown. Obtain permission before entering private lands. U.S. National Grid 100,000-m Square ID Grid Zone Designation WL 18T Ø MN GN UTM GRID AND 2014 MAGNETIC NORTH DECLINATION AT CENTER OF SHEET 0° 37´ 11 MILS 13° 2´ 232 MILS Fort Washington Point George Washington Bridge 250 50 200 50 100 50 150 200 50 100 100 100 200 50 50 50 100 50 200 250 100 50 100 100 50 50 250 50 100 0 5 1 200 50 100 50 100 50 50 50 50 50 200 200 100 50 50 50 100 200 100 100 50 50 100 50 50 50 50 50 100 150 100 150 150 50 150 150 50 50 150 Indian Lake Hackensack Reservoir Number One Garretts Wallington Reach Rutherford Reach Weehawken Cove C r o m a k i l l C r B e rr ys C reek H a c k e n s a c k R i v er M o o n a c h i e C r e e k S a d d l e R i v e r P a s s a i c Ri v e r B e r r y s C r e e k Los e n Sl ofe Ris er Ditch Hud so n Ri v e r H ac k e n s a c k R i v e r P e n h o r n C r e e k H a c k e ns a c k R i v e r Berrys Creek C anal T e a n e c k C r e e k Be ll mans Creek C r o m a k i l l C r e e k F i s h C r e e k W C f l o re ek Ber ry s Cr eek Ki ngs l a n d C r e e k O r e e k Willow Lake O v er peck Cr H u d s o n Ri ve r Hudson River Weehawken Edgewater Channel Reach 68 6 9 22 58 23 16 15 17 19 20 91 96 47 46 45 48 12 36 56 72 89 95 55 73 90 57 93 92 49 33 21 31 38 32 34 39 253 265 160 245 236 235 225 227 101 231 223 224 230 102 104 103 222 237 205 203 207 199 200 198 122 195 238 243 108 105 107 109 193 241 110 131 130 132 173 115 174 255 263 150 171 251 252 155 153 163 161 159 158 157 156 162 165 164 7 29 8 5 10 71 28 69 70 97 99 98 53 50 52 51 77 79 84 86 88 42 41 35 40 43 37 36 30 35 26 25 11 14 13 209 152 219 244 197 208 196 188 189 264 180 184 185 186 187 256 100 113 249 204 220 221 250 246 240 239 232 293 Oh Os Os Jd Jd Jd Jd Jd Jd Jd Jd Jd Jd Jd Jd la la la la la ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps Jd Jd Jd l lh lh sa sa sa sa sa sa lh lh lh lh lh Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY NATIONAL GEOLOGIC MAPPING PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL AND WATER SURVEY BEDROCK GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE NEW JERSEY PORTIONS OF THE WEEHAWKEN AND CENTRAL PARK QUADRANGLES BERGEN, HUDSON AND PASSAIC COUNTIES, NEW JERSEY GEOLOGIC MAP SERIES GMS 18-1 LOCATION IN NEW JERSEY Bedrock Geologic Map of the New Jersey Portions of the Weehawken and Central Park Quadrangles, Bergen, Hudson and Passaic Counties, New Jersey by Donald H. Monteverde and Francesca A. Rea 1 2018 Bedrock geology mapped by D.H. Monteverde and Francesca Rea in 2015-2016 Digital cartography by D.H. Monteverde Research supported by US Geological Survey, National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program, under USGS award number G15ACOO222. The views and conclusions in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the US Government 1 EWMA, Parsippany, New Jersey UD U D U D U NEWARK BASIN MANHATTAN PRONG Unconformity Jurassic Triassic Ordovician Cambrian Intrusive contact CORRELATION OF MAP UNITS Jd psh ps l lh la lah sa sah Oh Os D lah l ? ? ? U D ? EXPLANATION OF MAP SYMBOLS Contact - Dashed where approximately located; queried where uncertain; dotted where concealed Fault - U, upthrown side; D, downthrown side. Ball and post indicates direction of dip Dashed where approximately located; queried where uncertain; dotted where concealed Arrows show relative motion Motion is unknown Planar features Strike and dip of inclined beds Strike and dip of flow foliation in igneous rocks Other features Copper mineralization recorded in outcrop Abandoned rock quarry Location of figures with number corresponding to figure number Field station in diabase Cemetery Well numbers 0-265 are described in Stanford (1993); numbers 266-292 are from core descriptions of drilling from the Trans-Hudson Express Project. Drill numbers beginning in A are from the NJ DOT soil boring database. Trap recorded in well. Red rock recorded in well without grain size information. Sandstone recorded in well. Shale recorded in well. Serpentinite recorded in well. Schist recorded in well. 11 9 173 40 42 188 185 189 Figure 1. (Location on map) Recent excavation exposing the lower contact of the Palisades sill with arkosic Stockton Formation (40.79352, -73.99805). Stringers of arkosic sandstone xenoliths are visible above and parallel to the main contact. A thin sill is evident just below the main igneous contact. The igneous contact and Stockton beds descend to the north. Just outside the right side of photograph the diabase is at ground level. The exposure to the far south (left side) of the photograph is a artificial outcrop-like structure created on grout to prevent the bedrock from weathering and falling into the parking lot. Grout has also been sprayed along the diabase-Stockton contact on the right side of the photograph. Figure 2. (Location shown on map) Outcrop remaining from the Granton quarry (40.8074096, -74.0184073), famous for its fossil fish and reptiles (Olsen,1980c). Lockatong hornfels are evident to the east (right side of photograph). Diabase caps the exposure half way across the hill and thickens to the west (left side of the photograph). INTRODUCTION The New Jersey portions of the Weehawken and Central Park, NY-NJ 7 1/2-minute quadrangles are dominated by the Palisades ridge in the east and the Hackensack Meadowlands in the west. The broad north-south trending Palisades ridge, aligned parallel to the Hudson River, is the dominant topographic feature. It has steep to locally sheer cliffs on the east that extend to a narrow lowland region along the banks of the Hudson River. This lowland area is increasingly under the pressure of development due to its proximity to and vistas of New York City directly across the Hudson River. Westward across the Palisades’ broad crest the ridge slopes gently into the Hackensack Meadowlands, a low lying area blanketed by Pleistocene to Recent surficial sediments deposited in glacial and fluvial environments (Salisbury, 1902; Parillo, 1959; Stanford and Harper, 1991, Stanford, 1993, 2010). Increased development in the Hackensack Meadowlands to the west of the Palisades continues to reduce the remaining unpreserved open space. STRATIGRAPHY The bedrock in the quadrangles is of Mesozoic age and consists of sedimentary and plutonic formations of the Newark Basin, a rift basin formed during the breakup of the supercontinent Pangaea. The Newark basin is a half-graben bounded on the northwest by a series of northeast-striking, southeast-dipping border faults. Sequential fault movement from Late Triassic to Early Jurassic time on backstepping normal faults along the northwestern margin controlled basin morphology, and thereby sediment-depositional patterns within the basin (Schlische, 1992, Olsen and others, 1996). Episodic, periodic motion on the faults encreased sediment input into the basin from northern and western Highlands sources as well as from the southern Piedmont rocks currently covered by younger Coastal Plain units. A strong basin-parallel sedimentation trend exhibiting a northern provenance filled the mapped region of the Newark Basin. Other Highland-sourced fluvial sediments entered the basin by way of rider blocks between backstepping boundary faults west of the main border faults. Schlische (1992, 1993) suggested that movement along several major intrabasinal faults in the central part of the basin controlled depositional centers, as evidenced by regional sediment thickness patterns. Recent reconstructions of the Newark basin suggest the majority of intrabasinal faulting postdated deposition of the basin sediments (Withjack and others, 2013). Deformation and synchronous sedimentation continued into the Early Jurassic (Malinconico, 2010) when extensional faulting ceased. Most tectonic deformation is of Late Triassic to Middle Jurassic age (Lucas and others, 1988; de Boer and Clifford, 1988). Compressional stresses began with the opening of the Atlantic Ocean. Several generations of mafic magma intruded the basin sediments, and some reached the paleosurface regionally to form thick basalt volcanics west of the mapped area. Magmatic activity took place during the latest Triassic and Early Jurassic. Newark Basin rocks have continued to erode from the Jurassic to the present and have supplied sediment to the Atlantic coastal region (Poag and Sevon, 1989; Pazzaglia, 1993). Three sedimentary formations of Triassic age are identified in the map area. From youngest to oldest they are the Passaic, Lockatong and Stockton formations. Parker and others (1988) and Parker (1993) subdivided the Passaic Formation in the northern Newark Basin into several coarsening-upwards facies and along strike from southwest to north-northwest. A near-source conglomerate-to-sandstone sequence at the northern edge of the basin and to a lesser extent along its western margin grade southward into the more distal, finer, mudstone-dominated beds within the mapped area. Sandstone beds dominate outcrops along the ridges immediately west of the Hackensack Meadowlands. Drillers‘ logs, though only supplying limited data to subdivide the Passaic, also suggest sandstone west of the Meadowlands. Shale was more commonly recorded under the Meadowlands in the drillers’ logs. Siltstone and mudstone dominated over fine sandstone in limited outcrops across Secaucus, in Hudson County, NJ. Decreasing abundance of sandstone allowed the separation of the Passaic in the map area into a western sandstone facies and eastern siltstone facies. Passaic Formation sediments are predominantly reddish-brown and to a lesser extent gray and black. These sediments were deposited in lacustrine and marginal lacustrine environments. Gray and black beds represent the deepest lake environments (Olsen and others, 1996). The Lockatong Formation along the Palisades includes two main facies: an upper, coarser-grained, light-colored arkosic to feldspathic sandstone, and a lower, black siltstone and mudstone interbedded with arkosic to feldspathic sandstone (Parker, 1993; Drake and others, 1996, Monteverde, 2011, Volkert, 2016). Parker and others (1988) placed the upper arkosic facies in the Stockton Formation and classified only the siltstone/argillite sediments as Lockatong. They suggested that the Lockatong thinned to the northeast and was replaced by the Stockton. Olsen (1980a, 1980b, 1980c) and Olsen and others (1989) mapped the Lockatong as a single lithologic unit and described cycles containing a thinly bedded siltstone grading upward to a laminated fine siltstone that can be calcareous and into a thickly bedded siltstone to sandstone. This cyclicity marks the initial transgressive lake filling stage followed by maximum flooding and lastly, into a regressive phase marked by the coarser grained deposition. These cycles and similar sedimentary transitions within the Passaic Formation have been correlated throughout the Newark Basin (Olsen, 1980b, 1980c, Olsen and others, 1996). The cycles are separated by beds of dark gray argillite. The arkosic facies of the Lockatong as mapped here lacks exposed siltstone interbeds. The Lockatong lenses into either the Passaic or Stockton within the northern Newark Basin (Olsen, 1980b, 1980c). Differentiation in the map area between the Lockatong and Stockton formations above and below the Palisades sill is based on the work of Olsen and Rainforth (2001) and Olsen and others (2004). Sedimentary structures aid in distinguishing the lacustrine Lockatong from the fluvial rocks of the Stockton. Olsen and Rainforth (2001) strongly suggest that beds mapped here as the Stockton are time-equivalent to the upper Lockatong. The Stockton Formation is an arkosic sandstone and coglomerate which unconformably overlies metamorphic rock of probable Paleozoic age. It becomes finer grained upwards towards a gradation contact with the Lockatong. Olsen and others (2004) suggests the eastern edge of the Stockton ends in midchannel of the Hudson River. Serpentinite has long been known to occur in Hoboken (Nuttall, 1822, Rogers, 1840). Regionally it is commonly found with the schist and associated gneiss that forms the basement for the Stockton sediments. Originally thought to be a continuation of the Manhattan (Hudson) Schist (Lewis and Kummel, 1915; Drake and others, 1996), the schist associated with the serpentinite now is better correlated, based on mineralogy, with the Hartland Formation (Brock and Brock, 2001, Merguerian and Moss, 2006). Both the schist and serpentinite were identified in boreholes in the Hudson River for construction projects. Volkert (2016) in his mapping of the serpentinite along the Hoboken waterfront suggests a correlation with similar serpentinite bodies in Staten Island, NY, New England and southern Quebec, CA and concluding an Upper Cambrian to Lower Ordovician age. The serpentinite and the Hartland Formation form the basement for the nonconformably overlying Stockton. PALISADES SILL The Palisades is a high-titanium quartz-normative tholeiite (Husch, 1990, Gorring and Naslund, 1995, Dickson, 2006) that varies in composition between diabase and gabbro (Olsen and others, 2004). Olivine is a dominant mineral in a layer approximately 45 ft (14 m) above the base of the sill (Lewis, 1908, Husch, 1990, Gorring and Naslund, 1995). Studies propose that the Palisades was intruded in multiple pulses. Two (Walker, 1969), three (Block and others, 2004; Block, 2006) to potentially four individual magmatic pulses (Shirley, 1987, Steiner and others, 1992) have been proposed. Block and others (2004) and Block (2006) propose that the different magmatic pulses can be correlated to the basalt formations cropping out farther to the west in central New Jersey. Puffer and others (2009) suggested the sill inflated three times with separate magmas with the oldest chemically linked to the Orange Mountain Basalt. The younger two magmas are linked to the three volcanic pulses of the Preakness Basalt. Mineral banding in the upper part of the sill has been attributed to crystalline magma compaction (Steiner and others, 1992, Block and others, 2004, Block, 2006) and to settling of crystals formed during cooling near the sill’s roof (Philpotts and Dickson, 2002; Dickson, 2006). The Palisades is part of the extensive Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP) represented by igneous rocks in South America, Africa and Europe as well as North America (Marzoli and others, 1999). Dunning and Hodych (1990) used zircon and baddeleyite to calculate a mean U/Pb age of nine samples of 200.9+/-1.0 million years (Ma). More recently Marzoli and others (2011) suggested that diabase intrusion of the sill continued for a longer time than the extrusion of the basalts of the Newark Basin. 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dates from the sill yield a range from 202.8+/-1.8 Ma to 195.1+/-2.1 Ma. Blackburn and others (2013) recorded a high precision date for the sill at 201.520+/-0.034 Ma. They suggest that CAMP had a duration of 600,000 years. The sill is labeled as both Triassic and Jurassic in age on the map as its proposed intrusion history spans the identified boundary between the two periods (Hillebrandt and others, 2013). These igneous rocks mark the initial stages of the breakup of the supercontinent of Pangaea. Natural exposures of the basal contact between the diabase and underlying sedimentary units are limited, however recent construction has created several large outcrops that expose the contact with either the Lockatong or Stockton sediments (figure 1). The erosion-resistant rock of the Palisades sill has controlled landscape development and created a dominant north-south trending ridge immediately west of the Hudson River. Several isolated exposures of the diabase exist west of the main igneous body. The best known is in the former Granton quarry in North Bergen, Hudson County, NJ which was active for several decades until the 1960s. The quarry exposed hornfels of the Lockatong Formation as well as diabase. The hornfels has yielded numerous scientifically-significant paleontological discoveries, predominantly fish and reptiles (Van Houten 1969, Olsen and others, 1989, Olsen and Rainforth, 2001). The majority of the quarry is now developed but one large exposure (figure 2) and several smaller ones still remain and continue to be visited during geological field trips (Olsen and others, 2016). In addition to the Granton quarry, two large igneous outliers exist in the south of the mapped area. The largest is Laurel Hill (Puffer and Benimoff, 1997) which has been cut by the NJ Turnpike. Several other possible small isolated intrusive bodies have been recorded by drilling projects (Stanford, 1993). STRUCTURE Several small faults cut across the diabase-hornfels contact. Kummel (1898) describes two normal faults trending northerly and northwesterly near Hoboken. He depicted shales down-dropped on the eastern hanging wall of the western fault. Fluhr (1941) and Sanborn (1950) also mention this fault. Fluhr (1941) offers a good description of the structure encountered during construction of the Lincoln Tunnel. His interpretation was used in construction of the map in that area. NJGWS permanent notes describe a borehole drilled in 1935 that bisected this fault. Darton and others (1908) and Kummel (1898) describe surface exposures and borehole data that encountered only baked shale to a depth of 125 ft (32 m). Due to urbanization no evidence of this shale was found. Immediately to the east at Kings Bluff, Olsen (1980c) describes a small fault originally mapped by Fluhr (1941) separating Lockatong hornfels from Stockton arkosic sandstones. Olsen (1980c) traced this northwest dipping normal fault farther northward to where it cuts into the Lockatong-diabase contact. Still farther north at the southern boundary between Cliffside Park and Edgewater, Bergen County near the New York-Susquehanna and Western Railroad Tunnel, this mapping confirms several small normal faults cutting the lower diabase contact as noted by Kummel (1898) and Parker (1993). Lewis (1908) described crushed rock along 4 ft (1.2 m) wide shear zones that extend almost 2 miles (3 km) across the northern boundary of the mapped area in the city of Englewood, Bergen County, NJ. Merrill and others (1902) mapped a east dipping normal fault across this zone. Parker (1993) continued this fault with normal displacement of hornfels on the east or hanging wall side of the fault. Monteverde (2011) failed to identify structural evidence of this fault and suggested an igneous contact instead for the apparent offset. Review of historical evidence as well as investigations of the diabase structures farther to the south appears to substantiate the work of Parker (1993) in the existence of the normal fault offset. REFERENCES Blackburn, T.J., Olsen, P.E., Bowring, S.A., McLean, N.M., Kent, D.V., Puffer, J., McHone, G., Rasbury, E.T., Et-Touhami, M., 2013, Zircon U-Pb geochronology links the end-Triassic extinction with the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province. Science, v. 340 (6135), p. 941-945. Block, K.A., 2006, A refined multiple injections model for the Palisades Sill, New York and New Jersey, PhD Dissertation, City University of New York, NY, 186 p. Block, K.A., Steiner, J.C., and Rice, A., 2004, Toward a comprehensive model for the Palisades: tracing new internal contacts: in Puffer, J.H., and Volkert, R.A., eds., Neoproterozoic, Paleozoic, and Mesozoic intrusive rocks of northern New Jersey and southeastern, New York, Twenty-First Annual Meeting Geological Association of New Jersey, Mahwah, NJ, p. 93-99. Brock, P.C., and Brock, P.W.G., 2001, Bedrock geology of New York City: More than 600 m.y. of geologic history: in Eighth Annual Conference on Geology of Long Island and Metropolitan New York, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Long Island Geologists Program with Abstracts, unpaginated. Darton, N.H., Bayley, W.S., Salisbury, R.D., Kummel, H.B, 1908, Passaic folio, New Jersey-New York, U.S. Geological Survey, Geologic Atlas no. 157, 27 p. de Boer, J.Z., and Clifford, A.E., 1988, Mesozoic tectogenesis: Development and deformation of “Newark” rift zones in the Appalachains (with special emphasis on the Hartford basin, Connecticut, in Manspeizer, W., ed., Triassic-Jurassic rifting: New York, NY, Elsevier, p. 275-306 Dickson, L.D., 2006, Detailed textural analysis of the Palisades sill, New Jersey, PhD Dissertation, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 183 p. Drake, A.A., Jr., Volkert, R.A., Monteverde, D.H., Herman, G.C., Houghton, H.F., Parker, R.A., and Dalton, R.F., 1996, Bedrock geologic map of northern New Jersey, U.S.G.S. Miscellaneous Investigations Map I-2540-A, scale 1:100,000. Dunning, G.R., and Hodych, J.P., 1990, U/Pb zircon and baddeleyite ages for the Palisades and Gettysburg sills of the northeastern United States: Implications for the age of the Triassic/Jurassic boundary: Geology, v. 18, p. 795-798. A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 X2 X2 X1 234 132 133 Jd Jd 74 l lh lh Cu Cu Cu Jersey City Brooklyn Weehawken Hackensack Elizabeth Orange Paterson Flushing Central Park Jamaica Mount Vernon Yonkers ADJOINING 7.5’ QUADRANGLES Weehawken Central Park Fig. 2 Fig. 1 Figure locations on mapped area Stockton Formation xenoliths Grout Stockton arkose Stockton-diabase contact or small sill pg pg psh pg Cu Diabase Diabase Diabase Lockatong hornfels Lockatong hornfels # ! " # ! " # ! " # ! " # ! " # ! " # ! " # ! " # ! " # ! " # ! " # ! " # ! " # ! " # ! " # ! " # ! " § ¨ ¦ 80 ¬ « 17 ¬ « 17 ¬ « 17 ¬ « 17 # ! " lh lh 1 8 3 5 N E W J E R S E Y G E O L O G I C A L A N D W A T E R S U R V E Y ps psh DESCRIPTION OF MAP UNITS Diabase (Lower Jurassic to Upper Triassic) - Fine-grained to aphanitic dikes (?) and sills and a medium-grained, discordant, sheet-like intrusion of dark-gray to dark greenish-gray, sub-ophitic diabase; massive-textured, hard, and sparsely fractured. Composed dominantly of plagioclase, clinopyroxene, and opaque minerals. At the Palisades sill, an olivine zone occurs approximately 45 ft (14 m) above the base. Finely-laminated horizons occur in the upper third. Contacts are typically fine-grained, and display chilled, sharp margins adjacent to their contact with sedimentary rocks. Internal chilled horizons have been observed by Steiner and others (1992), Block and others (2004) and Block (2006). Thickness of the Palisades sill diabase in the quadrangles, is approximately 1,300 ft (396 m). Passaic Formation - (Upper Triassic) (Olsen, 1980a) - Interbedded sequence of reddish-brown to maroon and purple, fine- to coarse-grained arkosic sandstone and less common, siltstone, shaly siltstone, silty mudstone and mudstone, and less common olive-gray, dark-gray, or black very fine sandstone, siltstone, silty mudstone, shale and lesser silty argillite. Regionally the unit coarsens towards the north and northwest and fines towards the southwest. Reddish-brown arkosic sandstone and siltstone are thin- to medium-bedded, planar to cross-bedded, micaceous, and locally mudcracked and ripple cross-laminated. Root casts and load casts are common. Reddish-brown siltstone is medium- to fine-grained, thin- to medium-bedded, planar to cross-bedded, micaceous, locally containing mud cracks, ripple cross-lamination, root casts and load casts. Shaly siltstone, silty mudstone, and mudstone are fine-grained, very thin to thin-bedded, planar to ripple cross-laminated, locally fissile, bioturbated, and contain evaporite minerals. Gray and black sandstone to mudstone form marker beds within the dominantly reddish-brown sediments (pg). Copper mineralization may be present in the gray and black beds. Unit forms rhythmically fining upward sequences up to 15 feet thick. Thermally altered to dark gray to purple (psh). Unit is approximately 11,000 ft (3,353 m) thick in the map area. Lockatong Formation (Upper Triassic) (Kummel, 1898) - Cyclically deposited sequences of mainly gray to greenish-gray, siltstone and white to buff arkosic sandstone and local pebble conglomerate. Siltstone is medium- to fine-grained thin-bedded, laminated, platy to massive. Arkose (T Rla) has affinities with the Stockton Formation and is massive to cross-bedded with symmetrical crossbedding indicating bi-directional flow. Thermally altered to dark gray to black hornfels (T Rlh), can contain plagioclase, orthoclase and recrystallized diopside in arkose and calc-silicate minerals such as grossularite, diopside and prehnite in siltstone beds and biotite and albite in finer grained beds (Olsen 1980c, Van Houten, 1969). Lower contact is gradational into the Stockton Formation and placed at base of lowest continuous black siltstone bed (Olsen, 1980c). Maximum thickness of unit regionally is about 700 ft (213 m) (Parker, 1993). Stockton Formation (Upper Triassic) (Kummel, 1898) - Unit is interbedded sequence of gray, grayish-brown, or slightly reddish-brown, medium- to fine-grained, thin- to thick-bedded, poorly to moderately sorted to clast imbricated conglomerate, planar to trough cross-bedded, and ripple-cross laminated arkosic sandstone, and reddish-brown clayey fine-grained, sandstone, siltstone and mudstone. Sedimentary structures indicate unidirectional flow. Coarser units commonly display erosional bases, are locally graded and can include channel structures; finer units may be bioturbated. The formation consists of fining upwards cycles. Upper section of unit is thermally metamorphosed (T Rsah) where in contact with Palisades Sill. Lower contact, not exposed, is an erosional unconformity. Thickness is approximately 750 ft (229 m) according to Olsen and others (2004). Allochthonous Rocks (Transported Iapetan sequence) Hartland Formation (Middle Ordovician to Middle Cambrian) (Hall, 1976) – Heterogeneous sequence of interlayered tan to gray-weathering, gray, fine- to coarse-grained schist composed of muscovite + biotite + garnet + quartz + plagioclase ± sillimanite and/or kyanite; gray, fine-grained gneiss composed of quartz + feldspar ± biotite and/or garnet; and dark grayish-black amphibolite composed of quartz + biotite + hornblende. Only identified in the map area in boreholes drilled in the Hudson River. Maximum thickness in the map area is unknown. Serpentinite (Lower Ordovician to Upper Cambrian?) – Light yellowish-green to dark green, fine-grained, contains olivine, orthopyroxene, and chromian spinel. Mostly found altered to serpentine minerals and commonly associated with light green, medium-grained talc and magnesiohornblende-bearing rocks. Found in boreholes drilled in the Hudson River and to the south in the Jersey City quadrangle (Volkert, 2016). Maximum thickness in the map area is unknown. Jd l lh la sa sah Oh Os pg 11 10 15 20 8 12 8 5 11 14 7 9 16 10 9 15 4 15 12 10 9 14 10 10 10 11 9 8 13 13 4 13 10 9 10 5 9 14 12 10 4 14 13 12 8 7 10 9 10 8 8 13 4 16 11 24 18 8 21 14 17 12 6 8 7 9 12 5 14 5 5 21 13 27 23 32 35 77 10 5 11 10 8 12 15 12 18 13 10 5 14 7 8 26 22 10 16 12 11 13 21 13.

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Page 1: DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION BEDROCK … · Manspeizer, W., ed., Triassic-Jurassic rifting, continental breakup and the origin of the Atlantic Ocean and passive margins,

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Hall, L.M., 1976, Preliminary correlation of rocks in southwestern Connecticut: in Page. L.R., ed., Contributions to the stratigraphy of New England: Geological Society of America Memoir 148, p. 337-349.

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Triassic-Jurassic Newark basin of eastern North America: in Mohriak, W.U., Danforth, A., Post, P.J., Brown, D.E., Tari, G.C., Nemcok, M., and Sinha, S.T., eds., Conjugate Divergent Margins, Geological Society, London, Special Publications, v. 369, p. 301-321.

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This map was produced to conform with the National Geospatial Program US Topo Product Standard, 2011.

A metadata file associated with this product is draft version 0.6.16

CONTOUR INTERVAL 10 FEETNORTH AMERICAN VERTICAL DATUM OF 1988

Imagery..................................................NAIP, July 2010Roads....................................................... HERE, ©2013Names..........................................................GNIS, 2013Hydrography....................National Hydrography Dataset, 2010Contours............................National Elevation Dataset, 2013Boundaries............Multiple sources; see metadata file 1972 - 2013

North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83)World Geodetic System of 1984 (WGS84). Projection and1 000-meter grid: Universal Transverse Mercator, Zone 18T

Produced by the United States Geological Survey

10 000-foot ticks: New Jersey Coordinate System of 1983, New

York Coordinate System of 1983 (Long Island zone)

This map is not a legal document. Boundaries may begeneralized for this map scale. Private lands within governmentreservations may not be shown. Obtain permission beforeentering private lands.

U.S. National Grid

100,000-m Square ID

Grid Zone Designation

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UTM GRID AND 2014 MAGNETIC NORTHDECLINATION AT CENTER OF SHEET

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Prepared in cooperation with theU.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

NATIONAL GEOLOGIC MAPPING PROGRAM

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTIONWATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENTNEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL AND WATER SURVEY

BEDROCK GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE NEW JERSEY PORTIONS OF THE WEEHAWKEN AND CENTRAL PARK QUADRANGLES BERGEN, HUDSON AND PASSAIC COUNTIES, NEW JERSEY

GEOLOGIC MAP SERIES GMS 18-1

LOCATION IN NEW JERSEY

Bedrock Geologic Map of the New Jersey Portions of the Weehawken and Central Park Quadrangles, Bergen, Hudson and Passaic Counties, New Jersey

byDonald H. Monteverde and Francesca A. Rea1

2018

Bedrock geology mapped by D.H. Monteverde and Francesca Rea in 2015-2016

Digital cartography by D.H. MonteverdeResearch supported by US Geological Survey,

National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program,under USGS award number G15ACOO222.

The views and conclusions in this document are thoseof the authors and should not be interpreted

as necessarily representing the official policies,either expressed or implied, of the US Government

1 EWMA, Parsippany, New Jersey

U D

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EXPLANATION OF MAP SYMBOLS

Contact - Dashed where approximately located; queried where uncertain; dotted where concealed

Fault - U, upthrown side; D, downthrown side. Ball and post indicates direction of dip Dashed where approximately located; queried where uncertain; dotted where concealed

Arrows show relative motion

Motion is unknown

Planar features

Strike and dip of inclined beds

Strike and dip of flow foliation in igneous rocks

Other features

Copper mineralization recorded in outcrop

Abandoned rock quarry

Location of figures with number corresponding to figure number

Field station in diabase

Cemetery

Well numbers 0-265 are described in Stanford (1993); numbers 266-292 are from core descriptions of drilling from the Trans-Hudson Express Project. Drill numbers beginning in A are from the NJ DOT soil boring database.

Trap recorded in well.

Red rock recorded in well without grain size information.

Sandstone recorded in well.

Shale recorded in well.

Serpentinite recorded in well.

Schist recorded in well.

11

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Figure 1. (Location on map) Recent excavation exposing the lower contact of the Palisades sill with arkosic Stockton Formation (40.79352, -73.99805). Stringers of arkosic sandstone xenoliths are visible above and parallel to the main contact. A thin sill is evident just below the main igneous contact. The igneous contact and Stockton beds descend to the north. Just outside the right side of photograph the diabase is at ground level. The exposure to the far south (left side) of the photograph is a artificial outcrop-like structure created on grout to prevent the bedrock from weathering and falling into the parking lot. Grout has also been sprayed along the diabase-Stockton contact on the right side of the photograph.

Figure 2. (Location shown on map) Outcrop remaining from the Granton quarry (40.8074096, -74.0184073), famous for its fossil fish and reptiles (Olsen,1980c). Lockatong hornfels are evident to the east (right side of photograph). Diabase caps the exposure half way across the hill and thickens to the west (left side of the photograph).

INTRODUCTION

The New Jersey portions of the Weehawken and Central Park, NY-NJ 7 1/2-minute quadrangles are dominated by the Palisades ridge in the east and the Hackensack Meadowlands in the west. The broad north-south trending Palisades ridge, aligned parallel to the Hudson River, is the dominant topographic feature. It has steep to locally sheer cliffs on the east that extend to a narrow lowland region along the banks of the Hudson River. This lowland area is increasingly under the pressure of development due to its proximity to and vistas of New York City directly across the Hudson River. Westward across the Palisades’ broad crest the ridge slopes gently into the Hackensack Meadowlands, a low lying area blanketed by Pleistocene to Recent surficial sediments deposited in glacial and fluvial environments (Salisbury, 1902; Parillo, 1959; Stanford and Harper, 1991, Stanford, 1993, 2010). Increased development in the Hackensack Meadowlands to the west of the Palisades continues to reduce the remaining unpreserved open space.

STRATIGRAPHY

The bedrock in the quadrangles is of Mesozoic age and consists of sedimentary and plutonic formations of the Newark Basin, a rift basin formed during the breakup of the supercontinent Pangaea. The Newark basin is a half-graben bounded on the northwest by a series of northeast-striking, southeast-dipping border faults. Sequential fault movement from Late Triassic to Early Jurassic time on backstepping normal faults along the northwestern margin controlled basin morphology, and thereby sediment-depositional patterns within the basin (Schlische, 1992, Olsen and others, 1996). Episodic, periodic motion on the faults encreased sediment input into the basin from northern and western Highlands sources as well as from the southern Piedmont rocks currently covered by younger Coastal Plain units. A strong basin-parallel sedimentation trend exhibiting a northern provenance filled the mapped region of the Newark Basin. Other Highland-sourced fluvial sediments entered the basin by way of rider blocks between backstepping boundary faults west of the main border faults. Schlische (1992, 1993) suggested that movement along several major intrabasinal faults in the central part of the basin controlled depositional centers, as evidenced by regional sediment thickness patterns. Recent reconstructions of the Newark basin suggest the majority of intrabasinal faulting postdated deposition of the basin sediments (Withjack and others, 2013). Deformation and synchronous sedimentation continued into the Early Jurassic (Malinconico, 2010) when extensional faulting ceased. Most tectonic deformation is of Late Triassic to Middle Jurassic age (Lucas and others, 1988; de Boer and Clifford, 1988). Compressional stresses began with the opening of the Atlantic Ocean. Several generations of mafic magma intruded the basin sediments, and some reached the paleosurface regionally to form thick basalt volcanics west of the mapped area. Magmatic activity took place during the latest Triassic and Early Jurassic. Newark Basin rocks have continued to erode from the Jurassic to the present and have supplied sediment to the Atlantic coastal region (Poag and Sevon, 1989; Pazzaglia, 1993). Three sedimentary formations of Triassic age are identified in the map area. From youngest to oldest they are the Passaic, Lockatong and Stockton formations. Parker and others (1988) and Parker (1993) subdivided the Passaic Formation in the northern Newark Basin into several coarsening-upwards facies and along strike from southwest to north-northwest. A near-source conglomerate-to-sandstone sequence at the northern edge of the basin and to a lesser extent along its western margin grade southward into the more distal, finer, mudstone-dominated beds within the mapped area. Sandstone beds dominate outcrops along the ridges immediately west of the Hackensack Meadowlands. Drillers‘ logs, though only supplying limited data to subdivide the Passaic, also suggest sandstone west of the Meadowlands. Shale was more commonly recorded under the Meadowlands in the drillers’ logs. Siltstone and mudstone dominated over fine sandstone in limited outcrops across Secaucus, in Hudson County, NJ. Decreasing abundance of sandstone allowed the separation of the Passaic in the map area into a western sandstone facies and eastern siltstone facies. Passaic Formation sediments are predominantly reddish-brown and to a lesser extent gray and black. These sediments were deposited in lacustrine and marginal lacustrine environments. Gray and black beds represent the deepest lake environments (Olsen and others, 1996).

The Lockatong Formation along the Palisades includes two main facies: an upper, coarser-grained, light-colored arkosic to feldspathic sandstone, and a lower, black siltstone and mudstone interbedded with arkosic to feldspathic sandstone (Parker, 1993; Drake and others, 1996, Monteverde, 2011, Volkert, 2016). Parker and others (1988) placed the upper arkosic facies in the Stockton Formation and classified only the siltstone/argillite sediments as Lockatong. They suggested that the Lockatong thinned to the northeast and was replaced by the Stockton. Olsen (1980a, 1980b, 1980c) and Olsen and others (1989) mapped the Lockatong as a single lithologic unit and described cycles containing a thinly bedded siltstone grading upward to a laminated fine siltstone that can be calcareous and into a thickly bedded siltstone to sandstone. This cyclicity marks the initial transgressive lake filling stage followed by maximum flooding and lastly, into a regressive phase marked by the coarser grained deposition. These cycles and similar sedimentary transitions within the Passaic Formation have been correlated throughout the Newark Basin (Olsen, 1980b, 1980c, Olsen and others, 1996). The cycles are separated by beds of dark gray argillite. The arkosic facies of the Lockatong as mapped here lacks exposed siltstone interbeds.

The Lockatong lenses into either the Passaic or Stockton within the northern Newark Basin (Olsen, 1980b, 1980c). Differentiation in the map area between the Lockatong and Stockton formations above and below the Palisades sill is based on the work of Olsen and Rainforth (2001) and Olsen and others (2004). Sedimentary structures aid in distinguishing the lacustrine Lockatong from the fluvial rocks of the Stockton. Olsen and Rainforth (2001) strongly suggest that beds mapped here as the Stockton are time-equivalent to the upper Lockatong.

The Stockton Formation is an arkosic sandstone and coglomerate which unconformably overlies metamorphic rock of probable Paleozoic age. It becomes finer grained upwards towards a gradation contact with the Lockatong. Olsen and others (2004) suggests the eastern edge of the Stockton ends in midchannel of the Hudson River.

Serpentinite has long been known to occur in Hoboken (Nuttall, 1822, Rogers, 1840). Regionally it is commonly found with the schist and associated gneiss that forms the basement for the Stockton sediments. Originally thought to be a continuation of the Manhattan (Hudson) Schist (Lewis and Kummel, 1915; Drake and others, 1996), the schist associated with the serpentinite now is better correlated, based on mineralogy, with the Hartland Formation (Brock and Brock, 2001, Merguerian and Moss, 2006). Both the schist and serpentinite were identified in boreholes in the Hudson River for construction projects. Volkert (2016) in his mapping of the serpentinite along the Hoboken waterfront suggests a correlation with similar serpentinite bodies in Staten Island, NY, New England and southern Quebec, CA and concluding an Upper Cambrian to Lower Ordovician age. The serpentinite and the Hartland Formation form the basement for the nonconformably overlying Stockton.

PALISADES SILL

The Palisades is a high-titanium quartz-normative tholeiite (Husch, 1990, Gorring and Naslund, 1995, Dickson, 2006) that varies in composition between diabase and gabbro (Olsen and others, 2004). Olivine is a dominant mineral in a layer approximately 45 ft (14 m) above the base of the sill (Lewis, 1908, Husch, 1990, Gorring and Naslund, 1995). Studies propose that the Palisades was intruded in multiple pulses. Two (Walker, 1969), three (Block and others, 2004; Block, 2006) to potentially four individual magmatic pulses (Shirley, 1987, Steiner and others, 1992) have been proposed. Block and others (2004) and Block (2006) propose that the different magmatic pulses can be correlated to the basalt formations cropping out farther to the west in central New Jersey. Puffer and others (2009) suggested the sill inflated three times with separate magmas with the oldest chemically linked to the Orange Mountain Basalt. The younger two magmas are linked to the three volcanic pulses of the Preakness Basalt. Mineral banding in the upper part of the sill has been attributed to crystalline magma compaction (Steiner and others, 1992, Block and others, 2004, Block, 2006) and to settling of crystals formed during cooling near the sill’s roof (Philpotts and Dickson, 2002; Dickson, 2006).

The Palisades is part of the extensive Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP) represented by igneous rocks in South America, Africa and Europe as well as North America (Marzoli and others, 1999). Dunning and Hodych (1990) used zircon and baddeleyite to calculate a mean U/Pb age of nine samples of 200.9+/-1.0 million years (Ma). More recently Marzoli and others (2011) suggested that diabase intrusion of the sill continued for a longer time than the extrusion of the basalts of the Newark Basin. 40Ar/39Ar dates from the sill yield a range from 202.8+/-1.8 Ma to 195.1+/-2.1 Ma. Blackburn and others (2013) recorded a high precision date for the sill at 201.520+/-0.034 Ma. They suggest that CAMP had a duration of 600,000 years. The sill is labeled as both Triassic and Jurassic in age on the map as its proposed intrusion history spans the identified boundary between the two periods (Hillebrandt and others, 2013). These igneous rocks mark the initial stages of the breakup of the supercontinent of Pangaea. Natural exposures of the basal contact between the diabase and underlying sedimentary units are limited, however recent construction has created several large outcrops that expose the contact with either the Lockatong or Stockton sediments (figure 1).

The erosion-resistant rock of the Palisades sill has controlled landscape development and created a dominant north-south trending ridge immediately west of the Hudson River. Several isolated exposures of the diabase exist west of the main igneous body. The best known is in the former Granton quarry in North Bergen, Hudson County, NJ which was active for several decades until the 1960s. The quarry exposed hornfels of the Lockatong Formation as well as diabase. The hornfels has yielded numerous scientifically-significant paleontological discoveries, predominantly fish and reptiles (Van Houten 1969, Olsen and others, 1989, Olsen and Rainforth, 2001). The majority of the quarry is now developed but one large exposure (figure 2) and several smaller ones still remain and continue to be visited during geological field trips (Olsen and others, 2016). In addition to the Granton quarry, two large igneous outliers exist in the south of the mapped area. The largest is Laurel Hill (Puffer and Benimoff, 1997) which has been cut by the NJ Turnpike. Several other possible small isolated intrusive bodies have been recorded by drilling projects (Stanford, 1993).

STRUCTURE

Several small faults cut across the diabase-hornfels contact. Kummel (1898) describes two normal faults trending northerly and northwesterly near Hoboken. He depicted shales down-dropped on the eastern hanging wall of the western fault. Fluhr (1941) and Sanborn (1950) also mention this fault. Fluhr (1941) offers a good description of the structure encountered during construction of the Lincoln Tunnel. His interpretation was used in construction of the map in that area. NJGWS permanent notes describe a borehole drilled in 1935 that bisected this fault. Darton and others (1908) and Kummel (1898) describe surface exposures and borehole data that encountered only baked shale to a depth of 125 ft (32 m). Due to urbanization no evidence of this shale was found. Immediately to the east at Kings Bluff, Olsen (1980c) describes a small fault originally mapped by Fluhr (1941) separating Lockatong hornfels from Stockton arkosic sandstones. Olsen (1980c) traced this northwest dipping normal fault farther northward to where it cuts into the Lockatong-diabase contact. Still farther north at the southern boundary between Cliffside Park and Edgewater, Bergen County near the New York-Susquehanna and Western Railroad Tunnel, this mapping confirms several small normal faults cutting the lower diabase contact as noted by Kummel (1898) and Parker (1993).

Lewis (1908) described crushed rock along 4 ft (1.2 m) wide shear zones that extend almost 2 miles (3 km) across the northern boundary of the mapped area in the city of Englewood, Bergen County, NJ. Merrill and others (1902) mapped a east dipping normal fault across this zone. Parker (1993) continued this fault with normal displacement of hornfels on the east or hanging wall side of the fault. Monteverde (2011) failed to identify structural evidence of this fault and suggested an igneous contact instead for the apparent offset. Review of historical evidence as well as investigations of the diabase structures farther to the south appears to substantiate the work of Parker (1993) in the existence of the normal fault offset.

REFERENCES

Blackburn, T.J., Olsen, P.E., Bowring, S.A., McLean, N.M., Kent, D.V., Puffer, J., McHone, G., Rasbury, E.T., Et-Touhami, M., 2013, Zircon U-Pb geochronology links the end-Triassic extinction with the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province. Science, v. 340 (6135), p. 941-945.

Block, K.A., 2006, A refined multiple injections model for the Palisades Sill, New York and New Jersey, PhD Dissertation, City University of New York, NY, 186 p.

Block, K.A., Steiner, J.C., and Rice, A., 2004, Toward a comprehensive model for the Palisades: tracing new internal contacts: in Puffer, J.H., and Volkert, R.A., eds., Neoproterozoic, Paleozoic, and Mesozoic intrusive rocks of northern New Jersey and southeastern, New York, Twenty-First Annual Meeting Geological Association of New Jersey, Mahwah, NJ, p. 93-99.

Brock, P.C., and Brock, P.W.G., 2001, Bedrock geology of New York City: More than 600 m.y. of geologic history: in Eighth Annual Conference on Geology of Long Island and Metropolitan New York, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Long Island Geologists Program with Abstracts, unpaginated.

Darton, N.H., Bayley, W.S., Salisbury, R.D., Kummel, H.B, 1908, Passaic folio, New Jersey-New York, U.S. Geological Survey, Geologic Atlas no. 157, 27 p.

de Boer, J.Z., and Clifford, A.E., 1988, Mesozoic tectogenesis: Development and deformation of “Newark” rift zones in the Appalachains (with special emphasis on the Hartford basin, Connecticut, in Manspeizer, W., ed., Triassic-Jurassic rifting: New York, NY, Elsevier, p. 275-306

Dickson, L.D., 2006, Detailed textural analysis of the Palisades sill, New Jersey, PhD Dissertation, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 183 p.

Drake, A.A., Jr., Volkert, R.A., Monteverde, D.H., Herman, G.C., Houghton, H.F., Parker, R.A., and Dalton, R.F., 1996, Bedrock geologic map of northern New Jersey, U.S.G.S. Miscellaneous Investigations Map I-2540-A, scale 1:100,000.

Dunning, G.R., and Hodych, J.P., 1990, U/Pb zircon and baddeleyite ages for the Palisades and Gettysburg sills of the northeastern United States: Implications for the age of the Triassic/Jurassic boundary: Geology, v. 18, p. 795-798.

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DESCRIPTION OF MAP UNITS

Diabase (Lower Jurassic to Upper Triassic) - Fine-grained to aphanitic dikes (?) and sills and a medium-grained, discordant, sheet-like intrusion of dark-gray to dark greenish-gray, sub-ophitic diabase; massive-textured, hard, and sparsely fractured. Composed dominantly of plagioclase, clinopyroxene, and opaque minerals. At the Palisades sill, an olivine zone occurs approximately 45 ft (14 m) above the base. Finely-laminated horizons occur in the upper third. Contacts are typically fine-grained, and display chilled, sharp margins adjacent to their contact with sedimentary rocks. Internal chilled horizons have been observed by Steiner and others (1992), Block and others (2004) and Block (2006). Thickness of the Palisades sill diabase in the quadrangles, is approximately 1,300 ft (396 m).

Passaic Formation - (Upper Triassic) (Olsen, 1980a) - Interbedded sequence of reddish-brown to maroon and purple, fine- to coarse-grained arkosic sandstone and less common, siltstone, shaly siltstone, silty mudstone and mudstone, and less common olive-gray, dark-gray, or black very fine sandstone, siltstone, silty mudstone, shale and lesser silty argillite. Regionally the unit coarsens towards the north and northwest and fines towards the southwest. Reddish-brown arkosic sandstone and siltstone are thin- to medium-bedded, planar to cross-bedded, micaceous, and locally mudcracked and ripple cross-laminated. Root casts and load casts are common. Reddish-brown siltstone is medium- to fine-grained, thin- to medium-bedded, planar to cross-bedded, micaceous, locally containing mud cracks, ripple cross-lamination, root casts and load casts. Shaly siltstone, silty mudstone, and mudstone are fine-grained, very thin to thin-bedded, planar to ripple cross-laminated, locally fissile, bioturbated, and contain evaporite minerals. Gray and black sandstone to mudstone form marker beds within the dominantly reddish-brown sediments (�pg). Copper mineralization may be present in the gray and black beds. Unit forms rhythmically fining upward sequences up to 15 feet thick. Thermally altered to dark gray to purple (�psh). Unit is approximately 11,000 ft (3,353 m) thick in the map area.

Lockatong Formation (Upper Triassic) (Kummel, 1898) - Cyclically deposited sequences of mainly gray to greenish-gray, siltstone and white to buff arkosic sandstone and local pebble conglomerate. Siltstone is medium- to fine-grained thin-bedded, laminated, platy to massive. Arkose (TRla) has affinities with the Stockton Formation and is massive to cross-bedded with symmetrical crossbedding indicating bi-directional flow. Thermally altered to dark gray to black hornfels (TRlh), can contain plagioclase, orthoclase and recrystallized diopside in arkose and calc-silicate minerals such as grossularite, diopside and prehnite in siltstone beds and biotite and albite in finer grained beds (Olsen 1980c, Van Houten, 1969). Lower contact is gradational into the Stockton Formation and placed at base of lowest continuous black siltstone bed (Olsen, 1980c). Maximum thickness of unit regionally is about 700 ft (213 m) (Parker, 1993).

Stockton Formation (Upper Triassic) (Kummel, 1898) - Unit is interbedded sequence of gray, grayish-brown, or slightly reddish-brown, medium- to fine-grained, thin- to thick-bedded, poorly to moderately sorted to clast imbricated conglomerate, planar to trough cross-bedded, and ripple-cross laminated arkosic sandstone, and reddish-brown clayey fine-grained, sandstone, siltstone and mudstone. Sedimentary structures indicate unidirectional flow. Coarser units commonly display erosional bases, are locally graded and can include channel structures; finer units may be bioturbated. The formation consists of fining upwards cycles. Upper section of unit is thermally metamorphosed (TRsah) where in contact with Palisades Sill. Lower contact, not exposed, is an erosional unconformity. Thickness is approximately 750 ft (229 m) according to Olsen and others (2004).

Allochthonous Rocks (Transported Iapetan sequence)

Hartland Formation (Middle Ordovician to Middle Cambrian) (Hall, 1976) – Heterogeneous sequence of interlayered tan to gray-weathering, gray, fine- to coarse-grained schist composed of muscovite + biotite + garnet + quartz + plagioclase ± sillimanite and/or kyanite; gray, fine-grained gneiss composed of quartz + feldspar ± biotite and/or garnet; and dark grayish-black amphibolite composed of quartz + biotite + hornblende. Only identified in the map area in boreholes drilled in the Hudson River. Maximum thickness in the map area is unknown.

Serpentinite (Lower Ordovician to Upper Cambrian?) – Light yellowish-green to dark green, fine-grained, contains olivine, orthopyroxene, and chromian spinel. Mostly found altered to serpentine minerals and commonly associated with light green, medium-grained talc and magnesiohornblende-bearing rocks. Found in boreholes drilled in the Hudson River and to the south in the Jersey City quadrangle (Volkert, 2016). Maximum thickness in the map area is unknown.

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Page 2: DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION BEDROCK … · Manspeizer, W., ed., Triassic-Jurassic rifting, continental breakup and the origin of the Atlantic Ocean and passive margins,

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Bedrock Geologic Map of the New Jersey Portions of the Weehawken and Central Park Quadrangles, Bergen, Hudson and Passaic Counties, New Jersey

New Jersey Geological and Water Survey

Geologic Map Series GMS 18-1

Pamphlet with Table 1 to accompany map

Table 1. Selected well and boring records. Boring logs from New Jersey Department of Transportation soil boring logs http://www.state.nj.us/transportation/refdata/geologic/ Map number Identification Depth (ft) recovered material A-1 Log ID - B0022275 0-3 surficial gravel + sand

Plan ID - P0001909 3-3.6 rock, siltstone, gray, medium to hard Boring Label – B-15

A-2 Log ID - B0022284 0-4.8 surficial sand

Plan ID - P0001912 4.9-6.4 rock, sandstone, gray/white, medium to hard Boring Label – B-24

A-3 Log ID - B0007963 0-19.5 surficial gravel + sand

Plan ID - P0000424 19.5-24.5 core 54% recovery, 2.7 ft hornfels, black Boring Label - 540W-3 arkose, lt brown, fine grained

A-4 Log ID - B0007949 0-35.7 surficial gravel, sand, silt + clay

Plan ID - P0000423 35.7-42.5 hornfels, black + white, thinly bedded Boring Label - 540W-13

A-5 Log ID - B0009739 0-12.07 surficial gravel + sand

Plan ID - P0000603 12.07-13.57 sandstone, dk red to buff, fine to medium Boring Label – PB-8 grained, slightly weathered, 0.15m shale at bottom

A-6 Log ID - B0022281 0-4.7 surficial sand

Plan ID - P0001910 4.7-6.7 siltstone, gray, v. soft to hard, close to med. Boring Label – B-21A spaced discontinuities

A-7 Log ID - B0022277 0-4.0 surficial sand + gravel

Plan ID - P0001909 4.0-6.7 siltstone, dark gray, hard, fresh, horizontal Boring Label – B-17 joints, vertical fractures

A-8 Log ID - B0022274 0-4.0 surficial sand + gravel

Plan ID - P0001906 4.0-5.5 siltstone, gray, medium to hard, close to Boring Label – B-1 medium spaced discontinuities

A-9 Log ID - B0016491 0-6.5 surficial sand, silt + gravel

Plan ID - P0001309 6.5-16.5 sandstone, dark red brown Field number – B-20

A-10 Log ID - B0016474 0-10.2 surficial sand, silt + gravel

Plan ID - P0001305 10.2-15.2 cored interval 31% recovery, yellow brown to

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Field number - B-23 white sandstone and gneiss 15.2-20.2 cored interval 53% recovery, gray basalt (3 in),

pinkish brown f sandstone A-11 Log ID - B0011158 0-8.5 surficial sand, silt + gravel

Plan ID - P0000657 8.5-23.5 gray diabase, medium grained, slightly Field number - D-55 weathered

Abbreviated well logs from the Trans-Hudson Express (THE) Project for proposed Hudson River tunnel in 2007. Project was cancelled. Logs on file at the NJGWS. Well number is bolded; PE number is project well identifier 277 PE-128W 0-52 surficial material 52-56 light yellow-gray and white-gray with occasional dark gray, mixed m-f grained and f-grained sandstone 56-66 light-medium-dark gray and light tan mixed siltstone; fine grained and m f grained sandstone; with few

coarse grained arkosic sandstone; thin to very thin bedded c-f grained arkosic sandstone; dark and light gray, occasionally discolored orange-brown, m-f grained arkosic sandstone

66-76 light tan to brownish-gray mottled dark gray, interlayered f-grained and m-f grained sandstone and m-f grained and c-f grained arkosic sandstone

76-81 light tan-gray c-f grained arkosic sandstone 278 PE-222 0-35 surficial material 35-40 light gray mottled brown, m-f grained arkosic sandstone; light tan and gray mottled brown f-grained silty

sandstone and siltstone 40-45 light gray mottled brown m-f grained arkosic sandstone 45-56 light gray mottled brown m-f grained arkosic sandstone; tan-white f-grained silty sandstone and siltstone

with scattered medium grains; light gray f-grained to m-f grained arkosic sandstone; light gray to medium yellow-gray m-f grained arkosic sandstone; medium gray f-grained silty sandstone, diffuse turbated bedding

56-66 medium tan-gray f-grained to m-f grained silty sandstone diffuse very thin bedding; light gray and tan layered m-f grained arkosic sandstone, f-grained sandstone and siltstone, diffuse thin to very thin bedding.

66-71 tan f-grained to m-f grained sandstone diffuse medium bedding. gray interlayered c-f grained and m-f grained arkosic sandstone

71-76 gray interlayered c-f grained and m-f grained arkosic sandstone 76-81 gray mottled brown m-f grained and c-m grained arkosic sandstone, diffuse very thin to medium bedding 81-86 gray mottled brown, interbedded m-f grained and c-f grained arkosic sandstone, very thin to thin bedding 86-91 gray mottled brown, interbedded c-f grained and m-f grained arkosic sandstone. light gray mottled

brown, m-f grained arkosic sandstone. 91-96 light gray mottled brown m-f grained arkosic sandstone; light tan-white and gray mottled yellow-gray

siltstone and claystone 96-101 light gray occasionally mottled brown, m-f grained arkosic sandstone; light tan and dark gray mottled

orangish-gray, mixed siltstone and f-grained and m-f grained sandstone 101-112 dark gray to light tan mottled yellow-brown mixed m-f grained and f-grained sandstone and siltstone;

light tan and gray m-f grained arkosic sandstone interbedded with little f-grained arkosic sandstone 112-116 light tan and gray, m-f grained and f-grained arkosic sandstone and siltstone; medium to dark gray and

light tan mixed m-f grained and f-grained sandstone

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116-126 light tan and gray mixed m-f grained sandstone and siltstone; light tan and gray mixed f-grained sandstone and siltstone; tan, occasionally mottled brown, m-f grained arkosic sandstone; yellow tan to dark gray siltstone

126-135 light gray mottled yellow-brown layered m-f grained and little c-m grained arkosic sandstone; yellow-brown mixed m-f grained sandstone and siltstone, bioturbated

135-141 light tan mottled yellow-brown and gray, layered siltstone, f-grained sandstone, and m-f grained arkosic sandstone, bioturbated burrows infilled with m-f grained sandstone

141-151 tan-gray mottled brown m-f grained arkosic sandstone with scattered c-grains 151-156 gray mottled, yellow-brown m-f grained arkosic sandstone with scattered coarse-grains mixed with light

tan siltstone 156-161 gray and tan c-m grained arkosic sandstone, tan mixed f-grained silty sandstone; dark brown mixed f-

grained sandstone and siltstone and gray m-f grained arkosic sandstone, gray m-f grained arkosic sandstone

161-166 dark brown mottled gray interlayered siltstone, shale and f-grained sandstone, tan-gray m-f grained arkosic sandstone, light tan and gray m-f grained arkosic sandstone

166-176 light tan and gray m-f grained arkosic sandstone with f-grained sandstone 176-186 light tan and gray m-g grained arkosic sandstone with few coarse grains, dark gray brown f-grained silty

sandstone, light tan and gray f-grained silty sandstone coarsening downward to m-f grained arkosic sandstone

186-196 light tan and gray m-f grained coarsening downward to c-grained arkosic sandstone. light tan and gray m-f grained arkosic sandstone

196-201 light gray m-f grained arkosic sandstone, light tan siltstone bioturbated, light gray c-m grained arkosic sandstone

279 PE139W 0-60 surficial material 60-65 light tan-gray medium bedded, c-f grained arkosic sandstone; tan-white and yellow-brown, very thin to

laminated, f-grained sandstone 65-74 tan-white and yellow-brown, very thin to medium bedded m-f grained arkosic sandstone 74-85 light gray, medium gray, light yellow-tan and brown mixed siltstone and f-grained and m-f grained

sandstone 85-92 mixed siltstone and f-grained and m-f grained sandstone; gray, mottled tan, diffuse mix of f-grained silty

sandstone and m-f grained arkosic sandstone 92-95 gray and tan diffuse mixture of f-grained silty sandstone and m-f grained arkosic sandstone; light tan and

gray m-f grained arkosic sandstone 95-105 m-f grained arkosic sandstone; light tan and dark gray interbedded f-grained sandstone and siltstone;

light tan gray mottled yellow-brown mixed siltstone and f-grained and m-f grained sandstone; gray-tan c-f grained arkosic sandstone

105-115 light yellowish gray occasionally mottled red-brown c-m grained arkosic sandstone; granule and pebble conglomeritic sandstone

115-125 light tan-gray granule and pebble sandy conglomerate; light tan-gray mottled yellow-brown red-brown and dark gray c-f grained arkosic sandstone

125-135 light gray and tan interbedded siltstone and m-f grained and f-grained sandstone; dark brown mottled light orange; mixed siltstone and f-grained and m-f grained sandstone

135-145 dark brown siltstone; light gray, tan and dark brown interbedded siltstone and f-grained sandstone; light tan, gray, occasionally mottled brown along bedding planes, m-f grained sandstone

145-155 light tan and gray, occasionally mottled brown, m-f grained sandstone; tan and gray interbedded siltstone and f-grained and m-f grained sandstone

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155-165 light tan, gray and brown mixed siltstone and f-grained and m-f sandstone; gray c-f grained arkosic sandstone; light gray interlayered f-grained and m-f grained sandstone

165-175 gray c-f grained arkosic sandstone; light gray interlayered siltstone and f-grained and m-f grained sandstone; gray interlayered m-f grained and c-m grained arkosic sandstone

175-185 gray interlayered c-m grained and m-f grained arkosic sandstone with tan, brown and dark gray layer of mixed f-grained and m-f grained sandstone

185-194 gray, interlayered c-m grained and m-f grained arkosic sandstone; interlayered tan and gray f-grained sandstone and dark brown f-grained silty sandstone

194-200 dark brown mottled tan and dark gray mixed f-grained silty sandstone and m-f grained sandstone; light f-grained and m-f grained sandstone grading down to gray c-f grained arkosic sandstone

280 PE-155W 0-95 surficial material 95-105 medium to light gray, mottled brown, c-m grained to m-f grained arkosic sandstone 105-115 light gray m-f grained arkosic sandstone; light gray and light purple m-f grained arkosic silty sandstone;

light purple sandstone breccia; light gray m-f grained arkosic sandstone 115-125 light gray m-f grained arkosic sandstone; light gray-white siltstone 125-135 light gray-white mottled yellow-brown siltstone; light gray, occasionally mottled yellow-brown, diffuse

laminated to medium-thick bedded, m-f grained arkosic sandstone with minor very thin-bedded c-m grained arkosic sandstone layers

135-145 light gray, little yellow-brown staining, medium to thick bedded, c-f grained arkosic sandstone, interlayered with minor very thin bedded f-grained silty sandstone; light gray-white, interbedded f-grained silty sandstone and siltstone; gray to light gray, little brown staining, m-grained grading downward to m-f grained arkosic sandstone; granule conglomeritic sandstone, lithic grain of clay rip-up clasts

145-151 light gray m-f grained, thin bedded arkosic sandstone 151-156 gray to light gray interbedded m-f grained, c-f grained and c-m grained laminated to thin-bedded arkosic

sandstone, grading downward to f-grained sandstone 156-158 light tan f-grained, grading downward to m-f grained and c-f grained arkosic sandstone 158-165 brown, mottled black, dark gray and light brown bioturbated siltstone 165-175 dark brown, black and tan bioturbated siltstone mixed with m-f grained silty sandstone with occasional

fossils; gray, interbedded f-grained, m-f grained and c-f grained arkosic sandstone 175-185 gray c-m grained, c-f grained and f-grained arkosic sandstone 281 PE-223 0-130 surficial material 130-132 gray interlayered m-f grained and c-f grained arkosic sandstone; gray granule and pebble arkosic

conglomeritic sandstone; gray, mixed siltstone and f-grained silty sandstone 132-142 gray mottled yellow-brown mixed m-f grained arkosic sandstone, with scattered pebble-size grains, and

mudstone; gray interlayered m-f grained and c-f grained arkosic sandstone, and minor f-grained arkosic sandstone

142-152 gray m-f grained arkosic sandstone; occasional thin-bedded c-f grained arkosic sandstone; occasional very thin to thin bedded mixed sandy siltstone and f-grained arkosic sandstone

152-162 gray and grayish-brown mixed siltstone f-grained sandy claystone and minor m-f grained arkosic sandstone; light tan m-f grained arkosic silty sandstone; light gray and tan interlayered clayey siltstone, siltstone, and f-grained silty sandstone; light tan m-f grained arkosic silty sandstone; interlayered dark brown siltstone and dark brownish-gray f-grained silty sandstone; light gray-tan mottled dark gray m-f grained arkosic sandstone

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162-172 light to medium gray-brown mottled dark gray, mixed siltstone and f-grained and m-f grained arkosic silty sandstone; interlayered dark brown siltstone and dark brownish-gray f-grained silty sandstone; light gray-tan mottled dark gray m-f grained arkosic sandstone

172-182 gray, m-f grained arkosic sandstone; gray mottled tan, mixed f-grained silty sandstone and minor m-f grained arkosic sandstone; gray-green to dark red, mixed siltstone, f-grained silty sandstone, and m-f grained arkosic sandstone; dark red-brown occasionally mottled gray-green and tan, mixed siltstone and silty shale

182-192 dark red-brown occasionally mottled greenish gray mixed siltstone and silty shale 282 PE-158W 0-112 surficial material 112-117 dark red-brown siltstone interlayered with dark red-brow m-f grained arkosic silty sandstone 117-122 dark red-brown siltstone interlayered with m-f grained sandy siltstone and red-gray f-grained arkosic silty

sandstone 122-127 dark red-brown siltstone mixed with m-f grained arkosic silty sandstone; light tan m-f grained arkosic

sandstone 127-132 tan to dark gray m-f grained arkosic sandstone; gray-brown to dark red granule and pebble sandy

conglomerate; dark red-brown mottled yellow brown siltstone with minor m-f grained sandy siltstone 132-137 dark red-brown siltstone; dark red-brown to tan gradationally interbedded m-f grained and c-f grained

arkosic sandstone 137-142 light reddish-tan gradationally bedded, f-grained, m-f grained, c-m grained arkosic sandstone; light

reddish-tan thin bedded granule and pebble sandy conglomerate; gray-tan mottled yellow-brown siltstone grading into f-grained silty sandstone

142-147 reddish tan mottled yellow-brown and gray siltstone and f-grained sandstone 147-152 light reddish-tan c-m grained arkosic sandstone; light-gray-tan t-grained to m-f grained arkosic

sandstone; reddish-gray to brown, mottled orange, c-m grained arkosic sandstone 152-157 dark gray c-f grained arkosic sandstone; dark red mottled yellow-brown mixed siltstone, f-grained

arkosic silty sandstone, and minor m-f grained sandstone lenses 157-162 light reddish-tan interlayered c-f grained f-grained and m-f grained arkosic sandstone; yellow-grain f-

grained silty sandstone 162-167 light reddish-tan, thin to medium-thick gradationally interbedded m-f grained and c-f grained arkosic

sandstone, with occasional laminated to very thin bedded f-grained sandstone and siltstone 167-172 light reddish-gray to tan, gradationally interlayered, medium-thick bedded, c-m grained and m-f grained

arkosic sandstone with minor granule conglomeritic sandstone; gray mottled yellow-brown claystone and siltstone

172-177 dark gray-brown c-f grained arkosic sandstone; dark brownish-red siltstone; light reddish-tan m-f grained arkosic sandstone

177-182 light reddish-tan, gradationally interlayered m-f grained and c-f grained arkosic sandstone; dark gray mottled yellow-brown m-f grained arkosic sandstone grading to siltstone

182-187 dark gray m-f grained arkosic sandstone; dark red-brown to yellow-brown siltstone and sandy siltstone; light reddish-tan gradationally interlayered medium-bedded, m-f grained and c-m grained arkosic sandstone; mottled yellow-brown f-grained sandstone and siltstone

283 PE-001 0-90 surficial material 90-95 arkosic sandstone, lt reddish-gray, medium-thick to thin bedded, interlayered c-m grained, m-f grained

and f grained 95-100 arkosic sandstone, lt reddish-gray occasionally mottled yellow-brown m-f grained, grades downward to

brown purple-gray c-f grained arkosic silty sandstone and downward to gray m-f grained sandstone

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100-105 dark red-brown occasionally mottled gray and brownish-yellow siltstone, close to moderate fracture spacing

105-110 dark red-brown siltstone, close to moderate fracture spacing 110-115 light tan m-f grained arkosic sandstone coarsening downward to c-f grained arkosic sandstone, very thin

to thin gradational bedding 115-125 light tan mottled yellow-brown interbedded m-f grained and c-m grained arkosic sandstone; dark red-

brown interbedded f-grained and m-grained silty arkosic sandstone; light tan f-grained arkosic sandstone 125-135 light tan c-m grained arkosic sandstone, conglomeratic with quartz, feldspar and lithic granule and

pebble-size grains. light tan to light gray mottled yellow-gray f-grained silty sandstone. light tan to light gray interbedded m-f grained and f-grained arkosic sandstone, very thin to thin bedding

135-145 light gray mottled yellow-brown interbedded f-grained and m-f grained arkosic sandstone, very thin to thin bedding; dark red-brown mottled yellow-brown sandy siltstone; light gray to light tan interbedded f-grained, m-f grained and c-m grained arkosic sandstone; light tan to yellow-brown sandy siltstone.

145-155 tan interbedded m-f grained and c-m grained arkosic sandstone 155-165 tan interbedded m-f grained and c-m grained arkosic sandstone; dark red-brown, purple-brown and

greenish-brown siltstone. light tan c-f arkosic sandstone. interbedded gray-green to dark red-brown siltstone and yellow-brown to light tan m-f grained arkosic sandstone

165-175 light tan, m-f grained arkosic sandstone. light tan to light yellow-brown c-m arkosic sandstone, frequently conglomeritic with quartz, feldspar and lithic granules and pebbles

175-185 light tan c-m grained arkosic sandstone frequently conglomeritic light reddish-tan m-f grained sandstone; yellow-brown to gray-green sandy siltstone. yellow-green to yellow-brown c-m grained arkosic sandstone

185-195 light tan-white m-f grained arkosic sandstone; light gray c-m grained arkosic sandstone. yellow-brown to gray sandy siltstone. light gray c-m grained arkosic sandstone

195-205 light gray c-m grained sandstone. light gray c-m grained arkosic sandstone; dark red-brown and gray-green siltstone; yellow-brown residual soil and completely weathered c-m arkosic sandstone; light tan to light gray granule to pebble sandy conglomerate with quartz, feldspar and lithic grains

205-214 light tan c-m grained arkosic sandstone 284 PE-224W 0-84 surficial material 84-89 light gray-white, mottled yellow-gray and purplish-gray interlayered m-f grained arkosic sandstone and

minor siltstone 89-99 gray-white and gray, mottled yellow-brown m-f grained arkosic sandstone; dark red-brown interlayered

m-f grained silty arkosic sandstone and siltstone; light tan-gray mottled light green m-f grained arkosic sandstone

99-109 light tan-gray m-f grained arkosic sandstone; dark red-brown siltstone mixed with dark purple brown m-f grained arkosic silty sandstone

109-119 dark red-brown mottled gray-green, interlayered siltstone and f-grained silty sandstone; light gray mottled yellow-brown interlayered c-f grained and m-f grained arkosic sandstone and c-m grained arkosic sandy conglomerate; dark red-brown and light gray, mottled yellow-brown and gray-green siltstone to f-grained and m-f grained arkosic silty sandstone

119-129 gray interlayered m-f grained and c-m grained arkosic sandstone and thin-bedded granule and pebble conglomerate; dark red-brown mottled yellow-green to gray green siltstone to f-grained silty sandstone; dark red-brown mottled yellow-brown granule and pebble arkosic sandy conglomerate

129-139 tan-gray, occasionally mottled yellow-brown, c-m and little m-f grained arkosic sandstone interlayered with granule and pebble conglomeritic sandstone; tan and gray, mottled yellow-gray, yellow-brown, and greenish-yellow, f-grained silty sandstone coarsening downward to m-f grained arkosic sandstone; yellow-gray mottled yellow-brown m-f grained arkosic sandstone

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139-149 pink-gray to tan gray, mottled yellow-brown arkosic sandstone interlayered with thin to medium bedded granule and pebble arkosic conglomeritic sandstone to sandy conglomerate; gray-green, mottled yellow-brown and dark red-brown siltstone and f-grained sandy siltstone

149-159 interlayered thin-bedded, tan-gray granule and pebble arkosic sandy conglomerate and very thin to thin irregular lenses of gray-green mudstone and dark red-brown siltstone and f-grained sandy siltstone. brown and yellow-brown, thin-bedded m-f grained arkosic sandstone; gray stained brown and yellow-brown, c-m grained arkosic sandstone; dark red-brown, mixed c-m grained arkosic sandstone and m-f grained sandy siltstone

159-169 dark red-brown sandy siltstone; gray to brown, c-m grained arkosic sandstone; dark red-brown to light tan, occasionally mottled yellow-green and gray-green interlayered siltstone, f-grained silty sandstone, and little m-f grained arkosic sandstone; tan-gray arkosic sandstone

169-179 gray to tan-gray m-f grained arkosic sandstone; dark red-brown, light tan, and gray-green, stained yellow-brown interlayered siltstone, f-grained sandy siltstone and little m-f grained silty sandstone and little gray-green claystone; gray green granule and pebble sandy conglomerate; gray-white to light gray f-grained sandstone coarsening downward to m-f grained arkosic sandstone

179-189 gray-white to light gray interlayered m-f grained and c-m grained arkosic sandstone; dark brown m-f grained to c-m grained arkosic sandstone

189-195 dark red-brown occasionally mottled gray-green, interlayered f-grained silty sandstone, f-grained arkosic sandstone, and minor lenses of m-f grained and c-f grained arkosic sandstone; dark red-brown to medium gray interlayered m-f grained and c-f grained arkosic sandstone

285 PE-002W 0-65 surficial material 65-70 light gray c-m grained arkosic sandstone, occasional quarts and lithic pebbles 70-75 light c-m grained arkosic sandstone 75-80 light gray c-m grained arkosic sandstone; quartz and lithic granule to pebble sandy conglomerate; 80-85 light gray c-m arkosic sandstone with occasional granule-size grains; dark red-brown m-f grained arkosic

sandstone with occasional granule-size grains 85-90 dark red-brown interlayered m-f grained arkosic sandstone, siltstone and mudstone; dark-brown m-f

grained arkosic sandstone 90-95 medium gray c-m arkosic sandstone with occasional granules and pebbles; yellow-brown c-m arkosic

sandstone; yellow-brown to brownish-gray arkosic sandstone 95-100 light brownish-gray c-m grained arkosic sandstone; light brownish-gray granule to pebble conglomerate

with quartz, feldspar and lithic grains 100-105 light brownish-grain c-m grained arkosic sandstone 105-110 light brownish-grain c-m arkosic sandstone, numerous quartz and feldspar granules; granule to pebble

conglomerate, quartz, feldspar and lithic granules 110-115 yellow-brown c-m grained arkosic sandstone; brownish-gray mottled yellow-brown granule to pebble

conglomerate, quartz, feldspar and lithic granules and pebbles 115-125 greenish-gray c-m arkosic sandstone, occasional granule to pebble-sized grain; light brownish-gray c-m

arkosic sandstone; purple-brown to gray-green interlayered laminated clayey siltstone and f-grained silty sandstone; brownish-gray c-m arkosic sandstone grading to granule-pebble conglomerate; greenish-gray to yellow-brown to dark brown-gray c-m grained arkosic sandstone

125-135 interlayered red-brown siltstone and light tan f-grained sandstone; interlayered light tan-gray m-g grained arkosic sandstone and light brown-gray c-m grained arkosic sandstone; yellow-brown silty m-f grained arkosic sandstone

135-149 dark red-brown f-grained silty sandstone, laminated to very thinly bedded; brown-gray c-m arkosic sandstone

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139-144 dark red-brown mottled dark grey and yellow-brown c-m grading down to m-f grained silty arkosic sandstone; dark red brown mottled gray green mudstone and f-grained silty sandstone, laminated two very thinly bedded; light brown-gray to dark red-brown mottled gray-green and yellow-brown m-f grained arkosic sandstone

144-154 dark red brown light tan gray and gray occasionally mottled yellow brown and green brown interbedded siltstone f-grained arkosic sandstone m-f grained arkosic sandstone c-f grained arkosic sandstone;

154-164 dark red-brown to dark brown f-grained arkosic silty sandstone; dark red-brown laminated clayey siltstone

164-174 dark red-brown, laminated to very thin bedded, interlayered m-f grained arkosic clayey sandstone, clayey siltstone and f-grained clayey sandstone; red-brown to light brownish-gray, occasionally mottled brownish-yellow, interlayered m-f grained and c-m grained arkosic sandstone in thin to medium-thick beds

174-179 red-brown occasionally mottled brownish-gray to brownish-yellow interlayered m-f grained c-m grained arkosic sandstone, in thin to medium-thick beds

179-189 dark brown occasionally mottled light greenish-gray c-m arkosic sandstone; granule and pebble conglomerate with quartz, feldspar and lithic grains; dark brown occasionally mottled light greenish-gray m-f grained arkosic sandstone; dark brown c-f arkosic sandstone grading downward to granule and pebble conglomerate

189-194 dark brown occasionally mottled light greenish-gray and brownish-yellow granule and pebble sandy conglomerate, quartz, feldspar and lithic grains

286 PE-225 0-60 surficial material 60-65 brown c-f arkosic sandstone, diffuse medium to very thin bedding 65-70 light-gray, yellow gray and reddish-brown siltstone coarsening downward to m-f grained with little c-f

grained arkosic siltstone; brown to light brown occasionally mottled yellow-tan, c-f grained arkosic sandstone

70-75 brown mottled greenish-gray m-grained arkosic sandstone, medium strong to weak, diffuse medium bedded

75-83 brown mottled yellow-tan, very thinly bedded f-grained sandstone, and c-m grained arkosic sandstone; brown mottled greenish gray c-m grained arkosic sandstone; brown m-f grained and c-m grained arkosic sandstone; brown mottled light gray c-m grained arkosic sandstone, coarsening downward to granule and pebble sandy conglomerate

83-93 dark brown and light gray interlayered m-grained and c-m grained arkosic sandstone with occasional pebbles to 15mm size; granule and pebble sandy conglomerate, quartz, feldspar and lithic grains to 50 mm size

93-99 brown and light brown laminated to very thin bedded f-grained and m-grained arkosic sandstone; brown and dark gray, occasionally mottled light gray, c-m arkosic sandstone

99-104 dark red-brown f-grained silty sandstone and light reddish-gray f-grained sandstone; dark red-brown mottled greenish-gray interlayered f-grained silty sandstone and siltstone

104-114 dark red-brown, f-grained silty sandstone; mixed red-brown f-grained silty sandstone and light gray mottled yellow-tan m-f grained sandstone; light gray to green gray mottled yellow-tan m-f grained sandstone; dark red-brown f-grained silty sandstone mixed with gray m-f grained sandstone

114-122 green-gray mottled red-brown c-f grained arkosic sandstone and granule and pebble conglomerate, lithic pebbles up to 25mm size; layered dark red-brown mottled greenish gray c-f grained arkosic sandstone

122-124 dark red-brown layered c-f grained and m-f grained arkosic sandstone 124-134 interlayered dark red-brown and light gray f-grained silty sandstone and m-f grained sandstone; dark

brown and light gray m-f grained arkosic sandstone

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134-139 dark brown mottled light gray layered m-f grained and c-f grained arkosic sandstone; dark red-brown laminated siltstone, mudstone, and f-grained silty sandstone

139-146 dark red-brown laminated siltstone, mudstone, and f-grained silty sandstone; dark red-brown interbedded m-f grained and c-f grained arkosic sandstone, with siltstone and f-grained silty sandstone

146-147 dark red-brown m-f grained arkosic sandstone; dark red-brown, f-grained sandy clay and silt, residual soil

147-156 dark red-brown f-grained silty sandstone; dark red-brown clayey sand to sandy clay, residual soil; light tan thin-bedded, m-f grained c-f grained arkosic sandstone with brown, very thin-bedded silty sandstone; light gray m-f grained and c-f grained arkosic sandstone and red-brown silty clay and clayey sand; tan and brown, thin-bedded, m-f grained arkosic sandstone

156-165 interlayered brown, light gray and dark red-brown m-f grained and c-f grained arkosic sandstone, grayish-white f-grained sandstone, and little red-brown f-grained silty sandstone

287 PE-093 0-37 surficial material 37-42 dark brown, c-f grained, arkosic sandstone 42-48 reddish-brown, f-grained sandstone, occasionally interbedded with red-brown siltstone and shale 48-50 red-brown f-grained sandstone interbedded with siltstone 50-55 red-brown, f-grained, sandstone, siltstone and shale, mostly indistinct bedding, occasional laminations

and very thin lenses of light greenish-gray shale; light gray quartz-rich, c-f grained sandstone 55-65 light reddish-gray to red-brown c-f grained arkosic sandstone; granule to pebble conglomeritic sandstone;

red-brown, thinly bedded, interlayered siltstone and f-grained sandstone 65-75 red-brown, thinly bedded siltstone and interbedded f-grained sandstone; light pinkish-gray-white, thin to

medium bedded f-grained and m-f grained sandstone interlayered with red-brown c-f grained arkosic sandstone

75-85 red-brown and light gray interlayered siltstone and f-grained sandstone; red-brown and light gray interlayered f-grained, m-f grained and c-m grained arkosic sandstone

85-95 red-brown, m-f grained grading downward to c-m grained arkosic sandstone; red-brown and light gray interlayered siltstone, shale, m-f grained and c-f grained arkosic sandstone

95-105 interbedded light reddish-gray to dark red-brown m-f grained and c-m grained arkosic sandstone very thin to medium-thick gradational bedding coarsening downwards, except conglomeritic arkosic sandstone; dark red-brown siltstone

105-115 dark red-brown and light gray interbedded m-f grained and c-m grained arkosic sandstone and conglomeritic arkosic sandstone

115-123 dark red-brown, interbedded c-m grained and m-f grained arkosic sandstone with f-grained silty sandstone; light tan-gray m-f grained sandstone

123-133 red-brown and light gray thick bedded c-m grained arkosic sandstone interlayered with thin bedded m-f grained sandstone

133-142 dark brown and light gray interbedded c-m grained and m-f grained arkosic sandstone; conglomeritic arkosic sandstone; red-brown f-grained silty sandstone

142-144 red-brown, f-grained sandy siltstone and shale 144-154 red-brown to light gray coarsening downward from f-grained sandy siltstone to silty arkosic sandstone to

arkosic sandstone; dark red-brown interbedded m-f grained and c-m grained arkosic sandstone; granule and pebble conglomeritic arkosic sandstone; arkosic sandstone as above, interlayered with very thin bedded, light yellowish to pinkish gray, c-m grained quartz sandstone

154-165 dark red-brown and light greenish gray, interbedded m-grained and c-m grained arkosic sandstone, granule and pebble conglomeritic arkosic sandstone, with quartz, feldspar and lithic grains; dark red-brown m-f grained arkosic sandstone

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288 PE-094 0-47 surficial material 47-52 dark brown c-f grained sandstone 52-56 red brown f-grained silty sandstone (?); white and light gray f-grained quartz sandstone; 56-61 light reddish gray to light reddish-brown m-f grained arkosic sandstone; layered red-brown and light gray

c-f arkosic sandstone; granule to pebble sandy conglomerate, dark red-brown clayey siltstone to f-grained silty sandstone; mixed dark red-brown f-grained silty sandstone and light gray f-grained sandstone; light gray f-grained grading downward to m-f grained subarkosic sandstone;

61-70 layered red-brown and light gray c-f arkosic sandstone; dark red-brown clayey siltstone and f-grained silty sandstone; mixed dark red-brown f-grained silty sandstone and light gray f-grained sandstone; light gray f-grained grading downward to m-f grained subarkosic sandstone, occasional lithic pebbles

70-80 light brownish gray to dark brown c-f arkosic sandstone; quartz lithic granule to pebble sandy conglomerate;

80-89 dark brown interlayered, thin to medium bedded c-f grained arkosic sandstone and very thin bedded m-f grained arkosic sandstone; quartz and lithic granule to pebble conglomeritic sandstone; dark purplish-brown f-grained sandy siltstone; layered light pinkish-gray and dark brown m-f grained and c-f grained arkosic sandstone; quartz and lithic granule to pebble conglomerate sandstone;

89-99 interlayered c-f arkosic sandstone; red-brown siltstone and interlayered very thin lenses of m-f grained arkosic sandstone; interlayered light greenish-gray, brownish-red and dark brown, thick bedded, c-f grained arkosic sandstone

99-108 layered dark brown and light gray c-m arkosic conglomeritic sandstone; red-brown laminated siltstone and f-grained silty sandstone; light reddish tan to reddish brown m-f grained grading to c-f grained arkosic sandstone; dark red-brown f-grained grading to m-f grained silty sandstone

108-118 medium red-brown to dark red-brown c-m grained arkosic sandstone light gray-green mudstone; red-brown f-grained arkosic sandstone, light gray m-f grained quartz sandstone grading downward to red-brown m-f grained arkosic sandstone

118-128 dark reddish-brown to light gray-green c-m grained arkosic sandstone; dark red-brown siltstone interlayered with f-grained silty sandstone, red-brown mudstone; interlayered light greenish-gray and red-brown m-f grained sandstone, gray-green f-grained clayey sandstone, light gray f-grained clayey sandstone;

128-138 red-brown interlayered c-f grained arkosic sandstone and f-grained mudstone; red-brown to light gray-green f-grained silty sandstone, light brownish-gray c-f grained arkosic sandstone

138-148 light brown to dark brown, occasionally mottled light gray-green c-f grained arkosic sandstone; mottled light gray-green and dark red brown m-f grained arkosic silty sandstone;

148-154 mottled light gray-green and dark red-brown m-f grained arkosic silty sandstone, red, occasionally mottled light gray c-f grained arkosic sandstone; red and light gray quartz and lithic granule to pebble conglomerate;

154-164 interlayered light greenish-gray, dark red-brown and red c-m grained arkosic sandstone; light gray-green quartz and lithic granule to pebble sandy conglomerate

164-173 light gray c-m grained subarkosic conglomeritic sandstone, light gray m-f grained quartz sandstone, light greenish-gray c-f grained arkosic sandstone, dark red-brown m-f grained arkosic sandstone mixed with silty sandstone

173-178 light greenish gray to medium red-gray c-f grained arkosic sandstone, mottled dark red, dark green and tan m-f grained arkosic sandstone

290 PE-095 0-165 surficial material 165-170 f-grained siltstone

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170-176 dark reddish-gray, mottled dark gray-green sandstone, occasionally coarse sand and granule-size angular lithic clasts; mottled reddish-brown and light quartz and lithic pebble conglomerate with dark gray-green, m-f grained silty sandstone matrix

176-186 quartz and lithic pebble conglomerate, red brecciated siltstone 291 PE-096 0-151 surficial material 151-156 dark brown and light gray c-f grained arkosic sandstone 156-166 dark red-brown c-m grained arkosic sandstone, dark re-brown siltstone and mudstone, light gray to

medium brown-gray m-f grained arkosic sandstone, dark brown c-m grained arkosic sandstone, arkosic sandy granule conglomerate, brown c-f grained arkosic sandstone, arkosic granule conglomerate

292 PE-228 0-108 surficial material 108-113 dark reddish-brown m-f grained arkosic sandstone grading down to c-f grained arkosic sandstone; dark

reddish-brown m-f grained arkosic sandstone 113-118 dark reddish-brown m-f grained arkosic sandstone; dark reddish-brown mottled greenish-gray c-f grained

arkosic sandstone, coarsening downward to granule and pebble sandy conglomerate; dark reddish-brown m-f grained arkosic sandstone

118-123 dark reddish brown mottled greenish gray granule and pebble sandy conglomerate, coarsening downward to granule and pebble conglomerate; dark reddish-brown occasionally mottled yellowish-tan, layered m-f and c-f grained arkosic sandstone

123-128 dark red-brown interlayered f-grained and m-f grained arkosic sandstone; light tan m-f grained arkosic sandstone coarsening downward to c-f grained arkosic sandstone

Boring log for Lincoln Tunnel in NJGWS permanent note dated 1/30/1935 on file at NJGWS office

293 114 Lincoln Tunnel

0-7.5 clay, sand and gravel 7.5-15 sand, gravel and crushed rock 15-76.5 coarse, badly broken trap rock 76.5-85.5 broken trap rock 85.5-100.5 broken trap and disintegrated rock 100.5-105.5 disintegrated rock 105.5-109.5 sandstone and fault gouge 109.5-114.5 broken shale and sandstone 114.5-133.5 crushed sandstone 133.5-144.5 coarse sandstone Abbreviated boring logs from Langan for Reconstruction of Roadway Platforms on Sinatra Drive North http://www.nj.gov/dep/floodresilience/docs/rbdh-feis/attachment-5-cultural-resources-technical-environmental-study-vol-2a-rbd-hr-feis.pdf Well number is bolded; B number is project well identifier 294 B-5 1-55 surficial material 55-60 pink and white sandstone 60-65 pink and white sandstone

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295 B-1 1-55 surficial material 55-60 white sandstone 60-65 white/pink sandstone Note: in well descriptions v = very, f = fine, m = medium, c = coarse, lt = light, v = very, dk = dark


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