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Department of Politics, Princeton University
Comparative Politics
2010
General Examination Reading List
The general examination in comparative politics is based on a shared reading list. The
purpose of the list is to help identify the most important topic areas and theoretical debates in
comparative politics and provide a very basic “toolbox,” a repertoire of important intellectual
strategies. The list reflects the plurality of perspectives in the field. It is not meant to be
exhaustive. There are many good books and articles not on the list, of course, and we expect
students to take courses and read more broadly in the themes on which they focus. It is
thoroughly appropriate to mention these additional sources in answer to a general question, in
addition to showing familiarity with the ideas represented here.
To prepare for the exam, those for whom comparative politics is a major field should acquaint
themselves with “Paradigms & Research Methods” as well as four of the other six major sections.
(That is, each student may omit two of the major sections and still be adequately prepared.) It is worth
remembering that in real life/scholarship, as in the exam, most problems require integration of ideas
across sections. Many works cited in one section could easily have been listed under multiple sections on
this reading list.
To be “conversant” with the material means demonstrating the ability to compare and contrast
alternative plausible explanations/theories in answer to some of the important questions in the sub-field.
The format of the exam is similar to discussion papers in the gateway seminar, Politics 521. Central to
success are 1) capacity to identify and use theories relevant to the question posed, 2) specificity, including
ability to recount the “story line” that links causes to effects, and 3) originality. “Originality” may mean
many things, including demonstrated ability to integrate disparate material, to use explanations to help
understand a new problem (including your own research interests), or to extend and revise explanations in
the literature.
Graduate students have the option to take one of their additional examinations in the politics of a
region in which they will specialize. The reading lists for these exams are developed by faculty members
in the area of interest in conjunction with the student.
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CONTENTS
SECTION I: PARADIGMS & RESEARCH METHODS 5
I.A) Theory, Concepts, Measurement 5
I.B) Theory-Building Strategies or Paradigms 5
I.C) Research Design and Data Collection 6
I.D) Selected Special Issues in Theory and Research Design 7
I.E) Area Studies and the Discipline 8
SECTION II : STATES & REGIMES 9
II.A) State Formation 9
II.B) Theories of Political Development 10
II.C) Political Regimes and Democratization 11
SECTION III: INSTITUTIONS 14
III.A) Executives, Assemblies, and Courts 14
III. B) Unitary Government, Federalism, & Decentralization 16
III. C) Bureaucracy 17
SECTION IV : PARTICIPATION, COLLECTIVE ACTION, AND CONTENTIOUS POLITICS 18
IV.A) Rebellion, Revolution, and Violence 18
IV. B) Participation, Collective Action & Social Movements 20
IV.C) Interest Groups and Interest Intermediation 22
SECTION V: ELECTORAL POLITICS 23
V.A) Electoral Systems & Representation 23
V.B) Voting & Party Systems 25
SECTION VI: POLITICAL CULTURE AND IDENTITY/ETHNIC POLITICS 27
VI.A) Political Culture 27
VI.B) Ethnicity, Identity Politics and Nationalism 29
4
SECTION VII. POLITICAL ECONOMY 32
VII.A) Introduction to Political Economy (read as a preface to the subsequent sections) 32
VII.B) Political Economy of Advanced Industrial Societies 33
VII.C) Political Economy of Development 37
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Section I: Paradigms & Research Methods
I.A) Theory, Concepts, Measurement
John Stuart Mill. “How We Compare,” in A System of Logic, Book VI, chapter
10, New York: Harper, 1846.
Arthur L. Stinchcombe. “The Logic of Scientific Inference” from Constructing
Social Theories. Harcourt, Brace & World, Inc. New York, pp. 15-38.
Adam Przeworski and Henry Teune. “Comparative Research and Social Science
Theory” from The Logic of Comparative Social Inquiry. New York: Wiley
Scientific, 1970, pp. 17-30.
Jon Elster. Nuts and Bolts for the Social Sciences. (Some students have indicated that
they find Daniel Little, Microfoundations, Method, and Causation more useful.)
Giovanni Sartori, “Concept Misformation in Comparative Politics,” APSR, 64:4:
1033-53.
Charles Judd, Eliot Smith, and Louise Kidder, “Maximizing Construct Validity” and
“Measurement: From Abstract Concepts to Concrete Representations,” in
Research Methods in Social Research.
Robert Adcock and David Collier. "Measurement Validity: A Shared Standard for
Qualitative and Quantitative Research." American Political Science Review 95,
no. 3 (2001): 529-47.
I.B) Theory-Building Strategies or Paradigms
Gabriel Almond. “Introduction: A Functional Approach to Comparative Politics,” in
Almond and Coleman, The Politics of Developing Areas.
Gabriel Almond, “The Development of Political Development,” in Myron Weiner and
Samuel Huntington, eds., Understanding Political Development, 1987, pp. 437-
478.
Robert Bates. “Macropolitical Economy in the Field of Development,” from James
Alt and Kenneth Shepsle, Perspectives on Positive Political Economy
Graham Allison, “Conceptual Models and the Cuban Missile Crisis,” American Political Science
Review, 63, 3 (1969): 689-718.
Kenneth A. Shepsle, "Studying Institutions: Some Lessons from the Rational Choice Approach,"
Journal of Theoretical Politics 1, 2 (April 1989), 131-147.
Kenneth Shepsle. “Statistical Political Philosophy and Positive Political Theory,”
From Jeffrey Friedman, ed., The Rational Choice Controversy.
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Donald Green and Ian Shapiro, Pathologies of Rational Choice, chapter 5.
Theda Skocpol and Margaret Somers, “The Uses of Comparative History in Macrosocial
Inquiry,” Comparative Studies in Society and History, 22, 2 (April 1980): 174-
197.
Sven Steinmo, Kathleen Thelen, and Frank Longstreth, eds., Structuring Politics: Historical
Institutionalism in Comparative Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
1992, ch. 1.
Peter Hall and Rosemary Taylor. “Political Science and the Three New
Institutionalisms,” Political Studies 44 (December 1996): 936-958.
Louis Mink, “The Autonomy of Historical Understanding,” History and Theory 5: 30-47 or
another selection that explains the difference between historical reasoning and social
science reasoning.
Albert O. Hirschman, “Paradigms as a Hindrance to Understanding,” World Politics, 22,
3 (1970): 329-343.
I.C) Research Design and Data Collection
Adam Przeworski and Henry Teune. “Research Designs,” from The Logic of
Comparative Social Inquiry. New York: Wiley Scientific, 1970, pp. 31-47.
Earl Babbie, “Types of Study Design,” from Survey Research Methods or for a more
sustained and interesting discussion see Donald T. Campbell and Julian Stanley,
Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research, Houghton Mifflin,
first published 1963 and reissued as a reprint recently or Stephen van Evera.
Guide to Methods for Students of Political Science, Ithaca: Cornell University
Press, 1997.
Evan S. Lieberman, "Nested Analysis as a Mixed-Method Strategy for Comparative
Research," American Political Science Review 99 (August 2005), 435-452
John Gerring. Social Science Methodology: A Criterial Framework. Cambridge ; New
York: Cambridge University Press.
Donald Campbell & J.C. Stanley. 1966. Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs
for Research. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., pp.5-27; 31-4.
Gaines, BJ, JH Kuklinski, and PJ Quirk. 2007. "The logic of the survey experiment
reexamined." Political Analysis 15 (1):1-20.
Earl Babbie, Survey Research Methods, chapters 3,4,5.
Alexander L. George and Andrew Bennett. Case Studies and Theory Development
In the Social Sciences. Cambridge: MIT Press, 2005, at least chapter 1, Part II,
and chapter 8.
Clifford Geertz. “Thick Description: Toward an Interpretive Theory of Culture,” in
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Geertz, The Interpretation of Cultures. New York: Basic Books: 3-30.
Elisabeth Jean Wood. 2007. "Field Research." In The Oxford handbook of comparative
politics, ed. C. Boix and S. C. Stokes. Oxford ; New York: Oxford University
Press.
Lustick, Ian S. "History, Historiography, and Political Science: Multiple Historical
Records and the Problem of Selection Bias." American Political Science Review
90, no. 3 (1996): 605-18.
I.D) Selected Special Issues in Theory and Research Design
a. Endogeneity and Path Dependence
Paul Pierson. “Increasing Returns, Path Dependence, and the Study of Politics,”
American Political Science Review, 94, 2 (June 2000).
Ruth Berins Collier and David Collier. Shaping the Political Arena. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, chapter one on critical junctures.
Gary King, Robert Keohane, and Sidney Verba. Designing Social Inquiry, pp. 185-196.
b. Case selection and selection bias
Barbara Geddes, “How the Cases You Choose Affect the Answers You Get: Selection
Bias in Comparative Politics,” in Political Analysis, edited by James Stimson,
v. 2 Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1990: 131-149. (optional)
Gary King, Robert Keohane and Sidney Verba, Designing Social Inquiry. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, pp. 129-132.
David Collier, James Mahoney, and Jason Seawright. “Claiming Too Much: Warnings
About Selection Bias,” in Henry Brady and David Collier, eds., Rethinking
Social Inquiry. Oxford: Rowman & Littlefield, 2004, pp. 85-86, 88-92, 94-5,
100-101.
c. Analytic Narratives
Robert Bates, et. al. Analytic Narratives. Princeton: Princeton University Press, chapter
One and conclusion plus Jon Elster, “Rational Choice History: A Case of
Excessive Ambition,” American Political Science Review, 94,3 (Sept. 2000),
Bates et. al. reply in same and/or Daniel Carpenter, “Commentary: What is the
Marginal value of Analytic Narratives?” Social Science History, 24, 4 (winter
2000).
d. Counter-factuals
James Fearon, “Counterfactuals and Hypothesis Testing in Political Science,” World
Politics
e. Comparative Method
David Collier, “Comparative Politics and Comparative Method,” in Dankwart
Rustow and Kenneth Paul Erickson, eds., Comparative Political Dynamics
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Gary King, Robert Keohane and Sidney Verba, Designing Social Inquiry. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 1994, chapters 1-3 especially plus “Symposium on
Qualitative-Quantitative Disputation” (reviews of KKV) American Political
Science Review, June 1995.
Charles Ragin. The Comparative Method: Moving Beyond Qualitative and
Quantitative Strategies, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987.
I.E) Area Studies and the Discipline
Robert H. Bates, “Area Studies and the Discipline: A Useful Controversy?” PS: Political
Science and Politics, pp. 166-169.
Peter A. Hall and Sidney Tarrow, “Globalization and Area Studies: When Is Too
Broad Too Narrow?” Chronicle of Higher Education, January 23, 1998, B5.
Atul Kohli, et. al., “The Role of Theory in Comparative Politics: A Symposium, World Politics,
October 1995, pp. 1-15, 37-49.
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Section II : States & Regimes
II.A) State Formation
A Useful Metaphor?
Charles Tilly, “War Making and State Making as Organized Crime, “in Bringing the
State Back In
Mancur Olson. “The Criminal Metaphor,” from Power and Prosperity. NY: Basic Books, 2000,
pp. 3-24.
Theories of State Formation
Charles Tilly. The Formation of National States in Western Europe. (read enough to get the
basic ideas)
Hendrick Spruyt. The Sovereign State and Its Competitors. Princeton: Princeton University
Press, 1994.
Charles Tilly. Coercion, Capital, and the European States. Cambridge: Blackwell, 1990,
pp. 1-3, 16-23, 25-26, 28-32, 71-75, 94-95, 99-103, 187-191.
Stephen Krasner. Sovereignty. Princeton: Princeton University Press, chapters 1 and 2 or the
argument’s earlier manifestation in Stephen Krasner. “Approaches to the State:
Alternative Conceptions and Historical Dynamics,” Comparative Politics, 16, January
1984: 223-246.
Albert Hirschman, “Exit, Voice, and the State,” World Politics, 31, 1 (1978): 90-107.
Levi, Margaret. 1988. Of Rule and Revenue. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Weak States
Joel Migdal. “Strong States, Weak States,” in Myron Weiner and Samuel Huntington,
Understanding Political Development. Illinois: Scott Foresman/Little Brown, 1987.
Robert Jackman and Carl Rosberg, “Why Africa’s Weak States Persist: The Empirical and the
Juridical in Statehood,” World Politics, 1982: 1-24.
Jeffrey Herbst. States and Power in Africa. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2000.
The “Resource Curse”
Michael Ross, “Does Oil Hinder Democracy?” World Politics, April 2001. (Do states
that fund government through resource windfalls behave differently from
other states? Look for the rentier state argument summarized in this article.)
Macartan Humphreys, “Natural Resources, Conflict, and Conflict Resolution:
Uncovering the Mechanisms,” Journal of Conflict Resolution, 49, 4 (2005): 508-
537.
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II.B) Theories of Political Development
Modernization Theory
Daniel Lerner. The Passing of Traditional Society. Glencoe, Ill.: Free Press, 1958, chapter 1.
Karl Deutsch, “Social Mobilization and Political Development,” in Jason Finkle and Richard
Gable, eds., Political Development and Social Change, 1971, pp. 384-401.
Seymour Martin Lipset. Political Man: The Social Bases of Politics. Garden City, N.Y.:
Doubleday, 1960, chapter 2.
Alex Inkeles, “The Modernization of Man,” in Myron Weiner, ed., Modernization, New York:
Basic Books, 1966: 138-150.
Ronald Inglehart. Modernization and Postmodernization. Princeton: Princeton
University Press, 1997…skim for main points. A contemporary version of
modernization theory? Or Ronald Inglehart and Wayne Baker. “Modernization,
Globalization, and the Persistence of Tradition: Empirical Evidence from 65
Societies,” American Sociological Review, 65 (2000): 19-51.
Critics Part 1: Institutionalization & order…
Samuel Huntington. Political Order in Changing Societies, 1968, pp. 1-92 and 344-461.
Samuel P. Huntington and Joan M. Nelson. No Easy Choice: Political Participation in
Developing Countries. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1976.
Critics Part 2: Marx and His Successors: Marxism and Dependency Theory as Alternative Theories of
Political Development
Karl Marx. The Communist Manifesto or some other version of Marx’s argument.
J. Samuel Valenzuela and Arturo Valenzuela, “Modernization and Dependency: Alternative
Perspectives in the Study of Latin American Underdevelopment,” Comparative Politics,
10, 4 (July 1978): 535-552.
Fernando Henrique Cardozo and Enzo Faletto, Dependency and Development in Latin America,
University of California Press, 1979, pp. viii-xxv, 177-216.
Andre Gunder Frank, “The Development of Underdevelopment,” in The Political Economy of
Development and Underdevelopment, 109-120.
Thomas Bierstecker. Distortion or Development? Cambridge: MIT Press, 1978 (chapter 1 and
summary charts…an effort to phrase dependency theory as a series of empirically testable
hypotheses)
Tony Smith, “The Underdevelopment of Development Literature: The Case of Dependency
Theory,” World Politics 31 (January 1979): 247-288.
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II.C) Political Regimes and Democratization
Regimes
Aristotle, from The Politics. Book 4, iv, x, xii and Book 5 vi.
Robert Dahl. Polyarchy: Participation and Opposition. New Haven: Yale University Press,
1971.
Carl Friedrich and Zbigniew Brzezinski. Totalitarian Dictatorship and Autocracy. (1965), pp.
14-29.
Samuel Huntington, “Social and Institutional Dynamics of One-Party Systems,” in S. P
Huntington and C. H. Moore, ed., Authoritarian Politics in Modern Society (1970): 3-44.
Alfred Stepan. Rethinking Military Politics. (There is an extensive literature on military coups,
much of which is not reflected here)
Joseph Schumpeter. Capitalism, Socialism, & Democracy. New York: Harper &
Brothers, 1947
Democratization
Seymour Martin Lipset. “Some Social Requisites of Democracy,” American Political Science
Review, 1959.
Barrington Moore. Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy. 1968 (see also or as a
reader’s guide: Theda Skocpol, “A Critical Review of Barrington Moore’s Social
Politics and Society, fall 1973)
Dietrich Rueschemeyer, Evelyne Huber Stephens, and John Stephens. Capitalist Development
and Democracy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992, chapters 1, 2, and 3.
Guillermo O’Donnell and Philippe C. Schmitter, Transitions from Authoritarian Rule:
Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Democracies. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins
University Press, 1986.
Samuel Huntington. The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century.
Norman, Okla.: University of Oklahoma Press, 1991, pp. xiii-xv, chapters 1-4.*
Robert Bates, “The Impulse to Reform,” in Jennifer Widner, ed., Economic Change and
Political Liberalization in Sub-Saharan Africa. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins
University Press, 1994.
Eva Bellin. “The Robustness of Authoritarianism in the Middle East: A Comparative
Perspective,” Comparative Politics, 36, 2 (2004): 139-157.
Dankwart Rustow, “Transitions to Democracy,” Comparative Politics, 2:3 (1970), 337-
63.
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E.E., Schattschneider, The Semi-Sovereign People. Hinsdale, IL: Dreyden Press, 1960.
Daniel Brinks, and M Coppedge. 2006. "Diffusion is no illusion: Neighbor emulation in
the third wave of democracy." Comparative Political Studies 39 (4):463-89.
Adam Przeworski et. al. Democracy and Development. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 2000.
Carles Boix and Susan Stokes, “Endogenous Democratization,” World Politics,
58, 4 (July 2003): 517-549.
Carles Boix, Democracy and Redistribution. New York: Cambridge University Press,
2003.
Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson. 2006. Economic origins of dictatorship and
democracy: Cambridge Univ Pr.
Valerie Bunce. 2000. "Comparative democratization." Comparative Political Studies 33
(6-7):703-34.
John Londregan. “Does High Income Promote Democracy?” World Politics, 49, 1
(1996): 1-30 (with Keith Poole)
Jennifer Widner. “Political Reform in Anglophone and Francophone African Countries,” in
Jennifer Widner, ed., Economic Change and Political Liberalization in Sub-Saharan
Africa. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994, pp. 49-79.
Deborah Yashar. Demanding Democracy: Reform and Reaction in Costa Rica and Guatemala.
Stanford University Press, 1997.
Consolidation and Democratic Breakdown
Juan J. Linz and Alfred Stepan. Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation:
Southern Europe, South America, and Post-Communist Europe. Baltimore:
Johns Hopkins Press, 1996. pp. 1-65. A short version of some of the main claims
appears in “Toward Consolidation,” Journal of Democracy, 7, 2 (1996): 14-33.
Larry Diamond. Developing Democracy: Toward Consolidation. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins
University Press, 1999, chapters 3-6.
Nancy Bermeo. Ordinary People in Extraordinary Times: The Citizenry and the Breakdown of
Democracy. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2003.
13
Ellen Lust-Okar and Amaney Jamal. “Regimes and Rules: Reassessing the Influence of Regime
Type on Electoral Law Formation,” Comparative Political Studies, 35, 3 (2002).
Dictatorships/Authoritarian Regimes
Myerson, Roger. 2008. “The Autocrat's Credibility Problem and Foundations of the
Constitutional State,” American Political Science Review 102 (February): 125-
139. Pages 133-137 only.
Kuran, Timur. 1991. “Now Out of Never: The Element of Surprise in the East European
Revolution of 1989 (in Liberalization and Democratization in the Soviet Union
and Eastern Europe),” World Politics 44 (October): 7-48.
Lisa Wedeen. 1999. Ambiguities of Domination : Politics, Rhetoric, and Symbols in
Contemporary Syria. University of Chicago Press. (*)
Wintrobe, Ronald. 1990. “The Tinpot and the Totalitarian: An Economic Theory of
Dictatorship,” American Political Science Review 84 (September): 849-872.
Magaloni, Beatriz. 2006. Voting for Autocracy: Hegemonic Party Survival and its Demise in
Mexico. New York: Cambridge University Press. Introduction and chapter 1.
Jones, Benjamin F. and Olken, Benjamin A. 2006. “Do leaders matter? National leadership and
growth since World War II,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 120(3): 835–864.
Levitsky, S, and LA Way. 2002. "The rise of competitive authoritarianism." Journal of
Democracy 13 (2):51-65.
Accountability
Herbert Kitschelt & Steven I. Wilkinson. 2007. Patrons, Clients and Policies: Patterns of
Democratic Accountability and Political Competition. New York: Cambridge
University Press. Chapters 1 and 14.
Susan C. Stokes. 2005. “Perverse Accountability: A Formal Model of Machine Politics with
Evidence from Argentina,” American Political Science Review 99 (August): 315-
325.
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Section III: Institutions
III.A) Executives, Assemblies, and Courts
The Federalist Papers.
Executives and assemblies
Juan J. Linz, “Presidential or Parliamentary Democracy: Does it Make a Difference?”
from The Failure of Presidential Democracy. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins
University Press, pp. 3-48 (essay is longer but focus on this section).
Stepan and Skach. “Constitutional Frameworks and Democratic Consolidation:
Presidentialism versus Parliamentarism,” World Politics, 46 October 1993.
Matthew Shugart and John Carey. Presidents and Assemblies. Cambridge University
Press.
Michael Laver and Kenneth Shepsle. “Government Accountability in Parliamentary
Democracy,” in Democracy, Accountability, and Representation. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 1999: 279-96.
Kaare Strom. “Delegation and Accountability in Parliamentary Democracies,” European
Journal of Political Research, 37 (2000): 261-89.
Matthew Soberg Shugart and Stephan Haggard. “Institutions and Public Policy
In Presidential Systems,” from Stephan Haggard and Mathew McCubbins, eds.,
Presidents, Parliaments, and Policy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
pp. 64-102.
George Tsebelis, “Decision Making in Political Systems: Veto Players in Presidentialism,
Parliamentarism, Multicameralism and Multipartism,” British Journal of Political
Science 25, 3 (July 1995), 289-325.
Kenneth Shepsle and Barry Weingast (1987) "The Institutional Foundations of Committee
Power" American Political Science Review 81:85-104
John Londregan. Legislative Institutions and Ideology in Chile.
Courts
John Ferejohn and Pasquale Pasquino. “The Rule of Democracy and the Rule of Law,” in
Jose Maria Maravall and Adam Przeworski, eds., Democracy and the Rule of Law.
Cambridge, 2003.
Jennifer Widner, Building the Rule of Law. New York: W.W. Norton, 2001.
Owen Fiss, “The Right Degree of Independence,” from Irwin Stotsky, The Transition to
Democracy in Latin America: The Role of the Judiciary
15
Gretchen Helmke. 2002. "The Logic of Strategic Defection: Court-Executive Relations in
Argentina Under Dictatorship and Democracy." American Political Science Review 96 (02):291-
303.
William Landes and Richard Posner, The Independent Judiciary in an Interest Group
Perspective,” Journal of Law and Economics, 18, 3 (1975): 875-901.
Mark Ramseyer and Eric Rasmusen. “Why are Japanese Judges So Conservative in Politically
Charged Cases?” American Political Science Review, 95, 2 (June 2001): 331-44.
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III. B) Unitary Government, Federalism, & Decentralization
A classic and a commentary
Alexis de Tocqueville. Democracy in America. author’s introduction, vol. 1 part 1
chapters 5-6 and last 3 sections of 8; vol. 1 part 2 chapter 6 sections 4-3; vol. 2
part 2 chapters 1-13; vol. 2 part 3 chapters 1-4, 13-14, 19.
Jon Elster, “Consequences of Constitutional Choice: Reflections on Tocqueville,” pp.
81-99 in Jon Elster and Rune Slagstad, eds., Constitutionalism and Democracy.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.
Federalism & Decentralization
James Madison. The Federalist Papers, 10 and 51.
William Riker, Federalism: Origin, Operation, Significance. Boston: Little, Brown,
1964, chapters 1 and 2.
Jonathan Rodden. “Comparative Federalism and Decentralization: On Meaning and
Measurement,” Comparative Politics. 36, 4 (2004). (skim if time)
Alfred Stepan. “Toward a New Comparative Politics of Federalism, (Multi)Nationalism,
and Democracy: Beyond Rikerian Federalism,” pp. 315-361 in Arguing
Comparative Politics. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.
Jenna Bednar, William N. Eskridge, Jr., and John Ferejohn, “A Political Theory of
Federalism,” Constitutional Culture and Democratic Rule, edited by John
Ferejohn, John Riley, and Jack N. Rakove. New York: Cambridge University
Press, 223-267.
Jonathan Rodden and Erik Wibbels. “Beyond the Fiction of Federalism: Macroeconomic
Management in Multitiered Systems,” World Politics,
54, 4 (2002).
Majoritarian v. Consensual Combinations
Kenneth McRae, ed. Consociational Democracy: Political Accommodation in Segmented
Societies Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1974, pp. 2-27, 70-106, and 137-149.
Arend Lijphart. Patterns of Democracy: Government Forms and Performance in
Thirty-Six Countries. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1999, chapters 1-3
and as many of the subsequent chapters as required to distill the main findings
and limitations.
17
III. C) Bureaucracy
Origins and Logics
Max Weber, “Bureaucracy,” in Gerth & Mills, eds., Essays from Max Weber and Reinhard
Bendix, Max Weber, pp. 285-307 and 324-457.
Oliver Williamson, “Markets and Hierarchies: Some Preliminary Considerations,” American
Economic Review, 63 (1973): 316-325.
Charles Lindblom. Politics and Markets. New York: Basic Books, 1977, 3-89, 161-200.
James Q. Wilson. Bureaucracy.
Variations in Form
Silberman. Cages of Reason. As much as necessary to get the argument.
Stephen Skowronek. Building a New American State. Chapters 1-4, 6, and 7.
Bureaucratic Accountability and Autonomy
Terry Moe. “The New Economics of Organization,” American Journal of Political Science, 28
(1984): 739-777.
Mat McCubbins, Roger Noll, and Barry Weingast, “Administrative Procedures as Instruments
of Political Control,” Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization (1990).
William Niskanen. Bureaucracy and Representative Government.
World Bank. World Development Report 2004. Delivering Services to the Poor.
Daniel Carpenter. The Forging of Bureaucratic Autonomy. Princeton; Princeton University
Press, 2001, pp. 1-47, 326-367, and either the USDA example or the post office example.
John Huber and Charles Shipan, Deliberate Discretion: The Institutional Foundations of
Bureaucratic Autonomy. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003, chapters 1,2,
and 4.
Ezra Suleiman. Dismantling Democratic States.
18
Section IV : Participation, Collective Action, and Contentious Politics
IV.A) Rebellion, Revolution, and Violence
(see also, section on ethnic violence)
Types & Trends
Charles Tilly, The Politics of Collective Violence. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press, 2003, chapters 1, 3, and 10 (you may find it useful to read more).
Rebellion and Civil War
James Fearon and David Laitin. 2003. “Ethnicity, Insurgency, and Civil War,” American Political
Science Review 97 (February): 75-90.
Carles Boix. 2008. “Economic Roots of Civil Wars and Revolutions in the Contemporary World,”
World Politics 60 (April): 390-437. Only pages 390-393 & 401-433.
Stathis Kalyvas. The Logic of Violence in Civil War. Cambridge University Press, 2006.
Ted Robert Gurr, “The Revolution-Social Change Nexus,” Comparative Politics, 5
(April 1973), pp. 359-392.
The Scott-Popkin debate: James Scott, The Moral Economy of the Peasant and Samuel
Popkin, The Rational Peasant.
James S. Coleman. “Collective Behavior” and “Revoking Authority” in Foundations of
Social Theory. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1990.
Charles Tilly, From Mobilization to Revolution (1978).
Paul Collier. “Doing Well Out of War: An Economic Perspective,” pp. 91-112 in Mats
Berdal and David M. Malone, eds. Greed & Greivance: Economic Agendas in
Civil Wars. Boulder: Lynne Rienner.
Albert Hirschman and Michael Rothschild. “The Changing Tolerance for Income
Inequality in the Course of Economic Development,” Quarterly Journal of
Economics, 87, 4 (1973): 544-566. (skip the formal model at the end; skim)
Jeremy Weinstein. Inside Rebellion. Cambridge University Press, 2006.
Revolution
Karl Marx. The 18th Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte. (enough to get the idea)
Steven Pincus. 2007. “Rethinking Revolutions: A neo-Tocquevillian Perspective.” In Carles Boix
and Susan Stokes, eds. Oxford Handbook of Comparative Politics. Oxford University Press.
Chapter 17.
Barrington Moore, Jr. Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy. Boston: Beacon Press,
1966; and Theda Skocpol, “A Critical Review of Barrington Moore’s Social Origins.”
Politics and Society, 4 (Fall 1973), pp. 1-34.
19
Theda Skocpol. States and Social Revolutions. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press,
1979: 3-42, 161-171, and chapters 4, 5, or 6.
James DeNardo. Power in Numbers. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985:
introduction and chapters 1-2, 5, and 9-11 (don’t worry about following
the equations; reading the bits in between is fine)
Timur Kuran. “Now Out of Never: The Element of Surprise in the East European
Revolution of 1989,” World Politics, 44, 1 (October 1991).
Hidden Forms of Resistance
James Scott. Weapons of the Weak, preface and chapters 1, 2, and 8.
James C. Scott, Domination and the Arts of Resistance (1990), pp. 17-69, 183-201.
Eric Hobsbawm. Primitive Rebels (suggested but not required)
Nationalist Violence (see also, section in Identity Politics)
Jack Snyder. From Voting to Violence: Democratization and Nationalist Conflict. NY:
W.W. Norton, 2000, chapter 1 pp. 15-44.
Lynn White. Policies of Chaos: The Organizational Causes of Violence in China’s
Cultural Revolution. Princeton University Press, 1989.
Mark Beissinger. Nationalist Mobilization and the Collapse of the Soviet State.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002, pp. 1-32, 104-146.
20
IV. B) Participation, Collective Action & Social Movements
Who Votes?
John Aldrich. “Rational Choice and Turnout,” American Journal of Political Science, 37
(1993): 246-278 and on the turnout debate, Jackman, Robert W. 1987. “Political
Institutions and Voter Turnout in the Industrial Democracies.” American
Political Science Review Vol. 81:405-23 plus Powell, G Bingham. 1986.
“American Voter Turnout in Comparative Perspective.” American Political
Science Review Vol. 80 No. 1 (March):17-43.
Sidney Verba, Norman Nie and Jae-On Kim. Participation and Political Equality: A Seven
Nation Comparison (1978), chapters 1-7, 13, 14. (flawed but
important to know the main ideas)
Collective Action v. Collective Behavior
Mancur Olson, The Logic of Collective Action: Public Goods and the Theory of Groups (1971),
pp. 5-52.
Pamela Oliver and Gerald Marwell, The Critical Mass in Collective Action: A Microsocial
Theory (1993), pp. 1-13, 38-57.
Dennis Chong. Collective Action and the Civil Rights Movement. Chicago: University of
Chicago Press, 1991.
James S. Coleman. “Collective Behavior” and “Revoking Authority” in Foundations of
Social Theory. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1990.
Susanne Lohmann, “The Dynamics of Informational Cascades: The Monday Demonstrations in
Leipzig, East Germany, 1989-91.” World Politics, 47 (October 1994).
Jack A. Goldstone, “Toward a Fourth Generation of Revolutionary Theory,” Annual
Review of Political Science (2001), pp. 139-187.
Jeff Goodwin, No Other Way Out: States and Revolutionary Movements, 1945-1991
(2001), pp. 3-64.
Social Movements
Doug McAdam, John D. McCarthy and Mayer Zald, eds., Comparative Perspectives on
Social Movements. Cambridge University Press, 1996 (suggested, not required; a good
Primer to start the debate on the social movements literature)
Sidney Tarrow. Power in Movement: Social Movements, Collective Action, and Politics.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.
Frances Fox Piven and Richard Cloward, Poor People’s Movements, pp. 1-37.
Herbert Kitschelt. “Political Opportunity Structure and Political Protest,” British Journal of Political
21
Science, 16 (1986): 57-85.
Herbert Kitschelt and Anthony McGann, The Radical Right in Western Europe. Ann Arbor:
University of Michigan Press, 1995, enough to get the argument. (interest group, party, or
social movement?)
Bashevkin, Sylvia, “Interest Groups and Social Movements,” in LeDuc, Niemi, and Norris, eds.,
Comparing Democracies: Elections and Voting in a Global Perspective, pp. 134-159.
Charles Epp. The Rights Revolution: Lawyers, Activists, and Supreme Courts in
Comparative Perspective. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998,
Chapters 1, 2, and 11 plus at least 2 of the case studies. (optional)
Doug McAdam, Sidney Tarrow, and Charles Tilly, Dynamics of Contention. Cambridge,
2001 (read just enough to get the main argument)
Implications: Voice & Institutional Recuperation
Albert Hirschman. Exit, Voice, and Loyalty. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1970,
chapters 1-4.
Joan Nelson. “Political Participation,” in Myron Weiner and Samuel P. Huntington, eds.
Understanding Political Development, 1987, pp. 103-159.
Margaret Keck and Kathryn Sikkink, Activists Beyond Borders. Cornell, 1998
(opening and concluding chapters)
Sidney Tarrow, The New Transnational Activism (2005), pp. 15-56, 77-179.
Deborah Yashar. “Globalization and Collective Action,” Comparative Politics, April
2002.
Deborah Yashar. Contesting Citizenship in Latin America: The Rise of Indigenous
Movements and the Postliberal Challenge. Cambridge UP, 2005.
Mark Beissinger. Nationalist Mobilization and the Collapse of the Soviet State. 2001.
22
IV.C) Interest Groups and Interest Intermediation
Albert O. Hirschman. The Passions and the Interests.
Albert O. Hirschman. “The Concept of Interest: From Euphemism to Tautology,” in
Rival Views of Market Society & Other Recent Essays.
Patterns
Suzanne Berger, ed., Organizing Interests in Western Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press, 1981 pp. 1-26 (Berger).
Philippe Schmitter, “Still the Century of Corporatism?” Review of Politics, 1 (85-128).
Ruth Berins Collier and David Collier, “Inducements versus Constraints: Disaggregating
Corporatism,” American Political Science Review, 73 (1979): 967-986 and chapter
2 of Shaping the Political Arena (same authors).
Adam Przeworski and Michael Wallerstein, “The Structure of Class Conflict in Democratic
Capitalist Societies,” American Political Science Review, 76, 1982.
Ken Kollman. Outside Lobbying: Public Opinion and Interest Group Strategies. Princeton
University Press, 1998 (theoretical overview only…American example)
William Odom, “A Dissenting View on the Group Approach to Soviet Politics,” World Politics
28 (1976): 542-547.
Causes and Consequences
Peter Katzenstein. Small States in World Markets: Industrial Policy in Europe. Ithaca, NY:
Cornell University Press, 1985: chapters 1, 2, and 5.
Mancur Olson. The Rise and Decline of Nations. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1982.
Torben Iversen. “Power, Flexibility, and the Breakdown of Centralized Wage
Bargaining: Denmark and Sweden in Comparative Perspective,” Comparative
Politics, 28, 4 (1996): 399-436.
23
Section V: Electoral Politics
V.A) Electoral Systems & Representation
Representation
(An erudite scholar will know Hanna Fenichel Pitkin. The Concept of Representation.
Berkeley: University of California Press, 1967.)
Bernard Manin, Adam Przeworski, and Susan Stokes, “Introduction” and “Elections and
Representation” in Manin, Przeworski, and Stokes, eds., Democracy, Accountability, and
Representation (Cambridge University Press, 1999).*
James Fearon, “Electoral Accountability and the Control of Politicians: Selecting Good Types
Versus Sanctioning Poor Performance,” in Manin, Przeworski, and Stokes, eds.
Democracy, Accountability, and Representation (Cambridge University Press, 1999).
James Stimson, “Party Government and Responsiveness,” in Manin, Przeworski, and Stokes,
eds., Democracy, Accountability, and Representation (Cambridge University Press,
1999).
Susan Stokes. Mandates and Democracy: Neoliberalism by Surprise in Latin America.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001, chapters 1,3,6 & 7 (more if necessary to
get the argument)
Forms
Peter Mair, ed., The West European Party System. New York: Oxford University
Press, 1990, chapters 1, 5, 24 (classic essays by several authors)*
André Blais and Louis Massicotte, “Electoral Systems,” in LeDuc, Niemi, and Norris, eds.,
Comparing Democracies: Elections and Voting in a Global Perspective, pp. 49-81 and
understand the material in Gallagher, Laver, Mair, Representative Government in Modern
Europe: Institutions, Parties, and Governments, 3rd
ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2001,
chapter 7,8,10, pp. 171-233, 271-99.
Robert Michels. Political Parties: A Sociological Study of the Oligarchical Tendencies of
Modern Democracy. 1951.
Effects of Electoral Rules
Rein Taagepera and Matthew Shugart. Seats and Votes: The Effects and Determinants of
Electoral Systems. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989, chapters 1, 3, 7, 8,
11, and 18. (short chapters)*
Gary W. Cox, "Centripetal and Centrifugal Incentives in Electoral Systems," American Journal of
Political Science 34, 4 (November 1990), 903-935.
Cox, Gary W. 1997. Making Votes Count: Strategic Coordination in the World's
Electoral Systems. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.,
Chapters 1, 2, 3, 7, 10, 11 (p.1-69, 139-150, 181-224)
24
Roger Meyerson, “Incentives to Cultivate Favored Minorities Under Alternative
Electoral Systems,” American Political Science Review, 87 (1993): 856-
869.
25
V.B) Voting & Party Systems
Who Votes?
John Aldrich. “Rational Choice and Turnout,” American Journal of Political Science, 37
(1993): 246-278 and on the turnout debate, Jackman, Robert W. 1987. “Political
Institutions and Voter Turnout in the Industrial Democracies.” American
Political Science Review Vol. 81:405-23 plus Powell, G Bingham. 1986.
“American Voter Turnout in Comparative Perspective.” American Political
Science Review Vol. 80 No. 1 (March):17-43.
Sidney Verba, Norman Nie and Jae-On Kim. Participation and Political Equality: A Seven
Nation Comparison (1978), chapters 1-7, 13, 14. (flawed but important to know the main
ideas)
Steven Rosenstone and Ray Wolfinger, Who Votes? New Haven: Yale University Press, 1980.
Partisan Identity & Partisanship
Campbell, Converse, Miller & Stokes. The American Voter, Chicago: University
of Chicago Press, 1960, pp. 120-159.
Campbell, Angus et al. “The Impact and Development of Party Identification” in Classics
in Voting Behavior, eds Richard G. Niemi, Herbert F. Weisberg. Washington,
DC : CQ Press, 1992, ch.22, p.224-34.
Dalton, Russell J. 2002. Citizen Politics: Public Opinion and Political Parties in
Advanced Industrial Democracies. 3rd ed. New York: Chatham House
Publishers/Seven Bridges Press, ch.9 “Partisanship and Electoral Behavior”
Voters & Party Systems
Peter Mair, ed., The West European Party System. New York: Oxford University
Press, 1990, chapters 1, 5,9, 24 (classic essays by several authors)*
Anthony Downs. An Economic Theory of Democracy. New York: Harper and Row,
1957, chapters 7 and 8.*
Torben Iversen, “Political Leadership and Representation in West European
Democracies: A Test of Three Models of Voting,” American Journal of
Political Science, 38, 1 (1994): 45-74.
Clientelism & Constituency Service
Richard Fenno. Home Style: House Members in their Districts. Boston: Little,
Brown, 1978.
Bruce Cain, John Ferejohn, and Morris Fiorina. The Personal Vote: Constituency
Service and Electoral Independence. Cambridge: Harvard University Press,
1997 (selections in consultation with faculty).
Leonard Wantchekon, “Clientelism and Voting Behavior: Evidence from a Field
26
Experiment in Benin,” World Politics 55, 3 (2003): 399-422.
Economic Voting
G. Bingham Powell and Guy Whitten, “A Cross-National Analysis of Economic Voting:
Taking Account of the Political Context,” American Journal of Political Science,
37, 2 (1993): 391-414.
Wilkin, Sam, Brandon Haller and Helmut Norpoth (1997). “From Argentina to Zambia: a
World-Wide Test of Economic Voting.” Electoral Studies 16 (3): 301-316.
Duch, Raymond, and Randy Stevenson. 2005. "Context and the Economic Vote: A
Multi-Level Analysis." Political Analysis 13 (4).
Dealignment, Realignment, and Innovation
Peter Mair, ed., The West European Party System. New York: Oxford University
Press, 1990, chapter 16 (Dalton & Flanagan)*
Herbert Kitschelt. “Left-Libertarian Parties: Explaining Innovation in Competitive Party
Systems,” World Politics, 40, 2 (1988): 194-234.
Herbert Kitschelt. “The Formation of Party Systems in East Central Europe.” Politics and
Society, 20, 1 (1992): 7-50.
Herbert Kitschelt. “Citizens, Politicians, and Party Cartelization: Political
Representation And State Failure in Post-Industrial Democracies,” European
Journal of Political Research 37 (2000): 149-179. (optional)
Elections in New Democracies
Timothy Colton. Transitional Citizens, chapters 1, 2, and 7.
Herbert Kitschelt with Zdenka Mansfeldova, Radoslaw Markoswki, and Gabor Toka.
Post-Communist Party Systems. New York: Cambridge University Press,
1999, chapters 2 and 11.
27
Section VI: Political Culture and Identity/Ethnic Politics
VI.A) Political Culture
General conceptual works
Clifford Geertz. “Ideology as a Cultural System,” in Clifford Geertz ed., The Interpretation of
Cultures. New York: Harper and Row, 1973 and “Notes on the Balinese Cockfight”
pp. 412-53.
Karl Mannheim, Ideology and Utopia. parts I: 1-2, II and V:3.
David J. Elkins and Richard E.B. Simeon, “A Cause in Search of Its Effect, or What Does
Political Culture Explain?” Comparative Politics, 11 (January 1979): 127-146.
Ann Swidler. “Culture in Action: Symbols and Strategies,” American Sociological Review, 51
(April 1986): 273-286.
Stanley Feldman. “Structure and Consistency in Public Opinion: The Role of Core Beliefs
And Values,” AJPS (1988).
Robert W. Jackman and Ross A Miller. “A Renaissance of Political Culture?” American Journal
of Political Science 40 (1996): 632-659.
A classic & the authors’ response to criticism…
Gabriel Almond and Sidney Verba. The Civic Culture, Princeton: Princeton University Press,
1963, passim, but especially chapters 1, 5-6, 13 (1, 6, 7, 15 in hardback edition).*
Gabriel Almond and Sidney Verba, eds. The Civic Culture Revisited, 1980, especially chapters 1,
2, and 10.
World Views and Political Repertoires
Max Weber. The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism.
Robert Putnam, The Beliefs of Politicians. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1973.
Susan Pharr. Losing Face: Status Politics in Japan. Berkeley: University of California Press,
1990.
Alastair Ian Johnston. Cultural Realism: Strategic Culture and Grand Strategy in Chinese
History. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1995, project design and enough to
capture argument.
Ronald Inglehart. Culture Shift.
28
Trust and Social Capital
Edward Banfield. The Moral Basis of a Backward Society, pp. 17-24 and 83-109.
Robert Putnam. Making Democracy Work. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Margaret Levi. “A State of Trust,” in Braithwaite, Valerie and Levi, eds., Trust and Governance.
New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1998.
Tom R. Tyler. “Trust and Democratic Governance,” in Braithwaite, Valerie, and Levi, eds. Trust
and Governance. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1998.
Peter Evans. “Government Action, Social Capital and Development: Reviewing the
Evidence on Synergy,” World Development, 24, 6 (1996).
Diffusion of Cultures and Ideas
Robert Axelrod. “Laws of Life: How Standards of Behavior Evolve.” Science 27, 2 (1987): 44-
51.
Robert Axelrod, “The Dissemination of Culture: A Model with Local Convergence and Global
Polarization,” Journal of Conflict Resolution, 41 (April 1997): 203-26.
Peter Hall. “The Politics of Keynesian Ideas,” in The Political Power of Economic Ideas:
Keynesianism Across Nations. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1989, Intro &
Conclusion pp. 1-XXX, 361-391.
Amaney Jamal. Barriers to Democracy: The Other Side of Social Capital in Palestine
and the Arab World. Princeton University Press, 2007.
Amaney Jamal and Irfan Nooruddin. "The Democratic Utility of Trust: A Cross-National
Analysis." The Journal of Politics 72 (01):45-59.
29
VI.B) Ethnicity, Identity Politics and Nationalism
Conceptualizing ethnicity, nations, nationalism
Karl Deutsch. Nationalism and Social Communication. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1966, chapters
4-8.
Ernest Gellner. Nations and Nationalism. Oxford: Blackwell, 1983.
Benedict Anderson. Imagined Communities. London: Verso, 1991.
Walker Connor. “Man is a National Animal,” in Walker Connor, ed. Ethnonationalism: The
Quest for Understanding. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994, pp. 195-209.
Anthony Smith essay in John Hutchinson and Anthony D. Smith, eds. Ethnicity. London: Oxford
University Press, 1996.
Kanchan Chandra, “What is Ethnic Identity and Does It Matter?” Annual Review of
Political Science, 9 (2006), pp. 397-424.
Ethnic mobilization/salience
David D. Laitin, “Hegemony and Religious Conflict: British Imperial Control and Political
Cleavages in Yorubaland,” in Peter Evans, Dietrich Rueschemeyer, and Theda Skocpol,
eds., Bringing the State Back In (1985), pp. 285-316.
Michael Hechter, “Group Formation and the Cultural Division of Labor,” American Journal of
Sociology vol. 84, no. 2 (1978), pp. 293-318.
Alvin Rabushka and Kenneth Shepsle, Politics in Plural Societies (1972), pp. 62-92.
Daniel Posner, “The Political Salience of Cultural Difference: Why Chewas and
Tumbukas are Allies in Zambia and Adversaries in Malawi,” American Political
Science Review 98, 4: 529-545.
Anthony W. Marx, Making Race and Nation: A Comparison of the United States, South
Africa, and Brazil (1998), pp. 1-25.
Walker Connor, “Nation-Building or Nation-Destroying?” World Politics 24 (1972): 319-355.
Donald Horowitz. Ethnic Groups in Conflict. Berkeley: University of California Press, new
edition 2000-2001.
James D. Fearon and David D. Laitin. “Explaining Interethnic Cooperation,” American Political
Science Review 90 (4): 715-735 plus review article “Ethnic Mobilization and Ethnic
Violence,” chapter in Handbook of Political Science, 2006.
Ashutosh Varshney. Ethnic Conflict and Civil Strife: Hindus and Muslims in India. New Haven:
Yale University Press, 2002, especially chapters 1, 2 and 12.
30
Sniderman, Paul M., Pierangelo Peri, Rui J. P. de Figueiredo Jr., and Thomas Piazza. 2000. The
Outsider: Prejudice and Politics in Italy. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
David Laitin. Identity in Formation: The Russian Speaking Populations in the Near Abroad.
Cornell, 1998 (just enough to get the argument).
John McGarry and Brendan O’Leary. “Explaining Northern Ireland,” Political Studies, 44, 2
(1996).
Daniel Posner. Institutions and Ethnic Politics in Africa. Cambridge University Press, 2005.
Donald Kinder. Divided by Color.
Taming Identity Politics
Kenneth McRae, ed. Consociational Democracy: Political Accommodation in Segmented
Societies Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1974, pp. 2-27, 70-106, and 137-149
(includes a selection from Lijphart, who borrowed the idea from Calhoun and used it to
explain patterns in the Netherlands)
Donald Horowitz. A Democratic South Africa? Constitutional Engineering in a Divided Society.
University of California Press, 1991.
Donald Horowitz, “Democracy in Divided Societies,” Journal of Democracy, 4 (October 1993).
Ethnic Politics and Public Policy/Public Goods Provision
William Easterly, and Ross Levine, “Africa's Growth Tragedy: Policies and Ethnic Divisions,”
The Quarterly Journal of Economics 112 (4) (1997), pp. 1203-50.
Eduard Miguel, “Tribe or Nation? Nation Building and Public Goods in Kenya versus Tanzania,”
World Politics 56 (2004), pp. 327-62.
Alberto Alesina, Reza Baqir, and William Russell Easterly, “Public Goods and Ethnic Divisions,”
Quarterly Journal of Economics 114 (4) (1999), pp. 1243-84.
James Habyarimana, Macartan Humphreys, Daniel Posner, and Jeremy M. Weinstein, “Why
Does Ethnic Diversity Undermine Public Goods Provision?” American Political Science
Review 101 (4) (2007), pp. 709-25.
Evan S. Lieberman, “Ethnic Politics, Risk, and Policy-Making: A Cross-National Statistical
Analysis of Government Responses to HIV/AIDS,” Comparative Political Studies 40
(12) (2007), pp. 1407-32.
Ethnic Violence
James Fearon and David Laitin, “Explaining Interethnic Cooperation,” American
Political Science Review 90, no. 4, December, 1996, pp. 715-35.
31
Petersen, Roger. Understanding Ethnic Violence: Fear, Hatred, and Resentment in
Twentieth-Century Eastern Europe. Cambridge University Press.
Donald L. Horowitz, The Deadly Ethnic Riot (2001), pp. 467-565.
Ashutosh Varshney, Ethnic Conflict and Civic Life: Hindus and Muslims in India (2002),
pp. 3-22, 87-148.
Steven Wilkinson, Votes and Violence: Electoral Competition and Ethnic Riots in India
(2004), pp. 1-18, 137-171.
Nicholas Sambanis, 2001, “Do Ethnic and Nonethnic Civil Wars Have the Same Causes?
A Theoretical and Empirical Inquiry,” Journal of Conflict Resolution (June), pp.
259-282.
Russell Hardin. 1995. One for All: The Logic of Group Conflict. Princeton: Princeton
University Press.
32
Section VII. Political Economy
VII.A) Introduction to Political Economy (read as a preface to the subsequent sections)
Ordeshook, Peter C. 1990. “The Emerging Discipline of Political Economy,” in James E. Alt and
Kenneth A. Shepsle, eds., Perspectives on Positive Political Economy, pp. 9-30.
Torsten Persson and Guido Tabellini, Political Economics: Explaining Economic Policy.
Cambridge: MIT Press, 2000, parts I and II.
James Caporaso and David Levine. Theories of Political Economy. Cambridge University Press.
33
VII.B) Political Economy of Advanced Industrial Societies
Policy Making in Advanced Industrial Societies
Theodore Lowi. “American Business, Public Policy, Case Studies, and Political Theory.” World
Politics, 16 (1964): 677-715. (policy shapes politics)
George Tsebelis, “Decision Making in Political Systems: Veto Players in Presidentialism,
Parliamentarism, Multicameralism and Multipartism,” British Journal of Political
Science 25, 3 (July 1995), 289-325.
Peter Hall and Rosemary Taylor. “Political Science and the Three New
Institutionalisms,” Political Studies 44 (December 1996): 936-958.
Jonas Pontusson. “From Comparative Public Policy to Political Economy: Putting
Political Institutions in Their Place and Taking Interests Seriously" Comparative
Political Studies, 28 (1995):117-147.
Institutional varieties of capitalism
John Zysman. Governments, Markets, Growth. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1983.
At least chs. 1-2.
Peter Katzenstein. Small States in World Markets. Ithaca: Cornell University Press,
1985.
Peter Hall. Governing the Economy. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.
Sven Steinmo. Taxation and Democracy: Swedish, British, and American Approaches to
Financing the Modern State. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1993.
Peter Hall and David Soskice, eds. Varieties of Capitalism: Institutional Foundations of
Comparative Advantage. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001, especially
introductory chapter.
Kathleen Thelen, How Institutions Evolve. Cambridge University Press, 2004.
Wolfgang Streeck and Kathleen Thelen, eds. Beyond Continuity: Institutional Change in
Advanced Political Economies. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005,
especially introductory chapter.
Politics of Macro-Economic Management
Michael Alvarez, Geoffrey Garrett and Peter Lange. 1991. “Government Partisanship,
Labor Organization and Macroeconomic Performance,” APSR 85:539-556.
Geoffrey Garrett. Partisan Politics in the Global Economy. Cambridge University Press, 1998.
34
Torben Iversen. Contested Institutions. Cambridge University Press, 1999.
Robert Franzese. Macroeconomic Policies of Developed Democracies. Cambridge University
Press, 2002, chapters 1-3.
Isabela Mares. 2004. "Wage Bargaining in the Presence of Social Services and
Transfers,” World Politics, 57(1), 99-142.
Welfare States and the Politics of Redistribution
Gösta Esping-Andersen. The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism. Princeton University
Press, 1990, chs. 1-5.
Paul Pierson, Dismantling the Welfare State. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ Press, 1994,
Chapters 1,2, 3, 4 or 5, 7
Alexander Hicks. Social Democracy and Welfare Capitalism: A Century of Income Security
Policies. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1999.
Evelyne Huber and John Stephens. Development and Crisis of the Welfare State.
Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001.
Ellen Immergut, “Institutions, Veto Points, and Policy Results: A Comparative Analysis of
Health Care,” Journal of Public Policy, 10, 4.
Isabela Mares. “The sources of business interest in social insurance: sectoral versus
national differences,” World Politics, 55(2003): 229-258. Or Isabela Mares, The
Politics of Social Risk, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
Peter Swenson. “Varieties of Capitalist Interests,” Studies in American Political
Development, 18(2004):1-29. Or Swenson, Capitalists against Markets, Oxford
University Press, 2002.
Alan Meltzer and Scott Richard. “A Rational Theory of the Size of Government,”
Journal of Political Economy, 89 (1981): 914-927.
Karl Ove Moene and Michael Wallerstein. “Earnings Inequality and Welfare Spending,”
World Politics 55(2003):485-516.
Torben Iversen and David Soskice, “Electoral Systems and the Politics of Coalitions,”
APSR, 100(2006):165-181.
Barry Weingast and Kenneth Shepsle, “The Political Economy of Benefits and Costs: A
Neoclassical Approach to Distributive Politics,” Journal of Political Economy,
89 (1981): 642-664.
Jonas Pontusson. Inequality and Prosperity: Social Europe versus Liberal America.
Cornell University Press, 2005.
35
Lane Kenworthy and Jonas Pontusson. “Rising Inequality and the Politics of
Redistribution in Affluent Countries,” Perspectives on Politics, 3(2005):449-
471.
David Rueda and Jonas Pontusson. “Wage Inequality and Varieties of Capitalism,”
World Politics, 52(2000):350-383.
Avinash Dixit and John Londregan. “The Determinants of Success of Special Interests in
Redistributive Politics,” Journal of Politics, 58 (1996): 1132-55.
Political Business Cycles and Economic Voting1
William Nordhaus. “The Political Business Cycle,” Review of Economic Studies, 22,
April 1975, pp. 169-90. (electoral cycles)
Edward Tufte, Political Control of the Economy. Princeton: Princeton University Press,
1978. (electoral cycles)
Douglas Hibbs. The American Political Economy. Cambridge: Harvard University
Press, 1987 (summarized in Alt & Crystal, Political Economics)
Kenneth Rogoff, “Equilibrium Political Budget Cycles,” American Economic Review,
1990, pp. 21-37. (electoral cycles)
Kenneth Schultz. 1995. “The Politics of the Business Cycle,” BJPS 25:79-99.
Alberto Alesina and Nouriel Roubini with Gerald Cohen, Political Cycles and the
Macroeconomy, 1997 and Robert Franzese review in Journal of Policy
Analysis and Management 19, 3 (2000): 501-9.
Bingham Powell and Guy Whitten. “A Cross-National Analysis of Economic Voting,”
APSR, 86(1993):597-611.
Alberto Alesina et al. 1997. Political Cycles and the Macroeconomy. Cambridge, Mass:
The MIT Press. Pages 1-110, 141-209. (B)
Lars Calmfors and J. Driffill. 1988. "Bargaining Structure, Corporatism and
Macroeconomic Performance," Economic Policy 6: 13-47.
International Economy and Domestic Political Alignments
Peter Gourevitch, “International Influences on Domestic Politics: The Second Image
Reversed,” International Organization, 32 (Autumn 1978): 90-107.
Stephen Krasner, “State Power and the Structure of International Trade,” World
1 There is an overview of Nordhaus, Tufte, Rogoff, Hibbs, and Alesina in the Annual Review of Political
Science. You may wish to read the overview plus Tufte and Hibbs.
36
Politics, 28, 3 (1976): 317-43.
Jeffrey Frieden and Ronald Rogowski, “The Impact of the International Economy on
National Policies: An Analytical Overview,” in Keohane and Miller, eds,
Internationalization and Domestic Politics, 1996: 25-47.
James Alt and Michael Gilligan, “The Political Economy of Trading States: Factor
Specificity, Collective Action Problems, and Domestic Political Institutions,”
Journal of Political Philosophy, 2, 2 (1994): 165-192.
Ronald Rogowski, Commerce and Coalitions, Princeton: Princeton University Press,
1989, pp. 3-20 and 163-179 or Ronald Rogowski, “Political Cleavages and
Changing Exposure to Trade,” American Political Science Review, 81 (1987).
Jeffry Frieden. “Invested Interests,” International Organization, 45 (1991):425-451.
Hainmueller, Jens, and Michael J. Hiscox. 2007. “Educated Preferences: Explaining
Attitudes Toward Immigration in Europe.” International Organization
61(2):399–442.
Hanson, Gordon, Kenneth F. Scheve, and Matthew J. Slaughter. 2007. “Public Finance
and Individual Preferences over Globalization Strategies.” Economics and
Politics 19 (1):1-33.
37
VII.C) Political Economy of Development
The Concept of Development2
Amartya Sen, “The Concept of Development,” in Hollis Chenery and T.N. Srinivasan,
eds., The Handbook of Development Economics. New York: North Holland,
1988, pp. 10-26 and recommended: Peter Evans, “Collective Capabilities,
Culture, and Amartya Sen’s Development as Freedom,” Studies in Comparative
International Development (Summer 2002): 54-60.
Shahid Yusuf and Joseph Stiglitz, “Development Issues: Settled and Open,” in Meier
and Stiglitz, eds., Frontiers of Development Economics, pp. 227-268.
Albert Hirschman, “The Rise and Decline of Development Economics,” in Essays in
Trespassing, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981, pp. 1-24.
States, Markets & Prosperity
Charles Lindblom. Politics and Markets. New York: Basic Books, 1977, 3-89, 161-200.
Karl Polanyi, “The Economy as Instituted Process,” ch. 13 in Polanyi et al. Trade
And Market in the Early Empires
Karl Polanyi. The Great Transformation.
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