departmentofs cience, ita ndinnova tion land use im p...

D epartmentofS cience, IT a nd Innova tion

Ram DalalDepartm entofS cience,Inform ationT echnology andInnovation

Land use im p actson soilcarb on store sandop p ortunitie sto re duce gre e nh ouse gase m issions

Acknowle dge m e ntsProje ct Le ade rsand th e irp roje ct te am s:D rD iane A llen (D S ITI), D rKeryn P au l(C S IRO ), D rJonathan S and erman (C S IRO ), D rTim S mith(Q D A F), D rJohn M c Grath/D rRic hard H ayes (C RC FFI/N S W D P I), P rof. M ic haelB ird (JC U), D rM arkFarrell(C S IRO ), D rJeffB ald oc k(C S IRO ), M rJames S c hu ltz (GC S ), D rFranc es H oyle (D A FW A ), D rFiona Roberts on (D ED JTR), D rGlenn M c D onald (UoA ), D rC athy W aters (N S W D P I), D rRic hard C onant/D rC lemens S c heer(Q UT)

NSCP Inve storAdvisory Group :C hairpers on -D rB everley H enry (Q UT), D rP au lL awrenc e (D S ITI), D rB rian Keating/N eilM c Kenzie (C S IRO ),D rS u e C ars tens (Q D A F), D rJohn M c Grath(C RC FFI), D rP au lN els on (JC U), D rJenny S inc lair(GC S ), D rD avidB owran (D A FW A ), D rM ic haelC rawford /D rTom B aker(D ED JTR), D rA nn M c N eill(UA ), D rGeorgina Kelly(N S W D P I)

DAFF/DoA re p re se ntative s:L ee N els on, Jonathan Terlic h, M argie Ed d ington, D rS teve M c M au gh, D rZaman N u ru zzaman

In addition:D rA lis on S pec ht, Univers ity ofQ u eens land and Jod ie Frommolt, D S ITI, as s is ted in s ettingu pW ikis pac e webs iteN u merou s land hold ers from alloverA u s tralia, D epartmentofthe Environment(Rob S tu rgis s , S hantiRed d y,Rac helB u rges s , Joe P ryor, Ric hard C his olm, Zoe S inc lair, S teve Refs hau ge), and ru ralind u s tries , inc lu d ingGRD C (Jan Ed ward s ), M L A (D rTom D avis on), D airy and H ortic u ltu re, S RA , RIRD C (D rS imon S piers ).



Fos s ilfu el~10 GtC O 2-C /yr

Plants: ~600 Gt C

C ou rtes y ofL and c are Res earc h, N ew Zealand

Atm osp h e ric CO2 852 Gt C = 400 p p m )

S oil: ~150 0 Gtorganic C~ 950 Gtinorganic C

O ceans

2-3 billion tonnes /yearc arbon s eq u es tered ins oilc an make a d ifferenc e!


Equilibrium level

N ew equilibrium level

(Pasture/Forestry)

N ew equilibrium level

(cropping)

Lan d use orm an agem en t

ch an ge~1,000 M tC~20 m ha

S O C %

T im e

L andusechange


A ims :

D evelopand d elivermos teffec tive and prac tic als trategies formanagings oilc arbon

o Inc reas ingand /orred u c ingthe los s ofs oilc arbon

o Improved mod ellingc apability

L and u s e impac ts on s oilc arbon s tores :

o Vegetation management

o M anagementprac tic es

o O rganic amend ments

C ontinu ingN eed for Res earc h

o Improved meas u rements to red u c e u nc ertainty and c os ts

o W in-win foragric u ltu re and natu ralres ou rc es

Ve ge tation m anage m e nt


P rojec tL ead erTim S mith(D A FF, Q L D )s oilc arbon s amplingin a s potted gu m(Corymbia citriodora s bs p. variegata)plantation and ad joiningpas tu re atB injou r, Q L D

• R eforestationorplantationforestry asw ellasafforestationofpreviouslyabandoned agriculturallandsincreasesoilorganiccarbon



C ou rtes y: Tim S mith

• U nderstandingcarbon(and nitrogen)invegetationm anagem entiscriticaltotheincreasingproductivity offood,fibreandenergy from theland.

• R eforestationofpastureland restoredC loss of59 t/ha,m ostly intheabove-ground biom assand treeroots



Fens ham and Gu ymer(20 0 9)Env. S c i. P ol.

• SO C stocks increased by 0 .5 5 ±0 .13 t/haperyearonpreviously cropped lands,butonly0 .2 4 ±0 .0 9 t/haperyearonpreviously grazedlands

• P rovideshadeforlivestockingrazingsystem s.

CFIR eforestationM odellingT ool(R M T )extensionintoasingleER Fm ethod,‘ModularForestSequestration Method’,includingsoilCstocksinthisFullCAM -basedm ethod

Manage m e nt p ractice sD epartmentofS cience, IT a nd Innova tion

C ou rtes y: Fiona Roberts on

• M anagem entpracticessuchascrop residue retention,green trash burning,andno-tillhavenegligible effects onS O C stocks

• Conversionofland usefrom cropping to pasture increases soilorganiccarbonstocksby 0 .1- 0 .2 tonnes carbon/ ha peryear.Inim provedpasturesw ithfertiliserinputsand/orintroduced legum es,sequestrationratesm ay beevenhigher

Developm entofthem ethodology on‘CarbonCredits(Sequestration ofCarbon inSoilUsing DefaultValues) Methodology Determ ination 2 0 15 ’ inrelationtocroptopasture,no-till,residueretentionand fertiliserapplications

Manage m e nt p ractice sD epartmentofS cience, IT a nd Innova tion

C ou rtes y: C athy W aters

• R etentionofcropresiduesand plantm atterprovidesgroundcover,w hichisessentialtoreducesoilerosionand soilorganiccarbonlossby w aterorw ind erosion

• Itisessentialtoconsiderthetotalgrazingpressure(bothstockandnon-stockanim als)ratherthandom esticlivestockonly

• R educingthetotalgrazing pressure (excludingnon-stockanim als)hadS O C stock8.7t/hahigherthantotalgrazingpressureforsom esoils(Kandosols)

Organic am e ndm e ntsD epartmentofS cience, IT a nd Innova tion

• Consistentyield increasesofupto 2 5 % w ererecorded infield trialsfrom com binedcom postandbiocharusedforsugarcane,banana,m aize,papayaandpeanutcropsinnorthernQ ueensland.

Field S ites –C ou rtes y: M ic haelB ird

• Biocharapplied at10 t/ham ay sequester5.4 tC/ha,butcom post(25 t/ha)only0.04 tC/ha,com bined com postand biochar(CO M BI,25 t/ha),1.4 tC/ ha

Organic am e ndm e nts


• O rganicam endm entsincreasethestocksofsoilcarbonandm any am endm entssuchascom postsand m anuresareagood sourceofplantnutrients.

• Applyingtheseam endm entsensuressustainablelanduseand increasedproductivity,how ever,availability islim ited,and transportandapplicationcostsm ay besubstantial.

O rganic amend mentread y to be inc orporatedinto W A Tenos olforan 1 8 monthinc u bation –C ou rtes y: M arkFarrell

Continuing Ne e d forR & DUnce rtainty analy sisneed s to be u nd ertaken for p olicy m ake rsin a formatthatc an eas ily beu nd ers tood by end u s ers


Em issionsR eductionFundU pdateEm issionsR eductionFundm ethod prioritisation

em issions-reduction-S ubm issions@ environm ent.gov.au

Em issions Reduction Fund: 1800 852 974

http://w w w.environm ent.gov.au/clim ate-change/em issions-reduction-fund

Im p rove d Me asure m e ntsand re duce d costsof analy sis


• M easuringsoilcarbon• Com bustionsuchasL eco

(expensive)• N ear-infrared and m id-infrared

(costreduced)• R em ote-sensing(low cost-in

progress)• M odellingusingS oilcarbonm odels

(AP S IM ,FullCAM -R othC,Century,DN DC andothers)(costfurtherreduced) L ecocarbonanalyserm easuresC by com bustion

process

Courtesy:DaveL yons


C ou rtes y: Jon S and erman

• T heability torapidly assessS O C fractionsand variousorganicam endm entsusingm id infra-red (M IR )andN IR spectroscopy providesdatasetsforFullCAM .

Im p rove d Me asure m e nts


C ou rtes y: Jenny S inc lair

• O n-the-go in situ nearinfra-red (N IR )fieldestim ationofsoilorganiccarbonstockshasthepotentialtoreducethecostofsoilorganiccarbonm onitoring.

• R em ote-sensingtoestim atesoilorganicCand M odellinghavepotentialtoreducecostsofm onitoringevenfurther.

Im p rove d Me asure m e nts

Continuing Ne e d forR&D1 . A statisticaland scie ntific b asisneed s to be d eveloped foride ntify ing p aire d –site s,

very u s efu lfors u bs titu tingthe ‘ time’ for‘ s pac e’ fac torin lieu oflong-te rm experiments

2. Sp atial-e x p licit inform ation is req u ired forprojec t-bas ed c arbon ac tivities related to ERFsoilcarb on m e th odology , and rates ofcarb on inp utsforFullCAM-Roth C m ode l

3. Fu rtherres earc his req u ired ford evelopingbes tmanagementprac tic e forb alancing carb onse que stration, oravoide d carb on loss, with p lant and anim alp roductivity

4. Re fore station provid es one ofthe larges topportu nities to s eq u es ters oilorganic c arbon, bu tfu rtherworkis req u ired to quantify additionalb e ne fitsfrom farm-integrated plantation

5. Quantify th e e conom ic and e nvironm e ntalb e ne fitsfrom s tabilis ings oilorganic c arbon

d ec reas ed e rosion los s es from es tablis hmentofriparian plantings and refores tation

re storation ofd egrad ed and highly erod ed land s c apes

im p roving agriculturalp roductivity -fertility, s oils tru c tu re, biology, s helterbelts


Thank you

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