desertification and drought
TRANSCRIPT
DESERTIFICATION
DESERTIFICATIONAND
DROUGHT
WHAT IS
DESERTIFICATI
ON ?
Desertification is a process of turning the productive land into desert.
DESErTIFICATION
. DESERTIFICATION
The degradation of land in arid, semi-arid, and dry sub-humid areas.
Can be caused by human activity or climate change.
How have each of these factors contributed to desertification ??
desertification
climate humans animals
CLIMATE Drought: low rainfall since 1968.
Soils become dry and there is no water left in wells.
Trees die, grass withers and is replaced by poor desert scrub.
Crops fail and cattle feed on poor pasture.
Less roots to protect the topsoil, less humus; soils become more sandy and dry.
Wind erosion removes the soil, causing dust storms, leaving bare rock.
Human activity To increase food supplies
morecrops are grown and more cattle kept leading to over- cultivation and over-grazing. Population is high and increasing fast. Yields decline and cattle are undernourished and die. Demand increases for water as population grows. Trees are cut down for fuel supplies. Less vegetation; more dry, bare soil; more wind erosion.
Animals/insectsLocusts destroy the crops.
Overgrazing means all vegetation is eaten.
Animals trample the ground reducing it to dust.
Animals die and can’t breed
Dryland regions of the world (yellow)
What are the effects of desertification ?
Starvation
Food and water shortages lead to malnutrition, famine, disease and high death rates.
Large numbers of people become dependent on food aid programmes.
Aid Programmes
From rural to urban areas causing over-population in towns.
To refugee camps.
Migration
HOW TO SOLVE ?? .Control the population. growth / natural increase by using family planning, in order to decrease the land use capacity
.The number of grazing and the rate of cultivation should not over the carrying capacity of land
HOW TO SOLVE ?? improve i)farming &
ii)grazing methods, in other to reduce soil erosion and salinization
Legislation: band the deforestation and over grazing, etc. , in order to balance the ecosystem of desert.
HOW TO SOLVE ??
. afforestation i.e. plant the wind break trees & drought resistant plants .stone lines (e.g, in Burkina Faso) .Building reservoir and canal , (e.g, The Indira Gandhi Canal)
Conclusion WE SHOULD
STOP DESERTFICATION OTHERWISE PEOPLE FIND
DIFFICULT TO ACCESS FOOD.
ESPECIALLY,PEOPLE IN AFRICA WILL DIFFICULT TO
IMPROVE THEIR LIVING STANDARD. IT IS DIFFICULT TO
RECOVER LAND FROM EROSION,SO AVOID EROSION
IS IMPORTANT. THERE ARE ALSO MANY
SPECIES LIVE IN DESERT.
PLANT FOR THE PLANET, PLANT FOR THE FUTURE
THANKS FOR WATCHING
CREATED BY :
Muhammed
NoufalAnd Aromal rajal
Presented
by :SHAKIRA