desertification - ms. mc bean's world geography class · the sahel and rainforest get smaller,...
TRANSCRIPT
Desertification• deforestation
• overgrazing
• over farming
Desertification is the expansion of
the desert…
The Sahel and Rainforest get smaller,
the desert gets bigger
Sahara Desert
Sahel
Tropical
Rainforest
Thanks to
deforestation,
overgrazing,
and over
farming . . .
the fertile soil is eroded since there is
no vegetation to hold the soil in place.
As wind blow away the good soil, new
vegetation cannot grow there anymore.
Desertification leads to
poor harvest (less food), …
hunger, ….
and hardship.
Deforestation
• farms
• grazing animals
• houses
• logging
People cut down trees for . . .
Deforestation involves removing
vegetation such as trees and shrubs
It is mainly due to slash & burn agriculture
People cut down trees so they
have more space for farms…
settlement and building
materials…
and grazing land.
But deforestation eventually leads to
poor soil…
. . . and then desertification
Poor soil leads to poor harvests, …
poverty and starvation, and . . .
Poor Soil means
that the nutrients
have been taken
from the soil due
to over use
desertification.
Water Pollution• Sewage
• Garbage
• Parasites & bacteria
Water pollution is caused by
poor sanitation.
Too many people crowded in an
area with no waste treatment plants
means sewage and garbage ends
up in the streets & streams.
Water pollution in Africa is mainly from
human and animal waste,
but also from natural phenomena
like parasites & bacteria
Whip
Worm
Guinea Worm
Guinea Worm
because 47% of Africans use
unclean drinking water
Water Pollution causes…
1) waterborne diseases
2) lower life expectancy
3) slow economic development
Unequal Distribution
of Water
• drinking
• farming (irrigation)
• transportation
The unequal distribution of water
means that . . .
Some people have water….
Ex. Cairo, Egypt
Nile River
Niger River
Congo River
While some people don’t have rivers…
like the Sahara, Sahel, and Kalahari
What places have
water? What places don’t?
Nile
River
Zambezi
River
L. Victoria
Lake
Tanganyika
->
A Satellite View
Can you see who
has water
and who doesn’t?
NO
WATER
WATER
This means some countries have
better transportation routes for trade
and some countries don’t have water
to help with transportation & trade
Countries with rivers can build
dams along rivers & create lakes
Ariel view of Aswan Dam on
Egypt’s Nile River
Thanks to lakes, these countries
have water for year-round irrigation
Irrigation involves taking water to areas
without water, usually to water crops
Lack of water to irrigate slows economic
development
Don’t take your faucet for
granted….
47% of Africans lack of drinking water
What if you don’t have it?