design 1 dpt224 topic 2: engineering design process
TRANSCRIPT
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DESIGN 1DPT224
TOPIC 2:ENGINEERING DESIGN PROCESS
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Objectives At the end of this topic, students should be
able to: Describe and explain the engineering design
process Explain various tools in engineering design
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fig_01_05
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“Design of a Safe Ladder” Questions that arise:
How is the ladder to be used? How much should it cost? Should the ladder be portable? What does “safe” mean? What is the market for this ladder? How many steps are there on the ladder? Etc
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Engineering Design Process Decomposing or “break down” the
questions will lead into process tasks or sequence of steps (design tasks)
This is done without using any mathematical models, engineering equations or engineering laws
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Example: Question 1:
How is the ladder to be used? How much should it cost?
Clarifying the objectives set for the design
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Example Question 2:
Should the ladder be portable? How much can it cost?
Establish user requirements for the design
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Example Question 3:
What does “safe” means? How much that the customer willing to pay?
Identifying the constraints of the design
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Example Question 4:
Can the ladder lean against a supporting surface?
Must the ladder support someone carrying something?
Establish the design functions
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Example Questions 5:
How much weight should a safe ladder support?
What is the “allowable load” on a step? How high should someone on the ladder be
able to reach? What is the material of the ladder?
Establish the design specifications
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Example Question 6:
Could the ladder be made of wood, aluminium or fiberglass?
Generate design alternatives
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Example Question 7:
What is the maximum stress in a step supporting the “design load”?
Does the ladder meet OSHA’s safety specification?
Model, analyze, test and evaluate the design
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Example Question 8:
Is there a more economic design? Is there a more efficient design?
Refine and optimize the design
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Example Question 9:
What information does the client need to fabricate the design?
What is the justification for the design decisions that were made?
Documents the completed design and its process
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fig_02_03
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Conceptual Design Defined the characteristics of the product Three characteristics:
Form – shape, size, materials and style Fit – comparing with the competitors’ product Function – performance, reliability,
maintainability
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Preliminary Design & Detailed Design Analyzing the single design solution or
several alternatives design choices Using engineering formulations
Stress analysis, flow analysis, heat transfer analysis
Electrical and electronic analyses Working drawings, detail and assembly
drawings Standard components, manufacturing notes
and all dimensions and tolerances Refine and optimize the final design
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Tools in engineering design CAD – Computer Aided Design
AutoCAD, Solid Works, Pro/ Engineer, Catia, UG NX
CAGD – Computer Aided Geometrical Design
Alias, IronCAD, etc
CAM – Computer Aided Manufacturing MasterCAM, Edge CAM, etc
CAE – Computer Aided Engineering Analysis
Ansys, Moldflow, Abacus, etc
Gantt Chart – Design Project Scheduling
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