design and construction with ultra high fiber reinforced...

Fuzhou University - Lecture 1 Prof. E.Brühwiler

5 January 2015

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Design and construction with Ultra‐High Performance Fiber Reinforced cement‐based Composites (UHPFRC)

Eugen Brühwiler

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL)Lausanne, Switzerland

Lecture 2 5 January 2015

Design and construction with Ultra‐High Performance Fiber Reinforced cement‐based Composites (UHPFRC) :

Design principles and basic material properties: why UHPFRC structures ?

Review of UHPC (UHPFRC) structures

Own design examples

UHPFRC = Ultra‐High Performance Fiber Reinforced cement‐based Composites


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UHPFRC = Ultra‐High Performance Fiber Reinforced cement‐based Composites

ConcreteShortcomings:‐ limited durability under

severe exposure: rebarcorrosion, AAR, frost

‐ heavy weight, materialconsuming

‐ slow construction

UHPFRC is nota concrete !

10mm

Structural engineering using UHPFRC (UHPC):

Objective: combine the best of reinforced/posttensionedconstruction and steel construction :

use high performance materials: cement and otherreactive powders, superplastiziers, steel (fibres, rebars, posttensioning elements) … and avoid: sand and gravel, excessive amount of water

cast joints

design Lightweight structures: high ratio of live load to dead load

precast elements fabrication and assemble/mount themusing methods allowing for rapid construction


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UHPFRC = Ultra-High Performance Fiber Reinforced cement-based Composites

Cement-based matrix : cement, reactive powders, quartz grains (<1mm)

Steel fibers (10-15mm) : > 3% vol. (or: synthetic fibers)

Fresh UHPFRC : self-compacting, workability, slope stability (up to 13%)

Hardened UHPFRC : high strength (compression: 150-200MPa; tension 7-14MPa) and deformability, waterproof

Combination with rebars and posttensioning : R-UHPFRC, P-UHPFRC

UHPFRC : tensile behaviour

UHPFRC R-UHPFRC

stress Ut

deformation Ut

force

displacement

steel rebar

softeninghardening

elastic

UHPFRC


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UHPFRC Type U0 UA UB

elastic tensile strength fUtek MPa ≥ 7,0 ≥ 7,0 ≥ 8.5

Ratio : fUtuk / fUtek > 0,7 > 1,1 > 1,2

hardening Utu ‰ fUtek / EUt > 1,5 > 2,0

Compressive strength fUck MPa ≥ 120 ≥ 120 ≥ 120

UHPFRC Type according to Standard SIA 2052 (2015) :

Structural design of Structures in R-UHPFRC :

• Objective : find a „balance“ between: creation (aesthetics) economy quality of a project

• while respecting the project boundary conditions and functional requirements: structural safety, serviceability, durability : standards, codes

• such as to define:– dimensions of the structure, sections– detaiing and material properties– foundation– construction method


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Why structures in UHPFRC ?

• Aesthetics: originality and slenderness

• Economy: construction cost equal or lower than conventional construction methods, low maintenance and life cycle costs

• Structures under severe exposure : – environmental influences (chlorides, water, low

temperature)

– mechanical loading

• Lightweight structures (=> smaller foundations)

• Rapid construction and difficult site conditions

some examples ….

Sherbrooke Pedestrian Bridge (Québec, Canada) 1997


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Slenderness : height / span : 1:20


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Peace Pedestrian Bridge – Seonyugyo over Han River, Seoul, 2002

Arch: span = 120m ; height = 15m

Arch: span = 120m ; height = 15m


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Sakata-Mirai Pedestrian Bridge in Japan, 2002


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Sakata-Mirai Pedestrian Bridge in Japan, 2002

slenderness : height / span = 1 : 32 !!


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2006


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Zonnestraal Monument (The Netherlands, 2005)

BSI-CERACEM

9m x 9m plate structure with stiffeners; minimal thickness: 25 mm

Shapes and surfaces for facades

DUCTAL®

Centre bus RATP de Thiais (France)1200 m2 – 378 plaques

Centre culturel de Sedan (France)330 m2 – plaques 2 x 4.5 m, 5 cm épais35 % de vides


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Facade elements in UHPFRC

SWATCH BuildingCormondrèche, CH, 2007CREABETON

Jean Bouin Stadium, Paris, (nov 12)

Facade elements in UHPFRC


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MUCEM, Marseille, F, 2013Rudy Ricciotti, arch.Romain Ricciotti, ing.


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Design and construction of new R‐UHPFRC structures:

Own projects and contributions as consultant

Martinet Pedestrian Bridge, Lausanne, CH, 2015Emch & Berger ingénieurs, Town of Lausanne, EPFL


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Posttensioning:

Slab, longit. section:

Sectional forces deformations stresses internal forces

Standard SIA 2052 (2015) :Design for flexural resistance of a beam in R‐UHPFRC (Type UA/UB):


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Standard SIA 2052 (2015) :Design for shear resistance of a web in R‐UHPFRC (Type UA / UB):

Ftw

sRdURdRd VVV ,,

tan

)(5,0,

UtudUtedwURd

ffzbV

sin)cot(cot, sdsw

sRd fzs

AV

combined tension –compression stress field


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François Hennebique (1842 – 1921)

Monolithic construction !

PatentHennebique 1892


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Design competition 1. Prize : Flint & Neill Eng. LondonNegrelli-Pedestrian Bridge, Zurich Main Railway StationApril 2011


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Design competition 1. Prize : Flint & Neill Eng. LondonNegrelli-Pedestrian Bridge, Zurich Main Railway Station

Feasibility study: 2014/2015


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Trial Design Study:Railway bridge with a span of 15m

Straight posttensioning : balanced at mid-spanPrecast elements assembled by posttensioning

Cross section:

Short span railway bridgeSU Unterwalden near Lucerne


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Longitudinal section:

Cross section:

Short span railway bridge, SBB Line 210, km 78.330:

Monolithic ribbed plate cast in plant

UHPFRC Type UA

Design according to SIA 2052

Elasto‐bloc bearing

No layer on plate surface

UHFB

Detailed design : 2015Construction : 2016

Natural stone masonry viaduct Bachtalen:Ballasted track in a UHPFRC trough

Conceptual design:

E.Brühwiler31Jan2012


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BridgIng Trial study „Châtelot Bridge“



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BridgIng

BFUP

Trial study „Châtelot Bridge“

Trial study „Châtelot Bridge“


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BridgIng


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Improvement of concrete structures

Conceptual idea :composite UHPFRC – concrete :

• Structural parts with severe exposure

• Structural parts with high mechanical loading

R-UHPFRCconventionnal reinforced concrete

Project : Highway overpass, Hessen, Germany


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Design of a composite UHPFRC – RC bridge

• protection and resistance function of UHPFRC

Detail 1 : Detail 2 :

Design of a composite UHPFRC – RC bridge


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UHPFRC ‐ RC bridge : Design validation

• Special case approval and code verification• Numerical simulations• Quality assurance and monitoring• Laboratory testing :

Experimental validation of UHPFRC hinge:


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Conclusions : New (lightweight) R‐UHPFRC structures

design and construction with ultra high fiber reinforced...

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