design and optimization of precipitated silica for reinforcing rubber
DESCRIPTION
Design and Optimization of Precipitated Silica for Reinforcing Rubber. Chetan Suryawanshi, Chunyan Chen and Dale W. Schaefer, Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, Peyman Pakdel Bridgestone/Firestone Inc 1200 Firestone Parkway - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Design and Optimization of Precipitated Silica for Reinforcing Rubber
Chetan Suryawanshi, Chunyan Chen and Dale W. Schaefer,Department of Materials Science & Engineering
University of Cincinnati,Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012,
Peyman PakdelBridgestone/Firestone Inc1200 Firestone ParkwayArkon, OH 44317-0001
Lou GattiJ.M Huber Corporation907 Revolution Street
P.O Box 310Havre De Grace, MD 21078
Jan Ilavsky National Institutes of Standards and Technology
Advanced Photon SourceArgonne National Labroratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue
Argonne, IL 60439
Peter R. JemianUniversity Of Illinois At Urbana-Champaign
Advanced Photon SourceArgonne National Labroratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue
Argonne, IL 60439
Reinforced ElastomersSurface
Treatment Polymer
Additives
1 m
Mastication
Flame or SolutionSynthesis
Forming
Filler
Structural Complexity10
1
0.1
What Controls agglomerate size?When do they form? What controls fragility?
How does Silica/Carbon Reinforce?What is the optimum structure?
What controls aggregate size?What is the optimum size
What is the optimum primary?Are the primaries porous?What controls primary size?
Agglomerates
Primary Particles
Aggregates
10-7 10-6 10-5 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10
Light LS230SAXS BH (UNM)SAXS PH (UNM)Diffraction
Inte
ns
ity
q (Å -1 )
-4.0
-2.0
-3.1
RG = 89
Morphology From Scattering
100,000 nm 200 nm 0.5 nm10 nm
O
OOO
Si
O
Si
O
O
OH O
SiHO
Si
Agglomerate Aggregate PrimaryParticle
NetworkPolymer
Powder Synthesis
Agglomeration
Aging
Aggregation
+
+Nucleation
Growth
Si
OH
O-O O-
Si
O-
OH
O-
Polymerization
Parameters affecting silica polymerization•Temperature•pH•Time•Ionic strength•Shear due to agitation
In Situ Growth
10-2
10-1
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
Inte
nsi
ty
0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1
q (Å-1
)
Stage1
Stage2
Stage3
Stage4
Stage5
Agglomerate regime
aggregate regime
primary particle
UNICAT USAXS
Stabilization TechniquesElectrostatic Stabilization
Steric Stabilization
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
Ion
ic s
tren
gth
(m
ol/l)
3002001000
Reaction time (min)
HS119
HS-SA133
HS-SA165HS-SA172
HS-SA183
**
*
*
*
*
Silicic Acid Neutralization
10-1
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
1010
Inte
nsi
ty (
cm)-1
0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1
q (Å)-1
RHS_SA_133_DSM rHS_SA_165_DSM rHS_SA_172_DSM rHS_SA_183_thickness_084_DSM rHS_11_thickness_087_DSM
Unmodified silica
Modified silica 1 HS-SA133
Modified silica 2 HS-SA165
Modified silica 3 HS-SA172
Modified silica 4 HS-SA182
Morphology of Modified Protocols
10-2
10-1
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
1010
Inte
nsi
ty (
cm)-1
0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1
q (Å)-1
'rHS_S1289_011.101' RHS11_baseline 'rHS_SA_183_thick'
Electrostatic
Steric
10-2
10-1
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
Inte
nsi
ty (
cm)-1
0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1
q (Å)-1
Stage 3 Suspensions 'rHS2000-Baseline' 'Copolymer Modified(SE-218-3)' 'Electrostatic modified'
PowderSolution
Agglomerate Evolution
Electrostatic
Steric
Early Slurry
Late Slurry Dry Powder
Comparison of Powder and Rubber Dispersion
10-2
10-1
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
Int
ensi
ty
0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1
q(Å-1)
-4
-4
HiSil 190 5% in Rubber
HiSil 190 Powder
Mechanical Properties
4
3
2
1
Str
ess
(MP
a)
121086420Strain (mm/mm)
RHS119 rSA_133 rHS_1289 rHS_2000 rRubber
Homemade
Commercial
Unfilled Rubber
Electrostatic
Steric
Filler dispersion in rubber