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DP01DESIGN ANDUNDERSTANDINGTECHNOLOGY FORREFRIGERATION AND AIRCONDITIONING

STATIC AND DYNAMICSMECHANICAL SEALS FORMECHANICS TRAINING

REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING

Photos and texts in this catalogue may not be reproduced without express and written authorization from PRODIT ENGINEERING S.p.A.

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PRODIT ENGINEERING SpAItalian Leading Technology in Education

▸ pag.6464

The proposal of DP “Drawing and Design” teaching aids is intended to suit students with basictechnical knowledge with the aim to give them the basic technological capacity and instructionsrelevant to daily used technical apparatus.

There is now wide agreement that the central mission of schooling is to develop lifelong learner -individuals who are motivated to continue learning and who have the basic skills to do so.

To encourage lifelong learning, the continued learning skills curriculum domain includes suchstandard plans as instructions in reading, listening, viewing, understanding, thinking about andspeaking using various information - retrieval systems including those made possible by analizingreal technical components such as machines or parts of them, automatism and instruments, selectingalternatives, trying out ideas, and other problem solving skills.

Prodit has designed various teaching aids which have a great instructional validity such asparticularly interesting versions of technological components and assemblable mechanical unitssuitable to upgrade the basic skills in mechanical and science technology.

STATIC AND DYNAMICS MECHANICAL SEALS FORMECHANICS TRAINING

To prevent leakage of a liquid between two moving parts where there is friction and consequent wearby means of a form of seal is a standard recurring problem to an engineer, whatever of these fieldshe is dealing with: automotive, hydraulics, pneumatics, mechanics, etc.

Yet, every day specifications for modern machines demand more power, greater speed, long runninglife, higher pressure and all of which, in turn, present a mandate for new materials, improved designand better methods of sealing.

Prodit presents different kind of seals, mainly divided in static seals (where sealing takes placebetween surfaces which do not move relative to one another) and dynamic seals (where sealing takeplace between surfaces which have relative movement). These teaching aids help the student to gain confidence in choosing the best sealing for a givenapplication and about their correct assembling.

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REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONINGPhotos and texts in this catalogue may not be reproduced without express and written authorization from PRODIT ENGINEERING S.p.A.

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LIP RING SEALS ON ROTATING SHAFT FOR LOW AND MEDIUM PRESSUREStatic and dynamic mechanical seals for mechanics training

The set essentially shows the following two kinds of seals:a) DP01UN/100/001A

Lip ring seal on rotating shaft for low pressureb) DP01UN/100/001B

Lip ring seal on rotating shaft for medium pressure

The mechanics teaching aid is actually composed by a double unit: one can be assembled and disassembled by students while the other issectioned to show correct assembling.Lip ring seals are suitable for mineral and hydraulic oil, lubricating oil for transmission, lubricating grease and one usually used for bearings.One seal is used for low pressure (0.1÷0.2 bar max) and the other for medium pressure (7 bar max). An explanatory plate is supplied tounderline typical uses, specifications and technical drawing. The correct assembling of the relevant mechanical parts is clearly shown.

Code: DP01UN/100/001

SEALS ON ROTATING SHAFT AND ROTATING SURFACEStatic and dynamic mechanical seals for mechanics training

This educational unit clearly shows the following two kinds of seals:a) DP01UN/100/002A

Lip ring seal on rotating shaft for installation in dirty placesb) DP01UN/100/002B

Seal on rotating surface with frontal seal

The didactical unit is actually composed by a double unit: one can be assembled and disassembled by students while the other is sectioned fordidactical purposes. The lip ring seal on rotating shaft suitable for mineral lubricating oil, is projected for installation in dusty places and is keptautomatically clean by a small leakage: its working pressure is 0.1bar max. The seal on rotating surfaces with frontal seal, suitable for water orclean lubricant, is suitable for centrifugal pumps and for a working pressure 0.5 bar max. The unit is complete with an explanatory plate thatincludes typical uses, drawing and assembling notes of the relevant mechanical parts.




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LABYRINTH AND PACKED GLAND SEALS ON ROTATING SHAFTStatic and dynamic mechanical seals for mechanics training

This teaching aid clearly demonstrates the following two kinds of seals:a) DP01UN/100/003A

Labyrinth seal on rotating shaftb) DP01UN/100/003B

Packed gland seal on rotating shaft

The unit is actually composed by a double unit: one can be disassembled and assembled by students while the other is sectioned to allowstudents to understand correct assembling. The labyrinth seal is suitable for lubricating oil in that field of applications where high speed shaftsare required. The packed gland seal is used in water pumps at a working pressure of 15 bar max. Unit is complete with an explanatory plateincluding field of applications, technical specifications, drawings and assembling notes.


SEALS ON ROTATING SHAFT WITH FRONT SLIDING SURFACEStatic and dynamics mechanical seals for mechanics training

This educational unit clearly shows the following two kinds of seals:a) DP01UN/100/004A

Seal on rotating shaft with front sliding surface and o-ring static sealsb) DP01UN/100/004B

Seal on rotating shaft with front sliding surface and static seals with forced bushing

The didactical unit is actually composed by a double unit: one can be assembled and disassembled by students while the other is sectioned toshow correct assembling. The seals are suitable for mineral lubricating oil, oil for hydraulic controls and lubricating grease and are usually usedfor bearings. The seal with front sliding surface and o-ring static seal can be used up to 0.1÷0.2 bar while the seal with front sliding surface andstatic seals with forced bushing can be used up to 7 bar. An explanatory plate is supplied to highlight typical uses, specifications and technicaldrawing showing in particular seals correct assembling on the shaft.



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FELT TYPE SEAL ON ROTATING SHAFTStatic and dynamic mechanical seals for mechanics training

The didactical aid is actually composed by a double unit: one can be assembled and disassembled by students while the other is sectioned toshow correct assembling.

The felt type seal on rotating shaft is suitable for mineral grease in absence of fluid pressure.

Complete with explanatory plate to underline working conditions, technical drawings and correct assembling.


SEALS ON DOUBLE-ACTING CYLINDER ROD WITH A TWO LIPS GASKETSet of mechanical axial sliding dynamic seals

This set clearly illustrates the following two kinds of seals:a) DP01UN/101/001A

Seal on double-acting cylinder with a two-lips gasketb) DP01UN/101/001B

Seal on cylinder rod with a two-lips gasket complete with scraper ring

The mechanics teaching aid is actually composed by a double unit: one can be assembled and disassembled while the other is sectioned fordidactical purposes. The seals on double-acting cylinder, suitable for filtered and lubricated air and for oleodynamic drives, are generally usedin hydraulics and pneumatics fields. They can work up to a pressure of 100 bar. The unit is supplied complete with an explanatory plate tounderline working conditions, technical drawing and correct seals assembling on the shaft.




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SEAL ON SINGLE-ACTING CYLINDER AND CYLINDER ROD WITH A SIMPLE LIP GASKETSet of mechanical axial sliding dynamic seals

This teaching aid clearly shows the following two kinds of seals:a) DP01UN/101/002A

Seal on single-acting cylinder with a simple lip gasketb) DP01UN/101/002B

Seal on cylinder rod with a lip gasket complete with scraper ring

The unit is actually composed by a double unit: one can be assembled and disassembled while the other is sectioned to allow students tounderstand correct assembling. The seals on single acting cylinder, suitable for filtered and lubricated air and for oleodynamic drives, aregenerally used in hydraulics and pneumatics field. The working pressure is up to 70 bar. The didactical unit is complete with an explanatory plateincluding typical uses, specifications and assembling drawings.


SEALS ON DOUBLE-ACTING CYLINDER AND CYLINDER ROD WITH LIP GASKETS FORLOW PRESSURESet of mechanical axial sliding dynamic seals

This teaching aid clearly illustrates the following two kinds of seals:a) DP01UN/101/003A

Seal on double-acting cylinder with a lip gasket for low pressureb) DP01UN/101/003B

Seal on cylinder rod with a lip gasket for low pressure

The unit is actually composed by a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled while the other is sectioned for didactical purposes. Theseals, suitable for filtered and lubricated air, are generally used in pneumatics field. The seal on double-acting cylinder can reach a workingpressure of 35 bar; the seal on cylinder rod can reach a working pressure of 25 bar. The unit is supplied complete with an explanatory plate tohighlight typical uses, drawings and correct assembling of the relevant mechanical parts.



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CYLINDER ROD CLEANER RINGSSet of mechanical axial sliding dynamic seals

This educational unit clearly shows the following two kinds of seals.a) DP01UN/101/004A

Cylinder rod cleaner rings. Forced fixingb) DP01UN/101/004B

Cylinder rod cleaner rings in a hollow seat

The didactical unit is actually composed by a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled while the other is sectioned for didacticpurposes. The cylinder rod cleaners, suitable for dry working, are generally used in hydraulics and pneumatics fields: they work in absence ofpressure. The unit is supplied complete with an explanatory plate that underlines typical uses, working conditions and seals correct assembling.


SEAL ON DOUBLE ACTING CYLINDER WITH GASKETS AND PRESSURE RINGSet of mechanical axial sliding dynamic seals

The unit is actually composed by a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled while the other is sectioned to allow students to understandcorrect assembling.

The seal on double-acting cylinder with gaskets and pressure ring, suitable for oleodynamic drives oil, is used for hydraulic cylinders that workin heavy conditions.

The working pressure reaches 350 bar max.

The didactic unit is complete with an explanatory plate that highlights typical uses, working conditions and assembling drawings.




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SEAL ON LONG-STROKE CYLINDER RODSet of mechanical axial sliding dynamic seals

The unit is actually composed by a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled while the other is sectioned for teaching purposes.

The seal on long-stroke cylinder, suitable for lubricated compressed air and oil for oleodynamic drives, is used in pneumatic cylinders and in lowpressure hydraulic cylinders.

The working pressure is up to 100 bar max.

The didactic unit is supplied complete with an explanatory plate to underline typical uses, drawings and correct assembling of the relevantmechanical parts.


SEAL ON CYLINDER ROD WITH GASKET IN A HOLLOW SETSet of mechanical axial sliding dynamic seals

The didactical unit is actually composed by a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled while the other is sectioned for teachingpurposes.

The seal on cylinder rod with gasket in a hollow seat, suitable for lubricated compressed air and for oleodynamic drives oil, is generally used inpneumatics and hydraulics fileds.

The working pressure reaches 200 bar max.

The unit is supplied complete with an explanatory plate to underline typical uses, working conditions and correct seal assembling.



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O-RING SEALS ON SHAFT AND CYLINDERSet of mechanical static seals

This set clearly demonstrates the following two kinds of seals:a) DP01UN/102/001A

O-ring seals on shaft and cylinder for low and medium pressuresb) DP01UN/102/001B

O-ring seals on shaft and cylinder for high pressure

The unit is actually composed by a double-unit: one can be assembled/disassembled while the other is sectioned for teaching purposes. Theo-ring seals are suitable for mineral lubricating oil, lubricating grease, air and water: the one projected for high pressure is not limited at 300 barmax as the one for medium pressure. The didactical unit is supplied complete with an explanatory plate that underlines typical uses, workingconditions and seals correct assembling.


O-RING SEALS ON FLAT FLANGESet of mechanical static seals

This educational unit clearly illustrates the following two kinds of seals:a) DP01UN/102/002A

O-ring seals on flat flange in a hollow seatb) DP01UN/102/002B

O-ring on flat flange in a conical seat

The unit is actually composed by a double unit: one can be disassembled/assembled while the other is sectioned for didactic purposes. The o-ring seals, suitable for mineral lubricant, mineral grease, air and water, are not limited by a particular working pressure value. The didactic unitis complete with an explanatory plate that includes typical uses, drawings and assembling notes of the relevant mechanical parts.




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SEAL ON FLAT FLANGE AND PACKED SEAL ON SHAFTSet of mechanical static seals

This teaching aid clearly illustrates the following two kinds of seals:a) DP01UN/102/003A

Seal on flat flange with a flat sealb) DP01UN/102/003B

Seal on shaft or rods with packing gland

The unit is actually composed by a double unit: one can be assembled-disassembled and the other is sectioned for teaching purposes. Theseals can be used with different materials (it depends on the kind of materials the seal is made of). The seal on flat flange with a flat seal is notlimited by a particular working pressure while the seal on shaft or rods with packing gland is suitable for 10 bar max in order to preserve the rodfunctionality. The didactic unit is complete with an explanatory plate that underlines typical uses, technical specifications and drawings showingthe correct seals assembling.


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DP02DESIGN ANDUNDERSTANDINGTECHNOLOGY FORREFRIGERATION ANDAIR CONDITIONING

ROLLING AND SLIDING BEARINGFOR MECHANICS TRAINING



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The proposal of DP “Drawing and Design” teaching aids is intended to suit students with basictechnical knowledge with the aim to give them the basic technological capacity and instructionsrelevant to daily used technical apparatus.



Prodit has designed various teaching aids which have a great instructional validity such asparticularly interesting versions of technological components and assemblable mechanical unitssuitable to upgrade the basic skills in mechanical and science technology.

ROLLING AND SLIDING BEARING FORMECHANICS TRAINING

Bearings and supports are the basical parts of machineries, equipments and apparates.

The problem of friction (and the efforts to reduce it) is particularly important in mechanicaltransmissions that imply couplings between rotating shafts and their relevant supports. Drivingshafts, gear shafts, chuck shafts in tool machinery and, in general, all transmission shafts usuallyrotate at high sped being subjected to strong stresses. Without devices, useful to reduce frictionbetween shafts and relevant supports, we would have not only strong energy losses scattered asheat but the mechanism functioning itself would be damaged due to fast wear of coupled parts.

Prodit presents a wide range of sliding and rolling bearings, useful to allow the students to gain thenecessary basic technical knowledge in the field of friction reduction, so fundamental for modernindustry. Moreover Prodit teaching aids help the student to gain confidence in choosing the bestconnections for a given application and about their correct assembling.

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SUPPORTING UNITS WITH RADIAL BALL BEARING, OPEN, SHIELDED, AND WATERTIGHTTYPERolling and sliding bearing for mechanics training

This educational unit clearly shows the following three kinds of bearings:a) DP02UN/100/001A - Supporting units with radial ball bearing. One row ball bearing open typeb) DP02UN/100/001B - Supporting units with radial ball bearing. One row ball bearing shielded typec) DP02UN/100/001C - Supporting units with radial ball bearing. One row ball bearing watertight type

Each real bearing, belonging to the didactic panel, is realized with a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled and the other is sectionedfor training purposes. The radial one row ball bearing (open type) has a simple design and it is suitable for both low and high speed applicationsto be used generally on rotating shaft. The radial one row ball bearing with sliding water proof seals is wear resistant thanks to its sheet-steelreinforcement. The radial one row ball bearing with shields is used in applications that require high revolution speed. The didactical unit iscomplete with an explanatory plate that underlines typical uses, technical specifications and drawings showing the correct seals assembling onthe shaft.


SUPPORTING UNITS WITH RADIAL ROLLING CYLINDRICAL BEARING WITH INNER ANDOUTER SLIDING RINGRolling and sliding bearing for mechanics training

This teaching aid clearly illustrates the following two kinds of bearings:a) DP02UN/100/002A

Supporting unit with radial rolling bearing. One row of cylindrical rollers with an outer sliding ringb) DP02UN/100/002B

Supporting unit with radial rolling bearing. One row of cylindrical rollers with an inner sliding ring

Each real bearing belonging to the didactic panel, is realized with a double unit: one can be disassembled/assembled and the other is sectionedfor training purposes. The radial rolling bearing, due to its profile, is able to achieve optimum stress distribution: thanks to this characteristic theradial rolling bearing is suitable for high speed applications with high radial loads involved. The radial rolling bearing with inner sliding ring isused to axially constrain the shaft in both directions by means of a shoulder. The unit is complete with an explanatory plate underlining typicaluses, technical specifications and drawings showing the correct seals assembling.




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SUPPORTING UNIT WITH ROLLING AXIAL BALL-BEARING, SINGLE-ACTING UNITRolling and sliding bearing for mechanics training

Each real bearing, belonging to the didactic panel, is realized with a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled and the other is sectionedfor training purposes.

The axial ball bearing, easy to be assembled, is able to withstand axial loads acting toward one direction only and it is generally used in the fieldof rotating shafts.

The unit is supplied complete with an explanatory plate including uses, specifications and correct assembling drawings.


SUPPORTING UNIT WITH ROLLING AXIAL BALL-BEARING, OBLIQUE CONTACTS ANDDOUBLE ACTING UNITRolling and sliding bearing for mechanics training

Each real bearing, belonging to the didactic panel, is realized with a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled and the other is sectionedto allow students to understand correct assembling.

The oblique contacts axial ball bearing is generally used for high speed rotating shaft in machines that require high precision.

The didactic unit is complete with an explanatory plate that underlines typical uses, technical specifications and drawings that show correct sealsassembling on the shaft.



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SUPPORTING UNIT WITH ADJUSTABLE ROLLER AXIAL ROLLING BEARINGRolling and sliding bearing for mechanics training

Each real bearing, belonging to the didactical panel, is realized with a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled and the other issectioned for teaching purposes.

The adjustable roller axial rolling bearing is able to withstand both axial and radial loads and, thanks to its steer ability, it can withstandmaladjustment between shaft and slot.

The didactic unit is supplied with an explanatory plate that underlines typical uses, technical specifications and drawings that show correct sealassembling.


SUPPORTING UNIT WITH NEEDLE AXIAL ROLLING BEARINGRolling and sliding bearing for mechanics training.

Each real bearing, belonging to the didactic panel, is realized with a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled and the other is sectionedfor teaching purposes.

The needle axial rolling bearings are generally used with rotating shafts, whenever compact solutions are required.

The didactic unit is supplied with an explanatory plate that highlights typical uses, technical specifications and drawings showing correct sealsassembling.




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ROLLING OBLIQUE BEARING SUPPORTING UNIT. ONE AND TWO BALL ROWRolling and sliding bearing for mechanics training

Each real bearing, belonging to the didactical panel, is realized with a double unit: one can be disassembling/assembled and the other issectioned for didactical purposes.

Double-row ball oblique bearings are generally used in high speed rotating shaft applications where high loads have to be substained.

It is also used in heavy industry, tool machines and wheel hubs.

The didactic unit is equipped with an explanatory plate including typical uses, technical drawings and assembling notes relevant to mechanicalparts involved.


TAPER ROLLER ROLLING BEARINGS SUPPORT UNITRolling and sliding bearing for mechanics training

Each real bearing, belonging to the didactical panel is realized with a double unit: one can be disassembled/assembled while the other issectioned for didactic purposes.

The taper roller rolling bearings are used on rotating shafts whenever compact solutions are required.

The unit is supplied with an explanatory plate including typical use, technical specifications and drawings, showing the correct seals assembling.



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ADJUSTABLE ROLLING BEARING UNIT. DOUBLE BALL ROWS AND DOUBLE ROLLERROWSRolling and sliding bearing for mechanics training

Each real bearing, belonging to the didactical panel, is realized with a double unit: one can be assembled and disassembled, the other issectioned for teaching purposes.

The adjustable double-row ball bearings are generally used in every application where assembling errors or shaft deflections may producemaladjustments.

The unit is supplied complete with an explanatory plate underling typical uses, technical specifications and drawings showing correctassembling of the relevant mechanical parts.


SHAFT SUPPORTING UNIT WITH HALF BEARING OF ANTIFRICTION MATERIALSet of rotating sliding bearings

Each unit, belonging to the didactical panel, is realized with a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled while the other is sectioned forteaching purposes.

The unit shows clearly the relevant mechanical element: piston rings, piston pin, the connecting rods and the relevant bushings.

For lubrication purposes the unit design allows drying up and seizure prevention, and cuts down friction losses; surfaces are very well protectedagainst corrosion due to combustion.

The didactic unit includes an explanatory plate to underline typical uses, specifications and technical drawings useful to show correctassembling.




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SHAFT SUPPORTING UNIT WITH SELF-LUBRICANT SINTERED PLAIN BEARINGSet of rotating sliding bearings

Each real bearing, belonging to the didactical panel, is realized with a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled, the other is sectionedfor didactic purposes.

The shaft supporting unit with self-lubricant sintered plain bearing is very light but realized for long life.

The didactic unit is supplied with an explanatory plate including working conditions, technical specification and drawings showing correctassembling of the relevant mechanical parts.


SHAFT SUPPORTING UNIT WITH PLAIN BEARING OF ANTIFRICTION MATERIALSet of rotating sliding bearings

Each real bearing, belonging to the didactic panel, is realized with a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled and the other is sectionedfor teaching purposes.

This shaft supporting unit is widely used in those industrial applications where no maintenance or lubrication are required such as automotive,railway industry, pumps and valves, textile industry, household appliances and machine tools.

It can withstand high load and is made for long life without maintenance.

The unit is supplied with an explanatory plate including typical uses, working conditions and technical drawings showing correct assembling ofthe relevant mechanical parts.



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SHAFT SUPPORTING UNIT WITH PLAIN BEARING IN SELF-LUBRICANT PLASTICMATERIALSet of rotating sliding bearings

Each bearing, belonging to the didactical panel, is realized with a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled, the other is sectioned forteaching purposes.

The shaft supporting unit with plain bearing in self-lubricant plastic material is highly recommended in applications that don’t require lubricationor for mechanical components that are to withstand high loads even at low temperatures (seals, rings, joints, bushes, piston rings, etc.)

The didactic unit is complete with an explanatory plate that includes working conditions, technical specifications and drawings, showing correctassembling of the relevant mechanical parts.


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DP03DESIGN ANDUNDERSTANDINGTECHNOLOGY FORREFRIGERATION ANDAIR CONDITIONING

CONNECTION AND FITTINGS FORMOTION TRANSFER FORMECHANICS TRAINING



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The proposal of DP “Drawing and Design” teaching aids is intended to suit student with basictechnical knowledge with the aim to give them the basic technological jobs and instructions relevantto both daily used technical apparatus.



Prodit Co. has designed various teaching aids which have a great instructional validity such asparticularly interesting versions of technological components and assemblable mechanical unitssuitable to upgrade the basic skills in mechanical and science technology.

CONNECTION AND FITTINGS FOR MOTION TRANSFERFOR MECHANICS TRAINING

Nowadays in modern industry, from automotive to household appliance applications, motion transferhas become a fundamental matter. Excellent connections between movers and their relevanttransmission parts can assure safety in functioning, high performances and longlife, things that areof paramount importance for mechanical systems.

Motion based equipment and machineries need motion transfer between drive parts and driven parts.Motion can be rotational, sliding or others but always between the two parts joined a suitable kind ofconnection or fitting must be used.

Prodit presents a wide range of different motion transfer connections, intended to give the studentthe basic technical knowledge in the field. Moreover Prodit’s teaching aids help the student to gainconfidence in choosing the best connections for a given application and about their correctassembling.To connect a hub (or pulley, cogged wheel, fly-wheel etc.) to a shaft, that transmits therotary movement, it is possible to use several means that differ according to the kind of connectionrequired. Keys, forced in their relevant keyslots either on the hub or on the shaft, are used for fixedconnections that don’t require frequent assembling/disassembling operations. Feathers are used toallow axial sliding of the hub on the shaft (for example in milling machine assembling); they act onlyon shaft keyslot sides. Channelled profiles, made either on the hub or on the shaft, are used to bearheavy loads also during functioning or to allow axial sliding of the hub. Al last, pins or tapered pins,forced in holes made on the two parts to connect, are used for connections that don’t requireparticular transmission stresses.

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TYPICAL FIXING OF SUNK GIB-HEADED KEYConnection and fittings for motion transfer for mechanics training

Each connection, belonging to the didactic panel, is realized with a double unit: the first one to be assembled and disassembled by the studentswhile the second one is sectioned to show the correct assembling.

Keys are a useful way to connect a hub (a pulley or a flywheel, etc.) to a shaft that transmits the rotary movement. They are particularly indicatedin those applications of industrial motion transfer that don’t require frequent assembling/disassembling operations.

Sunk gib-headed keys are provided with a rise at one end that allows one side disconnection of the hub. This feature is very useful when theother side of the hub is inaccessible.

An explanatory plate is supplied to underline typical uses, drawing and assembling notes of the relevant mechanical parts.


TYPICAL FIXING OF A FIXED SUNK KEYConnection and fittings for motion transfer for mechanics training


Keys are a useful way to connect a hub (pulley or a flywheel, etc.) to a shaft that transmits the rotary movement. They are particularly indicatedin those applications of industrial motion transfer that don’t require frequent assembling/disassembling operations. Fixed sunk keys are axiallyfixed by means of shoulders the seat is provided with; the hub is fixed thanks to a bolt. Fixed sunk keys are very useful when it is not possibleto have on the hub a sufficient length seat.





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TYPICAL FIXING OF A STRAIGHT SUNK KEYConnection and fittings for motion transfer for mechanics training

Each connection, belonging to the didactic panel, is realized with a double unit. The first one to be assembled and disassembled by the studentswhile the second one is sectioned to show the correct assembling.


Straight sunk keys are the most common. Key slots on both hub and shaft are arranged on their spline and have about double length withrespect to the key. They are machined by disk-type milling cutter.



TYPICAL FIXING OF A FLAT GIB-HEADED KEYConnection and fittings for motion transfer for mechanics training

Each connection, belonging to the didactic panel, is realized with a double unit: the first one to be assembled and disassembled by the studentswhile the second one is sectioned to show the correct assembling.Keys are a useful way to connect a hub (a pulley or a flywheel, etc.) to a shaft that transmits the rotary movement. They are particularly indicatedin those applications of industrial motion transfer that don’t require frequent assembling/disassembling operations.

Flat gib headed keys are provided with a rise at one end which enhances their thickness. The rise is very useful to remove the key when it isnot possible push it out from the opposite direction it has been fixed as usually occurs.

When possible, it is advisable to cover the rise with a snap ring for safety reasons.




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TYPICAL FIXING OF A FLAT KEYConnection and fittings for motion transfer for mechanics training



Flat keys are generally used for connections that require reduced strains. keyslot on hub is arranged for its spline only and the bearing on theshaft consists of a simple flattening.



TYPICAL FIXING OF A SADDLE GIB-HEADED KEYConnection and fittings for motion transfer for mechanics training



The lower surface of a saddle gib headed key has a transversal concavity and merely lens against the shaft. The key seat is made on the hub.Saddle keys, thanks to their concave shape, don’t require any kind of particular working on the shaft.





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TYPICAL FIXING OF A SADDLE KEYConnection and fittings for motion transfer for mechanics training


Keys are a useful way to connect a hub (a pulley or a flywheel, etc.) to a shaft that transmits the rotary movement.

They are particularly indicated in those applications of industrial motion transfer that don’t require frequent assembling/disassemblingoperations.

Saddle keys are generally used for reduced strain connections. They are wedged only in the hub in the relevant key seat.



TYPICAL FIXING OF A STRAIGHT FEATHER KEYSet of feather keys for shaft-hub fit

each connection, belonging to the didactic panel, is realized with a double unit: the first one to be assembled and disassembled by the studentswhile the second one is sectioned to show the correct assembling.

Feather keys assure the connection between shaft and hub but they don’t have any inclinations and act with lateral sides.

Feather keys are used to replace normal keys when frequent hub assembling/disassembling operations are required.

Straight feather keys consist of prism with constant rectangular cross-section. The keyslot on the shaft, on which they are mounted, must havea length superior to that of the feather key.




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TYPICAL FIXING OF A FIXED FEATHER KEYSSet of feather keys for shaft-hub fit




Fixed feather keys have rounded shaped ends. They are inserted in keyslots of the same shape and dimensions. The hub is fixed by means ofshoulders that are connected to the rotating shaft.



TYPICAL FIXING OF A STRAIGHT FEATHER KEY WITH HOLESSet of feather keys for shaft-hub fit




Straight feather keys with holes allow remarkable hub sliding along the shaft and are locked to the shaft by lateral screws.





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TYPICAL FIXING OF A FIXED FEATHER KEY WITH HOLESSet of feather keys for shaft-hub fit




Fixed feather keys with holes are fixed to the hub by two lateral screws. Between the two holes there is a threaded hole useful to extract thefeather key from its keyslot.



TYPICAL FIXING OF A WOODRUFF KEYSet of feather keys for shaft-hub fit




Woodruff keys are particularly used in automotive and in tools machinery. They are generally used in reducing strain applications with theadvantage that either the key (derived from a disk) or the keyslot are very easy to make. They are used for end connection on cylindrical andconical shafts.




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TYPICAL FIXING OF SPLINED PROFILES WITH A NARROW BEARING AND INNERCENTERING FOR FITTING FIXED PARTSSet of splined profiles for shaft-hub fit

Each connection, belonging to the didactic panel, is realized with a double unit: the first one to be assembled and disassembled by the studentswhile the second one is sectioned to shown the correct assembling.

Hub and shaft connection can be realized with multiple splines made in both hub and shaft. This kind of connection is fundamental in high strainsapplications and when is required the sliding between hub and shaft also during normal functioning (for example speed change by means ofsliding gears).

This particular splined profile has narrow bearing and inner centering for fitting fixed parts.



TYPICAL FIXING OF SPLINED PROFILES WITH A MEDIUM BEARING AND INNERCENTERING FOR FITTING FIXED AND SLIDING PARTSSet of splined profiles for shaft-hub fit



This particular spined profile has medium bearing and inner centering for fitting fixed and sliding parts.





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TYPICAL FIXING WITH A BROAD BEARING AND SIDE CENTERING FOR FITTING FIXEDAND SLIDING PARTSSet of splined profiles for shaft-hub fit



This particular splined profile has a broad bearing and side centering for fitting fixed and sliding parts.



TYPICAL FIXING OF TOOL CONNECTION WITH MORSE CONE TANG-BUSHING FIT, SIMPLEDRIVINGSet of morse cones (tangs and bushing)


A morse is one of the most common forms of self-holding taper and it is normally used for most drills, reamers and lathe center shanks.

Smaller sizes of self-holding tapered shanks are provided with a tang to help drive the cutting tool.

This tool connection with morse cone is simple driving.




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TYPICAL FIXING OF TOOL CONNECTION WITH MORSE CONE TANG-BUSHING FIT,FORCED DRIVINGSet of morse cones (tangs and bushings)


A morse is one of the most common forms of self-holding taper and it is normally used for most drills, reamers and lathe center shanks.

Smaller sizes of self-holding tapered shanks are provided with a tang to help drive the cutting tool.

This tool connection with morse cone is forced driving.



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