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Design thinking

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Habib AB MUKMIN, M. Sc (Mechanical), M.Sc (Innovation Management) Technip Malaysia 13th December 2013

Design Methodology, Problem Solving and Creative ThinkingFooter can be customized2Table of contents Definition What is design methodology?Why we need DM ?Who should use DMHow to use DMDiscussion

Footer can be customized3INTRODUCTION-This is not a lecture

-This a highly interactive sharing/discussion session.

-Participants need to participate

-Questions/ Differences in opinion can be raised at any time (politely )

Footer can be customized41. Candle Problem*FootNoteHow to fix a lit candle on a wall (a cork board) in a way so the candle wax won't drip onto the table below. To do so, one may only use the following along with the candle: ?

a book of matches/lighter

a box of thumbtacksFooter can be customized5Discussion : Post Candle ProblemAre you suprised by the solution

How you start the problem?

How you identify possible solutions?

Any opinion?Footer can be customized6

2. Definition : What is design methodology? *FootNoteThe man who sets out to carry a cat by its tail learns something that will always be useful and which never will grow dim or doubtful. --Mark TwainWhat is design anyway ? Design covers huge dimensionsit can be fashion design, paintingsetc.

We limit our discussion/scope on Engineering Design i.e. a systematic process in which designers generate, evaluate, and specify devices, systems, or processes whose form and function achieve objectiveswhile satisfying constraints.

Footer can be customized7

2. Definition : What is design methodology? *FootNoteThe man who sets out to carry a cat by its tail learns something that will always be useful and which never will grow dim or doubtful. --Mark TwainIf its the case then design methodology is (literally) :

A system of methods in a systematic process in which designers generate, evaluate, and specify devices, systems, or processes whose form and function achieve objectives while satisfying constraints.

Footer can be customized83. Philosophical Debate : What is design activity?.

Design Situation Model (Prudhomme et al.)Footer can be customized92. Why we need DM ?

*FootNoteCase Study : Airbus A380 Cable Tray Harnessing 3D Model Integration Problem

Feedback : Footer can be customized104. Why we need DM ?

*FootNoteDesign is a complex activity (Multinationals, Multidiscipline, Multi-cultures..)

Many engineering problems and challenges are unprecedented (Cost, Quality,Time + Uncertain Design Constraints )

Experience is good but it kills creativity ( Experienced people are resistant to change the status quo)

DM can help converging to the optimum solutions.

Lessons learnt !!!!

Footer can be customized11Who should use DM

*FootNoteOil and Gas Projects Mostly in EPCIC/ LSTK nature.Footer can be customized12Who should use DM

Common Problems (to name a few)FEED The problem is more on the difficulty of determining the conceptual selection, in line with current technology offered by vendor.Poor problem formulation, Failure to search existing solutions,

Detail Engineering Deviations/ Non-Compliance from bidders, Selecting the best bidder ( Technical Aspects/ Commercial Ratio).

Functional Study- Integration of the Equipment into the Module (Layout, Vent line, Material Handling, HFE, etc)

Managing change from Process (and other disciplines)

HAZOP/Safety Action Items/ Weight Controlling

Poor quality of vendor data/ Poor communication between Vendor and PE

Footer can be customized13Examples of Design Methods *FootNoteTRIZ

Pugh Concept Selection

Brain Storming

And Many More

Footer can be customized14TRIZ ( Theory of Inventive Problem Solving) Genrich Altshuller Sought to identify patterns in the patent literature (1946) "Creativity as an Exact Science" translated in 1988. The basic concept Define problems as contradictions Compare them to solutions of a similar form Provide a large database of physical phenomena Anticipate trends in technical evolution

Footer can be customized15Application of TRIZ for CIP (Ichthys Project)Problem Formulation :

CLIENT wants to reduce weight of the package. At the same time, the foot print of the package must be maintained Footer can be customized16Current Layout

Footer can be customized17TRIZ Matrix : Contradictions design aspects

Footer can be customized18TRIZ Sol. : Follow Principle no. 2 (taking out)

Footer can be customized19TRIZ Matrix: Solution proposed to vendor

Footer can be customized20Pugh Concept Selection

Footer can be customized21Pugh Concept Selection :Controlled ConvergenceThis is Pughs vision of the conceptual phase of design

Takes us from a specification to a concept

Convergent and divergent thinking equally important

A major advantage of controlled convergence over other matrix selection methods is that it allows alternative convergent (analytic) and divergent (synthetic) thinking to occur, since as the reasoning proceeds and a reduction in the number of concepts comes about for rational reasons, new concepts are generated. Stuart Pugh

Footer can be customized22Pugh Concept Selection :Using Pugh Matrix

Footer can be customized23Pugh Concept Selection :Pugh Matrix

Footer can be customized24Pugh Concept Selection :Pugh MatrixAnything what you have done as PE at Technip similar to this methodology ???? Footer can be customized25BrainstormingDefer judgmentBuild upon the ideas of othersOne conversation at a timeStay focuses on the topicEncourage wild ideas

Footer can be customized26How to use DM

*FootNote-As a Package Engineer we are in fact using DM (in detail engineering).

There are no unique methods that are applicable for every design problem.

Engineers need to be creative and innovative in finding solution.

Footer can be customized27Discussion/ Question