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Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How! IEEE IoT Vertical and Topical Summit at IEEE RWW2018 Adam Drobot Forum IoT Tunisia 2018 April 27 th , 2018

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Page 1: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!

IEEE IoT Vertical and Topical Summit at IEEE RWW2018January 14-15, 2018

Adam DrobotForum IoT Tunisia 2018April 27th, 2018

Page 2: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

Outline

• Why:• Value and Benefits• Level of Value• Examples of Value from the Internet of Things!

• What:• What is IoT?• Where is IoT in its Lifecycle?• A life Cycle View• Key ingredients• Dealing with Complexity

• How:• The basic ingredients for IoT?• Satisfying the Requirements - IoT Economics• How will IoT Evolve?

- Many many verticals and many differing requirements- Likely outcomes- The element of time

Page 3: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

Where to Start?

Page 4: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

• IoT can impact:– Goods

– Services

– Manufacturing

– Internal Processes

Why: Value and Benefits from IoT

Page 5: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

Why: Value and Benefits from IoT

• The Value of IoT can come from:– Better Decision Making

– Lowering Costs• Optimization

• Re-design or Re-factoring

• Improving Operations

– Avoidance of Disruptions

– Improving Return from Assets

– Increasing Yields (Productivity)

– Delivering new desirable features for goods and service

– Performance

– …………..

Example from BNSF IoTImplementation – IEEE PHM2017

Page 6: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

Why: Level of Value from IoT

Value and

Level of

Implementation

Why: Diagnostic

Understanding Root Causes

What: Descriptive

Situational Awareness

When: Prognostic

Predicting whenProblemsWill happen

How: Prescriptive

Automation inDealing withProblems

OptimizedSolutions

Page 7: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

Why: Examples of IoT

• Many of the ideas behind IoT applications are not new

• The difference between then and now is:

In the past

– Each Application was built in isolation and for a limited number of uses

– Often the cost required National means and was linked to an National goal or imperative

Today

– The economics that drive IoT are driven by wide availability of IT, Communication, and Operational Technologies, that have benefited from the scale of global markets, and investments to continue improvements in performance (in many different ways)

– The deployment of the infrastructure building blocks for IoT is deep and greatly drops the threshold for achieving a return on investment!

Page 8: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

Why: Examples of IoT

• IoT is likely to touch every sector of the world economy impacting – Products, Services, and Processes across both vertical and horizontal markets.

Aspect Products Services Processes

5. Critical Human Safety

4. Essential High Societal Value, Infrastructure,

3. Important High Economic or Functional Value

2. Convenientand Efficient

Management of Personal Affairs, Aspects of Commercial and Industrial Systems

1. Casual Entertainment, Lifestyle

Page 9: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

Why: Examples of IoT

Ref: Brian Buntz Sept 20,2017 - http://www.ioti.com/industrial-iot-iiot/top-20-industrial-iot-applications

Magna Steyr

• Smart and Future Factorieso Asset Tracking of Components and

Toolso Condition Based Maintenanceo Supply Chain Integrationo Efficiency of Operations

• Wearables to guide employees• Autonomous Movement of Parts

Boeing

Airbus

Page 10: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

Why: Examples of IoT

Ref: Brian Buntz Sept 20,2017 - http://www.ioti.com/industrial-iot-iiot/top-20-industrial-iot-applications

• Reinventing Warehousingo Limits of Automationo Human-Machine Collaborationo Connected Robotso Efficiency of Operations

• Extensive data gathering and analytics• Condition based maintenance throughout

• Intelligent Logisticso Instrumented and Connected Vesselso Instrumented and Connected Cargo

Containers with Environmental Controls

• Keeping track of assets• Optimizing routing and fuel consumption• Efficiency of Operations

Maersk

Amazon

Page 11: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

Why: Examples of IoT

• Precision Agriculture

o Arable Cropso Orchardso Vegetables and Greenso Forestryo Animal Husbandryo Aquacultureo

• Functions

o Irrigationo Pest Controlo Soil Controlo Crop Monitoringo Seedingo Harvesting

Page 12: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

Why: Examples of IoT

• HealthCare

o Practice of Medicineo Emergency Responseo Public Healtho Environmento Personal Healtho Research

• Functions

o Monitoringo Medicationo Analysiso Data Curationo Alertingo Treatmento Telemedicine

Page 13: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

Why: Examples of IoT

• Education

o Preschoolo G1-12 Educationo Vocational Educationo Collegeo Continuing Educationo Trainingo Coaching

Page 14: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

What: A View of IoT

• The catch phrase “The Internet of Things” is a general term – highly overloaded. – Represents many ideas

– Comes in a multitude of forms

– Brings value for a broad range of products, services, processes, and end use applications.

• What the ideas have in common is:– Deep digitization – from analog to digital, mechanical to electronic,..

– Use of an increasingly pervasive and globally accessible infrastructure

– Connectivity ranging from local to global – approaching ubiquity

– Long lived protocols and standards – preserving investment

– Generation and gathering of “data” – from many sources in many forms

– Exploitation of computing - analysis methods, algorithms, techniques

– Progress in closing the “control loop” - automation by design

Page 15: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

What: A View of IoT

When talking about the “Internet of Things” you will often come across:

• Cyber-Physical Systems• M2M – Machine to Machine Communications• The Internet of Everything• The Internet of Things• The Industrial Internet• Industry 4.0• The Network of Things• The Connected World• The Networked World

And many similar “terms” that describe how applications and solutions, can be constructed to deliver specific functionality from common components, processes, techniques, and infrastructure and that rely on digitization, connectivity, computation, and decisions to create an outcome.

Page 16: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

What: A View of IoT

M2M CommunicationsCommon Carrier Network Protocols for “Things”

The Internet of ThingsThe Catchall – Applications at the Core

The Internet of EverythingThings • Processes •People

Page 17: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

What: A View of IoT

Industry 4.0 –Life Cycle Framework

Industrial Internet – Operational Efficiency

Cyber Physical Systems – Digitized Design

Page 18: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

What: A View of IoT

Analyze

Decide

Actuate

Sense

Collect Data

Sensors

Actuators

Sources

Closing the Control Loop

Models and Algorithms

Procedures and Policies

The Basics:• Networked System

with a purpose!• Utilizing Network

Resources• Distributed and

Mobile• Work Globally

• Self Configuring• Automated• Smarts built in

• People, Processes, and Things in the Loop

Page 19: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

Where is IoT in its Lifecycle?

Core Multi-Vertical Platform

Vertical Specific Applications

Vertical Specific End-System Implementations

Common Components Core Services

Software, Data Management

Computing

Connectivity

Actuators

Storage

Interfaces (APIs)

Sensors

End-End Attributes

Security/P

rivacy

Availab

ility

Reliab

ility

Distrib

utio

n

Scaling

Provisioning, Activation

Maintenance

ApplicationEnablement

Billing

Deployment

Monitoring,Optimization

Directory,Naming

IntellectualProperty

Performance

Jitter

Capacity

Bandwidth

Latency

Page 20: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

Where is IoT in its Lifecycle?

Vertical Specific Applications

Vertical Specific End-System Implementations

Enumerating the Space that IoT Spans

Common Components 1,000,000s Across Building Blocks

Core Services 100,000s For Application Types

Performance Parameters 100,000s Over all Verticals

Attributes 10,000s For Range of Use Cases

Multiple (Hopefully few ) Architectures Needed to Span the Space

Page 21: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

Where is IoT in its Lifecycle?

• Almost Every “Vertical” will be impacted by IoT– The existing stock of “solutions” has crossed a thresh-hold where the

ROI from current deployments is positive – it’s all about economics!

– Most solutions are vertical specific, being developed within verticals, and have very different requirements.

– We are learning what is common and what is not and that takes time and experimentation.

Page 22: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

Where is IoT in its Lifecycle?

• Ecosystems

Page 23: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

Where is IoT in its Lifecycle?

• Influence of major trends• Big data and analytics

• Cloud based computing and storage ( including edge/fog )

• Mobility

• Universal access with high bandwidth – copper, coax, fiber, and wireless

Page 24: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

Where is IoT in its Lifecycle?

• A Look at Adoption– Growth in revenues attributed to IoT CAGR > 20%

– Investments still outstrip returns!

Page 25: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

What: The basic ingredients of IoT

• Building Blocks and essential Ingredients– Computing

– Storage

– Connectivity

– Sensors

– Actuators

– Interfaces – Humans in the Loop

– Software and Algorithms

– Power and Energy

– Design and Integration Methods

– Operational Technologies

– Domain Knowledge and

Expertise

Page 26: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

What: The basic ingredients of IoT

• Connectivity

Page 27: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

What: The basic ingredients of IoT

• Communications

Page 28: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

What: The basic ingredients of IoT

• Hierarchy and Heterogeneity

Page 29: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

What: The basic ingredients of IoT

• Hierarchy and Heterogeneity - WAN

Page 30: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

What: The basic ingredients of IoT

• Hierarchy and Heterogeneity - LAN

Page 31: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

What: The basic ingredients of IoT

• Hierarchy and Heterogeneity - PAN

Page 32: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

How: IoT Economics

• Its about Economics!!!!

• The target cost of a node ~ $3.00-$10.0

Cost Impact of IoT Deployment

Nodes/Cost per Node $10.00 $100.00 $1000.00

25 Billion $0.250 Trillion $2.50 Trillion $25.0 Trillion

75 Billion $0.750 Trillion $7.50 Trillion $75.0 Trillion

150 Billion $1.500 Trillion $15.0 Trillion $150 Trillion

GDP Figures and Trends

Year World United States China

2016 $75.641 Trillion $18.569 Trillion $11.199 Trillion

2010 $62.220 Trillion $14.964 Trillion $ 6.101 Trillion

2000 $41.016 Trillion $10.285 Trillion $ 1.211 Trillion

1990 $27.539 Trillion $ 5.980 Trillion $ 0.361 Trillion

** World Bank Estimates in current $ Terms

Page 33: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

How: IoT Economics

• What’s in a Node? How to get the cost down to the ~ $3.00-$10.0 Target?

Capital Costs

• Goods and Components

• Integration• Installation

• Labor• Test and

Validation• Training• Facilities• Upgrades

Operating Costs

• Contracted Services• Communications• Cloud• MRO

• Staffing • Maintenance• Unforeseen Repairs • Storage• Facilities• Upgrades

Page 34: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

How will IoT Evolve?

• Element of Time

– We are on a learning curve• Low thresh-hold solutions first

• High value solutions next

– Greater use of AI Autonomy and Automation

– Consolidation of Vertical Solutions and Emergence of a limited number of Dominant of IoT Architectures – hopefully a small number!

– Taking Communications and Connectivity to the next level• High-Bandwidth, Low-Latency, Ubiquitous, Reliable, and Secure

• No single approach solves all the problems and fits the needs!

– A trend that will roll out for the next 20-30 years.

The Biggest Gains Will Come From Refactoring

Page 35: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

Summary

• The Internet of Things is complex and involves many different types and styles of IoT implementation.

• Standards play a key role in consolidating our knowledge and extending the reach of solutions. This in turn allow us to do new things and at the same time drive down the costs to accelerate adoption.

• Communications and Connectivity are essential and deeply influence the architecture of IoT solutions.

• The greatest gains will come from how we refactor the design of personal, commercial, and infrastructure systems that are pervasive and affect us all.

Page 36: Designing IoT Applications: Why, What, and How!...Forum IoT Tunisia April 27th, 2018 Designing IoT Applications: Why, What and How! Outline • Why: • Value and Benefits • Level

Forum IoT TunisiaApril 27th, 2018

Designing IoT Applications:Why, What and How!

Thank you!