detectors - university of maryland observatoryharris/astr610_f16/lec/detectors.pdf · glast (fermi)...

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Page 1: detectors - University of Maryland Observatoryharris/ASTR610_F16/lec/detectors.pdf · GLAST (Fermi) Detectors Large Area Telescope GLAST Burst Monitor ... •W sheets convert gammas

9/7/2016

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Page 2: detectors - University of Maryland Observatoryharris/ASTR610_F16/lec/detectors.pdf · GLAST (Fermi) Detectors Large Area Telescope GLAST Burst Monitor ... •W sheets convert gammas

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Page 3: detectors - University of Maryland Observatoryharris/ASTR610_F16/lec/detectors.pdf · GLAST (Fermi) Detectors Large Area Telescope GLAST Burst Monitor ... •W sheets convert gammas

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Page 4: detectors - University of Maryland Observatoryharris/ASTR610_F16/lec/detectors.pdf · GLAST (Fermi) Detectors Large Area Telescope GLAST Burst Monitor ... •W sheets convert gammas

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Page 5: detectors - University of Maryland Observatoryharris/ASTR610_F16/lec/detectors.pdf · GLAST (Fermi) Detectors Large Area Telescope GLAST Burst Monitor ... •W sheets convert gammas

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Page 6: detectors - University of Maryland Observatoryharris/ASTR610_F16/lec/detectors.pdf · GLAST (Fermi) Detectors Large Area Telescope GLAST Burst Monitor ... •W sheets convert gammas

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Chandra X‐ray Observatory

Page 7: detectors - University of Maryland Observatoryharris/ASTR610_F16/lec/detectors.pdf · GLAST (Fermi) Detectors Large Area Telescope GLAST Burst Monitor ... •W sheets convert gammas

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Gas discharge tubeGeiger counterGeiger counterProportional counter

Geiger‐Mueller: G > 108

Proportional: G ~ 104 ‐ 105

For proportional counter: measure charge position along the central wire to get the chargethe central wire to get the charge position.

Page 8: detectors - University of Maryland Observatoryharris/ASTR610_F16/lec/detectors.pdf · GLAST (Fermi) Detectors Large Area Telescope GLAST Burst Monitor ... •W sheets convert gammas

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Page 9: detectors - University of Maryland Observatoryharris/ASTR610_F16/lec/detectors.pdf · GLAST (Fermi) Detectors Large Area Telescope GLAST Burst Monitor ... •W sheets convert gammas

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GLAST (Fermi) DetectorsGLAST Burst MonitorLarge Area Telescope 

(20% sky coverage)

Twelve NaI low‐energy (8 keV – 1 MeV) X‐/gamma‐ray detectors facing in different directions locate source within a few degrees.  Two BiGeO calorimeters 

• Anticoincidence detector triggers on charged particles (so, not gamma‐rays)•W sheets convert gammas to e+/‐ pairs• Silicon strip detectors track particles

do much the same for high‐energy (150 keV – 30 MeV) gamma rays.

• Calorimeter measures particle energies 

First Fermi all‐sky gamma ray map

August 2008

Page 10: detectors - University of Maryland Observatoryharris/ASTR610_F16/lec/detectors.pdf · GLAST (Fermi) Detectors Large Area Telescope GLAST Burst Monitor ... •W sheets convert gammas

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Swift Satellite

ZnCdTe calorimeter array (32,768 elements) and readout electronics

BAT coded‐aperture mask

1.4 Sr field of view, 15‐150 keV

Page 11: detectors - University of Maryland Observatoryharris/ASTR610_F16/lec/detectors.pdf · GLAST (Fermi) Detectors Large Area Telescope GLAST Burst Monitor ... •W sheets convert gammas

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Pierre Auger Observatory, Argentina

Air “fluorescence” (really luminescence or scintillation)  and Cherenkov detectors for charged particles (cosmic rays)

Jackson, “Classical Electrodynamics”

Page 12: detectors - University of Maryland Observatoryharris/ASTR610_F16/lec/detectors.pdf · GLAST (Fermi) Detectors Large Area Telescope GLAST Burst Monitor ... •W sheets convert gammas

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Cherenkov detectors

HAWC Observatory, MexicoIce Cube South PoleIce Cube, South Pole

Ice Cube: neutrino detector

HAWC: cosmic ray detector